CN104265478B - Determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults - Google Patents

Determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults Download PDF

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CN104265478B
CN104265478B CN201410363826.4A CN201410363826A CN104265478B CN 104265478 B CN104265478 B CN 104265478B CN 201410363826 A CN201410363826 A CN 201410363826A CN 104265478 B CN104265478 B CN 104265478B
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air inlet
pressure sensor
inlet pressure
diesel engine
engine controller
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CN104265478A (en
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崔涛
张付军
赵振峰
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

The invention discloses one and determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults, wherein determine whether abnormal method comprises the steps: step 1 to supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor, under diesel engine running status, measure the meansigma methods of the output voltage of air inlet pressure sensor in first 2 seconds, diesel engine controller judge whether this meansigma methods is in the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor;Step 2, if meansigma methods is beyond the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal, if air inlet pressure sensor is defined as exception, then judges whether sensor is fault according to the time of aberrant continuation.The method can reality quick diagnosis and being accurately positioned, it is achieved Fast-Maintenance.

Description

Determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic Control for Diesel Engine field, determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults particularly to one.
Background technology
Air inlet pressure sensor is the vitals of electronic diesel control, electric-control system calculates the tolerance actually entering cylinder according to the size of admission pressure, and then revise and restriction actual fuel injection amount, so, whether normal the state of air inlet pressure sensor is, and engine power performance, economy and discharge are had material impact.
At present, in diesel engine electric control system fault diagnosis technology, carry out failure judgement by directly measuring the voltage of sensor output.When output voltage exceedes the maximum magnitude that controller sets, namely judge sensor experiences failure.Its shortcoming is inaccurate by output voltage failure judgement, and when changing such as sensor characteristics or null offset occur, the method cannot detect, and missing inspection easily occurs.Secondly, output voltage is affected by power-supply system, if during power-supply system instability, flase drop easily occurs in the method.
It is disclosed in the information of this background section and is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, and be not construed as admitting or imply in any form that this information structure is for prior art that persons skilled in the art are known.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults, by comparison and detection during air inlet pressure sensor is run, realize the quick diagnosis to air inlet pressure sensor and be accurately positioned, increase the reliability of electric-control system, it is achieved Fast-Maintenance.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method determining that whether supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal, comprise the steps: step 1, under diesel engine running status, measure the meansigma methods of the output voltage of air inlet pressure sensor in first 2 seconds, diesel engine controller judge whether this meansigma methods is in the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor;Step 2, if meansigma methods is beyond the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal.
Preferably, in step 2, if meansigma methods is in the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor, then performing following steps: step 1a, before calculating, by diesel engine controller, the mean square deviation of admission pressure in 2s, judges that whether this mean square deviation is less than 0.15bar;Step 2a, if mean square deviation is more than 0.15bar, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal.
Preferably, in step 2a, if mean square deviation is less than 0.15bar, then perform following steps: step 1b, under diesel engine running status, calculate the estimated value of admission pressure, gather the measured value of air inlet pressure sensor simultaneously, and judged that whether the estimated value relative deviation with measured value is more than 30% by diesel engine controller;Step 2b, if the relative deviation of estimated value and measured value is more than 30%, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal.
Present invention also offers the method for diagnosing faults of a kind of supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor, if according to said method, diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal, then diesel engine controller carries out Abnormal lasting accumulation;If Abnormal lasting accumulation reaches the first predetermined value, then diesel engine controller assert that air inlet pressure sensor fault occurs.
Preferably, if diesel engine controller assert that air inlet pressure sensor fault occurs, then diesel engine controller carries out the persistent period accumulation of Failure elimination;If the persistent period accumulation of Failure elimination reaches the second predetermined value, then diesel engine controller assert air inlet pressure sensor Failure elimination.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that by the operating comparison and detection of air inlet pressure sensor, it is achieved to the quick diagnosis of air inlet pressure sensor be accurately positioned, increase the reliability of electric-control system, it is achieved Fast-Maintenance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is whether exception and the method for diagnosing faults schematic diagram of the determination supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 carries out hardware check in the method whether the determination supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to the present invention is abnormal to survey and the self-monitoring principle schematic of logic;
Fig. 3 is the performance diagram of the air inlet pressure sensor related in the present invention;
Fig. 4 carries out Detection of Stability and the principle schematic of estimated value comparison and detection in the method whether the determination supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to the present invention is abnormal;
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of the method for diagnosing faults of the supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is in operation to determine supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor whether exception and method for diagnosing faults schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of detailed description of the invention.
Explicitly indicate that unless otherwise other, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, term " includes " or its conversion will be understood to comprise the element or ingredient stated at such as " comprising " or " including " etc., and does not get rid of other element or other ingredient.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6; determination supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to the specific embodiment of the invention whether exception and method for diagnosing faults are based on the basis of existing sensor; quickly and accurately supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor to be carried out fault diagnosis by comparison and detection in shutting down self-inspection or running; no matter it is to increasing electric-control system reliability, or suffer from important practical significance to improving Fast-Maintenance.Specifically, after electric-control system powers on, under stopped status, air inlet pressure sensor, according to the intake pressure sensor signal collected, is carried out self-inspection by diesel engine controller.In diesel engine runs, controller carries out comparison and detection according to sensor signal.Self-inspection and comparison and detection can determine whether that whether sensor is abnormal, according to sensor abnormality duration, controller assert whether sensor breaks down again.Finally, according to the sensor recovery normal persistent period, controller can also assert whether fault eliminates.
As in figure 2 it is shown, after diesel engine electric control system powers on, during shutdown, air inlet pressure sensor power-on self-test is divided into hardware check and surveys and logic Autonomous test.
First, carry out sensor hardware Autonomous test, namely utilize the voltage signal of sensor acquisition to judge.Specifically, whether detection sensor output voltage value is beyond voltage range allowable, if exceeding the 110% of upper voltage limit value or lower than the 90% of lower voltage limit value, then controller judges that sensor occurs extremely, otherwise sensor hardware is without exception.Because after sensor design completes, its characteristic curve (relation of institute's measuring pressure and sensor output voltage) must is fulfilled for using area requirement.Therefore, when sensor output voltage outside characteristic curve (referring to Fig. 3), as beyond upper voltage limit value 110% or lower than the 90% of lower voltage limit value, then illustrate that institute's measuring pressure is not within use scope, not meeting sensor design, therefore controller detects that sensor occurs extremely.It addition, general sensor processing all has error, therefore bound is not a particular value, have slight deviations but must within 5%, the sensor upper voltage limit such as design is 3V, then actual sensor upper voltage limit should between 2.85V~3.15V.Therefore testing conditions should be greater than 5%, therefore the 110% of capping voltage, the 90% of lower limit.If sensor output voltage exceeds 10% this scope, then illustrate that sensor has exception.
Secondly, if sensor is surveyed by hardware check, then carrying out logic Autonomous test, otherwise skip logic self-inspection, as in figure 2 it is shown, in logic Autonomous test, first determine whether that the measured value of current admission pressure is with or without the maximum magnitude beyond ambient value.Wherein, ambient pressure refers to the surveyed admission pressure when diesel engine shuts down, and ambient pressure is relevant to height above sea level, in the region considering that diesel engine is possibly used, admission pressure should be greater than 0.04Mpa (corresponding 5000m height above sea level), less than 0.12Mpa (corresponding negative height above sea level), China's electromotor uses scope in the terrestrial range of height above sea level 5000m to-200m, the ambient pressure of 5000m correspondence 0.04MPa,-200m correspondence 0.12MPa, using the surveyed ambient pressure must within the scope of this, therefore super going beyond the scope be irrational.If admission pressure is not in this scope, namely higher than 0.12MPa or during lower than 0.04MPa, controller judges that exception occurs in sensor hardware, otherwise without exception.When occurring abnormal, do not carry out next step and judge.If the measured value of current admission pressure is without departing from ambient value maximum magnitude (as shown in Fig. 2 mid portion); concrete detection effective environment force value of storage when pre-test admission pressure value and front once shutdown again; as shown in Fig. 2 right part; if the absolute value of both deviations is more than 0.03MPa; then illustrate when this powers on previous subnormal shut down time; residing for vehicle, height above sea level difference more than 3000m, does not meet use convention.China is absent from normal throw within the border at 3000m, and just can climb to rapidly the landform of mountain top (midway is not parking).Adopting this kind of determination methods is owing to height above sea level gradually changes in process, so admission pressure when front and back are shut down for twice is gradual, if there is sudden change, illustrates that admission pressure is abnormal.Therefore, when deviation is big, diesel engine controller judges that sensor hardware occurs extremely, otherwise sensor hardware is without exception.
As shown in Figure 4, after diesel engine operates, controller carries out comparison and detection according to intake pressure sensor signal, including: the Detection of Stability to sensor institute output voltage values, and the estimated value comparison and detection that admission pressure measured value calculates with diesel engine controller.
First, air inlet pressure sensor Detection of Stability is carried out.The sensor voltage value collected in 2s (is had 8 collections, respectively u by controller in 2s1,u2…u8), it then follows the principle of FIFO leaves in its internal memory.The average voltage subsequently 8 times gathered, see formula 1, judge that average voltage u is whether in sensor tolerance zone, if meansigma methods exceedes sensor tolerance zone, then represent running status lower sensor brownout (open circuit and ground short circuit) or too high (with power supply short circuit), then controller judges that in operation, sensor hardware occurs abnormal.If normal, enter next step detection, otherwise do not enter the detection of next step mean square deviation.
u ‾ = 1 N ( u 1 + u 2 + · · · + u N ) , ( N = 8 ) - - - ( 1 )
Secondly, the average voltage that previous step is calculated by controller is converted into admission pressure according to sensor characteristics, and is stored in controller internal memory.8 air inlet pressure force value (the respectively x calculated in record 2s continuously1,x2…x8), 8 air inlet pressure force value are solved mean square deviation δ, computing formula is shown in formula 2.Controlling to judge that whether mean square deviation δ is less than 0.15bar, if the condition of being unsatisfactory for, sensor occurs abnormal, no longer carries out estimated value comparison and detection.
δ = 1 N Σ i = 1 N ( x i - x ‾ ) 2 , ( N = 8 ) - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, the every 250ms of controller gathers once, and 2s gathers 8 times altogether, and these 8 measured values can be calculated mean square deviation by above-mentioned formula 2.If virtual connection fault occurs in sensor in running, namely maximum during measurement value sensor (or minimum), time and normal, the now violent saltus step of measured value.When sensor is normal, measured value is gradual, and mean square deviation is within 0.05.Actual experimental occurred virtual connection fault in the past, processes according to fault data and obtain mean square deviation at more than 0.15bar, therefore take 0.15bar.So, 0.15bar is obtained by test data.
Finally, contrast air inlet pressure sensor estimated value (the air inlet pressure force value that controller calculates according to other data) and measured value (by the actual air inlet pressure force value measured of sensor).Wherein, air inlet pressure sensor estimated value calculates and includes following a few step:
1) diesel engine controller calculates the basic estimated value p ' of admission pressure according to rotating speed and circulating fuel injection quantityim, computational methods are as shown in Equation 3.Controller has stored basic admission pressure estimated value p 'imWith the performance plot of rotating speed n and circulation oil mass Q, controller obtains p ' by look-up-table functionim
p′im=f (n, Q) (3)
2) calculating correction factor ε, this correction factor is used under different operating modes, the time dependent correction of air inlet overpressure.Calculate correction factor ε computing formula as shown in Equation 4.Wherein coefficient a is obtained by formula 5.The performance plot of coefficient a and rotating speed n and circulation oil mass Q, controller obtains a by look-up-table function.
ε=e-at(4)
A=f (n, Q) (5)
3) air inlet pressure sensor estimated value is calculated
p ^ im = ( 1 - ϵ ) · p im ′ - - - ( 6 )
4) estimated value is calculatedWith measured value deviation α, computing formula is as shown in Equation 7.
α = | p im - p ^ im | p ^ im - - - ( 7 )
Work as estimated valueWith measured value pimDeviation α more than 30% time to assert that sensor occurs abnormal, otherwise sensor hardware is without exception.It should be noted that estimated value is in line computation, owing to controller computing capability is inadequate, therefore there is error with actual measured value, be typically in about 25%.Therefore take 30%, it is prevented that because calculating error causing trouble mistaken diagnosis.
As it is shown in figure 5, the self-inspection of above-mentioned air inlet pressure sensor and comparison and detection only to judge that sensor has without exception, also need to judge that sensor has fault-free by the fault identification based on continuous time.Namely when the abnormal persistent period occurred more than the first predetermined value time, assert that fault occurs.When sensor fault has occurred and that, then controller starts to judge that sensor is with or without recovering normal, if abnormality disappears, when the normal condition persistent period is more than the second predetermined value, assert that fault eliminates.Wherein, above-mentioned first predetermined value and the second predetermined value specifically could be arranged to 500, because, general, the elapsed time clock of control system is 4ms, as long as in 2s, abnormal occur and unbroken words always, and diesel engine controller assert that fault occurs, in like manner, abnormality disappears, and when the time of recovery normal continuous reaches 2s, diesel engine controller assert that fault eliminates.Specific as follows:
1) when fault had not occurred in air inlet pressure sensor, then air inlet pressure sensor breakdown judge is carried out;Break down if air inlet pressure sensor has been assert, then carry out air inlet pressure sensor trouble shooting judgement.
2) when fault had not occurred in air inlet pressure sensor, air inlet pressure sensor did not occur extremely yet, now illustrated that air inlet pressure sensor is in normal operating conditions, and therefore anomalous counts value resets, air inlet pressure sensor fault-free.
3) when fault had not occurred in air inlet pressure sensor, but air inlet pressure sensor occurs abnormal, now illustrate air inlet pressure sensor problematic but it cannot be assumed that fault occur, therefore anomalous counts is increased, by whether time (anomalous counts the illustrates fault duration) failure judgement of aberrant continuation truly occurs.If in running, when anomalous counts accumulation reaches the first predetermined value, then controller assert that fault occurs.Now, fault recovery count value to reset, and uses when recovering to judge in order to air inlet pressure sensor.If in running, anomalous counts not up to the first predetermined value, does not then change air inlet pressure sensor state, and namely air inlet pressure sensor is considered normal condition.
4) when air inlet pressure sensor breaks down, but no abnormality seen during air inlet pressure sensor detection, now illustrate that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal to disappear but it cannot be assumed that fault releases, therefore fault recovery counting is increased, by whether the abnormal duration that disappears (fault recovery counting illustrates Failure elimination duration) failure judgement really eliminates.If in running, when fault recovery count accumulation reaches the second predetermined value, then Failure elimination assert by controller.Now, anomalous counts value to reset, and uses during in order to air inlet pressure sensor breakdown judge.If in running, fault recovery counts not up to the second predetermined value, then do not change air inlet pressure sensor state, and namely air inlet pressure sensor is considered malfunction.
5) when air inlet pressure sensor breaks down, also there is exception in air inlet pressure sensor detection simultaneously, now illustrates that air inlet pressure sensor is still within malfunction.Therefore fault recovery count value resets, and controller thinks that air inlet pressure sensor is in malfunction all the time.
The aforementioned description to the specific illustrative embodiment of the present invention illustrates that and the purpose of illustration.These describe and are not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned instruction, it is possible to carry out much changing and change.Purpose exemplary embodiment selected and describe is in that to explain the certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, so that those skilled in the art is capable of and utilizes the various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. the method determining that whether supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1, under diesel engine running status, measures the meansigma methods of the output voltage of air inlet pressure sensor in first 2 seconds, diesel engine controller judges whether this meansigma methods is in the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor;
Step 2, if described meansigma methods is beyond the voltage range allowable of described air inlet pressure sensor, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal;
In described step 2, if described meansigma methods is in the voltage range allowable of air inlet pressure sensor, then perform following steps:
Step 1a, before calculating, by diesel engine controller, the mean square deviation of admission pressure in 2s, judges that whether this mean square deviation is less than 0.15bar;
Step 2a, if described mean square deviation is more than 0.15bar, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal.
2. the method determining that whether supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 2a, if described mean square deviation is less than 0.15bar, then perform following steps:
Step 1b, under diesel engine running status, calculates the estimated value of admission pressure, gathers the measured value of air inlet pressure sensor simultaneously, and is judged that whether the described estimated value relative deviation with described measured value is more than 30% by diesel engine controller;
Step 2b, if the relative deviation of described estimated value and described measured value is more than 30%, then diesel engine controller determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal.
3. the method for diagnosing faults of a supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor, it is characterised in that if diesel engine controller method according to claim 1 and 2 determines that air inlet pressure sensor is abnormal, then diesel engine controller carries out Abnormal lasting accumulation;
If Abnormal lasting accumulation reaches the first predetermined value, then diesel engine controller assert that air inlet pressure sensor fault occurs.
4. the method for diagnosing faults of supercharged diesel engine air inlet pressure sensor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that if diesel engine controller assert that air inlet pressure sensor fault occurs, then diesel engine controller carries out the persistent period accumulation of Failure elimination;
If the persistent period accumulation of Failure elimination reaches the second predetermined value, then diesel engine controller assert air inlet pressure sensor Failure elimination.
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