CN104271932A - 内燃机的混合阀 - Google Patents

内燃机的混合阀 Download PDF

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CN104271932A
CN104271932A CN201380023157.XA CN201380023157A CN104271932A CN 104271932 A CN104271932 A CN 104271932A CN 201380023157 A CN201380023157 A CN 201380023157A CN 104271932 A CN104271932 A CN 104271932A
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flap
gear
mixing valve
admission line
axle
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CN104271932B (zh
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丹尼尔·约瑟夫·马克西姆
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Vitesco Technologies GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
    • F16K31/535—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing for rotating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/51—EGR valves combined with other devices, e.g. with intake valves or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/21—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/53—Systems for actuating EGR valves using electric actuators, e.g. solenoids
    • F02M26/54—Rotary actuators, e.g. step motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/64—Systems for actuating EGR valves the EGR valve being operated together with an intake air throttle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/66—Lift valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • F02M26/69—Lift valves, e.g. poppet valves having two or more valve-closing members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/70—Flap valves; Rotary valves; Sliding valves; Resilient valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/71—Multi-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/14—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/20—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members
    • F16K11/22—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members with an actuating member for each valve, e.g. interconnected to form multiple-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K19/00—Arrangements of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F16K31/043—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H35/00—Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • F16H2035/003—Gearings comprising pulleys or toothed members of non-circular shape, e.g. elliptical gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87676—With flow control
    • Y10T137/87684—Valve in each inlet
    • Y10T137/87692—With common valve operator

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机动车辆的内燃机(1)的混合阀(6)，该混合阀具有布置在进气管道(4)中的阀瓣(10)和布置在排气管道(5)中的阀瓣(11)，所述阀瓣中的一个唯一的阀瓣(11)能通过具有不圆的或者偏心的齿轮(17，18)的齿轮对(16)驱动。对另一个阀瓣(10)的驱动具有空动。因此，能够利用仅仅一个唯一的伺服电动机特别自由地设计阀瓣(10，11)的关闭运动。

Description

内燃机的混合阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车辆的内燃机的混合阀，其具有：布置在进气管道中的阀瓣和布置在排气管道中的阀瓣；能旋转地安装在壳体中的、保持阀瓣的轴，其中进气管道和排气管道通入共同的收集管道中；和用于驱动阀瓣的驱动装置。
背景技术
这种混合阀经常用于当今机动车辆的内燃机的废气再循环系统中，并且在实践中是已知的。这样控制进气管道和排气管道的阀瓣运动，即，使得布置在排气管道中的阀瓣从第一位置出发，利用驱动装置的驱控信号来线性地打开。然而，布置在进气管道中的阀瓣首先保持在第一位置中，并且仅在超过预设的驱控信号时才关闭。
通过使用唯一的驱动装置能够耦合这些阀瓣的运动。然而，这导致了这些阀瓣的运动非常相关。阀瓣的同时运动与和耦合阀瓣运动的传动机构牢固地联系在一起。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，改进一种在开头所述类型的混合阀，从而使得能够特别自由地设计阀瓣的打开运动和关闭运动。
根据本发明该目的由此实现，即驱动装置具有用于驱控两个阀瓣的一个唯一的伺服电动机和传动机构，并且驱动这些阀瓣中的一个阀瓣的齿轮对具有不圆的或者偏心的齿轮。
通过该设计方案，在驱动装置恒定驱动的时候，能够产生阀瓣的打开运动和关闭运动的不同的角速度。由于本发明，避免了共同驱动的阀瓣的打开运动和关闭运动的线性关联。通过相应地确定齿轮的不圆性和偏心率，能够在唯一的伺服电动机的情况下自由地设计阀瓣的打开运动和关闭运动。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，当不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的一个齿轮布置在进气管道的阀瓣的轴上，并且不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的另一个齿轮布置在排气管道的阀瓣的轴上时，并且当设计了用于驱动不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的一个唯一的齿轮的传动机构时，在结构上特别简单地设计了以不同角速度来驱动阀瓣。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，当在进气管道的阀瓣的轴上支撑有固定有传动机构的同心齿轮和固定有突起的控制臂时，并且当同心齿轮具有能相对所述控制臂运动的带动件时，能够简单地产生空动，在该空动期间进气管道的阀瓣在驱动传动机构时不发生偏转。通过这种设计方案，能够特别多方面地设计对进气管道和排气管道的控制。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，能够特别地低成本地制造混合阀，即，带动件、同心齿轮和不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的一个齿轮一体地制造而成。
能够例如自锁地设计驱动阀瓣的驱动装置，并且轴能够保持在原始位置中。然而，传动机构中的间隙或者空动能够导致阀瓣的自有动力变化。根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，当进气管道的阀瓣的轴被弹性部件预加应力到原始位置中，并且该轴能通过驱动装置相对该弹性部件的力进行偏转时，阀瓣可靠地保持在其预设的位置中。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，当在进气管道的阀瓣的轴上固定有保持部件时，并且当弹性部件支撑与壳体相对的保持部件时，能够特别小地保持用于保持进气管道的阀瓣的轴的构造开销。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，当将保持部件和控制臂布置在进气管道的阀瓣的轴的彼此相对的端部上时，特别简单地设计对混合阀的装配。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，有助于进一步减小阀瓣的自有动力变化的是，排气管道的阀瓣的轴被弹性部件预加应力到原始位置中。
附图说明
本发明允许大量的实施方式。为了进一步阐述所述实施方式的基本原理，在附图中示出并且在后续说明所述实施方式中的一个。在此：
图1示意性地示出具有根据本发明的混合阀的内燃机，
图2示出图1中的混合阀的横截面，
图3示出混合阀的驱动装置的视图，
图4示出混合阀的后视图，
图5示意性地示出混合阀的阀瓣的摆动运动。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了具有进气通道2和排气通道3的内燃机1。进气通道2具有进气管道4，通过该进气管道从周围环境吸入空气。排气管道5从排气通道3通过混合阀6导入进气通道2中。混合阀6将进气管道4和排气管道5一起导向收集管道7。收集管道7直接导向内燃机1。具有伺服电动机9的驱动装置8能够实现对混合阀6的调整。
图2示出了图1中的混合阀6的截面图。在进气管道4和排气管道5中，将阀瓣10，11分别固定在能摆动的轴12，13上。排气管道5相对于进气管道4和收集管道7成直角地布置。伺服电动机9布置在收集管道7的对着排气管道5的一侧上。在一个未示出的可替代的实施方式中，驱动装置8的伺服电动机9也能够布置在进气管道4和排气管道5之间的角区域内。
图3示出了在驱动装置8的俯视图中的混合阀6。通过伺服电动机9和驱动装置8驱动图2中的轴12，13进而驱动图2中的阀瓣10，11。混合阀6具有开放示出的壳体14，该壳体能够由图4示出的盖子15封闭。驱动装置8具有传动机构26，该传动机构用于驱动轴12，13进而驱动阀瓣10，11。将阀瓣11保持在排气管道5中的轴13能够通过具有不圆的或者偏心的齿轮17，18的齿轮对16驱动。一个不圆的或者偏心的齿轮18抗扭地布置在排气管道5的阀瓣11的轴13上。另一个不圆的或者偏心的齿轮17抗扭地布置在能同心旋转地安装在进气管道4的阀瓣10的轴12上的齿轮19上。这个同心齿轮19具有带动件20，该带动件位于固定在进气管道4的阀瓣10的轴12上的控制臂21的对面。另外，弹性部件22将排气管道5的阀瓣11的轴13预加应力到原始位置中。为此，弹性部件22自身支撑在壳体14上。
图4示出了图3中的混合阀6的后视图。在此能够看出，在进气管道4的阀瓣10的轴12在其背离控制臂12的端部上承载有保持部件23。自身支撑在壳体14上的第二弹性部件24作用于保持部件23。壳体14的盖住图3中的驱动装置8的盖子15具有用于给伺服电动机9通电的插接件25。
当给伺服电动机9通电时，首先通过传动机构26和不圆的或者偏心的齿轮对16驱动图2所示的排气管道5的阀瓣11。由于齿轮对16的形状，摆动运动在驱动的时候不是线性延伸、而是以如图5所示的那样弧形地延伸。图5示出了阀瓣10，11在驱动装置8的运动区域上的打开角度α。用I表征布置在进气管道4中的阀瓣10的运动，并且用II表征布置在排气管道5中的阀瓣11的运动。在同心齿轮19运动时，进气管道4中的阀瓣10首先保持在打开位置中。因此，对进气管道4中的阀瓣10的驱动具有空动。当传动机构26的同心齿轮19旋转直到使得带动件20面对布置在进气管道4的阀瓣10的轴12上的控制臂21的时候，进气管道4的阀瓣10摆动。随着通过伺服电动机9的驱动，该摆动运动线性地延伸，如图5所示。因此进气管道4关闭。

Claims (8)

1.一种机动车辆的内燃机(1)的混合阀(6)，具有：布置在进气管道(4)中的阀瓣(10)和布置在排气管道(5)中的阀瓣(11)；能旋转地安装在壳体(14)中的、保持所述阀瓣(10，11)的轴(12，13)，其中所述进气管道(4)和所述排气管道(5)通入共同的收集管道(7)中；和用于驱动所述阀瓣(10，11)的驱动装置(8)，其特征在于，所述驱动装置(8)具有用于驱控所述两个阀瓣(10，11)的一个唯一的伺服电动机(9)和传动机构(26)，并且驱动所述阀瓣(10，11)中的一个阀瓣的齿轮对(16)具有不圆的或者偏心的齿轮(17，18)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合阀，其特征在于，所述不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的一个齿轮(17)布置在所述进气管道(4)的所述阀瓣(10)的所述轴(12)上，并且所述不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的另一个齿轮(18)布置在所述排气管道(5)的所述阀瓣(11)的所述轴(13)上，并且所述传动机构(26)设计为用于驱动所述不圆的或者偏心的齿轮中的一个唯一的齿轮(17)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合阀，其特征在于，在所述进气管道(4)的所述阀瓣(10)的所述轴(12)上支撑有所述传动机构(26)的同心齿轮(19)并固定有突起的控制臂(21)，并且所述同心齿轮(19)具有能相对所述控制臂(21)运动的带动件(20)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合阀，其特征在于，将所述带动件(20)、所述同心齿轮(19)和不圆的或者偏心的齿轮(17，18)中的一个齿轮一体制造而成。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的混合阀，其特征在于，所述进气管道(4)的所述阀瓣(10)的所述轴(12)被弹性部件(24)预加应力到原始位置中并能通过所述驱动装置(8)相对所述弹性部件(24)的力进行偏转。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合阀，其特征在于，在所述进气管道(4)的所述阀瓣(10)的所述轴(12)上固定有保持部件(23)，并且所述弹性部件(24)支撑与所述壳体(14)相对的所述保持部件(23)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合阀，其特征在于，所述保持部件(23)和所述控制臂(21)布置在所述进气管道(4)的所述阀瓣(10)的所述轴(12)的彼此相对的端部上。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的混合阀，其特征在于，所述排气管道(5)的所述阀瓣(11)的所述轴(13)被弹性部件(22)预加应力到原始位置中。
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