CN104266636B - Method for resolving accelerated speed of health monitoring target point of building model based on high-speed video - Google Patents
Method for resolving accelerated speed of health monitoring target point of building model based on high-speed video Download PDFInfo
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- CN104266636B CN104266636B CN201410482638.3A CN201410482638A CN104266636B CN 104266636 B CN104266636 B CN 104266636B CN 201410482638 A CN201410482638 A CN 201410482638A CN 104266636 B CN104266636 B CN 104266636B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/36—Videogrammetry, i.e. electronic processing of video signals from a single source or from different sources to give parallax or range information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
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Abstract
The invention relates to the data processing field of building model health monitoring data based on high-speed video, in particular to a method for resolving the accelerated speed of a health monitoring target point of a building model based on high-speed video. The technical scheme is as follows: the method takes three-dimensional space coordinates of the target point, resolved by bundle adjustment, as a data source; the speed of the target point is calculated by a numerical differentiation method; the speed value of the target point, acquired by a seven-point Savitzky-Golay filter, is subjected to primary noise reduction treatment, the speed value of the target point, acquired through noise reduction treatment, is used as a data source, the accelerated speed of the target point is calculated through numerical differentiation; the accelerated speed of the target point, acquired by a nine-point Savitzky-Golay filter, is subjected to secondary noise reduction treatment to obtain high-precision target point accelerated speed. The method can reduce the influence of high-frequency noise on the resolving process of the accelerated speed of the building model health monitoring target point based on high-speed video, and can improve the resolving precision of the accelerated speed of the target point.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-speed video measures building model health monitoring data processing field, more particularly to one kind is used for
High-speed video measures building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method.
Background technology
In recent years, develop rapidly with economical and society, many large-scale buildings throughout world various places are large-scale
The stability and shock resistance of building has increasingly caused the concern of society, in order to ensure the safety of building, needs
According to certain ratio construction building model before building construction, and by the external force such as vibration table, explosion, shock act on into
The health monitoring of row building model is tested, and obtains the dynamic response of building model key point to speculate its failure mechanism, and then
The method that is correspondingly improved is taken to improve the stability and shock resistance of building, the expert and engineer couple of many field of civil engineering
This has been carried out substantial amounts of research.The technology for being presently used for catching and analyzing building model dynamic response process is mainly adopted
With touch sensor, including displacement meter, accelerometer, amesdial and linear variable displacement transducer etc..Touch sensor
Refer to that sensor has to be fixed on user specifies on measurement building model position to obtain the multidate information of the position, this
Individual feature determines that it has the shortcomings that one-dimension, short range and destructible.
In order to overcome touch sensor to be used for the shortcoming of building model health monitoring, in recent years, with sensor skill
Art is developed rapidly, and contactless video measuring based on high speed camera progressively launches in building model health monitoring should
With.Video measuring is one and is integrated with the calculating mesh that close-range photogrammetry and the respective advantage of computer vision grow up
Mark three-dimensional coordinate as image sequence time function contactless measurement, so that reach can be with dynamic access clarification of objective
Information.High-speed video measurement has the advantages that noncontact, intensive measurement and quick three-dimensional are measured, and thing can be recorded in a flash
The locus of body and state, can carry out in time quantitative analyses to dynamic object, and the whole generating process of dynamic object
As dossier.It is the weight for describing building model health monitoring dynamic response process in field of civil engineering, acceleration etc.
Parameter is wanted, it can very directly perceived, in detail, accurately reflect the dynamic response process of building model, so as to building model
Failure mechanism carry out reasonable, accurate analysis.General higher, i.e., the adjacent picture in image sequence of high-speed video measurement camera frame frequency
Acquisition time interval in piece is shorter, inevitably there is the impact of high-frequency noise, the essence for affecting impact point acceleration to resolve
Degree.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has designed and developed a kind of for high-speed video measurement building model health prison
Impact point acceleration calculation method is surveyed, the impact of high-speed video measurement process high-frequency noise is reduced, impact point acceleration is improved
The precision of resolving.
The present invention provide technical scheme be:
One kind measures building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method, including following step for high-speed video
Suddenly:
Step one, using the three dimensional space coordinate of bundle adjustment model solution impact point;
Step 2, the current spatial location for calculating a certain phase place of image sequence and the impact point initial phase locus
Range difference obtains the displacement of impact point;
Step 3, with the shift value of impact point as data source, using the speed initial value of two point value differential calculation impact points,
And first noise reduction process is carried out to the target spot speed initial value for obtaining using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter;
Step 4, with the velocity amplitude of the first noise reduction process of impact point as data source, using two point value differential calculation targets
The acceleration initial value of point, and the impact point acceleration initial value for obtaining is carried out using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter secondary
Noise reduction process, obtains high-precision impact point accekeration.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Bundle adjustment model in method, step one is considered as true value control point coordinates, the three dimensional space coordinate of impact point and camera
Exterior orientation parameter is considered as unknown-value, and joint solves the object space coordinate of impact point and the exterior orientation parameter of camera.Impact point
Three dimensional space coordinate can be obtained by following formula:
V=At+BX-L
Wherein, V is the error equation group listed by picture point;T is the column matrix being made up of image elements of exterior orientation, and A is
The parameter matrix of matrix t;X is the column matrix of whole fixed point coordinate correction compositions in model, and B is the parameter matrix of matrix X;
L is the constant term of error equation.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, the displacement of the impact point in the step 2 refers to current spatial location and the mesh of the impact point in a certain phase place of image sequence
The range difference of punctuate initial phase locus.The initial displacement of the impact point is set to 0mm, then X, Y of the impact point in phase place n
Can be obtained by following formula with the shift value of Z:
Wherein,WithThe shift value of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction is represented respectively;X1, Y1And Z1
The coordinate figure of X of the impact point in initial phase, Y and Z-direction is represented respectively;Xn, YnAnd ZnRepresent impact point in phase place n respectively
The coordinate figure of X, Y and Z-direction.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, it is average between phase place n-1 and phase place n+1 that the impact point in the step 3 is defined as impact point in the speed of phase place n
Speed, the step includes as follows:
A, with the displacement data of impact point as data source, using the speed initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;
B, with step a obtain impact point speed initial value as data source, using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter pair
The target spot speed initial value of acquisition carries out first noise reduction process, eliminates high-frequency noise.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, the speed initial value in step a using 2 point value differential solving target points can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein,WithRepresent the speed of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction;Xn+1, Yn+1And Zn+1Table
Show X of the impact point in phase place n+1, Y and Z-direction three dimensional space coordinate;Xn-1, Yn-1And Zn-1X of the impact point in phase place n-1 is represented,
Y and Z-direction three dimensional space coordinate;Δ T represents the time interval of image sequence adjacent phase.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, is carried out at first noise reduction using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter in step b to the target spot speed initial value for obtaining
Reason, can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein V 'iIt is the rate smoothing value of impact point i, Vi-3…Vi+3It is continuous 7 speed obtained by numerical differentiation
Value.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, the acceleration of the impact point in the step 4 is defined as impact point in phase place n-1 and the average acceleration of phase place n+1, institute
Step is stated including as follows:
A, with the speed data of the impact point through the first noise reduction process of 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter as data
Source, using the acceleration initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;
B, with step a obtain impact point acceleration initial value as data source, using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter
Impact point acceleration initial value to obtaining carries out secondary noise reduction process, eliminates high-frequency noise.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, the acceleration initial value in step a using 2 point value differential solving target points can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein,WithRepresent the acceleration of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction; WithRepresent the speed of X of the impact point in phase place n+1, Y and Z-direction;WithRepresent impact point in phase place n-
The speed of 1 X, Y and Z-direction;Δ T represents the time interval of the adjacent image of image sequence.
Preferably, it is described for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
Method, secondary noise reduction is carried out in step b using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter to the impact point acceleration initial value for obtaining
Process, can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein a 'iIt is the acceleration smooth value of impact point i, ai-4…ai+4It is the acceleration initial value obtained by step a.
It is of the present invention to have for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method
There is following beneficial effect:Bundle adjustment has theoretical tight, the advantage of high precision, using bundle adjustment resolving image sequence
The precision of the three-dimensional coordinate of middle impact point is better than 1:10000 precision, meets building model health monitoring impact point acceleration solution
The demand of calculation;The high frequency noise effect of acceleration solution process is eliminated using two-step method, i.e., initially with two point value differential and 7
Point Savitzky-Golay wave filter eliminates the high frequency noise effect of impact point velocity calculated process, then micro- using two point values
Divide the high frequency noise effect that impact point acceleration solution process is eliminated with 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter, can not only be maximum
The high-frequency noise produced during the elimination video measuring of degree, and the extreme value of speed and acceleration can be retained.Institute of the present invention
The method stated is carried out before the building model failure mechanism analysis based on high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring
Condition is put forward, the acceleration information of impact point is only accurately obtained, could be to the dynamic response of the building model of high-speed motion
Analysis provides data and supports, and then the flight characteristic or failure mechanism to building model is studied.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is of the present invention for high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side
The flow chart of method;
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description text
Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point that is used for accelerating
Degree calculation method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, bundle adjustment have theoretical tight, the advantage of high precision.Control point is sat in bundle adjustment model
Mark is considered as true value, and the three dimensional space coordinate of impact point and the exterior orientation parameter of camera are considered as unknown-value, and joint solves impact point
The exterior orientation parameter of object space coordinate and camera.The three dimensional space coordinate of impact point can be obtained by following formula:
V=At+BX-L
Wherein, V is the error equation group listed by picture point;T is the column matrix being made up of image elements of exterior orientation, and A is
The parameter matrix of matrix t;X is the column matrix of whole fixed point coordinate correction compositions in model, and B is the parameter matrix of matrix X;
L is the constant term of error equation.
Step 2, the displacement of impact point are the basic data sources for resolving acceleration.The displacement of impact point refers to that impact point exists
The current spatial location of a certain phase place of image sequence and the range difference of the impact point initial phase locus.The impact point
Initial displacement is set to 0mm, then in the X of phase place n, the shift value of Y and Z-direction can be obtained impact point by following formula:
Wherein,WithThe shift value of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction is represented respectively;X1, Y1And Z1
Coordinate figure of the impact point in X, Y and Z-direction initial phase is represented respectively;Xn, YnAnd ZnRepresent impact point in X, Y and Z-direction respectively
The coordinate figure of phase place n.
Step 3, speed are the physical quantitys for describing particle movement speed and direction, equal to displacement and are occurred used by this displacement
The ratio of time.In our bright method, impact point the speed of phase place n be defined as impact point phase place n-1 and phase place n+1 it
Between average speed.Numerical differentiation has the effect for eliminating inherent noise.Savitzky-Golay wave filter is one kind in time domain
It is interior based on multinomial, and the method that best fit is carried out using method of least square by moving window.Savitzky-Golay is filtered
The obvious purposes of ripple device is smooth noise data, and data smoothing can eliminate all data points with larger error disorders, or
Person makes preliminary and coarse simple parameter estimation from figure.Savitzky-Golay wave filter and other kinds of filtering
Device difference is that it directly processes the data smoothing problem in time domain, after first defined property in a frequency domain
Reconvert so can not only can guarantee that the undistorted of initial data to time domain, and can more retain relative maximum, minimum
Value and width equal distribution characteristic.The speed of impact point realizes that in two steps the displacement data with impact point first is adopted as data source
The speed initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;Then the speed initial value with impact point is as data source, using 7 points
Savitzky-Golay wave filter carries out first noise reduction process to the target spot speed initial value for obtaining, and eliminates high-frequency noise.
Step 4, impact point acceleration are velocity variable and the ratio that the time used by this change occurs, and are description things
The physical quantity of body rapid change speed.In the methods of the invention, the acceleration of impact point is defined as impact point in phase place n-1 and phase
The average acceleration of position n+1, first with through the speed data of the impact point of 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter noise reduction process
For data source, using the acceleration initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;Then with the impact point acceleration initial value of acquisition
For data source, secondary noise reduction process is carried out to the impact point acceleration initial value for obtaining using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter,
Further eliminate high-frequency noise.
Described one kind is used in high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method, institute
State in step 3 and specifically include:
A. the displacement data with impact point is as data source, using the speed initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points, can
Obtained by following formula:
Wherein,WithRepresent the speed of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction;Xn+1, Yn+1And Zn+1Table
Show X of the impact point in phase place n+1, Y and Z-direction three dimensional space coordinate;Xn-1, Yn-1And Zn-1X of the impact point in phase place n-1 is represented,
Y and Z-direction three dimensional space coordinate;Δ T represents the time interval of image sequence adjacent phase.
B. with step a obtain impact point speed initial value as data source, using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter pair
The target spot speed initial value of acquisition carries out first noise reduction process, eliminates high-frequency noise, can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein V 'iIt is the rate smoothing value of impact point i, Vi-3…Vi+3It is continuous 7 speed obtained by numerical differentiation
Value.
Described one kind is used in high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method, institute
State in step 4 and specifically include:
A. the speed data with the impact point through 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter noise reduction process is adopted as data source
With the acceleration initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points, can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein,WithRepresent acceleration of the impact point in phase place n;WithRepresent target
Put the speed of the X in phase place n+1, Y and Z-direction;WithRepresent X of the impact point in phase place n-1, Y and Z side
To speed;Δ T represents the time interval of the adjacent image of image sequence.
B. with step a obtain impact point acceleration initial value as data source, using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter
Impact point acceleration initial value to obtaining carries out secondary noise reduction process, further eliminates high-frequency noise, can be obtained by following formula
Arrive:
Wherein a 'iIt is the acceleration smooth value of impact point i, ai-4…ai+4It is the acceleration initial value obtained by step a.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in description and embodiment
With, it can be applied to completely various suitable the field of the invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Other modification is realized, therefore under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (9)
- It is 1. a kind of to measure building model health monitoring impact point acceleration calculation method for high-speed video, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps:Step one, using the three dimensional space coordinate of bundle adjustment model solution impact point;The distance of step 2, the current spatial location for calculating a certain phase place of image sequence and the impact point initial phase locus Difference obtains the displacement of impact point;Step 3, with the shift value of impact point as data source, using the speed initial value of two point value differential calculation impact points, and adopt First noise reduction process is carried out to the target spot speed initial value for obtaining with 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter;Step 4, with the velocity amplitude of the first noise reduction process of impact point as data source, using two point value differential calculation impact points Acceleration initial value, and secondary noise reduction is carried out to the impact point acceleration initial value for obtaining using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter Process, obtain high-precision impact point accekeration.
- 2. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that the bundle adjustment model in the step one is considered as true value, the three-dimensional space of impact point control point coordinates Between the exterior orientation parameter of coordinate and camera be considered as unknown-value, joint solves the object space coordinate of impact point and the exterior orientation of camera Parameter, the three dimensional space coordinate of impact point can be obtained by following formula:V=At+BX-LWherein, V is the error equation group listed by picture point;T is the column matrix being made up of image elements of exterior orientation, and A is matrix t Parameter matrix;X is the column matrix of whole fixed point coordinate correction compositions in model, and B is the parameter matrix of matrix X;L is mistake The constant term of eikonal equation formula.
- 3. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that the displacement of the impact point in the step 2 refers to current sky of the impact point in a certain phase place of image sequence Between position and the impact point initial phase locus range difference, the initial displacement of the impact point is set to 0mm, then impact point Can be obtained by following formula in the shift value of the X of phase place n, Y and Z-direction:Wherein,WithThe shift value of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction is represented respectively;X1, Y1And Z1Respectively Represent the coordinate figure of X of the impact point in initial phase, Y and Z-direction;Xn, YnAnd ZnRespectively represent impact point phase place n X, Y and The coordinate figure of Z-direction.
- 4. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that the impact point in the step 3 is defined as impact point in phase place n-1 and phase place n+1 in the speed of phase place n Between average speed, the step include it is as follows:A, with the displacement data of impact point as data source, using the speed initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;B, with step a obtain impact point speed initial value as data source, using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter to obtain Target spot speed initial value carry out first noise reduction process, eliminate high-frequency noise.
- 5. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that the speed initial value in step a using 2 point value differential solving target points can be obtained by following formula Arrive:Wherein,WithRepresent the speed of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction;Xn+1, Yn+1And Zn+1Represent mesh Punctuate phase place n+1 X, Y and Z-direction three dimensional space coordinate;Xn-1, Yn-1And Zn-1Represent X, Y and Z of the impact point in phase place n-1 Direction three dimensional space coordinate;Δ T represents the time interval of image sequence adjacent phase.
- 6. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that in the step b target spot speed initial value for obtaining is entered using 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter The first noise reduction process of row, can be obtained by following formula:Wherein V 'iIt is the rate smoothing value of impact point i, Vi-3…Vi+3It is continuous 7 velocity amplitudes obtained by numerical differentiation.
- 7. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that the acceleration of the impact point in the step 4 is defined as impact point in the flat of phase place n-1 and phase place n+1 Equal acceleration, the step includes as follows:A, with the speed data of the impact point through the first noise reduction process of 7 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter as data source, adopt With the acceleration initial value of 2 point value differential solving target points;B, with step a obtain impact point acceleration initial value as data source, using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter to obtaining The impact point acceleration initial value for taking carries out secondary noise reduction process, eliminates high-frequency noise.
- 8. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 7 Method, it is characterised in that the acceleration initial value in step a using 2 point value differential solving target points can pass through following formula Obtain:Wherein,WithRepresent the acceleration of X of the impact point in phase place n, Y and Z-direction; WithTable Show the speed of X of the impact point in phase place n+1, Y and Z-direction;WithRepresent X, Y of the impact point in phase place n-1 With the speed of Z-direction;Δ T represents the time interval of the adjacent image of image sequence.
- 9. high-speed video measurement building model health monitoring impact point acceleration resolving side is used for as claimed in claim 7 Method, it is characterised in that the impact point acceleration initial value in step b using 9 point Savitzky-Golay wave filter to acquisition Secondary noise reduction process is carried out, can be obtained by following formula:Wherein a 'iIt is the acceleration smooth value of impact point i, ai-4…ai+4It is the acceleration initial value obtained by step a.
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CN101871862A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-27 | 北京工业大学 | Novel method for recognizing rigidity between shearing type structure layers under environmental excitation |
CN102128725A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-07-20 | 李惠 | Method for monitoring health and pre-warning safety of large-span space structure |
CN102538742A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Deformation measurement and early warning system and method integrating satellite positioning and accelerometer |
CN102937646A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-20 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Health monitoring system for concrete structure |
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CN101871862A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-27 | 北京工业大学 | Novel method for recognizing rigidity between shearing type structure layers under environmental excitation |
CN102128725A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-07-20 | 李惠 | Method for monitoring health and pre-warning safety of large-span space structure |
CN102538742A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Deformation measurement and early warning system and method integrating satellite positioning and accelerometer |
CN102937646A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-20 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Health monitoring system for concrete structure |
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