CN104269601A - Double-frequency power divider based on slot line and design method thereof - Google Patents

Double-frequency power divider based on slot line and design method thereof Download PDF

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CN104269601A
CN104269601A CN201410505347.1A CN201410505347A CN104269601A CN 104269601 A CN104269601 A CN 104269601A CN 201410505347 A CN201410505347 A CN 201410505347A CN 104269601 A CN104269601 A CN 104269601A
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line
frequency
power divider
transmission line
frequency power
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CN104269601B (en
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李家林
王焕烛
高春燕
王秉中
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a double-frequency power divider based on a slot line and a design method of the double-frequency power divider, and relates to the field of microwave techniques. The slot line replaces an isolation resistor, and therefore it is avoided that lumped elements need to be arranged between output ports to achieve the isolation function of an existing double-frequency power divider; high isolation between the output ports at two working frequency bands is achieved through double-frequency resonance of the slot line, power distribution at a given frequency and matching of all ports can be achieved, good isolation between the output ports at double frequencies can be achieved as well, and therefore the defect that lumped elements are needed for achieving the isolation function of an existing Wilkinson power divider is overcome. The double-frequency power divider based on the slot line and the design method of the double-frequency power divider are especially suitable for power divider circuits with lumped elements needing to be arranged on interlayers of multilayer circuit structures such as LTCC and MICs and beneficial for integrated design and implementation of circuits, and can guarantee the reliability and stability of the circuits. The double-frequency power divider based on the slot line and the design method of the double-frequency power divider can be applied to feed networks and microwave power distribution/synthesis networks of microwave antennas and other functional circuit modules of microwave engineering.

Description

A kind of dual-frequency power divider based on the line of rabbet joint and method for designing thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave technical field, be specifically related to a kind of in given two-band, realize isolation features between output port based on the line of rabbet joint dual-frequency power divider and method for designing thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of radio communication, the application of multiband receiving and transmitting front end also gets more and more, and the design of multiband circuit is also more and more paid attention to.Microwave power distributor/synthesizer is a kind of important microwave passive components and parts, is one of indispensable key components in communication system, is widely used in the functional circuits such as the feeding network of antenna array, power combing, RF mixing.Nineteen sixty, Wilkinson proposes the merit separation structure that a kind of constant amplitude homophase exports, and this structural principle is clear, design parameter is simple and clear, pass through cross-over connection resistance between the output ports simultaneously, realize the high-isolation between output port, thus extensive use in microwave circuit.Under but this power splitter can only be operated in fundamental resonance frequency and its odd harmonic frequencies, cannot meet the demands in the application of other double frequencies, simultaneously due to the existence of isolation resistance, add the complexity of Project Realization.
Document " A Dual-Frequency Wilkinson Power Divider (Lei Wu; Zengguang Sun; Hayattin Yilmaz; Manfred Berroth, IEEE Trans.Microw.Theory Tech., 2006,54 (1): 278-284) " utilize the method for twin-stage transmission line and lump R, L, C element in parallel between the output ports to realize any dual-frequency merit and divide isolation features between output port.But this power splitter is owing to have employed a few class lamped element and two-stage structure, while increase circuit complexity, also increasing circuit size, circuit loss also increases thereupon.
Document " Analytical Design Method of Multiway Dual-Band Planar Power Dividers With Arbitrary Power Division (Yongle Wu; Yuanan Liu; Quan Xue; Shulan Li; Cuiping Yu, IEEE Trans.Microw.Theory Tech., 2010,58 (12): 3832-3841) a kind of method for designing of multichannel dual-frequency power divider " is proposed.This method, when realizing odd number road power division, first passes through 2 nthe power division of road (integers of n>=2) not decile, then after carrying out suitable power combing, obtain odd number road power division, its design process is more complicated, and need multilevel hierarchy be adopted, simultaneously containing lamped element, thus greatly, circuit loss also increases thereupon for its complex structure, size.
Document " A Novel 92 ~ 96GHz High Isolated Power Divider Using Microstrip-Slotline Transitions (Longying Qi; International Conference on Computational Problem-Solving; Chengdu; China, 2012) " gives a kind of Wilkinson power divider structure realizing isolation features with micro-band-line of rabbet joint transition.Determine that the characteristic impedance of the line of rabbet joint realizes the isolation between output port by impedance matching theory, overcome the shortcoming that traditional Wilkinson power splitter contains lamped element, but this structure is only applicable to one-segment power splitter, the job requirement of two-band cannot be realized.
It seems at present, the main method realizing dual-frequency power divider has step impedance conversion method, multi-stage cascade method, detail method in parallel etc., but these methods all need to use lump R, L, C element to realize isolation features.Meanwhile, at adjacent port because needs cross-over connection lamped element realizes isolation features, the design of odd number road power splitter is just more difficult.Therefore, under the dual band operation of any road, how without lamped element there is between output port outstanding problem and the difficult point problem that simple, the compact microwave power distributor structure of high-isolation and its implementation are microwave engineering research & design.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of any road dual-frequency power divider realizing isolation features between output port based on the line of rabbet joint.The parameter (i.e. characteristic impedance, electrical length) that the present invention passes through design transmission line and stub and the line of rabbet joint resonator worked under given double frequency, realize the height isolation between the two-frequency operation of microwave power distributor and any two output ports.For the integrated design of this kind of circuit in microwave engineering sandwich construction (as LTCC, MIC etc.) and realization provide solution.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Realize a dual-frequency power divider for isolation features between output port based on the line of rabbet joint, its topological structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises input port 1, output port 2,3 ..., the characteristic impedance of N+1, N bar is Z 1the first transmission line, the characteristic impedance of N bar is Z 2the second transmission line, and one or more characteristic impedance is Z 3stub; Described stub loads on input port 1 place with parallel form; Each described output port is all connected with input port 1 by the first transmission line described in a section, the second transmission line described in one is also connected with in one end that each section first transmission line is connected with output port, the other end of described second transmission line is designated as the second line end, and the end of described N bar second transmission line is all connected to a common node; The ground plane that each the second line end is corresponding is also provided with one with the line of rabbet joint of the orthogonal thereto placement of corresponding second transmission line, the intersection point that the described line of rabbet joint projects in vertical direction with the second corresponding transmission line is the energized position of corresponding double-frequency resonance, realizes the two-band isolation between each output port by the energized position choosing two-frequency operation frequency range equal energy resonance on the line of rabbet joint.
Further, described N bar first transmission line is all identical with the electrical length of N bar second transmission line.
The fundamental resonance frequency of the described line of rabbet joint equals the centre frequency compared with low-frequency range in two centre frequencies of described dual-frequency power divider, and the length of the described line of rabbet joint 1/2nd guide wavelengths that to be its fundamental resonance frequency corresponding.
The present invention also provides a kind of and realizes the described method for designing based on the dual-frequency power divider of the line of rabbet joint, comprises the following steps:
Step a: determine that the center operating frequency of dual-frequency power divider is designated as f 1and f 2, and f 2>f 1;
Step b: two operating frequencies determined according to step a, calculates electrical length and the characteristic impedance of the first transmission line of described dual-frequency power divider, the second transmission line and stub;
Step c: two operating frequencies provided according to step a, determines the energized position of the resonance line of rabbet joint at the given operating frequency place of described dual-frequency power divider two.
Further, the electrical length of described first transmission line and the second transmission line is all equal and be designated as θ, is determined by following formula:
θ = π 1 + f 2 / f 1
Described stub both can be open circuit according to actual conditions, also can be short circuit; If described stub is open circuit, its electrical length is θ; If described stub is short circuit, its electrical length θ sdetermine by down:
θ s=2θ (2)
It should be noted that: the electrical length of the first transmission line of the present invention, the second transmission line and stub is all with reference at the operating frequency f of described dual-frequency power divider compared with low-frequency range 1place.
In described step a, the normalization characteristic impedance of the first transmission line, the second transmission line and stub is:
z 02 = 2 r tan 2 θ + 2 r - r 2 4 tan 2 θ - - - ( 3 )
z 01 = 2 z 02 r - 2 - - - ( 4 )
z 03 = 2 M z 01 z 02 tan 2 θ N ( z 01 tan 2 θ + z 02 ) - - - ( 5 )
Wherein, M is stub quantity, and N is merit point way and output port number.
In described step c, the line of rabbet joint energized position of double-frequency resonance is determined by following methods:
For slot line structure as shown in Figure 2, its the characteristic function of pattern is:
ψ m 00 z = sin mπx l - - - ( 7 )
Wherein m is pattern exponent number, and l is line of rabbet joint length; The distribution map of different modes of resonance with line of rabbet joint length variations of the line of rabbet joint is obtained by described pattern feature function, after determining the centre frequency of two-frequency operation, by contrasting different mode profile figure, find the abscissa of the line of rabbet joint corresponding to the individual features functional value of required two-frequency operation frequency range equal energy resonance, this abscissa is the energized position of the line of rabbet joint at described dual-frequency power divider two given operating frequency place resonance, is described further below in conjunction with Fig. 3:
Can obtain the mode profile figure of different mode of resonance in 0 to l scope by formula (7), Fig. 3 (a) gives the distribution map of the first five pattern.When excitation is positioned at line of rabbet joint mid point A place, excitation is played odd mould; When energized position moves on to B place (10% of skew line of rabbet joint total length) from center A, excitation is played front four patterns, and the 5th pattern is then suppressed; When energized position moves on to C place (16.67% of skew line of rabbet joint total length) from center A, then first and second, four, five patterns are energized, and three-mode is suppressed, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), curve I, II, III be corresponding different energized position A, B, C respectively;
It can thus be appreciated that, by suitably selecting the energized position of line of rabbet joint resonator, different mode of operations can be encouraged simultaneously, namely realize with the resonance of a line of rabbet joint under given double frequency, thus provide good double frequency isolation features between output port for described dual-frequency power divider.
It should be noted that: dual-frequency power divider structure provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, is loaded with two line of rabbet joint between any two output ports; And for reality realizes, two line of rabbet joint loaded between its output port when adopting of the present invention can be merged into a line of rabbet joint further, described merging method is existing routine techniques.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The method for designing of dual-frequency power divider of the present invention can realize power division under given double frequency or synthesis, can obtain the high isolation characteristic between good port match and output port under two working bands simultaneously.Load compared with dual-frequency power divider that lump R, L, C element realizes with existing employing multilevel hierarchy or step impedance conversion technology, circuit topology is more simple and be easy to realize in sandwich construction (LTCC, MIC etc.), while can realizing any road (especially odd number road) power division or synthesis, circuit structure is compacter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 dual-frequency power divider circuit topology figure based on the line of rabbet joint provided by the invention.
The basic block diagram of Fig. 2 line of rabbet joint resonator provided by the invention.
The mode response figure of Fig. 3 line of rabbet joint provided by the invention mode of resonance distribution map energized position different from the line of rabbet joint.
The schematic diagram of one point of three dual-frequency power divider of 1GHz and the 2GHz work that Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention provides.
The transition structure schematic diagram of one point of three dual-frequency power divider of 1GHz and the 2GHz work that Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention provides.
The ring junction composition (being transformed through the transition structure of Fig. 5 from the schematic diagram of Fig. 4) of one point of three dual-frequency power divider of 1GHz and the 2GHz work that Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention provides.
One point of three wideband microstrip power splitter topological diagram of 1GHz and the 2GHz work that Fig. 7 embodiment of the present invention provides.
The simulation curve figure of scattering parameter between the power splitter port one that Fig. 8 embodiment of the present invention provides and port 2.
The simulation curve figure of scattering parameter between the power splitter port 2 that Fig. 9 embodiment of the present invention provides and port 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
What the present embodiment realized is one point of three dual-frequency power divider, N=3, gets stub for open circuit detail, makes M=3, namely adopt three stubs (the present embodiment is open stub).Be illustrated in figure 4 the schematic diagram of one point of three dual-frequency power divider of 1GHz and the 2GHz work that the embodiment of the present invention provides.On schematic diagram basis, using structure centre position as input in realization, article three, the first transmission line radially distributes, form transition structure as shown in Figure 5: the common node needed for the second transmission line is then positioned at structure centre place and (should be noted, common node is not connected with input port), thus realize being loaded to common node after the line of rabbet joint by the second transmission line between any two output ports, and then be connected through the second transmission line after loading the line of rabbet joint.Due to the second transmission line between output port and the structural symmetry loading the line of rabbet joint, Fig. 5 can be further converted to the circulus shown in Fig. 6, and then the complanation of implementation structure; Through this conversion, the characteristic impedance of the second transmission line becomes Z 2'=3Z 2/ 2, meanwhile, the line of rabbet joint of loading also can be reduced to one, as shown in Figure 6.The present embodiment adopts microstrip transmission lines, and the dielectric substrate thickness adopted is 1mm, and its relative dielectric constant is 2.65.Two operating frequencies are respectively 1GHz and 2GHz.The circuit topological structure figure of one point of three dual-frequency power divider that the embodiment of the present invention provides as shown in Figure 7.Described power splitter comprises input port 1, three output port 2,3,4, first transmission line 5, second transmission lines 6, open stub 7, line of rabbet joint resonator 8.
Described one point of three dual-frequency power divider, its feature comprises: the normalization characteristic impedance of the first transmission line is (to port load Z 0do normalization, lower same) be z 01, due to one point of three structural change, the second transmission line characteristic impedance is z 02'=3z 02/ 2, the characteristic impedance of open circuit detail is z 03, the first transmission line, the second transmission line and open circuit detail electrical length are θ.
1 is input port, is introduced in this example by sub-miniature A connector from substrate back, and radius is 0.6mm;
2,3,4 is output port, the wide 2.7mm of microstrip line, characteristic impedance Z 0=50 Ω;
5 for characteristic impedance be z 1, electrical length θ the first transmission line, calculated by equation (1), (3), (4), (6), θ=60 °, Z 1=z 01z 0=68 Ω.Correspondingly microstrip line length and width is respectively 37mm, 2.1mm;
6 for characteristic impedance be z 02', second transmission line of electrical length θ, calculated by equation (1), (3), (6), θ=60 °, Z 2=z 02z 0=57.6 Ω, then Z 2'=3Z 2/ 2=86.3 Ω.The microstrip line length and width determined is respectively 38mm, 0.7mm;
7 for characteristic impedance be z 03, electrical length θ open stub, calculated by equation (1), (3), (4), (5), (6), θ=60 °, Z 3=z 03z 0=89.8 Ω.The microstrip line length and width determined is respectively 37.8mm, 0.94mm;
8 is line of rabbet joint resonator, finally determines the long 127mm of the line of rabbet joint, and the line of rabbet joint is wide is 0.3mm, according to the mode profile figure of line of rabbet joint resonant cavity, chooses energized position for departing from center 25% place.
After determining above-mentioned parameter, adopt full-wave electromagnetic emulation to carry out numerical computations to the present embodiment, its simulation result as shown in Figure 8,9.Fig. 8 is the simulation curve figure of scattering parameter S (1,1), S (2,1) between the power splitter port one that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and port 2.Fig. 9 is the simulation curve figure of scattering parameter S (2,2), S (2,3) between the power splitter port 2 that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and port 3.As seen from the figure, the power splitter worked on two bands, its input/output port all can reach matched well, and echo is all below-19dB, and the isolation between output port is all better than 20dB.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is:
(1) the present embodiment is by loading open circuit detail at input, introduces transmission line between the output ports, the Novel double-frequency power splitter designed, and overcoming in traditional Wilkinson power splitter can only the shortcoming of odd harmonic frequencies work.
(2) the present embodiment line of rabbet joint replaces isolation resistance, avoiding existing dual-frequency power divider must use lamped element could realize the function of isolating between the output ports, utilizes the double-frequency resonance of the line of rabbet joint to realize the height isolation of output port on two working frequency range.
(3) dual-frequency power divider based on the line of rabbet joint of the present invention's proposition, its design and implimentation is simple, compact conformation, and is convenient to carry out integrated design and realization in sandwich construction.

Claims (9)

1. a dual-frequency power divider, comprise input port (1) and output port (2,3 ..., N+1), it is characterized in that, also comprise N bar first transmission line, N bar second transmission line, and the stub of one or more, described stub loads on input port (1) place with parallel form; Each described output port is all connected with input port (1) by the first transmission line described in a section, the second transmission line described in one is also connected with at each section first transmission line and output port connecting place, the other end of the second described transmission line is designated as the second line end, and described N bar second line end is all connected to a common node; The ground plane that each the second line end is corresponding is also provided with one with the line of rabbet joint of the orthogonal thereto placement of corresponding second transmission line, the intersection point that the described line of rabbet joint projects in vertical direction with the second corresponding transmission line is the energized position of corresponding double-frequency resonance, realizes the two-band isolation between each output port by the energized position choosing two-frequency operation frequency range equal energy resonance on the line of rabbet joint.
2. a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described N bar first transmission line is all identical with the electrical length of N bar second transmission line.
3. a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fundamental resonance frequency of the described line of rabbet joint equals the centre frequency compared with low-frequency range in two centre frequencies of described dual-frequency power divider, and the length of the described line of rabbet joint 1/2nd guide wavelengths that to be its fundamental resonance frequency corresponding.
4. the method for designing of the dual-frequency power divider as described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, described method for designing introduces the stub of one or more at the input of power splitter, be connected by one section of first transmission line between input port with output port, second transmission line is also connected with at each section first transmission line and output port connecting place, the other end of described second transmission line is designated as the second line end, described N bar second line end is all connected to a common node, realizes double frequency merit thus and divides; The ground plane that each the second line end is corresponding is also provided with one with the line of rabbet joint of the orthogonal thereto placement of corresponding second transmission line, realize the isolation features in two frequency ranges between output port, described method for designing comprises the following steps:
Step a: determine two of power splitter given working frequency range;
Step b: the electrical length and the characteristic impedance that calculate the first described transmission line, the second transmission line and transmission line minor matters in centre frequency;
Step c: length and the energized position thereof of determining the line of rabbet joint.
5. the method for designing of a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the electrical length of described first transmission line, the second transmission line is all identical and be designated as θ, is specifically determined by following equation:
Wherein, f 1and f 2two center operating frequency of described dual-frequency power divider, and f 2>f 1.
6. the method for designing of a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described stub is open circuit, then its electrical length is θ.
7. the method for designing of a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described stub is short circuit, then its electrical length is 2 θ.
8. the method for designing of a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the first described transmission line, the second transmission line and stub are to port load Z 0do the normalization characteristic impedance after normalization and be respectively z 01, z 02, z 03, specifically determined by following equation:
Wherein, n is the output port sum of described dual-frequency power divider, and M is the stub quantity loading on input port in described dual-frequency power divider.
9. the method for designing of a kind of dual-frequency power divider according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the electrical length of described step c sinual costa is specially described dual-frequency power divider 1/2nd guide wavelengths corresponding compared with low-frequency range operating frequency, and the energized position of the described line of rabbet joint is determined by following methods:
The line of rabbet joint is can be derived from by hole theory the characteristic function of pattern as follows:
Wherein m is pattern exponent number, and l is line of rabbet joint length, and x represents that the line of rabbet joint is placed along x-axis; The distribution map of different modes of resonance with line of rabbet joint length variations of the line of rabbet joint is obtained by described pattern feature function, after determining the centre frequency of two-frequency operation, by contrasting different mode profile figure, find the abscissa of the line of rabbet joint corresponding to the individual features functional value of required two-frequency operation frequency range equal energy resonance, this abscissa is the energized position of the line of rabbet joint at described dual-frequency power divider two given operating frequency place resonance.
CN201410505347.1A 2014-09-26 2014-09-26 A kind of dual-frequency power divider and its method for designing based on the line of rabbet joint Expired - Fee Related CN104269601B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN107464979A (en) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-12 南京觅力觅特电子科技有限公司 A kind of ring-like power splitter of multi-functional mixing based on microstrip line
CN109167141A (en) * 2018-07-31 2019-01-08 南京理工大学 Design method of any function of multichannel point than Gysel type power splitter

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GB2170659B (en) * 1985-02-01 1988-11-02 Ferranti Plc Microwave power divider
CN102142593B (en) * 2010-02-02 2014-06-04 南京理工大学 Small broadband substrate integrated waveguide planar magic-T structure
CN103022619B (en) * 2013-01-11 2015-04-22 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 Microwave phase inverter based one-to-three power divider and power dividing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107464979A (en) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-12 南京觅力觅特电子科技有限公司 A kind of ring-like power splitter of multi-functional mixing based on microstrip line
CN107464979B (en) * 2017-09-06 2019-11-01 南京觅力觅特电子科技有限公司 A kind of ring-like power splitter of multi-functional mixing based on microstrip line
CN109167141A (en) * 2018-07-31 2019-01-08 南京理工大学 Design method of any function of multichannel point than Gysel type power splitter
CN109167141B (en) * 2018-07-31 2021-06-18 南京理工大学 Design method of multipath arbitrary power division ratio Gysel type power divider

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