CN104260350A - 3D printing device with rotary type digital valve - Google Patents
3D printing device with rotary type digital valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN104260350A CN104260350A CN201410473585.9A CN201410473585A CN104260350A CN 104260350 A CN104260350 A CN 104260350A CN 201410473585 A CN201410473585 A CN 201410473585A CN 104260350 A CN104260350 A CN 104260350A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing device with a rotary type digital valve. The rotary type digital valve is used as a control element of a 3D printing injection system and consists of parts including a valve element, a valve sleeve, a valve body, a displacement sensor and the like from inside to outside. Groove openings which are periodically distributed are formed in two convex shoulders of the valve element, and a feeding hole and a negative-pressure hole which correspond to the valve element are formed in the surface of the corresponding valve sleeve; the valve element is driven by the motor to rotate; and periodic rapid on-off is realized by combining the position change of symmetrical triangular grooves of the feeding hole, the negative-pressure hole and the valve element, so that the high-frequency output of injected liquid drops is realized. The device has a linkage suction-back structure so that a phenomenon that liquid of the two times of injection drops due to gravity can be eliminated and the reliability is high. Therefore, the output flow of the injection liquid drops is rapidly increased along the high-speed rotation of the valve element by virtue of a rotary on-off structure; and the 3D printing device with the rotary type digital valve is particularly applicable to the high-frequency response and large-flow industrial rapid forming field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device for rapid shaping, particularly relates to a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve.
Background technology
The 3D printing technique of current main-stream, by successively superposition and the curing molding of material, realizes manufacturing fast.In individual layer print procedure, in printhead working chamber, fluent material forms drop under the effect of external motivating force, and is ejected into relevant position with certain frequency and speed.Therefore, stable, accurately and fast droplet ejection be the key guaranteeing 3D print quality.
3D droplet ejection mainly contains hot bubble type, piezoelectric type and valve-regulated three kinds of forms.Hot bubble type (as referenced patent 200980159776.5) is by being heated to 300 DEG C to produce vapor bubbles by fluent material, extruding is separated at nozzle place to make material; But elevated heating processes proposes rigors to printed material and shower nozzle, significantly have compressed its scope of application.Piezoelectric type is (as referenced patent 201110098956.6, US10035055) principle utilizing piezoelectric to produce deformation when being energized realizes spraying, have that injection apparatus is simple, accuracy of spray comparatively advantages of higher, but because of piezoelectric deformation range limited, be mainly used in small flow system.Valve-regulated (as referenced patent US005988807A) forms discrete liquid droplets by the fast opening and closing of spool, increase spool aperture and can promote injection flow rapidly, in the face of the large discharge demand that technical grade 3D prints, this spray regime becomes study hotspot gradually.But it still exists following some shortcomings, main manifestations is:
1) printing effect as core index is still not enough, constrains the further large-scale promotion that 3D prints.Current valve-regulated injection mainly adopts Direct Action Type switch valve, and this valve each keying cycle all exists spool acceleration and deceleration process, and opening and closing time is long; Especially, under large discharge operating mode, the adverse effect that spool opens and closes inertia force is more remarkable, seriously constrains the lifting of printing effect thus.
2) reliability of valve-regulated injection increases with output flow and reduces, and flow enhancement runs into bottleneck.In the face of large discharge 3D prints demand, because the aperture size of spool is limited, valve-regulated injection promotes flow usually through increase valve core diameter, but significantly adds weight and the inertia of spool.Under high velocity jet, the inertia impact of large quality spool forces output pressure and flow to fluctuate, and prints reliability and reduces rapidly thereupon.
3) easily there is micro-liquid drippage between twice injection, restriction letter quality.Complete once spray, in time of not starting of secondary injection, the liquid in shower nozzle easily drips at Action of Gravity Field, this has had a strong impact on the precision printed.Current valve-regulated injection (as referenced patent WO058373A2) lacks the effective control to liquid drippage, inhibits the further lifting of printing precision.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of rotary digital valve being applicable to 3D print system, by the quick on-off of rotary valve body, realizes the accurate drop injection of high frequency sound, large discharge, is particularly useful for the rapid shaping of large scale product.
Specific embodiment of the invention scheme is: a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve, comprise 3D atomizing of liquids feed arrangement, the rotary digital valve be connected with feed arrangement outlet end, the printing head be connected with rotary digital valve discharging opening, the raw material cavity of the conveying passage that can be communicated with printing head to form 3D atomizing of liquids is provided with in described rotary digital valve, described raw material cavity is also communicated with negative pressure line, described negative pressure line is connected with negative pressure device, when printing head stops material spray, negative pressure device controls to control raw material cavity through negative pressure line and forms negative pressure and drip because of gravity to prevent the 3D atomizing of liquids liquid in printing head.
Further, described rotary digital valve comprises:
One valve body: offer the charging aperture be communicated with feed arrangement on the left of valve body, the negative pressure mouth be communicated with negative tube on the right side of valve body, the discharging opening be communicated with printing head;
One valve pocket: described valve is fixed in valve body, the discharge opening that the body of described valve pocket is provided with the charging hole be communicated with charging aperture, the negative pressure hole be communicated with negative pressure mouth and is communicated with discharging opening;
One spool: described spool is fixed in valve body, described spool comprise be sheathed in a rotating shaft and with the left convex shoulder of rotating shaft synchronous rotary and right convex shoulder, described rotating shaft one end is connected with drive unit with valve body through valve pocket, space in described valve pocket between left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder forms raw material cavity, described left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder form spring cavity and control chamber with valve pocket two medial extremity respectively, described control chamber is communicated with to drive left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder to slide axially along rotating shaft through solenoid control with spring cavity, when left convex shoulder outer wall covers charging hole, raw material cavity is connected with negative pressure hole, when right convex shoulder outer wall covers negative pressure hole, left convex shoulder is communicated with raw material cavity.
Further, described left shoulder surface has the left notch array of periodic distribution, right shoulder surface has the right notch array of periodic distribution, described any one take valve core axis as the plane on border, only one of them is crossing with left notch array and right notch array, and to make when left notch is positioned at below charging hole, negative pressure hole and right notch misplace, when right notch is positioned at below negative pressure hole, fuel feed hole and left notch misplace.
Further, described left notch array is triangular groove array, described right notch array is also triangular groove array, the shape of described left notch and right notch is isosceles triangle, described charging hole and negative pressure hole cross section are rhombus, the interior acute angle of described charging hole is equal with left notch drift angle, and the interior acute angle of negative pressure hole is equal with right notch drift angle.
Further, the long-diagonal distance value of described rhombus charging aperture is equal with spool axial distance value between the maximum displacement place charging hole outer dead centre moved right and left notch array outer dead centre; The long-diagonal distance value of negative pressure hole is equal with spool axial distance value between the maximum displacement place negative pressure hole outer dead centre be moved to the left and right notch outer dead centre.
Further, described left convex shoulder deviates from right convex shoulder side and is connected with reference test bar through valve pocket and valve body, and described reference test bar is connected with displacement transducer.
Further, described left notch array and the triangular groove number of right notch array are 2 ~ 12, and the long-diagonal length of described charging hole and negative pressure hole is 4 ~ 15mm.
Further, described left convex shoulder is connected by spring towards left convex shoulder inwall with valve pocket.
Further, described feed arrangement comprises the material cartridge being built-in with heater, and described material cartridge is connected with rotary digital valve by the road, and described pipeline is provided with filter, pump and check valve.
Further, described drive unit is motor, and described rotating shaft and spool adopt spline or flat key to be connected, and spool and valve pocket mating surface are provided with valve core seal ring.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) by spool convex shoulder being arranged mechanical PWM structure, the injection frequency that 3D prints significantly is improved.On the radial circumference of spool convex shoulder, periodically have array notch arrangement; With the Spool rotating of driven by motor, the runner property performance period quick on-off that this structure and stationary valve put, the frequency of regulation output drop thus.Accelerate motor speed and increase notch number, all can promote injection frequency rapidly.
2) by rotary switch valve arrangement, the bottleneck that conventional spray mode flow is low is breached.This rotary digital valve utilizes Spool rotating to overcome the spool inertia problem of tradition valve-regulated (as guiding valve, cone valve structure).Spool has Liquid output stream road, in conjunction with the High Rotation Speed of spool by the flow enhancement of liquid droplets to more than 10L/min, be particularly useful for the rapid shaping of large scale product.
3) this device has linkage structure, can eliminate the phenomenon that between twice injection, liquid drips because of gravity, and 3D print quality is high.When complete once spray time, set negative pressure device works, the resorption a little of the liquid in nozzle, to avoid before spraying next time liquid because of gravity to drip, this negative pressure device is closed automatically when second time injection beginning, thereby eliminates the liquid drippage problem having a strong impact on print quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the syndeton schematic diagram printing spraying system based on 3D of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of digital valve internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 2 C-C section of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be on embodiment of the present invention spool open the location diagram of diamond hole on triangular groove and valve pocket.
Fig. 5 is the location diagram that embodiment of the present invention spool is in limit on the right-right-hand limit position spool triangular groove and diamond hole.
Fig. 6 is the location diagram that embodiment of the present invention spool is in limit on the left position spool triangular groove and diamond hole.
Fig. 7 characterizes the position relationship of triangular groove and diamond hole under valve core reset state.
Fig. 8 characterizes the present invention's operation principle schematic diagram in the state of a spray.
Fig. 9 characterizes the operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention under resorption state.
In figure: 1, main material box, 2, heater, 3, pump, 4, overflow valve, 5, filter, 6, check valve, 7, rotary digital valve, 8, printing head, 9, negative pressure device, 9A, auxiliary material box, 9B, air cleaner, 10, first high-speed switch valve, 11, valve body, 12, valve pocket, 12A, left diamond hole, 12B, right diamond hole, 13, spool, 13A, left triangular groove array, 13B, right triangular groove array, 14, valve pocket end cap, 15, valve gap, 16, motor, 16A, motor output shaft, 17, seal spool coil array, 18, control chamber, 19, second high-speed switch valve, 20, spring, 21, spring cavity, 22, displacement transducer, 22A, reference test bar.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 illustrates embodiment of the present invention and has rotary digital valve 7 and print overall structure in spraying system at 3D.In the main material box 1 with heater 2, put into material in system to heat, make it meet injection conditions.When the left position work of rotary digital valve 7, material through main material box 1, pump 3, filter 5, check valve 6, rotary digital valve 7, then ejects successively from printing head 8; Rotary digital valve 7 is the key elements printing spraying system, realize in this spraying system course of work of output of discrete liquid by the rotation of spool 13, the weeping of liquid under Action of Gravity Field, rotary digital valve 7 is communicated with and is communicated with negative pressure device 9 by the road, when stopping charging, printing head 8 and negative pressure device 9 are connected, under suction function, fluent material in printing head 8 forms resorption state a little, avoids the weeping of liquid under Action of Gravity Field.
Fig. 2 ~ 3 schematically illustrate the schematic diagram of rotary digital valve 7 structure of embodiment of the present invention.
Rotary digital valve comprises valve body 11, valve pocket 12, spool 13 and displacement transducer 22; Wherein: it is inner that valve pocket 12 is arranged on valve body 11, it is inner that spool 13 is arranged on valve pocket 12, and displacement transducer 22 is arranged on valve body 11 end face; Rotary digital valve 7 is two-position three way structure, and three ports on valve body 11 connect fluid input port, printing head 8 and negative pressure device 9 respectively.Valve pocket is also provided with the hole be communicated with three ports, comprises in figure and be positioned at the charging hole (being communicated with fluid input port) in left side, the discharge opening (being communicated with printing head 8) of right side negative pressure hole (being communicated with negative pressure device 9) and below.
Spool 13 is driven by motor 16 and realizes rotating, output shaft and the spool of described motor adopt spline or flat key to be connected, spool and valve pocket mating surface are sealed by seal spool coil array 17, spool 13 comprises two parts and left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder, left shoulder surface has the left notch array of periodic distribution, right shoulder surface has the right notch array of periodic distribution, described any one take valve core axis as the plane on border, only one of them is crossing with left notch array and right notch array, to make when left notch is positioned at below charging hole, negative pressure hole and right notch misplace, when right notch is positioned at below negative pressure hole, fuel feed hole and left notch misplace.
The present invention devises spool and periodically has that array notch arrangement coordinates charging hole, the structure of negative pressure hole realizes the quick on-off of discharge opening.
In the present embodiment, left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder shoulder surface have the left triangular groove array 13A(of periodic distribution and left notch array) and right triangular groove array 13B(and right notch array), valve pocket 12 inner surface corresponding thereto has left diamond hole 12A(and charging hole) and right diamond hole 12B(and negative pressure hole).
Left diamond hole 12A and right diamond hole 12B is rhombus, and left diamond hole 12A is consistent with the shape and structure of right diamond hole 12B.
The triangular groove of left triangular groove array 13A and right triangular groove array 13B is isosceles triangle, and left triangular groove array 13A is consistent with the triangular groove shape and structure of right triangular groove array 13B.
The interior sharp angle α 1 of left diamond hole 12A is equal with the triangular groove apex angle α 2 of left triangular groove array 13A, and the interior sharp angle α 3 of right diamond hole 12B is equal with the triangular groove apex angle α 4 of right triangular groove array 13B.The long-diagonal distance value of left diamond hole 12A
h2, and spool 13 axial distance value between maximum displacement place moved right left diamond hole 12A outer dead centre and left triangular groove array 13A outer dead centre
h1 is equal; The long-diagonal distance value of right diamond hole 12B
h4, and spool 13 axial distance value between maximum displacement place be moved to the left right diamond hole 12B outer dead centre and right triangular groove array 13B outer dead centre
h3 is equal.
Displacement transducer 22 is connected with spool 13 by reference test bar 22A, the end face that spool 13 is connected with reference test bar 22A, and form the spring cavity 21 with ft connection with valve pocket 10 inner face, the left convex shoulder of spring cavity 21 inner spool is connected by spring 20 with valve pocket 12; The right convex shoulder of spool 13 with form the control chamber 18 be outwards communicated with between valve pocket end cap 14.
Fig. 4 ~ 6 represent that spool 13 is when being in diverse location, open the location diagram of diamond hole on triangular groove and valve pocket.The left triangular groove array 13A that spool 13 is opened and right triangular groove array 13B is the emphasis that rotary digital valve 7 designs.Composition graphs 2, along the circumferential direction launches the convex shoulder part corresponding to left triangular groove array 13A and right triangular groove array 13B; Simultaneously by playing the left diamond hole 12A of liquid inlet effect and the right diamond hole 12B connecting negative pressure device 9, project to respectively in the expanded view of left triangular groove array 13A and right triangular groove array 13B.It should be noted that, when left diamond hole 12A is communicated with left triangular groove array 13A, right diamond hole 12B and right triangular groove array 13B is in off-state, avoid thus directly detaching from B mouth through negative pressure device 9 from the liquid of P mouth input, antisense is as the same.Upper left chamfered groove array 13A is identical with each triangular groove structure of right triangular groove array 13B.Meanwhile, due to the switching frequency of rotary digital valve 7 of the present invention, equal the triangular groove number product of motor 16 rotating speed and left triangular groove array 13A, therefore increase motor speed and triangular groove number, rotary digital valve 7 obtains high switching frequency.
For ease of analyzing, hereinafter the ratio of liquid output state and the non-output state of liquid being defined as " dutycycle ", this parameter and Spool rotating speed, determining speed and the frequency of injection.
As shown in Figure 4, the left diamond hole 12A that valve pocket 12 is opened and right diamond hole 12B is diamond shaped, and the restriction loss of this structure is little.The fit structure of diamond hole and triangular groove array, the area change gradient be engaged in the unit interval than circular hole is large, and during the transition of "ON" "Off", required time is short, energy loss is little.For accurately controlling dutycycle, as shown in Figure 5, the interior sharp angle α 1 of left diamond hole 12A is equal with the triangular groove apex angle α 2 of left triangular groove array 13A, and as Fig. 6, the interior sharp angle α 3 of right diamond hole 12B is equal with the triangular groove apex angle α 4 of right triangular groove array 13B.Simultaneously, for realizing dutycycle wide variation between 0 ~ 100% of rotary digital valve 7, when spool 13 is in limit on the right-right-hand limit position, as shown in Figure 5, the triangular groove top of left triangular groove array 13A to the axial distance value h1 of the outer dead centre of left diamond hole 12A, with the long-diagonal of left diamond hole 12A
h2 is equal; When spool 13 is in limit on the left position, as shown in Figure 6, the triangular groove summit of right triangular groove array 13B is to the axial distance value of the outer dead centre of right diamond hole 12B
h3, with the long-diagonal of right diamond hole 12B
h4 is equal.
Fig. 7 characterizes the position relationship of triangular groove and diamond hole under valve core reset state.The now limit on the right-right-hand limit position of the corresponding spool 13 of left diamond hole 12A, with the rotation of spool, left diamond hole 12A is not communicated with left triangular groove array 13A, and liquid does not input, and does not namely spray, and mechanical dutycycle is 0%.Meanwhile, right diamond hole 12B is positioned at the high order end of right triangular groove array 13B, and be in connected state at spool 13 rotation status bottom right diamond hole 12B and right triangular groove array 13B, the mechanical dutycycle namely communicated with negative pressure device 9 reaches as high as 100%.So when valve core reset works, composition graphs 2, printing head 8 communicates with negative pressure device 9 all the time, thus avoid the weeping of printing head 5.
Fig. 8 ~ 9 characterize spray regime of the present invention and resorption operation schematic diagram.When being in spray regime, liquid is entered by the P mouth on valve body 11, and communicates with printing head 8 through A mouth, and now B mouth is closed, and realizes the injection of liquid thus.After completing once injection, enter resorption state; Now, the P mouth of valve body 11 is closed, and printing head 8 is connected with negative pressure device 9 after B mouth through A mouth, and the small size resorption of the liquid in printing head 8, avoids liquid drip leakage with this, ready for spraying next time.
As in the resorption state embodiment of Fig. 9, negative pressure device 9 is made up of the auxiliary material box 9A communicated with air and air cleaner 9B, and the liquid level in auxiliary material box 9A is lower than the minimum level height in printing head 8, and the two liquid level difference is
h.Utilize the first high-speed switch valve 10 to control to enter the liquid level of liquid in auxiliary material box 9A, obtained the resorption negative pressure value of satisfied different injection demand by adjustment liquid level difference thus.
The triangular groove number of left triangular groove array 13A and right triangular groove array 13B is 2 ~ 12, and the value of the long-diagonal h2 of left diamond hole 12A and right diamond hole 12B is: 4 ~ 15mm.
Control chamber is communicated with to drive left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder to slide axially along rotating shaft through solenoid control with spring cavity, the displacement of displacement transducer 22 Real-Time Monitoring spool 13 and as actual spool 13 position feed back signal, and by spool 13 closed-loop control, improve spool 13 control accuracy.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind has the 3D printing equipment of rotary digital valve, it is characterized in that, comprise 3D atomizing of liquids feed arrangement, the rotary digital valve be connected with feed arrangement outlet end, the printing head be connected with rotary digital valve discharging opening, the raw material cavity of the conveying passage that can be communicated with printing head to form 3D atomizing of liquids is provided with in described rotary digital valve, described raw material cavity is also communicated with negative pressure line, described negative pressure line is connected with negative pressure device, when printing head stops material spray, negative pressure device controls to control raw material cavity through negative pressure line and forms negative pressure and drip because of gravity to prevent the 3D atomizing of liquids liquid in printing head.
2. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 1, described rotary digital valve comprises:
One valve body: offer the charging aperture be communicated with feed arrangement on the left of valve body, the negative pressure mouth be communicated with negative tube on the right side of valve body, the discharging opening be communicated with printing head;
One valve pocket: described valve is fixed in valve body, the discharge opening that the body of described valve pocket is provided with the charging hole be communicated with charging aperture, the negative pressure hole be communicated with negative pressure mouth and is communicated with discharging opening;
One spool: described spool is fixed in valve body, described spool comprise be sheathed in a rotating shaft and with the left convex shoulder of rotating shaft synchronous rotary and right convex shoulder, described rotating shaft one end is connected with drive unit with valve body through valve pocket, space in described valve pocket between left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder forms raw material cavity, described left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder form spring cavity and control chamber with valve pocket two medial extremity respectively, described control chamber is communicated with to drive left convex shoulder and right convex shoulder to slide axially along rotating shaft through solenoid control with spring cavity, when left convex shoulder outer wall covers charging hole, raw material cavity is connected with negative pressure hole, when right convex shoulder outer wall covers negative pressure hole, left convex shoulder is communicated with raw material cavity.
3. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 2, described left shoulder surface has the left notch array of periodic distribution, right shoulder surface has the right notch array of periodic distribution, described any one take valve core axis as the plane on border, only one of them is crossing with left notch array and right notch array, to make when left notch is positioned at below charging hole, negative pressure hole and right notch misplace, when right notch is positioned at below negative pressure hole, fuel feed hole and left notch misplace.
4. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 3, described left notch array is triangular groove array, described right notch array is also triangular groove array, the shape of described left notch and right notch is isosceles triangle, described charging hole and negative pressure hole cross section are rhombus, the interior acute angle of described charging hole is equal with left notch drift angle, and the interior acute angle of negative pressure hole is equal with right notch drift angle.
5. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 4, the long-diagonal distance value of described rhombus charging aperture is equal with spool axial distance value between the maximum displacement place charging hole outer dead centre moved right and left notch array outer dead centre; The long-diagonal distance value of negative pressure hole is equal with spool axial distance value between the maximum displacement place negative pressure hole outer dead centre be moved to the left and right notch outer dead centre.
6. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 1, described left convex shoulder deviates from right convex shoulder side and is connected with reference test bar through valve pocket and valve body, and described reference test bar is connected with displacement transducer.
7. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 4, described left notch array and the triangular groove number of right notch array are 2 ~ 12, and the long-diagonal length of described charging hole and negative pressure hole is 4 ~ 15mm.
8., according to a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve described in claim 1 or 6, described left convex shoulder is connected by spring towards left convex shoulder inwall with valve pocket.
9. according to a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 1, described feed arrangement comprises the material cartridge being built-in with heater, described material cartridge is connected with rotary digital valve by the road, and described pipeline is provided with filter, pump and check valve.
10. a kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve according to claim 2, described drive unit is motor, and described rotating shaft and spool adopt spline or flat key to be connected, and spool and valve pocket mating surface are provided with valve core seal ring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410473585.9A CN104260350B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | A kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410473585.9A CN104260350B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | A kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve |
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| CN104260350A true CN104260350A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| CN104260350B CN104260350B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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| CN201410473585.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104260350B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | A kind of 3D printing equipment with rotary digital valve |
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| CN114889119A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-12 | 南京理工大学 | Single-channel multi-heating-module printing nozzle for granular materials |
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| KR101692978B1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-01-04 | 민치훈 | 3d printer that implements the fragrance material |
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| CN104260350B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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