CN104276932A - Preparation method of paraform dimethyl ether - Google Patents

Preparation method of paraform dimethyl ether Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104276932A
CN104276932A CN201310286138.8A CN201310286138A CN104276932A CN 104276932 A CN104276932 A CN 104276932A CN 201310286138 A CN201310286138 A CN 201310286138A CN 104276932 A CN104276932 A CN 104276932A
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Prior art keywords
dimethyl ether
paraformaldehyde
preparation
polyoxymethylene dimethyl
methylal
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CN201310286138.8A
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高晓晨
杨为民
刘志成
高焕新
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C41/48—Preparation of compounds having groups
    • C07C41/50—Preparation of compounds having groups by reactions producing groups
    • C07C41/56—Preparation of compounds having groups by reactions producing groups by condensation of aldehydes, paraformaldehyde, or ketones

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of paraform dimethyl ether to mainly solve the problem that the cost of synthesizing paraform dimethyl ether by using trioxymethylene as a raw material formerly is high. According to the invention, methanol, methylal and paraformaldehyde are used as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of methanol to methylal to paraformaldehyde is 0-10:0-10:1; and usage amounts of methanol and methylal cannot be 0 at the same time. Under the condition that reaction temperature is 70-200 DEG C and the reaction pressure is 0.2-6MPa, the raw materials are contacted with a catalyst to react so as to generate paraform dimethyl ether, wherein the catalyst used is at least one amorphous aluminosilicate powder modified by an element of P, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Zn or Mo. By the technical scheme, the above problem is solved well. The method can be used in industrial production of paraform dimethyl ether.

Description

The preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, particularly about a kind of take paraformaldehyde as the method for Material synthesis polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether.
Background technology
In recent years, along with Industrial Revolution impact increasingly deeply and the resource general layout of China's distinctive " many coals, few oil, have gas ", China's oil resource growing tension, oil supplies pressure and unprecedentedly increases.Estimate following 10 ~ 20 years, China's oil supply rate only has ~ and 50%.The energy dilemma how utilizing the coal resources of China's abundant to solve China just becomes researcher urgent problem.Therefore be day by day subject to people's attention by the oil product substitute of coal-based methanol development of new.
Dme is suggested the earliest as a kind of procetane, but high, the easy generation vapour lock of vapour pressure makes dme obviously raise as the cost of vehicle alternative fuel because himself cold starting performance is poor, under normal temperature.Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, i.e. Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE), be the common name of a class material, its skeleton symbol can be expressed as CH 3o (CH 2o) ncH 3, there is higher octane value (> 30) and oxygen level (42 ~ 51%).When the value of n is 2 ~ 10, its physical properties, combustionproperty and diesel oil closely, preferably resolve the defect that dme exists as derv fuel oil blend component.Therefore polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether can be used as novel clean diesel component, and the addition in diesel oil can reach 30% (v/v), can improve diesel oil combustion position within the engine, improves thermo-efficiency, reduces the particulate matter in tail gas and CO xand NO xdischarge.It is reported, add the CH of 5 ~ 30% 3oCH 2oCH 3nO can be reduced xdischarge 7 ~ 10%, PM reduces by 5 ~ 35%.Synthesize PODE by coal-based methanol and not only can replace part diesel oil, the efficiency of combustion of diesel oil can also be improved, reduce diesel combustion to the harm of environment, there is important strategic importance and good economic worth.
Prepared by the method that in laboratory, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is reacted in 150 ~ 180 DEG C of heating low polymerization degree paraformaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and methyl alcohol under can being existed by trace sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.In recent years, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether synthetic technology achieves progress.
CN 101182367A describes and adopts acidic ionic liquid as catalyzer, is the method for reactant synthesizing polyoxymethylene dme by methyl alcohol and trioxymethylene.US5,746,785 describe with protonic acid (as formic acid, sulfuric acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) as catalyzer with WO2006/045506A1, the synthesis technique of the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether being raw material with methylal and trioxymethylene, although this bronsted acid catalyst is cheap and easy to get, corrodibility is strong, is difficult to be separated, environmental pollution is large, high to the requirement of equipment.We also develop ourselves and adopt solid acid catalyst (molecular sieve CN 200910056820.1, solid super-strong acid CN 200910056819.9) with methyl alcohol and trioxymethylene for polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether prepared by raw material.
But these techniques all adopt trioxymethylene to be reaction raw materials, according to market study, the price of trioxymethylene is 14000 yuan/ton; The price of contrast paraformaldehyde, only has 5000 yuan/ton.We are not difficult to find, are that raw material production polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether can significantly reduce production cost with paraformaldehyde.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is prior art with methyl alcohol and trioxymethylene for existing in Material synthesis polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether technique because raw material trioxymethylene price is high, the problem that production cost is higher can be caused, a kind of preparation method of new polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is provided.It is cheap that the method has raw material paraformaldehyde, the advantage that production cost is low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, with methyl alcohol, methylal and paraformaldehyde are raw material, wherein methyl alcohol: methylal: the mass ratio of paraformaldehyde is 0 ~ 10: 0 ~ 10: 1, the consumption of methyl alcohol and methylal can not be 0 simultaneously, it is 70 ~ 200 DEG C in temperature of reaction, reaction pressure is under 0.2 ~ 6MPa condition, raw material and catalyst exposure, reaction generates polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, catalyzer wherein used is selected from by least one in the microporous crystalline silico aluminate of following elements modification: P, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Zn or Mo, catalyst levels is 0.05 ~ 10 % of raw material weight.
In technique scheme, catalyst levels preferable range is 0.1 ~ 5% of raw material weight; Methyl alcohol: methylal: the quality of paraformaldehyde is 0.2 ~ 10: 0.5 ~ 10: 1 than preferable range; The preferable range of temperature of reaction is 100 ~ 150 DEG C; Reaction pressure preferable range is 0.4 ~ 4.0MPa; The polymerization degree of described paraformaldehyde is preferably 2 ~ 8, and more preferably 4 ~ 6.Catalyzed reaction obtains polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, by filtering or centrifugal mode separating catalyst and liquid phase reaction thing.
In technique scheme, from inventing the technical problem that will solve, with prior art effect on year-on-year basis, the reaction times is not key point of the present invention, but control and the consideration of time efficiency other factors from operation, usually will control in the reaction times is 1 to 20 hour.The reaction times adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is 4 ~ 12 hours.
The non-crystalline silicon aluminate powder of following elements modification of the present invention belongs to material known in the art: P, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Zn or Mo, be expressed as: P-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, Mg-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, Al-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, Ca-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, Ti-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, Zn-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3or Mo-SiO 2/ Al 2o 3, can the present invention be used for and solve the technology of the present invention problem.Wherein the content of P, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Zn or Mo is preferably 0.05 ~ 20%, SiO of the weight of aluminosilicate carrier 2/ Al 2o 3mol ratio is preferably 0.1 ~ 500.
The polymerization degree of paraformaldehyde adopts Arbiso process or iodometric determination, method comes from: Chen Yongjie, Zhao Hui, Shao Yong wait so long. the polymerization degree measurement of industrial paraformaldehyde and the preparation of low polymerization degree paraformaldehyde, Shenyang Institute of Chemical Technology journal, 15 (2): 2001.
Owing to using metal-modified microporous crystalline silico aluminate to be catalyzer in the present invention, methyl alcohol, methylal and paraformaldehyde catalyzed reaction synthesizing polyoxymethylene dme can be realized, replace the trioxymethylene in traditional raw material.Because the method can paraformaldehyde be raw material, the inexpensive production cost that makes is lower, and products therefrom distribution is more even.Catalyst metal modified micropore crystalline aluminosilicate structure is simple, and preparation technology is simple and easy to control, is more value in use.Used catalyst contains extremely strong acidity, from the reaction product of methyl alcohol and paraformaldehyde, methylal is obtained by the method for distillation, make by product methylal circulate enter acid catalytic systems again with polyformaldehyde reaction, therefore can keep higher reaction conversion ratio and product yield.Use the inventive method, be 70 ~ 200 DEG C in temperature of reaction, reaction pressure is under 0.2 ~ 6MPa condition, and use methyl alcohol, methylal and polyformaldehyde reaction, its result is as follows: the first, and production cost is lower; The second, catalyzer is separated with reaction product simply, and adopt the way of distillation to make by product circulating reaction, therefore the yield of product n=2 ~ 10 is good, and selectivity, up to 81.5%, achieves good technique effect.
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, the polymerization degree of the raw material paraformaldehyde adopted in embodiment is 5, selectivity of product take paraformaldehyde as benchmark is that target product calculates with the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether that the polymerization degree is 2 ~ 10, and in comparative example, the selectivity of product take trioxymethylene as benchmark.
Embodiment
[embodiment 1]
2 grams of catalyst P-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 80, P the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, react 4h under 130 DEG C and 0.8MPa autogenous pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted material benzenemethanol and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 2]
2 grams of catalyzer Mg-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 100, Mg the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, react 4h under 130 DEG C and 0.6 MPa autogenous pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted material benzenemethanol and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 3]
2 grams of catalyst A l-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methylals and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 100, Al the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, react 4h under 130 DEG C and 0.6 MPa autogenous pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted raw material methylal and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 4]
2 grams of catalyst P-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of distillation sample (methylals of 87wt% of mol ratio to be the content of 200, P the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, all the other are methyl alcohol) and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes, at 130 DEG C, under 0.7MPa autogenous pressure, react 4h, extract after sample centrifugation by through gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted raw material methylal and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 5]
2 grams of catalyzer Ca-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 50 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 200, Ca the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, at 130 DEG C, react 4h under 0.7MPa autogenous pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by through gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted raw material methylal and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 6]
2 grams of catalyzer Ti-SiO are added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 100, Ti the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, at 80 DEG C of reaction 4h, extract after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted material benzenemethanol and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 7]
0.5 gram of catalyst Z n-SiO is added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 150, Zn the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, react 12h under 80 DEG C and 2MPa autogenous pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted material benzenemethanol and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[embodiment 8]
1 gram of catalyzer Mo-SiO is added in 300 milliliters of tank reactors 2/ Al 2o 3, wherein SiO 2/ Al 2o 310%, 100 grams of methylals and 100 grams of paraformaldehydes of mol ratio to be the content of 100, Mo the be weight of aluminosilicate carrier, react 4h under 130 DEG C and 4MPa nitrogen pressure, extracts after sample centrifugation by gas chromatographic analysis.Comprise polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and unreacted raw material methylal and paraformaldehyde in product, its composition distribution is as table 1.
[comparative example 1]
As described in patent CN200910056819.9, in 300 milliliters of tank reactors, add 2 grams of catalyzer Cl -/ TiO 2, 100 grams of methyl alcohol and 100 grams of trioxymethylenes, react 4h under 130 DEG C and 0.7MPa autogenous pressure, by gas chromatographic analysis after the centrifugation of extraction sample.Its composition distribution following (representing with % by weight): methyl alcohol, 7.0%; Trioxymethylene, 2.5%; Methylal, 19.4%; N=2,21.9%; N=3,26.2%; N=4,13.0%; N=5 ~ 10,10.0%; N>11, surplus.
  
Use trioxymethylene and methyl alcohol to be raw material in comparative example, trioxymethylene price is higher, causes the high and solid super strong acid production process more complicated of production cost.In contrast, the price of raw material paraformaldehyde will far below trioxymethylene, and production cost significantly reduces for the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Table 1
N is the polymerization degree, and product is CH 3o (CH 2o) ncH 3.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, with methyl alcohol, methylal and paraformaldehyde are raw material, wherein methyl alcohol: methylal: the mass ratio of paraformaldehyde is 0 ~ 10: 0 ~ 10: 1, the consumption of methyl alcohol and methylal can not be 0 simultaneously, it is 70 ~ 200 DEG C in temperature of reaction, reaction pressure is under 0.2 ~ 6MPa condition, raw material and catalyst exposure, reaction generates polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, catalyzer wherein used is selected from by least one in the microporous crystalline silico aluminate of following elements modification: P, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Zn or Mo, catalyst levels is 0.05 ~ 10 % of raw material weight.
2. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that described catalyst levels is 0.1 ~ 5 % of raw material weight.
3. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that methyl alcohol: methylal: the mass ratio of paraformaldehyde is 0.2 ~ 10: 0.5 ~ 10: 1.
4. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that temperature of reaction is 100 ~ 150 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that reaction pressure is 0.4 ~ 4.0 MPa.
6. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that the polymerization degree of described paraformaldehyde is 2 ~ 8.
7. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 6, is characterized in that the polymerization degree of described paraformaldehyde is 4 ~ 6.
8. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 1, is characterized in that the reaction times is 1 to 20 hour.
9. the preparation method of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether according to claim 8, is characterized in that the reaction times is 4 to 12 hours.
CN201310286138.8A 2013-07-09 2013-07-09 Preparation method of paraform dimethyl ether Pending CN104276932A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106582863A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst for polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether
CN106582883A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst used for synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers
CN106582838A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst for production of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether
CN106582882A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst for polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether synthesis

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CN102040491A (en) * 2009-10-13 2011-05-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalytic synthesis method for polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) by molecular sieves
CN103880612A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether from paraformaldehyde

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106582863A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst for polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether
CN106582883A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Catalyst used for synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers
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