CN104267570A - Projection type image display device - Google Patents
Projection type image display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104267570A CN104267570A CN201410573547.0A CN201410573547A CN104267570A CN 104267570 A CN104267570 A CN 104267570A CN 201410573547 A CN201410573547 A CN 201410573547A CN 104267570 A CN104267570 A CN 104267570A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
- G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/32—Systems for obtaining speckle elimination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
- H04N9/3161—Modulator illumination systems using laser light sources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Projection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a protection type image display device. The protection type image display device comprises a spatial light modulator (200), an illumination unit (120), and a projection optical system (300), wherein the spatial light modulator (200) modulates incident light corresponding to the incident position and emits the light according to an image of a displayed object; the illumination unit (120) provides illumination light for the spatial light modulator; the projection optical system (300) guides the illumination light modulated by the projection optical system to a screen (400), and projects the image to the screen; a light beam sweeping device (60) illuminates the light beam (L50) to a microlens array (48) and sweeps in a manner that the illumination position on the microlens array of the light beam is changed with time; independent lenses constituting the microlens array (48) can respectively refract the light emitted from the light beam sweeping device to a receiving surface (R) of the spatial light modulator (200) to form designated illumination areas (I); furthermore, the illumination areas (I) formed by the independent lenses form a approximately same area on the receiving surface (R).
Description
The divisional application that the application is the applying date is on September 7th, 2010, application number is 201080069008.3, denomination of invention is the patented claim of " projection type video display apparatus ", its full content is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of projection type video display apparatus, particularly relate to the optical illumination spatial light modulator of use from coherent source to carry out the technology of image display on screen.
Background technology
On screen, projection light has proposed to comprise the various modes of the commercially available product being called as what is called " optical profile type projector " with the projection type video display apparatus carrying out image display.The ultimate principle of this kind of projection type video display apparatus utilizes the spatial light modulator such as LCD micro-display or DMD (Digital Micromirror Device: Digital Micromirror Device), two dimensional image based on generation, and utilize projection optics system the amplification of this two dimensional image to be projected on screen.
In general optical profile type projector, adopt and use the spatial light modulators such as white light source illuminated liquid crystal displays such as high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp, utilize lens the modulation image zoom obtained to be projected to mode on screen.Such as, at the open three primary color components via dichroic mirror, the white light produced with extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp being divided into R, G, B of Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-264512 publication, by the spatial light modulator of these photoconductions to each primary colors, by the modulation Image compounding of cross colour splitting prism by each primary colors of generation, and project to the technology on screen.
But the high-intensity discharge lamp life-span of high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp etc. is shorter, when for optical profile type projector etc., the replacing of lamp must be carried out continually.And, in order to take out the light of each primary components, the optical system that dichroic mirror geometric ratio is relatively large must be utilized, therefore, having the shortcoming that device entirety maximizes.Therefore, the mode using the coherent sources such as laser is also proposed.Such as, the semiconductor laser industrially extensively utilized, compared with high-intensity discharge lamps such as high-pressure mercury-vapor lamps, the life-span is extremely long.And, owing to being the light source of the light that can produce single wavelength, therefore having and do not need the light-dividing devices such as dichroic mirror and the advantage that can make device integral miniaturization.
On the other hand, the mode of the coherent sources such as laser is used to occur producing the new problem of spot.The mottled decorative pattern that spot (speckle) produces when being and the coherent light of laser light etc. is exposed to diffusingsurface, if occur on screen, then can be observed mottled bright spot uneven, become and physiological dysgenic main cause is caused to observer.
Such as, when indicating 1 on screen with laser pointer, the luminous point that can be observed laser is luminous at flashing on-screen.Its reason produces speckle noise on screen.The reason using coherent light then to produce spot is, the coherent light after each portion reflection of the diffusely reflecting surface of screen etc. because of its high can interference capability and interfering with each other.Such as, studying in theory in detail about spot generation has been carried out in " Speckle Phenomena in Optics, Joseph W.Goodman, Roberts & Co., 2006 ".
If the purposes of laser pointer, observer only observes small point, therefore can not produce large problem.But, in the purposes of image display, must at the screen with wide region whole show image, if therefore produce spot on screen, then physiological harmful effect is caused to observer, occurs the symptoms such as uncomfortable.
Certainly, also propose there is the various concrete grammar in order to reduce this speckle noise.Such as, laser light exposed to scatter plate and reduces the technology of spot by the scattered light guide space photomodulator obtained from it and by motor rotary actuation scatter plate Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-208089 publication is open.And, be disclosed at Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-144936 publication and configured scatter plate between LASER Light Source and spatial light modulator and by making this scatter plate vibrate with the technology reducing spot.
But make the mechanical driving mechanism that scatter plate rotates, vibration needs are large-scale, device entirety maximizes and power consumption also increases.And in the method, because scatter plate makes the light scattering from LASER Light Source, therefore a part of laser is helpless to image display completely, but has been wasted.Moreover even if make scatter plate rotation, vibration, the position of the optical axis of illumination light is also constant, therefore fully cannot suppress the spot produced at the diffusingsurface of screen.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of in the projection type video display apparatus employing coherent source efficiently and suppress the technology of the generation of spot fully.
Summary of the invention
(1) 1st aspect of the present invention is a kind of projection type video display apparatus, light is projected on screen to carry out the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that, possess: spatial light modulator, according to the image as display object, penetrate after the modulation corresponding with incoming position is implemented to the light injected, lighting unit, to described spatial light modulator supply illumination light, and projection optics system, by by the illuminated light guide after being modulated by described spatial light modulator to described screen, thus by described image projection to described screen, described lighting unit has: coherent source, produces coherent light beam, hologram recording medium, records the picture of scatter plate (30), and beam sweep device, by described light beam irradiation to described hologram recording medium, and strafe in the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of described light beam to described hologram recording medium, in described hologram recording medium, use the reference light irradiated along regulation light path, record the picture of described scatter plate as hologram, described coherent source produces has the light beam that can reproduce the wavelength of the picture of described scatter plate, described beam sweep device is the mode in the direction of light path along described reference light with the direction of illumination of described light beam to described hologram recording medium, carry out strafing of described light beam, described spatial light modulator is configured in the generation position of the reproduction image of the described scatter plate obtained by described hologram recording medium.
(2) 2nd aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned first method relates to, wherein, beam sweep device makes light beam strafe basic point bending what specify, and by the light beam irradiation after bending to hologram recording medium, and by making the bending state of described light beam change in time, thus the irradiation position of the light beam after bending to described hologram recording medium is changed in time, in described hologram recording medium, use the reference light converging at specific convergent point or the reference light dispersed from specific convergent point, record the picture of scatter plate as hologram, described beam sweep device carries out strafing of light beam using described convergent point as described basic point of strafing.
(3) 3rd aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned second method relates to, wherein, in hologram recording medium, the reference light using the side along the circular cone taking convergent point as summit dimensionally to assemble or disperse, records the picture of scatter plate.
(4) 4th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned Third Way relates to, wherein, beam sweep device has makes light beam to carry out the function bent in the mode comprising oscillating motion in the plane of strafing basic point, and on hologram recording medium at one-dimensional square to strafing light beam.
(5) 5th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned Third Way relates to, wherein, beam sweep device has makes light beam to carry out the function that bends in the mode comprising oscillating motion in the 1st plane of strafing basic point and to make light beam to strafe basic point and in the 2nd plane orthogonal with described 1st plane, the mode of oscillating motion carries out the function bent comprising, and strafes light beam at two-dimensional directional on hologram recording medium.
(6) 6th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned second method relates to, and wherein, in hologram recording medium, the reference light using edge to assemble or disperse with comprising the planar of convergent point, records the picture of scatter plate.
(7) 7th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned 6th mode relates to, wherein, beam sweep device has makes light beam to carry out the function bent in the mode comprising oscillating motion in the plane of strafing basic point, and on hologram recording medium at one-dimensional square to strafing light beam.
(8) 8th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned first method relates to, wherein, beam sweep device exposes to hologram recording medium by making light beam while moving in parallel, thus the irradiation position of described light beam to described hologram recording medium is changed in time, in described hologram recording medium, use the reference light be made up of parallel beam, record the picture of scatter plate as hologram, described beam sweep device from the direction parallel with described reference light by light beam irradiation to described hologram recording medium, to carry out strafing of light beam.
(9) 9th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned the first to eighth mode, and wherein, coherent source is the LASER Light Source producing laser beam.
(10) 10th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, and wherein, hologram recording medium records the picture of scatter plate as volume hologram.
(11) 11st aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, and wherein, hologram recording medium records the picture of scatter plate as surface-embossed holographic figure.
(12) 12nd aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, and wherein, the hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium is computer-generated hologram.
(13) 13rd aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, and wherein, the hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium is fourier hologram.
(14) 14th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, and wherein, the hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium is reflection hologram, and the reflection diffracting light of light beam is used as illumination light.
(15) 15th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of the above-mentioned first to the 9th mode, wherein, the hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium is transmission-type hologram, and the transmission diffraction light of light beam is used as illumination light.
(16) 16th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned first to the 15 mode, and wherein, beam sweep device strafes type mirror device, total reflection prism, refracting prisms or photoelectric crystal.
(17) 17th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned first to the 16 mode, wherein, spatial light modulator is made up of transmission-type or reflection LCD, transmission-type or reflective LCOS element or Digital Micromirror Device.
(18) 18th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned first to the 17 mode, and wherein, projection optics system carries out front projection, and the projection of this front is by the sightingpiston side of image projection to screen.
(19) 19th aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned first to the tenth projection type video display apparatus related to any one of formula from all directions, wherein, coherent source has 3 LASER Light Source that generation has the monochromatic laser beam of trichromatic each wavelength respectively and the laser beam described 3 LASER Light Source produced synthesis to generate the light synthesizer synthesizing light beam, beam sweep device strafes the described synthesis light beam generated by described light synthesizer on hologram recording medium, in described hologram recording medium, the mode of reproduction image can be obtained respectively with each laser beam produced by described 3 LASER Light Source, record the picture of scatter plate as 3 kinds of holograms, spatial light modulator has the pixel arrangement be configured in spatially, described trichromatic arbitrary primary colors associates corresponding with each pixel, described spatial light modulator has the function that each pixel independently carries out the modulation of light, and the light filter of corresponding primary colors is respectively equipped with in the position of each pixel.
(20) 20th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned first method to the tenth all directions formula, and possess: the 1st spatial light modulator, the 1st image according to having the 1st primary components is modulated; 1st lighting unit, has the 1st illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with described 1st primary colors to described 1st spatial light modulator supply; 2nd spatial light modulator, the 2nd image according to having the 2nd primary components is modulated; 2nd lighting unit, has the 2nd illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with described 2nd primary colors to described 2nd spatial light modulator supply; 3rd spatial light modulator, the 3rd image according to having the 3rd primary components is modulated; And the 3rd lighting unit, described 3rd spatial light modulator supply is had to the 3rd illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with described 3rd primary colors, projection optics system by by the illumination light after being modulated by described 1st spatial light modulator, modulated by described 2nd spatial light modulator after illumination light and illuminated light guide after being modulated by described 3rd spatial light modulator to screen, thus and described 1st image, described 2nd image, described 3rd image overlap to be projected on described screen.
(21) 21th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned first method to the tenth all directions formula, and possess: the 1st spatial light modulator, the 1st image according to having the 1st primary components is modulated, 2nd spatial light modulator, the 2nd image according to having the 2nd primary components is modulated, and the 3rd spatial light modulator, the 3rd image according to having the 3rd primary components is modulated, coherent source has the 1st LASER Light Source producing and have the 1st laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 1st primary colors, produce the 2nd LASER Light Source with the 2nd laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 2nd primary colors, generation has the 3rd LASER Light Source of the 3rd laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 3rd primary colors and the laser beam that these 3 LASER Light Source produce is synthesized to produce the light synthesizer synthesizing light beam, beam sweep device strafes the described synthesis light beam produced by described light synthesizer on hologram recording medium, in described hologram recording medium, the mode of reproduction image can be obtained respectively with each laser beam produced by described 3 LASER Light Source, record the picture of scatter plate as 3 kinds of holograms, lighting unit also has the switching device shifter carrying out timesharing supply action, the illumination light obtained from hologram recording medium is supplied to described 1st spatial light modulator by described timesharing supply action during the 1st, described 2nd spatial light modulator is supplied to during the 2nd, described 3rd spatial light modulator is supplied to during the 3rd, described 1st LASER Light Source produces described 1st laser beam during the described 1st, described 2nd LASER Light Source produces described 2nd laser beam during the described 2nd, described 3rd LASER Light Source produces described 3rd laser beam during the described 3rd.
(22) 22th aspect of the present invention is that above-mentioned first method is to the tenth projection type video display apparatus related to any one of formula from all directions, wherein, spatial light modulator carries out time division modulation action, described time division modulation action is modulated according to the 1st image with the 1st primary components during the 1st, modulate according to the 2nd image with the 2nd primary components during the 2nd, modulate according to the 3rd image with the 3rd primary components during the 3rd, coherent source has the 1st LASER Light Source producing and have the 1st laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 1st primary colors, produce the 2nd LASER Light Source with the 2nd laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 2nd primary colors, generation has the 3rd LASER Light Source of the 3rd laser beam of the wavelength corresponding with described 3rd primary colors and the laser beam that these 3 LASER Light Source produce is synthesized to produce the light synthesizer synthesizing light beam, beam sweep device strafes the described synthesis light beam produced by described light synthesizer on hologram recording medium, in described hologram recording medium, the mode of reproduction image can be obtained respectively with each laser beam produced by described 3 LASER Light Source, record the picture of scatter plate as 3 kinds of holograms, described 1st LASER Light Source produces described 1st laser beam during the described 1st, described 2nd LASER Light Source produces described 2nd laser beam during the described 2nd, described 3rd LASER Light Source produces described 3rd laser beam during the described 3rd.
(23) 23th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in a kind of projection type video display apparatus, illumination light is being supplied to spatial light modulator and the illumination light after modulation is projected to screen to carry out the method for throwing light on to described spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that, have: the preparatory stage, by being recorded on recording medium as hologram by the picture of scatter plate, thus create hologram recording medium, and illumination phase, described spatial light modulator is configured in described scatter plate reproduction image generation position state under, coherent light beam is exposed on described hologram recording medium, and to make the time dependent mode of irradiation position strafe described light beam on described hologram recording medium, in the described preparatory stage, coherent illumination illumination is incident upon described scatter plate, the scattered light obtained from described scatter plate is used as object light, described recording medium will be exposed to along regulation light path and be used as reference light with the coherent light of described illumination light phase co-wavelength, the interference fringe formed by described object light and described reference light is recorded in described recording medium, thus create described hologram recording medium, in described illumination phase, strafed towards the mode of the irradiation position on described hologram recording medium by the light path of the light path along described reference light to have the light beam that can reproduce the wavelength of the picture of described scatterer.
(24) 24th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus that relates to of above-mentioned 23 mode, wherein, in the preparatory stage, the beam condenser of almost parallel coherent light is made by the focal convex lens of position tool being used in the convergent point of specifying, thus be created on the reference light that described convergent point is dimensionally assembled or the reference light dimensionally dispersed from described convergent point, and the reference light generated is used to carry out the record of interference fringe.
(25) 25th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus that relates to of above-mentioned 23 mode, wherein, in the preparatory stage, the cylindrical lens with the central shaft parallel with the optically focused axle of specifying is used to make the beam condenser of almost parallel coherent light on described optically focused axle, thus the reference light generating the point be focused at two-dimensionally on described optically focused axle or the reference light dispersed two-dimensionally from the point described optically focused axle, and the reference light generated is used to carry out the record of interference fringe.
(26) 26th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus that relates to of above-mentioned 23 mode, wherein, in the preparatory stage, the reference light be made up of parallel beam is used to carry out the record of interference fringe.
(27) 27th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus related to any one of above-mentioned 23 mode to the 26 mode, wherein, performed the process of preparatory stage by the simulation trial employing imaginary scatter plate, and computer-generated hologram is recorded in hologram recording medium.
(28) 28th aspect of the present invention is the means of illumination of the spatial light modulator in the projection type video display apparatus that relates to of above-mentioned 27 mode, wherein, in the plane multiple pointolite is arranged in cancellate model as imaginary scatter plate use.
(29) 29th aspect of the present invention is a kind of projection type video display apparatus, light is projected on screen to carry out the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that, possess: spatial light modulator, according to the image as display object, penetrate after the modulation corresponding with incoming position is implemented to the light injected; Lighting unit, to described spatial light modulator supply illumination light; And projection optics system, by the illuminated light guide after being modulated by described spatial light modulator to described screen, and by described image projection to described screen, described lighting unit has: coherent source, produces coherent light beam; Microlens array, is made up of the aggregate of multiple separate lenses; And beam sweep device, by described light beam irradiation to described microlens array, and strafe in the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of described light beam to described microlens array, the separate lenses forming described microlens array has respectively makes the anaclasis of irradiating from described beam sweep device to form the function of the irradiation area of specifying at the sensitive surface of described spatial light modulator, and the irradiation area being configured to be formed by any one separate lenses becomes roughly the same common region on described sensitive surface.
(30) 30th aspect of the present invention is the projection type video display apparatus that above-mentioned 29 mode relates to, wherein, beam sweep device makes the basic point of strafing that light beam is being specified bend and expose to microlens array and the bending state of described light beam is changed in time, thus the irradiation position of the light beam after bending to described microlens array is changed in time, the separate lenses forming described microlens array makes respectively from the described anaclasis of strafing basic point and injecting, and forms common irradiation area on the sensitive surface of spatial light modulator.
(31) the 31 mode of the present invention is a kind of projection type video display apparatus, project light onto on screen to carry out the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that, possess: spatial light modulator, according to the image as display object, penetrate after the modulation corresponding with incoming position is implemented to the light injected; Lighting unit, to described spatial light modulator supply illumination light; And projection optics system, by the illuminated light guide after being modulated by described spatial light modulator to described screen, and by described image projection to described screen, described lighting unit possesses: coherent source, produces coherent light beam; Beam sweep device, by controlling direction or the position of described light beam or both should carrying out beam sweep; And light diffusion element, make the beam spread injected and penetrate, the described light beam that described coherent source produces by described beam sweep device penetrates towards described light diffusion element, and strafe in the time dependent mode of the incoming position of described light beam to described light diffusion element, described light diffusion element has the beam spread that makes to inject to form the function of the irradiation area of specifying on the sensitive surface of spatial light modulator, and the irradiation area being configured to be formed becomes roughly the same common region on described sensitive surface, and have nothing to do with the incoming position of light beam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the arrangement plan that the optical system creating the inscape of projection type video display apparatus of the present invention and the process of hologram recording medium is shown.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the section S1 of the reference light L23 illustrated in the process shown in Fig. 1 and the position relationship of hologram light-sensitive medium 40.
Fig. 3 illustrates the vertical view of another section S2 of the reference light L23 in the process shown in Fig. 1 and the position relationship of hologram light-sensitive medium 40.
Fig. 4 is the magnified partial view of the surrounding of scatter plate 30 in the optical system shown in Fig. 1 and hologram light-sensitive medium 40.
Fig. 5 illustrates to use the hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the process shown in Fig. 1 to create to reproduce the figure of the process of the picture 35 of scatter plate.
Fig. 6 illustrates only to irradiate 1 light beam to reproduce the figure of the process of the picture 35 of scatter plate to the hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the process shown in Fig. 1 to create.
Fig. 7 illustrates only to irradiate 1 light beam to reproduce other figure of the process of the picture 35 of scatter plate to the hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the process shown in Fig. 1 to create.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of the irradiation position that light beam in the playback program shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is shown.
Fig. 9 is the side view of the formation that the lighting unit 100 that the projection type video display apparatus of basic embodiment of the present invention uses is shown.
Figure 10 illustrates to use the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 to throw light on the side view of state of lighting object thing 70.
Figure 11 is the vertical view of the formation that the projection type video display apparatus employing the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 is shown.
Figure 12 is the vertical view of the 1st example of the mode of strafing of the light beam illustrated in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 on hologram recording medium 45.
Figure 13 is the vertical view of the 2nd example of the mode of strafing of the light beam illustrated in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 on hologram recording medium 45.
Figure 14 is the vertical view of the 3rd example of the mode of strafing of the light beam illustrated in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 on hologram recording medium 45.
Figure 15 is the vertical view of the 4th example of the mode of strafing of the light beam illustrated in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 on hologram recording medium 45.
Figure 16 is the vertical view of the beam sweep mode that the situation employing banded hologram recording medium 85 is shown.
Figure 17 is the arrangement plan of the optical system of the process that the hologram recording medium 85 creating the band shape shown in Figure 16 is shown.
Figure 18 illustrates the side view utilizing the method for CGH to create the inscape of projection type video display apparatus of the present invention and the principle of hologram recording medium.
Figure 19 is the front elevation of the imaginary scatter plate 30 ' shown in Figure 18.
Figure 20 is the table of the experimental result of the reduction effect that the spot obtained by the present invention is shown.
Figure 21 is the figure of the configuration example illustrated by the light source used during projection type video display apparatus display color image of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the vertical view that spatial light modulator 200 by using during light source display color image shown in Figure 21 and light filter 250 are shown.
Figure 23 is the figure of another configuration example illustrated by projection type video display apparatus display color image of the present invention.
Figure 24 illustrates to use to assemble the side view that reference light creates the process of the hologram recording medium of reflection-type.
Figure 25 is the side view of the reproduction processes of the hologram recording medium 45 that the reflection-type after utilizing the method shown in Figure 24 to create is shown.
Figure 26 illustrates to use to assemble the side view that reference light creates the process of transmission-type hologram recording medium.
Figure 27 is the side view of the reproduction processes that the transmission-type hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the method shown in Figure 26 to create is shown.
Figure 28 illustrates to use to disperse the side view that reference light creates the preparation process of the situation of hologram recording medium.
Figure 29 is the side view of the reproduction processes that the preparation hologram recording medium 95 utilizing the preparation process of Figure 28 to create is shown.
Figure 30 illustrates to use to disperse the side view that reference light creates the process of reflection hologram recording medium.
Figure 31 illustrates to use to disperse the side view that reference light creates the process of transmission-type hologram recording medium.
Figure 32 is the side view that another preparation process used when dispersing reference light establishment hologram recording medium is shown.
Figure 33 be illustrate utilize the preparation process of Figure 32 to create the side view of reproduction processes of preparation hologram recording medium 95.
Figure 34 illustrates the arrangement plan creating the inscape of projection type video display apparatus of variation of the present invention and the optical system of the process of hologram recording medium.
Figure 35 is the side view of the basic comprising that the lighting unit 110 that the projection type video display apparatus of variation of the present invention uses is shown.
Figure 36 is the side view of the basic comprising that the lighting unit 120 that the projection type video display apparatus of another variation of the present invention uses is shown.
Figure 37 is the side view of the operating principle that the lighting unit 120 shown in Figure 36 is shown.
Embodiment
§ 1. hologram recording medium used in the present invention
First, the inscape as the projection type video display apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention is described and the feature of the hologram recording medium used.Fig. 1 is the arrangement plan of the optical system that the process creating this hologram recording medium is shown.By this optical system, create the hologram recording medium of the picture recording scatter plate.
Coherent source 10 shown on the right of figure is the light sources producing coherent light beam L10, in fact, uses the LASER Light Source producing the one-wavelength laser that section is circle.The coherent light beam L10 device 20 that is split that this LASER Light Source produces is divided into 2 bundles.That is, a part of the light beam L10 directly below of the figure that leads transmitted through optical splitter 20, all the other parts device 20 that is split reflects and as the left of light beam L20 guiding figure.
Light beam L10 transmitted through optical splitter 20 can realize the function of the object light Lobj producing scatter plate.That is, the light beam L10 advanced toward the below of figure is reflected as light beam L11 by catoptron 11, and, carry out enlarged diameter by beam expander 12, form parallel beam L12, expose to the whole region in the face on the right side of scatter plate 30.Scatter plate 30 is plates of the character with the light scattering making irradiation, is generally speaking called as optical diffusing plate.Herein shown in embodiment when, be used in the transmission-type scatter plate (such as, opal glass plate) that inside is mixed into the fine particle (scatterer of light) for making light scattering.Therefore, as diagram, expose to the parallel beam L12 of the right flank of scatter plate 30, penetrate as scattered light L30 from left surface transmitted through scatter plate 30.This scattered light L30 forms the object light Lobj of scatter plate 30.
On the other hand, the light beam L20 of the device 20 that is split reflection can realize the function producing reference light Lref.That is, the light beam L20 advanced from optical splitter 20 toward the left side of figure is reflected as light beam L21 by catoptron 21, then, carrys out enlarged diameter by beam expander 22, forms parallel beam L22, exposes to hologram light-sensitive medium 40 after the convex lens 23 that are focus reflect with a C.In addition, even if parallel beam L22 is not the set of strict parallel rays, as long as the set of almost parallel light, just out of question in practicality.Hologram light-sensitive medium 40 is the photonasty media for recording holographic image.The irradiation light L23 irradiated to this hologram light-sensitive medium 40 forms reference light Lref.
Its result, hologram light-sensitive medium 40 irradiates the object light Lobj and the reference light Lref that have scatter plate 30.Wherein, object light Lobj and the reference light Lref coherent light with identical wavelength X all for being produced by coherent source 10 (LASER Light Source), therefore records both interference fringes in hologram light-sensitive medium 40.In other words, in hologram light-sensitive medium 40, using the picture of scatter plate 30 as hologram record.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view that the section S1 of reference light L23 (Lref) shown in Fig. 1 and the position relationship of hologram light-sensitive medium 40 are shown.Carry out the parallel beam L22 after enlarged diameter by beam expander 22 and have circular section, it is coniform that therefore to utilize the reference light Lref of convex lens 23 optically focused to be converged to the focus C of lens be summit.But in the example shown in Fig. 1, hologram light-sensitive medium 40 is configured to the inclined relative to this circular cone, therefore the section S1 on surface cut-out reference light L23 (Lref) of hologram light-sensitive medium 40 becomes oval as shown in Figure 2.
As mentioned above, the example shown in Fig. 2, reference light Lref hologram light-sensitive medium 40 region-wide in be only irradiated in the region shown in figure bend, therefore the hologram of scatter plate 30 is only recorded in this hatched example areas.Certainly, if generate the larger parallel beam L22 of diameter by beam expander 22, and the convex lens 23 using diameter larger, then example as shown in Figure 3, also can comprise hologram light-sensitive medium 40 in the section S2 of reference light Lref.Now, as shown in figure bend, the hologram of scatter plate 30 is recorded in whole of hologram light-sensitive medium 40.When creating hologram recording medium used in the present invention, the either type of Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is used to carry out recording all can.
Then, the picture of further description scatter plate 30 is recorded in the optical processing on hologram light-sensitive medium 40.Fig. 4 is the magnified partial view of the surrounding of scatter plate 30 and hologram light-sensitive medium 40 in the optical system shown in Fig. 1.As mentioned above, reference light Lref is the light that the parallel beam L22 utilizing the convex lens 23 with focus C will have circular section assembles, and it is coniform that to be converged to focus C be summit.Therefore, below, this focus C is called convergent point.The reference light L23 (Lref) exposing to hologram light-sensitive medium 40, as diagram, becomes the light converging at this convergent point C.
On the other hand, the light (object light Lobj) sent from scatter plate 30 is scattered light, therefore towards various direction.Such as, as shown in the figure, if consider that object point Q1 is in the upper end of the left surface of scatter plate 30, then from this object point Q1 toward penetrating scattered light from all directions.Similarly, also to all the winds scattered light is penetrated from arbitrary object point Q2 or Q3.Therefore, put P1 arbitrarily in hologram light-sensitive medium 40, all record the information from the object light L31 of object point Q1, Q2, Q3, L32, L33 and the interference fringe towards the reference light Lref of convergent point C.Certainly, in fact, not only Q1, Q2, the Q3 of the object point on scatter plate 30, therefore, from all objects point on scatter plate 30 information equally as the interference fringe with reference light Lref information and be recorded.In other words, all information of scatter plate 30 are recorded at illustrated some P1.And, similarly, also record all information of scatter plate 30 at illustrated some P2.Like this, any portion in hologram light-sensitive medium 40 all records all information of scatter plate 30.This is the essence of hologram.
Therefore, in this approach, the hologram light-sensitive medium 40 recording the information of scatter plate 30 is called hologram recording medium 45.In order to reproduce this hologram recording medium 45 to obtain the hologram reconstruction picture of scatter plate 30, if using with the coherent light of light phase co-wavelength used during record from the direction corresponding with reference light Lref when recording as reproduction illumination.
Fig. 5 illustrates the figure using the hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the process shown in Fig. 4 to create to reproduce the process of the picture 35 of scatter plate.As shown in the figure, from below reproduction illumination light Lrep is irradiated to hologram recording medium 45.This reproduction illumination light Lrep is the coherent light dispersed as spherical wave from the pointolite being positioned at convergent point C, and its part is expanded into the coniform light simultaneously becoming irradiation hologram recording medium 45 as shown in figure.And the wavelength (that is, the wavelength of the coherent light that the coherent source 10 shown in Fig. 1 produces) during the record of this reproduction with the wavelength of illumination light Lrep and hologram recording medium 45 is equal.
Herein, the hologram light-sensitive medium 40 shown in the position relationship of the hologram recording medium 45 shown in Fig. 5 and convergent point C and Fig. 4 is identical with the position relationship of convergent point C.Therefore, the reproduction illumination light Lrep shown in Fig. 5 is corresponding with the light of the light path of the reverse reference light Rref shown in Fig. 4 that advances.If the reproduction illumination light Lrep meeting this condition is exposed to hologram recording medium 45, then obtained the hologram reconstruction of scatter plate 30 by its diffraction light L45 (Ldif) as 35 (with dotted line display in figure).Hologram light-sensitive medium 40 shown in the position relationship of the hologram recording medium 45 shown in Fig. 5 and reproduction image 35 and Fig. 4 is identical with the position relationship of scatter plate 30.
As mentioned above, the picture of arbitrary objects is recorded as hologram and the technology making it reproduce is the known technology be all the time actually applied.And, when creating general purpose hologram recording medium, use parallel beam as reference light Lref.The reference light Lref be made up of parallel beam is used to carry out the hologram recorded, as long as owing to also utilizing when reproducing the reproduction illumination light Lrep be made up of parallel beam, therefore, very convenient.
On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, if the light being focused at convergent point C is used as reference light Lref, then when reproducing, as shown in Figure 5, need the light dispersed from convergent point C to be used as reproduction illumination light Lrep.In fact, in order to obtain the reproduction illumination light Lrep shown in Fig. 5, need the optical system configurations of lens etc. at ad-hoc location.And, if the hologram recording medium 45 when reproducing is inconsistent with the position relationship of convergent point C with the hologram light-sensitive medium 40 during record with the position relationship of convergent point C, then cannot obtain correct reproduction image 35, thus define the lighting condition (if use parallel beam to carry out situation about reproducing, as long as then lighting condition irradiating angle meets) during reproduction.
For the above reasons, the hologram recording medium using the reference light Lref being focused at convergent point C to create is not suitable for general service.However, in the embodiment herein, the light being focused at convergent point C being used as the reason of reference light Lref is beam sweep when easily reproducing.That is, in Fig. 5, for convenience of description, show the method using the reproduction illumination light Lrep dispersed from convergent point C to generate the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30, but in the present invention, in fact, do not carry out employing the reproduction being illustratively expanded into cone shape reproduction illumination light Lrep.Replace, adopt the so-called method making beam sweep.Below, the method is described in detail.
Fig. 6 illustrates only to irradiate 1 light beam to the hologram recording medium 45 utilizing the process shown in Fig. 4 to create and the figure reproducing the process of the picture 35 of scatter plate 30.That is, in this instance, as reproduction illumination light Lrep, 1 light beam L61 from convergent point C towards the P1 of 1 in medium is only given.Certainly, light beam L61 has the coherent light with light phase co-wavelength during record.As with reference to Fig. 4 the explanation carried out, arbitrary some P1 in hologram recording medium 45 records the Global Information of scatter plate 30.Therefore, if irradiate reproduction illumination light Lrep with the position of condition to the some P1 of Fig. 6 corresponding with the reference light Lref used during record, then can only use the interference fringe be recorded near this P1 to generate the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30.Fig. 6 is the state illustrated by having reproduced reproduction image 35 from the diffraction light L45 (Ldif) of a P1.
On the other hand, Fig. 7 is the example only giving 1 light beam L62 of a P2 from convergent point C towards another in medium as reproduction illumination light Lrep.Now, the information of scatter plate 30 entirety is recorded at a P2, if therefore irradiate reproduction illumination light Lrep with the condition corresponding with the reference light Lref used during record to the position of a P2, then the interference fringe be recorded near this P2 can be only used to generate the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30.Fig. 7 illustrates the state by having reproduced reproduction image 35 from the diffraction light L45 (Ldif) of a P2.Reproduction image 35 shown in Fig. 6 and the reproduction image shown in Fig. 7 35 all with identical scatter plate 30 for original image, therefore become in theory same position generate same reproduction picture.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of the irradiation position that light beam in the reproduction processes shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is shown.The point P1 of some P1 and Fig. 6 of Fig. 8 is corresponding, and the some P2 of some P2 and Fig. 7 of Fig. 8 is corresponding.A1, A2 represent the section of reproduction illumination light Lrep respectively.The shape of section A1, A2 and size depend on shape and the size of the section of light beam L61, L62.And, also depend on the irradiation position on hologram recording medium 45.Herein, although conveniently illustrate circular section A1, A2, in fact, when employing light beam L61, the L62 with circular section, section shape becomes and becomes flat ellipse accordingly with irradiation position.
As mentioned above, although completely different from the content of each self-recording interference fringe near some P2 near the some P1 shown in Fig. 8, any point irradiated as the light beam of reproduction with illumination light Lrep, all obtains identical reproduction image 35 in same position.Its reason is, reproduction illumination light Lrep is the light beam from convergent point C towards each point P1, P2, therefore any point is all given to the reproduction illumination light Lrep in the direction corresponding with the direction of reference light Lref during record shown in Fig. 4.
Though only illustrate P1, P2 at 2 in Fig. 8, certain is all identical for the arbitrary point on hologram recording medium 45.Therefore, when having irradiated light beam to the arbitrary point on hologram recording medium 45, as long as this light beam is the light from convergent point C, then obtained identical reproduction image 35 in same position.But, as shown in Figure 2, only when the region (with the region of oblique line display in figure) of a part for hologram light-sensitive medium 40 have recorded hologram, reproduction image 35 can be obtained and be only limited to the situation of light beam has been irradiated to the point in this region.
Its result, the picture of scatter plate 30 is recorded as the medium of hologram for the reference light Lref being used in specific convergent point C and assembling by hologram recording medium 45 described herein, has and the light beam by this convergent point C is exposed to as reproduction illumination light Lrep the feature that optional position then produces the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30.Therefore, as reproduction illumination light Lrep, strafed on hologram recording medium 45 by the light beam of convergent point C if make, then the diffraction light Ldif by obtaining from each irradiated site makes identical reproduction image 35 be reproduced in same position.
The projection type video display apparatus of § 2. basic embodiment of the present invention
Feature of the present invention adopts the distinctive lighting unit with spot inhibit feature at projection type video display apparatus.Therefore, first, the side view of reference Fig. 9 illustrates the formation of the lighting unit 100 that the projection type video display apparatus of basic embodiment of the present invention adopts.As shown in the figure, this lighting unit 100 is made up of hologram recording medium 45, coherent source 50, beam sweep device 60.
Wherein, hologram recording medium 45 is the media of the feature had described in § 1, and records the picture 35 of scatter plate 30.And coherent source 50 produces the light source had with the coherent light beam L50 of the same wavelength of the light (object light Lobj and reference light Lref) used when creating hologram recording medium 45.
On the other hand, beam sweep device 60 bends with the basic point B that strafes that the light beam L50 by making coherent source 50 produce is specifying and expose to hologram recording medium 45 and the bending state of light beam L50 changed in time thus the device strafed of the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of light beam L60 to hologram recording medium 45 after making warpage.Generally speaking such device, is as strafing type mirror device and known device.In the drawings, for convenience of description, represent the bending state at moment t1 with dot-and-dash line, represent the bending state at moment t2 with double dot dash line.Namely, at moment t1, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and the some P (t1) of hologram recording medium 45 is exposed to as light beam L60 (t1), but at moment t2, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and exposes to the some P (t2) of hologram recording medium 45 as light beam L60 (t2).
In the drawings, for convenience of description, only be presented at the bending state of 2 time points of moment t1, t2, but in fact, during moment t1 ~ t2, the overbending direction of light beam changes smoothly, light beam L60 to the irradiation position of hologram recording medium 45 from the some P (t1) of figure to the mode slowly movement of P (t2).That is, during moment t1 ~ t2, the irradiation position of light beam L60 on hologram recording medium 45 from a P (t1) to P the mode of (t2) strafe.
Wherein, the position consistency of the position of basic point B and the convergent point C shown in Fig. 4 is strafed (in other words if make, if the hologram recording medium 45 making Fig. 9 is identical with the position relationship of convergent point C with hologram light-sensitive medium in the position relationship strafing basic point B and Fig. 4 40), then at each irradiation position of hologram recording medium 45, light beam L60 exposes to the direction (direction of the light path of reverse advance reference light Lref Fig. 4 shown in) corresponding with the reference light Rref shown in Fig. 4.Therefore, at each irradiation position of hologram recording medium 45, light beam L60 plays a role as the correct reproduction illumination light Lrep for reproducing the hologram being recorded in this.
Such as, at moment t1, by producing the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 from the diffraction light L45 (t1) of a P (t1), at moment t2, by producing the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 from the diffraction light L45 (t2) of a P (t2).Certainly, during moment t1 ~ t2, similarly produced the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 by the diffraction light of each position from illuminated light beam L60.That is, as long as light beam L60 is from strafing the light of basic point B towards hologram recording medium 45, then no matter light beam L60 exposes to any position on hologram recording medium 45, and by the diffraction light from irradiation position, identical reproduction image 35 is created on same position.
The reason producing this phenomenon is, as shown in Figure 4, in hologram recording medium 45, be used in specific convergent point C assemble reference light L23 using scatter plate 30 picture as hologram record, beam sweep device 60 carries out strafing of light beam 60 using this convergent point C as strafing basic point B.Certainly, even if stop strafing of beam sweep device 60, the irradiation position of light beam L60 is fixed on 1 point on hologram recording medium 45, still continues to produce identical reproduction image 35 in same position.However, strafing light beam 60 is to suppress speckle noise, without other reason.
Figure 10 illustrates to use the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 to throw light on the side view of state of lighting object thing 70.Lighting unit 100 is the devices playback light of the picture 35 of the scatter plate obtained from hologram recording medium 45 being used as illumination light.Herein, in order to the left surface of the lighting object thing 70 that thrown light on by lighting unit 100, as shown in the figure, the situation making the left surface of lighting object thing 70 position consistent with the left surface of the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate be configured with lighting object thing 70 is considered.Now, the left surface of lighting object thing 70 becomes sensitive surface R, and irradiates so far this light face R from the diffraction light of hologram recording medium 45.
Therefore, this sensitive surface R sets arbitrary starting point Q, and what kind of the diffraction light arriving this starting point Q of justing think is.First, at moment t1, the light beam L50 penetrated from coherent source 50 as figure chain lines be shown in and strafe basic point B and bend, and expose to a P (t1) as light beam L60 (t1).Then, the diffraction light L45 (t1) from a P (t1) arrives starting point Q.On the other hand, at moment t2, the light beam L50 penetrated from coherent source 50 as double dot dash line figure be shown in and strafe basic point B and bend, and expose to a P (t2) as light beam L60 (t2).Then, the diffraction light L45 (t2) from a P (t2) arrives starting point Q.
Its result, utilizes this diffraction light, and in the reproduction image that the position real estate of starting point Q is raw corresponding with the position of the starting point Q of scatter plate 30, but diffraction light is different from moment t2 at moment t1 relative to the incident angle of starting point Q.In other words, when having strafed light beam L60, though the reproduction image 35 be formed on sensitive surface R is constant, the incident angle that diffraction light arrives each point on sensitive surface R changes in time.Incident angle change so in time reduce spot point on there is very large contribution.
As mentioned above, produce the reason of spot once using coherent light and be, the coherent light reflected in each portion of sensitive surface R because of its high can interference capability and interfering with each other.But, in the present invention, by strafing of light beam L60, diffraction light to the incident angle in each portion of sensitive surface R through time change, therefore interference mode also through time variation, there is diversity.Therefore, produce the main cause of spot and disperseed in time, can relax constant observe to state of affairs physiology causing dysgenic mottled decorative pattern.This is that this is the favourable feature that the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 10 has.
Projection type video display apparatus of the present invention is the device using lighting unit 100 pairs of spatial light modulators with above-mentioned feature to throw light on to carry out image display on screen.Below, with reference to the top view illustration shown in Figure 11, it is formed and action.
As shown in figure 11, this projection type video display apparatus possesses lighting unit 100, spatial light modulator 200 and projection optics system 300, and has the function of carrying out image display on screen 400.Lighting unit 100 is the lighting units 100, Tu11Zhong shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, and spatial light modulator 200 is equivalent to lighting object thing 70.In addition, Fig. 9, Tu10Zhong, show the vertical view of projection type video display apparatus though lighting unit 100 is shown as side view, in Figure 11 for convenience of explanation.Therefore, when observing the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 11 from above, each inscape of the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10 is configured to illustrated state.
Spatial light modulator 200 is configured in and is suitable for accepting the position from the illumination of this lighting unit 100.If more specifically illustrate, the position relationship of adjustment lighting unit 100 and spatial light modulator 200 is to produce the hologram reconstruction of scatter plate 30 as 35 in the position being configured with spatial light modulator 200.Therefore, spatial light modulator 200 and reproduction image 35 spatially occupy same position.
As spatial light modulator 200, if such as use transmission-type liquid crystal micro-display, then can obtain modulation image on the picture of this display.Or, also transmission-type LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) element can be used as spatial light modulator 200.If projected to screen 400 by projection optics system 300 by the modulation picture obtained in the above described manner, then on screen 400, show the modulation picture after amplifying.This is the elemental motion principle of projection type video display apparatus shown here.
In addition, as spatial light modulator 200, reflective liquid crystal micro-display or reflective LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) element can also be used.Now, Tu11Zhong, change each inscape be configured to make lighting unit 100 can irradiate light from the oblique upper of spatial light modulator 200, and the reflected light from spatial light modulator 200 to be projected to screen 400 by projection optics system 300.When utilizing above-mentioned reflected light, as spatial light modulator 200, the MEMS element such as DMD (digital micro-mirror assembly: Digital Micromirror Device) also can be used.
As mentioned above, in the existing common projection type video display apparatus that make use of the coherent sources such as laser, produce the problem that spot occurs on screen.On the other hand, in the device shown in Figure 11, the spot occurred on screen can be suppressed significantly.Its 1st reason is, be recorded in the picture of the scatter plate of hologram recording medium 45 and the location overlap of spatial light modulator 200, and generate as hologram reconstruction real image 35, the 2nd reason is, this hologram reconstruction real image 35 is the pictures produced by beam sweep.Below, these reasons are described in detail.
For spatial light modulator 200, relative to the real device such as LCD micro-display, DMD, LCOS, hologram reconstruction real image 35 is reproduction image of optics.Therefore, both can repeated configuration in same space.In Figure 11, though depict only real spatial light modulator 200, overlap in this identical locus and have the hologram reconstruction real image 35 of the scatter plate reproduced by hologram recording medium 45.
But, the entity of the hologram reconstruction real image 35 obtained in the above described manner is by the coherent light by the interference fringe diffraction be formed on hologram recording medium 45, and spatial light modulator 200 accepts the illumination of above-mentioned coherent light and produces the modulation image of regulation simultaneously.Such as, use transmission-type liquid crystal micro-display as spatial light modulator 200 when, the gradation pattern as the illumination light after transmission display device can obtain modulation image.
Projection optics system 300 plays and the modulation image obtained in spatial light modulator 200 is in the above described manner projected to function on screen 400.If employ the situation of transmission-type liquid crystal micro-display as spatial light modulator 200, then the modulation image formed on the display is exaggerated and is projected on screen 400, to carry out image display.
The modulation image that spatial light modulator 200 obtains is projected to the optical system of the function on screen 400 if having by projection optics system 300, then what uses can.In figure, for convenience of description, show projection optics system 300 with a slice lens, but generally speaking, be made up of multi-disc lens, so that can focal length be regulated.In addition, illustrated example is the device that viewpoint is arranged in the front porjection type observed by front (below of Figure 11 screen 400) of screen 400, but also can be used as device (after the so-called projector) utilization that viewpoint is arranged in the rear porjection type observed by offside (top of Figure 11 screen 400) of screen 400.
Generally speaking, in the spot that projection type video display apparatus produces, there are the spot produced because of the light source side of illumination light and the spot produced because of screen side.The former is the spot comprised in the illumination light in spatial light modulator, and the main cause based on light source side produces.On the other hand, the latter is the spot produced because of the scattering on screen.
In technology disclosed in above-mentioned Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-208089 publication or Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-144936 publication, in light source side by illumination to scatter plate, and this scatter plate of rotary actuation or make it vibrate, to reduce the spot of light source side.But, in the method, although the spot produced because of light source side reduces, the spot produced because of screen side cannot be made to reduce.And, the problem of the mechanical drive system that scatter plate rotates or vibration needs are large-scale is also described.
In the present invention, the spot produced because of light source side can be made to reduce with the spot produced because of screen side.First, the spot produced because of light source side reduces is because carry out lighting space photomodulator 200 by the hologram reconstruction real image 35 of scatter plate.The modulation image generated by spatial light modulator 200 accepts the illumination of the hologram image 35 of scatter plate.The each point of original hologram image 35 is made up of each point light from hologram recording medium 45, therefore, and the irradiating angle variation of light.Therefore, by adopting the hologram reconstruction real image 35 of scatter plate as the lighting unit to spatial light modulator 200, the reduction of the spot produced because of light source side can be sought.
In the lighting unit 100 that the present invention uses, as shown in figure 11, light beam L60 is strafed to obtain reproduction image 35 to hologram recording medium 45, but in the problem reducing the spot produced because of light source side, not necessarily will carry out strafing of light beam.Namely, even if make light beam L65 static, an only place of prolonged exposure hologram recording medium 45, also pass through from the some region being recorded in the irradiation accepting light beam 65 (in the example herein, the border circular areas of diameter 1mm) the diffraction in each portion of interference fringe generate diversified reproduction image 35, therefore, the reduction effect of the spot produced because of light source side can be obtained.
However, in the present invention, specially strafing light beam L65 is to reduce the spot produced because of screen side.Below, with reference to Figure 11, this point is described.
In this Figure 11, for ease of illustrating, representing the light path of the light at moment t1 with dot-and-dash line, representing the light path of the light at moment t2 with double dot dash line.That is, at moment t1, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and exposes to the some P (t1) of hologram recording medium 45 as light beam L60 (t1).Then, according to the interference fringe of (in the point of light beam) that be recorded near this P (t1), the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate is formed in the position of spatial light modulator 200.Light L45 (t1) shown in figure chain lines represents the diffraction light for the formation of two-end-point E1, E2 of above-mentioned reproduction image 35.
This diffraction light L45 (t1) after through spatial light modulator 200, by projection optics system 300, and as shown in figure chain lines, irradiates on screen 400 as projected light L300 (t1).Point G1, G2 shown in figure are the subpoint corresponding with two-end-point E1, E2 of reproduction image 35 respectively.
Then, the action of moment t2 light is considered.At moment t2, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and exposes to the some P (t2) of hologram recording medium 45 as the light beam L60 (t2) shown in double dot dash line.Then, according to the interference fringe of (in the point of light beam) that be recorded near this P (t2), the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate is formed in the position of spatial light modulator 200.Light L45 (t2) in figure shown in double dot dash line represents the diffraction light for the formation of two-end-point E1, E2 of above-mentioned reproduction image 35.
This diffraction light L45 (t2) after through spatial light modulator 200, by projection optics system 300, and as shown in double dot dash line in figure, irradiates on screen 400 as projected light L300 (t2).Point G1, G2 shown in figure are the subpoint corresponding with two-end-point E1, E2 of reproduction image 35 respectively.As shown in the figure, the position consistency of the position of subpoint G1, G2 of moment t1 and subpoint G1, G2 of moment t2.Certainly to consider projection optics system 300 to be adjusted to and the image zoom in spatial light modulator 200 to be projected on screen 400 and reproduction image 35 is created on the position of spatial light modulator 200.That is, no matter from where to lighting space photomodulator 200, screen 400 still forms its intensified image.
Its result, even if strafe light beam L60 by beam sweep device 60, the position of two-end-point E1, E2 subpoint G1, G2 on screen of reproduction image 35 is still constant, and the Nonlinear magnify in spatial light modulator 200 is projected in the invariant position on screen 400.But if be conceived to a bit on screen 400, then the incident angle of known projection light is diversified.The diversified reason of incident angle of the diffraction light of the arrival starting point Q shown in this with Figure 10 is identical.That is, between the incident angle and the incident angle of moment t2 projection light of moment t1 projection light, subpoint G1 is produced to the difference of deviation θ 1 degree, subpoint G2 is produced to the difference of deviation θ 2 degree.
As mentioned above, by sweep illumination to the light beam L60 of hologram recording medium 45, the incident angle arriving the projection light of each point on screen 400 changes in time.Like this, if make incident angle change in time, then the surface of screen 400 produce interference mode also through time variation, there is diversity.Therefore, produce the main cause of spot and disperseed in time, perseverance can be relaxed and observe on physiology and cause dysgenic mottled decorative pattern.This is the reason that the spot produced because of screen side reduces.
Therefore, in projection type video display apparatus of the present invention, the spot produced because of light source side and the spot produced because of screen side can be reduced.And can realize beam sweep device 60 with more small-sized device, therefore, the known devices rotating with making scatter plate or vibrate compares, and can make lighting unit 100 miniaturization, also power consumption can be suppressed to lower.
The detailed description in each portion of § 3. lighting unit
Lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9, as described in § 2, is made up of hologram recording medium 45, coherent source 50, beam sweep device 60.Herein, be described in detail for these inscapes.
3-1. coherent source
First, as coherent source 50, use the light source generating and have with the coherent light beam L50 of the same wavelength of the light (object light Lobj and reference light Lref) used when creating hologram recording medium 45.But the wavelength of the light beam L50 that coherent source 50 produces does not need identical with the wavelength of the light used when creating hologram recording medium 45, as long as approximate wavelength can obtain the reproduction image of hologram.In a word, as long as coherent source used in the present invention 50 generates the light source of the coherent light beam L50 of the wavelength with the picture 35 that can reproduce scatterer.
In fact, the light source identical with the coherent source 10 shown in Fig. 5 directly can be used as coherent source 50.When embodiment shown here, DPSS (diode-pumped solid state: the Diode Pumped Solid State) laser aid that can penetrate the laser of wavelength X=532nm (green) uses as coherent source 50.Can obtain the laser of the expectation wavelength of higher output while that DPSS laser instrument being small-sized, therefore, be the coherent source being suitable for being used in lighting unit 100 of the present invention.
This DPSS laser aid, compared with general semiconductor laser, coherent length is longer, therefore easily produces spot, is considered to be unsuitable for for illumination in the past.That is, in the past, in order to reduce spot, make great efforts to make the width of the oscillation wavelength of laser increase and shorten coherent length as far as possible.On the other hand, in the present invention, even if use the light source that coherent length is long, by above-mentioned principle, also effectively can suppress the generation of spot, therefore, even if DPSS laser aid is used as light source, in practicality, the generation of spot also can not become problem.In this, if utilize the present invention, the effect of the range of choice of light source can be further increased.
3-2. beam sweep device
Beam sweep device 60 is for having the device of the function of strafing light beam on hologram recording medium 45.Herein, illustrate that this beam sweep device 60 carries out the concrete grammar of beam sweep.Figure 12 is the vertical view of the 1st example of the mode of strafing of the light beam illustrated in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9 on hologram recording medium 45.In this embodiment, as hologram recording medium 45, use the medium of width D a=12mm, height Db=10mm, as the light beam L60 strafed on the medium, use the laser beam with the circular section of diameter 1mm.As shown in the figure, adopt following method, namely identical with strafing of electric wire in CRT, the irradiation position of light beam L60 region A1S from the 1st row is strafed in the horizontal direction, then to end region A1E, from the 2nd row, region A2S strafes in the horizontal direction to end region A2E,, finally, from n-th line, region AnS strafes in the horizontal direction to end region AnE, return the beginning region A1S of the 1st row again, repeatedly same operation.
Strafe in method shown in this Figure 12, the whole face of hologram recording medium 45 is subject to strafing of light beam, but in the present invention, not necessarily without strafing whole of hologram recording medium 45 with omitting.Such as, Figure 13 only carries out strafing strafing of odd-numbered line in method and omitting the example strafed of even number line shown in Figure 12.As mentioned above, if interlacing is strafed, then the hologram information being recorded in the subregion of hologram recording medium 45 is helpless to the reproduction of picture completely, however also can not produce special problem.Figure 14 is the example that more extreme method of strafing is shown, at the middle position of vertical high Db, repeatedly carry out from region A1S to end region A1E only strafe the operation of a line in the horizontal direction.
Certainly, the setting of strafing direction also freely, also after carrying out the strafing of the 1st row from left to right, can carry out strafing of the 2nd row from right to left.And, strafe direction and be not limited to straight line, also can strafe in the mode describing circle on hologram recording medium 45.
In addition, example as shown in Figure 2, only irradiates the situation that reference light Lref records, at other region (outside white space) not recorded hologram to the subregion (hatched example areas) of hologram light-sensitive medium 40.Now, if the white space strafing outside is retouched, reproduction image 35 cannot be obtained, therefore, throw light on temporarily dimmed.Therefore, in practicality, preferably only strafe in the region recording hologram.
As mentioned above, light beam strafing on hologram recording medium 45 is undertaken by beam sweep device 60.This beam sweep device 60 has makes the light beam L50 from coherent source 50 bend and expose to the function of hologram recording medium 45 strafing basic point B (convergent point C during hologram record).And, with by making this bending state (direction of bending and the size of bending angle) change in time thus making the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of light beam L60 to hologram recording medium 45 after bending strafe.The device with this function is used in various optical system as strafing type mirror device.
Such as, in the example shown in Fig. 9, as beam sweep device 60, for convenience of description, only describe the figure of catoptron, but in fact possess the driving mechanism that this catoptron is rotated at biaxially oriented.Namely, when by strafe basic point B be set in the reflecting surface of illustrated catoptron center and define strafe basic point B V axle orthogonal on the reflecting surface and W axle by this, possess and make this catoptron around the mechanism that V axle (axle vertical with the paper of figure) rotates and the mechanism to rotate around W axle (axle represented by dashed line in figure).
As above-mentioned, if use the catoptron that independently can rotate around V axle and W axle, then the light beam L60 after reflection can strafe in hologram recording medium 45 upward horizon direction and vertical direction.Such as, in said mechanism, if make reflected light rotate around V axle, then on the hologram recording medium 45 shown in Figure 12, the irradiation position of light beam L60 can be strafed in the horizontal direction, if rotate around W axle, then can strafe in the vertical direction.
In a word, if beam sweep device 60 has with the function comprising the mode of the plane of strafing basic point B being carried out oscillating motion and make light beam L60 bend, then can on hologram recording medium 45 at one-dimensional square to the irradiation position strafing light beam L60.Example as shown in figure 14, only carries out strafing light beam if apply in the horizontal direction, then beam sweep device 60 has at one-dimensional square namely enough to the function of the beam irradiation position strafed on hologram recording medium 45.
On the other hand, on hologram recording medium 45, strafe the irradiation position of light beam L60 at two-dimensional directional if apply to, beam sweep device 60 is then made to have to make light beam L60 to strafe function that mode that the 1st plane of basic point B carries out oscillating motion bends (in Fig. 9 comprising, if make catoptron rotate around V axle, then light beam L60 carries out oscillating motion in the plane contained by paper) and to make light beam L60 strafe basic point B and the function that bends of the mode that 2nd plane orthogonal with the 1st plane carries out oscillating motion (in Fig. 9 comprising, if make catoptron rotate around W axle, then light beam L60 carries out oscillating motion in the plane vertical with paper).
As at one-dimensional square to type of the strafing mirror device of irradiation position strafing light beam, utilize polygonal mirror widely.And, as type of the strafing mirror device for strafing at two-dimensional directional, can by 2 groups of polygonal mirror combinations, the devices such as known universal mirror (gimbal mirror), current mirror, MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) mirror.Moreover except common mirror device, total reflection prism, refracting prisms, photoelectric crystal (KTN (potassium tantalate-niobate) crystal etc.) also can be used as beam sweep device 60.
In addition, if the footpath of light beam L60 is close to the size of hologram recording medium 45, then damages the effect suppressing spot, therefore must notice.The situation of the example shown in Figure 12 ~ Figure 14, as above-mentioned, width D a=12mm, height Db=10mm, the light beam L60 of hologram recording medium 45 are laser beam of the circular section with diameter 1mm.This size condition fully can obtain the effect suppressing spot.Its reason is, on hologram recording medium 45, arbitrary region is all only temporarily subject to the irradiation of light beam L60, can not continue injection diffraction light from same area.
But such as, the situation of the example shown in Figure 15, when having irradiated the light beam had close to the diameter of hologram recording medium 45 size, can form the region (figure bend part) continuing injection diffraction light.That is, even if make the irradiation position of light beam L60 region A1S from the 1st row strafe in the horizontal direction to end region A1E, figure bend region a1 perseverance is subject to the irradiation of light beam.Similarly, even if region AnS strafes in the horizontal direction to end region AnE from n-th line, region a2 is the permanent irradiation being subject to light beam also.And if consider strafing of vertical direction, then for the beginning region of each row, region a3 becomes the region of repetition, and for the end region of each row, region a4 becomes the region of repetition, even if therefore change the row strafed, always be also subject to the irradiation of light beam.
Its result, about these hatched example areas, cannot obtain the benefit of beam sweep, continues injection diffraction light.Its result, the diffraction light that from then on region of sample sends continues to incide on the sensitive surface R of lighting object thing with equal angular, becomes the main cause producing spot.Therefore, the diameter of light beam L60 should not arrive greatly the size close to hologram recording medium 45.
This kind of evils, when by strafe spacing setting become be less than the diameter of light beam L60 also can produce.Such as, the spacing setting of strafing of longitudinal direction becomes the example with the equal diameters of light beam L60, Figure 13 to be that longitudinal direction strafed the example that spacing setting becomes light beam L60 diameter 2 times by Figure 12.As mentioned above, if be more than the diameter of light beam by the spacing setting of strafing of longitudinal direction (pair strafes direction), then the swept area of the i-th row and the swept area of (i+1) row can not be repeated, if but strafe the diameter of the not enough light beam of spacing, then produce repeat region, and the main cause of above-mentioned spot generation may be become.
And slow speed of strafing also becomes the main cause that spot produces.Such as, even if need the jogging speed of 1 hour to strafe to strafe 1 row, viewed from the temporal resolution viewpoint human vision, be equal to and strafe, and pick out spot.Reduce spot by strafing light beam, as mentioned above, be because be radiated at each portion of sensitive surface R light incident angle through time variation.Therefore, in order to the spot fully obtaining beam sweep reduces effect, make the time of the identical interference fringe of maintenance becoming the reason producing spot shorter than the temporal resolution of human vision.
Generally speaking, the gauge of the temporal resolution in human vision is 1/20 ~ 1/30 second degree, if the rest image more than 1 second time prompting 20 ~ 30 frame, then the mankind can be recognized as smooth animation.If consider this point, then when setting the diameter of light beam as d, strafe with the speed of strafing of the distance at 1/20 ~ 1/30 second more than d that the advances speed of 20d ~ 30d (second speed), then can obtain sufficient spot inhibition.
3-3. hologram recording medium
About hologram recording medium 45, illustrate at § 1 and manufactured process in detail.That is, as long as hologram recording medium 45 used in the present invention is used in the medium of feature that the picture of scatter plate 30 is recorded as hologram by reference light that specific convergent point C assembles.Therefore, the form being suitable for being applied in concrete hologram recording medium of the present invention is being herein illustrated.
Hologram has several physics modes.Present inventor thinks that for for the present invention, volume hologram most preferably.Especially, the most applicable use make use of the volume hologram of photopolymer.
Generally speaking, the hologram being used as false proof sheet in cash card or cash certificate etc. is called as surface relief (relief) type hologram, is carried out the record of Fringes of A Hologram by the sag and swell on surface.Certainly, except implementing the present invention, also can utilize the hologram recording medium 45 (generally speaking, being called as hologram diffusing globe (diffuser)) of the picture of scatter plate 30 as surface-embossed holographic figure record.But when this surface-embossed holographic figure, the scattering that the sag and swell due to surface causes may become new spot and produce main cause, therefore not preferred from the viewpoint reducing spot.And in surface-embossed holographic figure, owing to producing repeatedly diffraction light, therefore diffraction efficiency reduces, moreover diffraction property (angle of diffraction can be made to increase to the performance of which kind of degree) also has the limit.
On the other hand, in volume hologram, owing to carrying out the record of Fringes of A Hologram as the index distribution of media interior, the impact of the scattering that the sag and swell that therefore can not be subject to surface causes.And generally speaking, also comparatively surface-embossed holographic figure is excellent for diffraction efficiency or diffraction property.Therefore, when implementing of the present invention, the picture of scatter plate 30 is recorded as the medium of volume hologram is the most applicable is used as hologram recording medium 45.
But, even volume hologram, carry out the scattering that in the type recorded, silver salt particle causes owing to utilizing the light-sensitive medium containing silver salt material and likely become new spot generation main cause, therefore preferably avoid.For reason given above, present inventor thinks as the hologram recording medium 45 utilized in the present invention, it is desirable to the volume hologram employing photopolymer.The above-mentioned concrete chemical composition employing the volume hologram of photopolymer is disclosed in such as Jap.P. No. 2849021 publication.
But for this point of production, surface-embossed holographic figure specific volume type hologram is excellent.Surface-embossed holographic figure, has the master of sag and swell by creating surface, and carries out the pressurization processing employing this master, thus can carry out the volume production of medium.Therefore, when manufacturing cost must be reduced, utilize surface-embossed holographic figure.
And as the physical aspect of hologram, the Modulation and Amplitude Modulation type hologram that have recorded interference fringe in the plane as gradation pattern is also widely spread.But this Modulation and Amplitude Modulation type hologram is low and carry out the absorption of light with dense pattern part due to diffraction efficiency, therefore for time of the present invention, cannot guarantee sufficient illumination efficiency.But in this manufacturing process, due to the easy method of printing gradation pattern in the plane can be adopted, therefore in manufacturing cost, there is advantage.Therefore, according to purposes, the present invention also can adopt Modulation and Amplitude Modulation type hologram.
In addition, in the recording method shown in Fig. 1, though create the hologram recording medium of so-called Fresnel type, also can create and utilize scioptics record scatter plate 30 and the hologram recording medium of Fourier transform type that obtains.Now, as required, also can lens be set in the light path of diffraction light L45 and carry out optically focused, to promote illumination efficiency, even if but the function as lighting unit 100 also fully can be realized without lens.
The variation of § 4. lighting unit of the present invention
Hereto, for basic embodiment, describe lighting device of the present invention.The feature of this basic embodiment is, as shown in Figure 9, uses lighting unit 100 pairs of spatial light modulators 200 with inherent feature to throw light on.
When utilizing lighting unit 100 to throw light on, first, carry out by be recorded in scatter plate 30 on recording medium 40 as hologram as 35 thus to create the preparatory stage of hologram recording medium 45, going forward side by side to exercise is used in hologram recording medium 45 that this preparatory stage creates to form lighting device 100 with to hologram recording medium 45 irradiating coherent light beam L60 and making the illumination phase that the time dependent mode of irradiation position makes light beam L60 strafe on hologram recording medium 45.
Now, in the preparatory stage, as shown in Figure 1, coherent illumination light L12 is irradiated to scatter plate 30, the scattered light L30 obtained from scatter plate 30 is used as object light Lobj.And, be irradiated to recording medium 40 along regulation light path, the coherent light L23 with illumination light L12 phase co-wavelength is used as reference light Lref.Then, the interference fringe formed by object light Lobj and reference light Lref is recorded in recording medium 40, thus creates hologram recording medium 45.And, in illumination phase, as shown in Figure 9, to carry out strafing (in other words towards the mode of the irradiation position on hologram recording medium 45 by the light path along reference light Lref light path with the light beam L60 of reference light Lref phase co-wavelength (maybe can make the approximate wavelength of hologram reconstruction), light beam L60 is given from the direction with reference light Lref optical conjugate), using the playback light of the picture 35 of the scatter plate 30 that obtains from hologram recording medium 45 as illumination light.
Herein, the lighting unit 100 for above-mentioned basic embodiment illustrates multiple variation.
The hologram recording medium of 4-1. premised on one dimension is strafed
In the establishment process of the hologram recording medium shown in Fig. 1, make parallel beam L22 optically focused by convex lens 23 (the focal lens of position tool at convergent point C), and expose to medium 40 as reference light Lref.That is, along the side of the circular cone that is summit with convergent point C (in theory, radius circular cone different from each other infinitely exists), the reference light Lref using three-dimensional to be focused at convergent point C records the picture of scatter plate 30.
As mentioned above, the reason of the three-dimensional reference light Lref assembled is used to be, in the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9, in order to obtain from strafing the basic point B three-dimensional light path of dispersing, strafe premised on (rotation around V axle of facetted mirrors with around W axle strafe light beam rotationally) to make light beam L60 three-dimensional.In addition, making light beam L60 three-dimensional strafe is to make the irradiation position two dimension of the light beam on hologram recording medium 45 strafe (in Figure 12, for carrying out strafing of transverse direction and strafing of longitudinal direction).
But the irradiation position strafing the light beam on hologram recording medium 45 not necessarily will carry out two-dimensionally.Such as, Figure 14 shows the example that light beam is only strafed in the horizontal direction.Like this, if to make premised on the irradiation position one dimension of light beam strafes, then hologram recording medium also creates with such prerequisite is rational.Specifically, if premised on one dimension is strafed, then replace creating the hologram recording medium 45 shown in Figure 14, as long as it is enough for the hologram recording medium 85 of the band shape of establishment shown in Figure 16.
Employ this hologram recording medium 85 when, as long as strafing of beam sweep device 60 strafes the amount of 1 row from the starting area A1S of left end to the land A1E of right-hand member repeatedly.Now, also repeatedly can strafe the amount of 1 row from left to right, the to-and-fro movement of strafing of turning left from the right side again after also can strafing from left to right.When the light beam L60 used is the laser beam of the circular section with diameter 1mm, the height Db=1mm of the hologram recording medium 85 shown in Figure 16 is made to be that it is enough.Therefore, compared with using the situation of the hologram recording medium 45 shown in Figure 14, can seek to save space, device integral miniaturization can be made.
The hologram recording medium 85 premised on one dimension is strafed although it is so can use the optical system shown in Fig. 1 to create, but replaces it also can use the optical system shown in Figure 17 to create.In optical system shown in this Figure 17, convex lens 23 in optical system shown in Fig. 1 are replaced with cylindrical lens 24, and the hologram light-sensitive medium 40 with rectangle plane being replaced with the hologram light-sensitive medium 80 with elongated, belt-shaped plane, other inscape is then constant.The width D a of hologram light-sensitive medium 80 is identical with the width of hologram light-sensitive medium 40, but the degree that its height Db (with the width of paper vertical direction in Figure 17) is the diameter of light beam (in upper routine situation, about 1mm).
Cylindrical lens 24 is the lens with the periphery with the central shaft vertical with the paper of Figure 17, and defines optically focused axle by convergent point C and vertical with paper in fig. 17, now, can realize the function of parallel beam L22 optically focused at this optically focused axle.But consider from the character of cylindrical lens, the refraction of light only produces in the plane parallel with paper, and the refraction to the direction vertical with paper can not occur.In other words, comprise convergent point C if be conceived to and the plane (paper of Figure 17) of orthogonality of center shaft with the cylinder of cylindrical lens, then given by as reference light Lref along the light L24 that this planar is assembled.
As mentioned above, when mentioning " light is assembled at convergent point C " in the application, not only refer to that the three-dimensional of the convex lens 23 shown in optical system of Fig. 1 is assembled, also refer to that the two dimension of the cylindrical lens 24 shown in optical system of Figure 17 is assembled.In addition, when creating the illustrative hologram recording medium 85 premised on one dimension is strafed of Figure 16, as shown in the optical system of Figure 17, also can use with having with the appointment optically focused axle by convergent point C (in legend situation, by convergent point C and the axle vertical with paper) cylindrical lens 24 on the face of cylinder of parallel central shaft by the light beam L22 optically focused of almost parallel coherent light on this optically focused axle, light L24 two dimension being focused at convergent point C is used as reference light Lref, the hologram image of record scatter plate 30.
4-2. comprises the hologram recording medium of CGH
The establishment process of the hologram recording medium so far illustrated is irradiated light to hologram light-sensitive medium practically and the chemical change by light-sensitive medium fixed the pure optical means of the interference fringe now produced.On the other hand, recently, established and simulated this kind of optical processing on computers, calculated the information of interference fringe and the method its result be fixed on certain physical method on medium by computing.The hologram in this way created is commonly referred to as computer-generated hologram (CGH:Computer Generated Hologram).
The hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium used in the present invention can be such computer-generated hologram.Namely, also can substitute and create hologram recording medium by the optical processing described in § 1, perform the simulation trial of imaginary object light and the imaginary reference light employed from imaginary scatter plate, obtain the information of the interference fringe produced on imaginary record surface, and this information is recorded on medium with physical method, to create computer-generated hologram.
Figure 18 illustrates the side view creating the inscape of lighting unit of the present invention and the principle of hologram recording medium by the method for CGH, and the method for the optical phenomena shown in simulation drawing 4 is on computers shown.Herein, the imaginary scatter plate 30 ' shown in Figure 18 is corresponding with the real scatter plate 30 shown in Fig. 4, and the imaginary record surface 40 ' shown in Figure 18 is corresponding with the real hologram light-sensitive medium 40 shown in Fig. 4.Illustrated object light Lobj is the imaginary light sent from imaginary scatter plate 30 ', and illustrated reference light Lref is the imaginary light with this object light Lobj phase co-wavelength.Reference light Lref is identical with the method hereto described on this aspect of light of convergent point C convergence.To each point on record surface 40 ', the information of the interference fringe of computing this imaginary object light Lobj and reference light Lref.
In addition, as imaginary scatter plate 30 ', such as, also can use the trickle three-dimensional shape model showed with polyhedron etc., but use herein and in the plane multiple pointolite D is arranged in cancellate simple model.Figure 19 is the front elevation of the imaginary scatter plate 30 ' shown in Figure 18, and little Bai circle represents pointolite D respectively.As shown in the figure, multiple pointolite D is arranged in clathrate with transverse direction spacing Pa, longitudinal direction spacing Pb.Spacing Pa, Pb are the parameters of the surface roughness determining scatter plate.
The spacing Pa of pointolite D, Pb are set to that the size of about 10 μm is with the information of computing in the upper interference fringe produced of record surface 40 ' by present inventor respectively, according to its result, form relief pattern at real dielectric surface, create the CGH of surface relief type.So, constitute the lighting unit 100 this CGH being used as hologram recording medium 45, obtain the good illumination environment suppressing spot.
Figure 20 illustrates to utilize to present invention obtains the table that spot reduces the experimental result of effect.Generally speaking, as representing the parameter producing the degree of spot on sensitive surface, propose have use to be called the method for the numerical value of speckle contrast (unit: %).This speckle contrast is the amount of the value that the standard deviation being defined as luminance deviation reality produced under the condition that should realize uniform luminance distribution obtains divided by the mean value of brightness.The value of this speckle contrast means that more greatly the spot generation degree on sensitive surface is larger, and for observer, mottled brightness disproportionation pattern is more remarkable.
Figure 20 indicates for the lighting unit 100 utilized shown in Figure 11 or for the existing apparatus lighting unit with its contrast, the result of speckle contrast when being determined at test pattern image screen 400 showing and originally should be uniform luminance distribution.Measurement example 1 ~ 3 is the result that the identical DPSS laser aid that can penetrate green laser is used as the coherent source 50 in lighting unit 100.In addition, the spread angle (from the point hologram recording medium towards the maximum angle of reproduction image 35) of hologram recording medium that measurement example 2,3 uses under any circumstance all is set to 20 °.
First, measurement result shown in measurement example 1 uses to utilize beam expander to be amplified by the light beam L50 from coherent source 50 to become parallel beam and substituted by this parallel beam (parallel laser light) direct irradiation to the Analytical system of spatial light modulator 200 and use the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 11, the result of gained.In the case, it is as shown in the table, and obtaining speckle contrast is the result of 20.1%.Can observe the state of mottled brightness disproportionation pattern by highly significant when this is visual inspection screen 400, be the grade being unsuitable for practical room lighting.
On the other hand, the measurement result shown in measurement example 2 and 3 is and utilizes the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 11 to carry out the result of throwing light on.Herein, measurement example 2 utilizes the result using the volume hologram of optical means establishment as hologram recording medium 45, and measurement example 3 utilizes above-mentioned surface relief type CGH as the result of hologram recording medium 45.All obtain the speckle contrast less than 4%, when this is visual inspection, almost do not observe the extremely good state (generally speaking, if speckle contrast's value is less than 5%, then observer can not produce unjoyful sense) of brightness disproportionation pattern.Therefore, as hologram recording medium 45, make use of and all can be formed fully practical projectiveness image display with the situation of the volume hologram of optical means establishment with the situation that make use of surface relief type CGH.The result (3.0%) of measurement example 2 than measurement example 3 result (3.7%) better reason can think that the resolution as the real scatter plate 30 of original image is higher than the resolution of imaginary scatter plate 30 ' (aggregate of the pointolite shown in Figure 19).
The last measurement result shown in measurement example 4 be use by the light direct irradiation of the LED light source from green to spatial light modulator 200 Analytical system substitute use lighting unit 100, the result of gained.Due to script LED light source and incoherent light source, therefore do not need the problem considering that spot produces, it is as shown in the table, and obtaining speckle contrast is the good result of 4.0%.The reason that the result employing the measurement example 4 of incoherent light comparatively employs the result difference of the measurement example 2,3 of coherent light can be thought because the trimmed book body that LED light source sends produces brightness disproportionation.
The display of 4-3. coloured image
The embodiment hereto described is all the example of the projection type video display apparatus used as coherent source by monochromatic laser light source, and the image that screen 400 obtains is called the monochromatic image of answering with the Color pair of this laser.But, in general projection type video display apparatus, preferably can color display.Therefore, herein, the configuration example of the projection type video display apparatus of several energy color display is described.The basic comprising of the part of any one lighting unit is identical with the embodiment hereto illustrated.
(1) the 1st configuration example
In order to color display, the three primary colors of regulation R (red), G (green), B (indigo plant), also can be presented at the single image overlap of these each primary colors on screen.In the 1st configuration example herein, as the coherent source 50 in the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 11, adopt the light source of the synthesis light beam after the three primary color components generating synthesis R, G, B, and adopt the method for the illumination to spatial light modulator 200 comprising three primary color components.
Figure 21 is the pie graph of the example that this coherent source 50 is shown.This device has 3 primary colors synthesis of red, green, blue with the function producing white light beam.Namely, the green laser beam L (G) that the red laser beam L (R) produced by red laser light source 50R with dichroic prism (dichroic prism) 15 and green laser light source 50G produce synthesizes, then, synthesize with the blue laser beam L (B) that dichroic prism 16 couples of blue laser light source 50B produce, thus the synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) of white can be produced.
On the other hand, the beam sweep device 60 shown in Figure 11 makes the synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) produced in this way bend and strafe on hologram recording medium 45.Hologram recording medium 45 in advance respectively use and above-mentioned 3 LASER Light Source 50R, 50G, 50B produce laser beam L (R), L (G), L (B) phase co-wavelength (or approximate wavelength) light, by scatter plate 30 as 35 pre-recorded be 3 kinds of holograms.So, obtain diffraction light from hologram recording medium 45 respectively for each colour content of R, G, B, produce the reproduction image 35 for each colour content of R, G, B in same position, obtain white reproduction image.
In addition, the hologram recording medium recording the picture of scatter plate 30 is created in order to use the light of R, G, B tri-kinds of colors, such as, the process of the dyestuff (pigment) of photosensitive one-tenth R coloured light, the photosensitive dyestuff of one-tenth G coloured light, hologram light-sensitive medium that the dyestuff of photosensitive one-tenth B coloured light similarly distributes and above-mentioned synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) recorded hologram can be carried out using.And, can use comprise be laminated with photosensitive one-tenth R coloured light the 1st photographic layer, the 2nd photographic layer of photosensitive one-tenth G coloured light, the 3rd photographic layer of photosensitive one-tenth B coloured light the hologram light-sensitive mediums of 3 layers of structure.Or, also above-mentioned 3 photographic layers can be prepared as different medium, use the light of color corresponding respectively to carry out the record of hologram respectively, finally, the hologram recording medium of structure that this 3 laminating conjunction formation tool is had three layers.
Its result, comprises the illumination light of each colour content of R, G, B to spatial light modulator 200 supply shown in Figure 11.Therefore, in the pre-defined pixel arrangement be configured in spatially of spatial light modulator 200, arbitrary primary colors of three primary colors R, G, B and each pixel are produced associate corresponding, there is the function that each pixel carries out the modulation of light independently.Such as, the spatial light modulator 200 shown in left side of Figure 22 is define two-dimensional pixel in the plane arrange and make the example that the pixel of three primary colors R, G, B is similarly distributed.Such as, when be made up of liquid crystal display this spatial light modulator 200, illustrated each pixel has the function that the orientation of liquid crystal can be utilized to control the element of penetrability independently.
On the other hand, make the chromatic filter 250 shown in the right side of Figure 22 overlapping with this spatial light modulator 200.Chromatic filter 250 is the light filter with spatial light modulator 200 same size, and definition has and arranges identical pixel with the pixel be defined in spatial light modulator 200 and arrange.And the position of each pixel on chromatic filter 250 is respectively equipped with the primary color filters corresponding with the pixel of the same position of spatial light modulator 200.That is, Tu22Zhong, be provided with in the pixel R on chromatic filter 250 make primary colors R transmitted through light filter, in pixel G, be provided with the light filter through primary colors G, in pixel B, be provided with the light filter through primary colors B.
Under the state making this chromatic filter 250 overlapping with spatial light modulator 200, if supply comprises the illumination light of each colour content of R, G, B, then with regard to the pixel corresponding with primary colors R, only primary colors R composition through, with regard to the pixel corresponding with primary colors G, only primary colors G composition through, with regard to the pixel corresponding with primary colors B, only primary colors B composition through.Therefore, screen 400 shows the coloured image be formed in spatial light modulator 200, the projection type video display apparatus of the Presentation Function with coloured image can be realized.
(2) the 2nd configuration examples
The 2nd configuration example for color display prepares lighting unit and spatial light modulator to each primary colors, synthesizes assorted image and be projected on screen finally by projection optics system.
Figure 23 is the arrangement plan that the 2nd configuration example is shown.2nd configuration example prepares the part except projection optics system 300 in the inscape shown in Figure 11 substantially respectively for three primary colors R, G, B, they, for three primary colors R, G, B modulation image separately, synthesize and are projected on screen 400 by independent generation.Orthogonal dichroic prism 350 shown in the central portion of Figure 23 is an inscape of the projection optics system of broad sense, has the function for three primary colors R, G, B modulation image synthesis separately.The image synthesized in the above described manner is projected on screen 400 by projection optics system 300.
In Figure 23,1st spatial light modulator 200R carries out according to the 1st image with the 1st primary colors R component the spatial light modulator modulated, and the 1st lighting unit 100R is the unit the 1st spatial light modulator 200R supply to the 1st illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with the 1st primary colors R.
Similarly, 2nd spatial light modulator 200G carries out according to the 2nd image with the 2nd primary colors G component the spatial light modulator modulated, and the 2nd lighting unit 100G is the unit the 2nd spatial light modulator 200G supply to the 2nd illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with the 2nd primary colors G.
And, 3rd spatial light modulator 200B carries out according to the 3rd image with the 3rd primary colors B component the spatial light modulator modulated, and the 3rd lighting unit 100B is the unit the 3rd spatial light modulator 200B supply to the 3rd illumination light of the wavelength corresponding with the 3rd primary colors B.
The basic comprising of each spatial light modulator 200R, 200G, 200B is identical with the formation of the spatial light modulator 200 of the basic embodiment hereto illustrated, is different from each otherly only this point of carrying out the modulation of light respectively according to the image information of different primary colors.And the basic comprising of each lighting unit 100R, 100G, 100B is also identical with the formation of the lighting unit 100 of the basic embodiment hereto illustrated, this point being only the coherent source with the laser beam producing primary colors different from each other different from each other.
Its result, the projection optics system of the broad sense be made up of orthogonal dichroic prism 350 and projection optics system 300 by the illumination light after being modulated by the 1st spatial light modulator 200R, modulated by the 2nd spatial light modulator 200G after illumination light, modulated by the 3rd spatial light modulator 200B after illuminated light guide to screen 400, the 1st image be made up of R look, the 2nd image be made up of G look, the 3rd image overlap that is made up of B look are projected on screen 400.Like this, color display on screen 400.
(3) the 3rd configuration examples
3rd configuration example described herein is the half-way house of above-mentioned 1st configuration example and the 2nd configuration example, lighting unit 100R, 100G, the 100B in the 2nd configuration example shown in Figure 23 is replaced as the lighting unit in the 1st configuration example employing the light source producing the synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) shown in Figure 21.
Namely, the 1st spatial light modulator 200R shown in Figure 23, the 2nd spatial light modulator 200G, the 3rd spatial light modulator 200B, orthogonal dichroic prism 350, projection optics system 300 retain, and only use 1 shared lighting unit (employing the unit of the coherent source 50 producing the synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) shown in Figure 21) as lighting unit.
As above-mentioned, due to shared lighting unit, therefore must design.Namely, in the lighting unit 100 shared, beam sweep device 60 makes this synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) strafe on hologram recording medium 45, therefore uses respectively to be pre-recorded in hologram recording medium 45 (with above-mentioned 1st configuration example identical) as 35 as 3 kinds of holograms with the light of the laser beam phase co-wavelength (or approximate wavelength) that the LASER Light Source 50R of 3 shown in Figure 21,50G, 50B produce using scatter plate 30.
And, also switching device shifter is provided with in the lighting unit 100 shared, this switching device shifter carries out the illumination light obtained from hologram recording medium 45 during the 1st, be supplied to the 1st spatial light modulator 200R, during the 2nd, be supplied to the 2nd spatial light modulator 200G, during the 3rd, be supplied to the timesharing supply action of the 3rd spatial light modulator 200B.Such switching device shifter is formed by such as movable catoptron.
On the other hand, in the inscape shown in Figure 21, during the 1st, produce the 1st laser beam L (R), the 2nd LASER Light Source 50G with the 1st LASER Light Source 50R and during the 2nd, produce the mode that the 2nd laser beam L (G), the 3rd LASER Light Source 50B produce the 3rd laser beam L (B) during the 3rd carry out intermitten.
So, during the 1st, only irradiate the 1st laser beam L (R) from coherent source 50 and be supplied to the 1st spatial light modulator 200R, during the 2nd, only irradiate the 2nd laser beam L (G) from coherent source 50 and be supplied to the 2nd spatial light modulator 200G, during the 3rd, only irradiate the 3rd laser beam L (B) from coherent source 50 and be supplied to the 3rd spatial light modulator 200B, though be timesharing action, the action be equal to above-mentioned 2nd configuration example can be carried out.
(4) the 4th configuration examples
The 4th configuration example finally illustrated is that the 1st ~ 3rd spatial light modulator 200R used in above-mentioned 3rd configuration example, 200G, 200B are shared into a spatial light modulator 200.Now, certainly, orthogonal dichroic prism 350 is not needed.In order to sharing space photomodulator 200, also timesharing action can be carried out to the spatial light modulator 200 that this shares.That is, spatial light modulator 200 carries out time division modulation action in the mode of carrying out modulating, carrying out modulating, carrying out modulating according to the 3rd image with the 3rd primary components B during the 3rd according to the 2nd image with the 2nd primary components G during the 2nd according to the 1st image with the 1st primary components R during the 1st.
On the other hand, coherent source, identical with the 3rd configuration example, as shown in figure 21, by producing the 1st LASER Light Source 50R with the 1st laser beam L (R) of the wavelength corresponding with the 1st primary colors R, the 2nd LASER Light Source 50G producing the 2nd laser beam L (G) with the wavelength corresponding with the 2nd primary colors G, produce the 3rd LASER Light Source 50B and the laser beam that these 3 LASER Light Source produce being synthesized of the 3rd laser beam L (B) with the wavelength corresponding with the 3rd primary colors B and formed to generate the light synthesizer 15,16 synthesizing light beam L (R, G, B).
And beam sweep device 60 strafes the synthesis light beam L (R, G, B) that light synthesizer 15,16 produces on hologram recording medium 45.Use respectively and the light of laser beam phase co-wavelength (or approximate wavelength) that the LASER Light Source 50R of 3 shown in Figure 21,50G, 50B produce, scatter plate 30 is previously recorded in hologram recording medium 45 (identical with the above-mentioned 1st and the 3rd configuration example) as 35 as 3 kinds of holograms.But different from the 3rd configuration example, spatial light modulator 200 is one, the illumination light therefore obtained from hologram recording medium 45 is directly supplied to this spatial light modulator 200.
Then, identical with the 3rd configuration example, in the inscape shown in Figure 21, during the 1st, produce the 1st laser beam L (R), the 2nd LASER Light Source 50G with the 1st LASER Light Source 50R and during the 2nd, produce the mode that the 2nd laser beam L (G), the 3rd LASER Light Source 50B produce the 3rd laser beam L (B) during the 3rd carry out intermitten.
So, during the 1st, only irradiate the 1st laser beam L (R) from coherent source 50, and accept to modulate according to the 1st image with the 1st primary components R based on the spatial light modulator 200 of the illumination light of this R look.Then, during the 2nd, only irradiate the 2nd laser beam L (G) from coherent source 50, and accept to modulate according to the 2nd image with the 2nd primary components G based on the spatial light modulator 200 of the illumination light of this G look.Then, during the 3rd, only irradiate the 3rd laser beam L (B) from coherent source 50, and accept to modulate according to the 3rd image with the 3rd primary components B based on the spatial light modulator 200 of the illumination light of this B look.Like this, although be timesharing action, the display of coloured image can be carried out.
The geometry diversity that 4-4. hologram recording medium creates
In § 1., describe with reference to Fig. 1 the method hologram image of scatter plate 30 being recorded in hologram light-sensitive medium 40.The method is the method using the reference light being focused at convergent point C to create reflection hologram recording medium, and the geometry configuration of necessary inscape is as shown in the side view of Figure 24.
When example shown in Figure 24, produced towards the convergence reference light Lref of convergent point C by convex lens 23, medium 40 is configured between convex lens 23 and convergent point C.And medium 40 such as figure configures obliquely, irradiates the object light Lobj from scatter plate 30 in its lower face side.The hologram recording medium created by this method becomes the medium of reflection-type.That is, when reproducing, as shown in figure 25, the light beam irradiation played a role as reproduction illumination light Lrep, to the lower face side of medium 45, generates reproduction image 35 by the reflection diffracting light Ldif from a P.
As mentioned above, the example hereto illustrated is that the hologram be recorded in hologram recording medium 45 is reflection hologram and the reflection diffracting light of light beam is used as the example of illumination light.On the other hand, the hologram being recorded in hologram recording medium 45 also can be made to be transmission-type hologram and the transmission diffraction light of light beam is used as illumination light.
Figure 26 is the side view of the geometry configuration illustrated when creating such transmission-type hologram.The direction of medium 40 is with the difference of the configuration shown in Figure 24.In the creation method of the reflection hologram shown in Figure 24, above medium, irradiate reference light Lref, and from irradiating object light Lobj below medium.Like this, if expose to the face of opposition side with reference to light and object light, then the hologram of reflection-type can be recorded.On the other hand, in the method shown in Figure 26, both reference light Lref and object light Lobj are irradiated to the upper surface of medium 40.Like this, if irradiate reference light and object light in this wise from same side, then the hologram of transmission-type can be recorded.That is, when reproducing, as shown in figure 27, the light beam irradiation played a role as reproduction illumination light Lrep, to the lower face side of medium 45, produces reproduction image 35 by the transmission diffraction light Ldif from a P.
And, so far the example illustrated is all the methods using the reference light being focused at convergent point C to create the hologram recording medium of reflection-type or transmission-type, but also can substitute the hologram recording medium that it uses reference light establishment reflection-type or the transmission-type dispersed from convergent point C.But, preparation hologram recording medium must be pre-created for this reason.Below, the process for carrying out the method is described successively.
First, as shown in figure 28, configuration preparation hologram light-sensitive medium 90 and scatter plate 30, to medium 90 as icon tiltedly irradiates parallel reference light Lref from the right side.Then, will the interference fringe produced from object light Lobj and the reference light Lref of scatter plate 30 be utilized to be recorded to medium 90.As mentioned above, when recording, if from same side irradiating object light and reference light, then the hologram of transmission-type can be recorded.Herein, the medium 90 carrying out this record is called preparation hologram recording medium 95.
Figure 29 is the side view of the reproduction processes that this preparation hologram recording medium 95 is shown.As shown in the figure, to medium 95 from a left side tiltedly irradiate parallel reproduction illumination light Lrep, then produce reproduction image 35 by transmission diffraction light Ldif in the right of figure.Herein, the extended line in the direction of reproduction illumination light Lrep is the direction consistent with the direction of the reference light Lref shown in Figure 28, and the generation position of reproduction image 35 is consistent with the allocation position of the scatter plate 30 shown in Figure 28.
Then, the reproduction image 35 of preparation hologram recording medium 95 is replaced scatter plate 30 in kind, carry out the process of the picture recording scatter plate 30 to hologram light-sensitive medium 40.That is, as shown in figure 30, at the preparation right side of hologram recording medium 95 configuration hologram light-sensitive medium 40, parallel reproduction illumination light Lrep is irradiated, in the right side of figure generation reproduction image 35 to medium 95 is tiltedly from a left side.Now, the light penetrated to the right from medium 95 is the transmission diffraction light Ldif for making reproduction image 35 reproduce, and realizes the function as object light Lobj to medium 40 simultaneously.
On the other hand, reference light Lref is dispersed from lower direction medium 40 irradiation of figure.This disperses reference light Lref is the light (light sent from this pointolite when convergent point C exists pointolite) dispersed from convergent point C, medium 40 is irradiated to the light beam of coniform diffusion.In illustrated example, by the focal convex lens 25 of the position tool of convergent point C, make parallel beam L10 be focused at convergent point C, produce pointolite, thus reference light Lref is dispersed in generation.Such as, as convex lens 25, if use the lenticule of diameter 1mm degree, then the laser beam of the section footpath 1mm degree sent from LASER Light Source directly can be used as parallel beam L10, produce and disperse reference light Lref.
In the method shown in Figure 30, object light Lobj exposes to the upper surface of medium 40, and reference light Lref exposes to the lower surface of medium 40.Like this, if expose to the face of opposition side with reference to light and object light, then the hologram of reflection-type can be recorded.Therefore, reflection hologram identical with the hologram recording medium 45 created by the method shown in Figure 24 is in fact become with the hologram recording medium 45 that the method shown in Figure 30 creates.Therefore, when reproducing, the geometry shown in Figure 25 can be adopted to configure.
On the other hand, Figure 31 illustrates to use to disperse the side view that reference light Lref creates the example of transmission-type hologram.With the direction that the difference of the configuration shown in Figure 30 is medium 40.In the creation method of the reflection hologram shown in Figure 30, irradiating object light Lobj above medium, irradiates reference light Lref below medium.On the other hand, in the method shown in Figure 31, the lower surface being both irradiated to medium 40 of object light Lobj and reference light Lref.Like this, if irradiate reference light and object light from homonymy, then the hologram of transmission-type can be recorded.Transmission-type hologram identical with the hologram recording medium 45 created by the method shown in Figure 26 is in fact become with the hologram recording medium 45 that the method shown in Figure 31 creates.Therefore, when reproducing, adopt the geometry shown in Figure 27 to configure.
In addition, in the recording processing shown in Figure 30 and Figure 31, though employ the transmission-type hologram created with the method shown in Figure 28 as preparation hologram recording medium 95, the reflection hologram created with the method shown in Figure 32 also can be used as preparation hologram recording medium 95.In the method shown in Figure 32, irradiate reference light Lref from the preparation left side of hologram light-sensitive medium 90, from right side irradiating object light Lobj, therefore, the preparation hologram recording medium 95 of establishment becomes reflection hologram.
When using the preparation hologram recording medium 95 of this reflection-type to carry out reproducing, as shown in figure 33, irradiate reproduction illumination light Lrep from the right side of medium 95, produce reproduction image 35 by the reflection diffracting light Ldif obtained.Therefore, in the process shown in Figure 30 and Figure 31, substitute and irradiate reproduction illumination light Lrep from left side, but irradiate from right side.
Moving in parallel of 4-5. light beam is strafed
In the embodiment so far illustrated, bend though the beam sweep device 60 described in lighting unit 100 makes light beam strafe basic point B in appointment, and this bending state (direction of bending and the size of bending angle) is changed in time, thus strafe the mode of the light beam after bending, but the method for strafing of beam sweep device 60 is not limited to make light beam in the method for strafing basic point B bending.
Such as, also can adopt light beam is moved in parallel strafe method.But, now, also need to change the recording method to the scatter plate 30 of hologram recording medium 45.That is, example is as shown in figure 34 such, hologram light-sensitive medium 40 is irradiated to the reference light Lref be made up of parallel beam, record and the information from the interference fringe of the object light Lobj of scatter plate 30.In other words, in the hologram recording medium 46 created like this, use the reference light Lref that is made up of parallel beam that scatter plate 30 is recorded as hologram as 35.
Figure 35 is the use of the side view of the lighting device 110 of the hologram recording medium 46 created by the method shown in Figure 34.As shown in the figure, this lighting device 110 is made up of hologram recording medium 46, coherent source 50, beam sweep device 65.
Herein, hologram recording medium 46 is the media created by the method shown in Figure 34, utilizes the reference light Lref that is made up of parallel beam that scatter plate 30 is recorded as hologram as 35.And coherent source 50 is produce the light source of coherent light beam L50 had with the same wavelength of the light (object light Lobj and reference light Lref) used when creating hologram recording medium 46 approximate wavelength of energy reconstructing hologram (or).
On the other hand, though beam sweep device 65 has the function that the light beam L50 produced by coherent source 50 exposes to hologram recording medium 46, but now, the mode that light beam L65 exposes to hologram recording medium 45 is strafed from the direction parallel with the reference light Lref that the establishment process shown in Figure 34 uses.More specifically, make light beam L65 while moving in parallel, expose to hologram recording medium 46, thus strafe in the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of light beam L65 to hologram recording medium 46.
Carry out this beam sweep device 65 strafed, such as, and the driving mechanism of this moving reflector 66 can be driven to form by moving reflector 66.That is, as shown in figure 35, can receive the position configuration moving reflector 66 of the light beam L50 that coherent source 50 produces, and the driving mechanism that this moving reflector 66 is slided along the optical axis of light beam L50 is being set.In addition, in practicality, the beam sweep device 65 with the function identical with above-mentioned functions can be formed by the micro mirror element that make use of MEMS.Or, making the light beam L60 after the position strafing basic point B bends by strafing the focal convex lens of basic point B tool by the beam sweep device 60 shown in Fig. 9, also can produce the light beam moved in parallel.
When example shown in Figure 35, the hologram recording medium 46 receiving the irradiation of the light beam L65 after being reflected by moving reflector 66 produces diffraction light according to the interference fringe of record, and produces the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 by this diffraction light.Lighting unit 110 carries out the illumination playback light of the reproduction image 35 obtained like this being used as illumination light.
In Figure 35, for convenience of description, represent the position of the light beam of moment t1 with dot-and-dash line, represent the position of the light beam of moment t2 with double dot dash line.Namely, at moment t1, light beam L50 reflects in the position of moving reflector 66 (t1), and the some P (t1) of hologram recording medium 46 is exposed to as light beam L65 (t1), but at moment t2, light beam L50 the reflection of the position of moving reflector 66 (t2) (illustrated moving reflector 66 (t2) is the situation after moving reflector 66 (t1) moves), and exposes to the some P (t2) of hologram recording medium 46 as light beam L65 (t2).
In figure, for convenience of description, what two time points of moment t1, t2 were only shown strafes mode, but in fact, during moment t1 ~ t2, light beam L65 moves in parallel in the left and right of figure, light beam L65 to the irradiation position of hologram recording medium 46 from the some P (t1) of figure to P (t2) slowly movement.That is, during moment t1 ~ t2, the irradiation position of light beam L65 is strafed from a P (t1) to P (t2) on hologram recording medium 46.Herein, though understand the example making light beam L65 move in parallel to (left and right directions of figure) at one-dimensional square, but certainly, mechanism light beam L65 also being moved in parallel if arrange in the direction vertical with the paper of figure (such as, XY microscope carrier configures the mechanism of catoptron), then it can be made to move in parallel at two-dimensional directional.
Herein, light beam L65 strafes in always parallel with the reference light Lref used in the establishment process shown in Figure 34 mode, therefore, at each irradiation position of hologram recording medium 46, light beam L65 plays a role as the correct reproduction illumination light Lrep for reproducing the hologram being recorded in this.
Such as, at moment t1, by producing the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 from the diffraction light L46 (t1) of a P (t1), at moment t2, by producing the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 from the diffraction light L46 (t2) of a P (t2).Certainly, during moment t1 ~ t2, also similarly produced the reproduction image 35 of scatter plate 30 by the diffraction light of each position of irradiating from light beam L65.That is, as long as light beam L65 bears to move in parallel and strafes, then no matter light beam L65 exposes to any position on hologram recording medium 46, can produce identical reproduction image 35 by the diffraction light from irradiation position in same position.
As a result, the lighting unit 110 shown in this Figure 35 has the function carrying out the illumination playback light of reproduction image 35 being used as illumination light in the same manner as the lighting unit 100 shown in Fig. 9.In a word, in the present invention, in hologram recording medium, use the reference light irradiated along regulation light path that the picture of scatter plate is recorded as hologram, and carry out strafing of light beam by the mode in the beam sweep device direction (optical conjugate direction) that is the light path along reference light with light beam to the direction of illumination of this hologram recording medium.
The utilization of 4-6. microlens array
So far the embodiment illustrated is the hologram recording medium preparing to record the hologram image of scatter plate 30, and strafes coherent light to this hologram recording medium, the diffraction light obtained is used as the situation of illumination light., substitute this hologram recording medium herein, discuss the variation that make use of microlens array.
Figure 36 is the side view of the variation that make use of this microlens array.The lighting device 120 of this variation is made up of microlens array 48, coherent source 50, beam sweep device 60.Coherent source 50 is identical with the embodiment illustrated before, is the light source producing coherent light beam L50, specifically, can uses LASER Light Source.
And beam sweep device 60 is identical with the embodiment so far illustrated, it is the device strafed carrying out the light beam L50 that coherent source 50 produces.More specifically, have and make light beam strafe basic point B bending with the function exposing to microlens array 48, and according to making the bending state of light beam L50 change in time thus making the time dependent mode of the irradiation position of light beam L60 to microlens array 48 strafe.
On the other hand, microlens array 48 is the optical elements of the aggregate comprising multiple separate lenses.The separate lenses forming this microlens array 48 all has to be made from the anaclasis of strafing basic point B incidence and forms the function of specifying irradiation area I at the sensitive surface R of the spatial light modulator 200 being configured at assigned address.And the irradiation area I utilizing arbitrary separate lenses to be formed also forms the identical common region on this sensitive surface R.As the microlens array with this function, such as, commercially available have the microlens array being called as " fly's-eye lens ".
Figure 37 is the side view of the operating principle that the lighting unit 100 shown in Figure 36 is shown.Herein, for convenience of description, represent the bending state of light beam L60 at moment t1 with dot-and-dash line, represent the bending state at moment t2 with double dot dash line.That is, at moment t1, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and is incident to as light beam L60 (t1) the separate lenses 48-1 be positioned at below microlens array 48.This separate lenses 48-1 has and expands from the light beam strafing basic point B incidence and exposed to the function of the two-dimentional irradiation area I the sensitive surface R of spatial light modulator 200.Therefore, irradiation area I has been formed as shown at the sensitive surface R of spatial light modulator 200.
And at moment t2, light beam L50 bends strafing basic point B, and is incident to as light beam L60 (t2) the separate lenses 48-2 be positioned at above microlens array 48.This separate lenses 48-2 has and expands from the light beam strafing basic point B incidence and exposed to the function of the two-dimentional irradiation area I the sensitive surface R of spatial light modulator 200.Therefore, at moment t2, be also formed as shown irradiation area I at the sensitive surface R of spatial light modulator 200.
In the drawings, for convenience of description, the operating state of 2 time points at moment t1, t2 is only shown, but in fact, during moment t1 ~ t2, the overbending direction of light beam changes smoothly, and light beam L60 irradiates irradiation position slowly movement from the below of figure toward top of microlens array 48.That is, during moment t1 ~ t2, on microlens array 48, the irradiation position of light beam L60 is strafed up and down.Certainly, when using the array of multiple separate lenses two-dimensional arrangement as microlens array 48, by beam sweep device 60, light beam is strafed in this two-dimensional arrangements.
According to the character of above-mentioned microlens array 48, the no matter incident any separate lenses of light beam L60, the two-dimentional irradiation area I be formed on sensitive surface R is shared.Though that is, light beam how strafe state, always form identical irradiation area I at sensitive surface R.Therefore, the optical modulation face of spatial light modulator 200 (such as, when LCD micro-display is used as spatial light modulator 200, the display surface of display) if be positioned at above-mentioned irradiation area I, then optical modulation face becomes the state that permanent irradiation has illumination light, and its projection image can be mapped on screen.
In addition, in practicality, even if not identical but some skew of the irradiation area I produced by separate lenses, as long as be at least the state that illumination light perseverance is radiated in the region in optical modulation face, then it is no problem to obtain on screen in projection image.
As a result, when shown here lighting unit 120, beam sweep device 60 has that light beam L60 is exposed to microlens array 48 and the irradiation position time dependent mode that light beam L60 irradiates microlens array 48 function of strafing.On the other hand, the separate lenses forming microlens array 48 all has makes the anaclasis from beam sweep device 60 irradiation and the function forming the irradiation area I specified at the sensitive surface R of spatial light modulator 200, and the irradiation area I being configured to be formed by arbitrary separate lenses is roughly the same common region on sensitive surface R.
When this lighting unit 120, in the same manner as the lighting unit 100 of the basic embodiment hereto illustrated, the incident angle exposing to the light in each portion of sensitive surface R become through time variation.Therefore, the generation of the spot caused because of light source side can be suppressed.And, owing to strafing light beam L60, therefore, the generation of the spot caused because of screen side also can be suppressed.
The utilization of 4-7. light diffusion element
Hereto, as basic embodiment, formed lighting unit to use the hologram recording medium recording the hologram image of scatter plate 30 to be described, in above-mentioned 4-6, use microlens array to be formed lighting unit for replacing holographic figure recording medium and be described.Its result, in these lighting units, hologram recording medium or microlens array realize having the beam spread making to inject and specify the effect of the light diffusion element of the function of irradiation area with formation on appointment sensitive surface.And the irradiation area that this light diffusion element has formation becomes identical common area and the feature irrelevant with the incoming position of light beam on sensitive surface.
Therefore, in order to form the lighting unit that projection type video display apparatus of the present invention uses, not necessarily to use above-mentioned hologram recording medium or microlens array, generally speaking, the light diffusion element with above-mentioned feature can be used to form.
In a word, the lighting unit that projection type video display apparatus of the present invention uses, in essence, by using the beam spread that produces the coherent source of coherent light beam, the direction controlling this light beam or position or inject with the beam sweep device and making carrying out beam sweep both it and the light diffusion element of injection is formed.
Herein, as long as the light beam that beam sweep device has to make coherent source produce penetrates towards light diffusion element and makes the function that the time dependent mode of incoming position that this light beam incides light diffusion element is strafed.And, on sensitive surface, be roughly the same common region with the irradiation area of the function and formation that form appointment irradiation area on the sensitive surface of spatial light modulator as long as light diffusion element is configured to have the beam spread making to inject and has nothing to do with the incoming position of light beam.
Industrial applicibility
Projection type video display apparatus of the present invention, no matter as the device that static picture or the various image projectings of animation can be presented on screen, can extensively be used in industry.
Claims (3)
1. a projection type video display apparatus, is to be projected to by light on screen (400) to carry out the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that possessing:
Spatial light modulator (200), according to the image as display object, penetrates after implementing the modulation corresponding with incoming position to the light injected;
Lighting unit (120), to described spatial light modulator (200) supply illumination light (L48); And
Projection optics system (300), by the described screen (400) that led by the illumination light (L300) after described spatial light modulator (200) modulation, and by described image projection to described screen,
Described lighting unit (120) has:
Coherent source (50), produces coherent light beam (L50);
Microlens array (48), is made up of the aggregate of multiple separate lenses; And
Beam sweep device (60), described light beam (L50) is exposed to described microlens array (48), and strafe in the time dependent mode of irradiation position of described light beam (L60) to described microlens array (48)
The separate lenses forming described microlens array (48) has the anaclasis that makes to irradiate from described beam sweep device (60) respectively to form the function of the irradiation area (I) of specifying at the sensitive surface (R) of described spatial light modulator (200), and the irradiation area (I) being configured to be formed by any one separate lenses becomes roughly the same common region on described sensitive surface (R).
2. projection type video display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
Beam sweep device (60) makes the basic point (B) of strafing that light beam (L50) is being specified bend and expose to microlens array (48) and the bending state of described light beam (L50) is changed in time, thus the irradiation position of the light beam after bending (L60) to described microlens array (48) is changed in time
The separate lenses forming described microlens array (48) makes respectively from the described anaclasis of strafing basic point (B) and injecting, and the sensitive surface (R) in spatial light modulator (200) above forms common irradiation area (I).
3. a projection type video display apparatus, is to project light onto on screen (400) to carry out the projection type video display apparatus of image display, it is characterized in that possessing:
Spatial light modulator (200), according to the image as display object, penetrates after implementing the modulation corresponding with incoming position to the light injected;
Lighting unit (100,110,120), to described spatial light modulator (200) supply illumination light (L45, L46, L48); And
Projection optics system (300), by the described screen (400) that led by the illumination light (L300) after described spatial light modulator (200) modulation, and by described image projection to described screen,
Described lighting unit (100,110,120) possesses:
Coherent source (50), produces coherent light beam (L50);
Beam sweep device (60,65), by controlling direction or the position of described light beam (L50) or both should carrying out beam sweep; And
Light diffusion element (45,46,48), makes the beam spread injected and penetrates,
The described light beam (L50) that described coherent source (50) produces by described beam sweep device (60,65) penetrates towards described light diffusion element (45,46,48), and strafe in the time dependent mode of incoming position of described light beam (L60) to described light diffusion element (45,46,48)
Described light diffusion element (45,46,48) has the beam spread making to inject above forms the irradiation area (I) of specifying function with the sensitive surface (R) in spatial light modulator (200), and the irradiation area (I) being configured to be formed becomes roughly the same common region on described sensitive surface (R), and have nothing to do with the incoming position of light beam.
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| CN110023140A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-07-16 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Lighting device |
| CN110462489A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-15 | 索尼公司 | Image display device and image-displaying member |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105425516A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| CN104267570B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| CN105425516B (en) | 2017-07-18 |
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