CN104257965A - 一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104257965A
CN104257965A CN201410497801.3A CN201410497801A CN104257965A CN 104257965 A CN104257965 A CN 104257965A CN 201410497801 A CN201410497801 A CN 201410497801A CN 104257965 A CN104257965 A CN 104257965A
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周红玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种内服用于内服、外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药的制备方法,属于中药技术领域,内服药物由下述原料药制成:三七、当归、菟丝子、杜仲、茯苓、枸杞子、肉苁蓉、淫羊藿、白芷、牛膝、防风、黄芪、党参、乳香、鹿衔草、鸡血藤、骨碎补、没药、血竭、牛膝、鹿茸、半夏、石斛、红花、羌活、骨碎补、鸡血藤、生草乌、杜仲、远志、丹参、细辛、五加皮、秦艽、穿山甲。本发明中药具有补益肝肾、活血祛瘀,清肿止痛、舒筋活络的功效,避免了西医手术治疗带来的术后之痛。有效解决了手术疗法后复发率高等弊端难点。患者内服、外用本发明药物可快速遏制消除症状,促进局部新陈代谢,消除肌肉痉挛,改善关节功能,缓解疼痛症状。

Description

一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体说是一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
膝关节骨质增生是关节软骨的退行性病变。膝关节骨质增生的症状是膝关节有酸痛、胀痛感,长时间行走、剧烈活动、受凉或阴雨天则症状加重。上、下楼困难,下楼时膝关节发软,易摔倒。蹲起时疼痛,僵硬,被运动时膝关节常有响声。人们随着年龄的增长,由于扭伤挫伤等外伤史使得半月板损伤,软骨破裂等日久会发生异常改变,使得软骨基质发生改变,胶原纤维增加,软骨弹性降低,纤维化现象严重,由此发生异常改变,导致膝关节边缘的骨过度生长,形成可以看见和摸到的包块,由此导致骨质增生。过度负重、肥胖等可以使膝关节承受负荷增加,也会加速膝关节发生退行性病变导致膝关节骨质增生的发展。
目前膝关节骨质增生的治疗方法有很多,有中、西医药物治疗;手术治疗;激素治疗,激素治疗也属于药物治疗,但有其特殊性;物理治疗,主要通过超声波、超短波、磁疗热疗等。这些治疗方法中中医中药治疗具有疗效好、复发率低、无痛苦、无毒副作用等特点,但现有的中药组方较为繁杂,并且有些中药目前的价格昂贵,不易配制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要解决现有技术存在的问题,提供一种疗效确切,治愈率高的内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药及其制备方法,用于治疗膝关节骨质增生效果明显。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药,其特征是,包括内服药物和外用药物;
所述内服药物由下述重量的原料制成:一种内服、外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药的制备方法,其特征是,由下述中药原料制成一天的剂量:三七10克,当归15克,菟丝子10克,杜仲15克,茯苓15克,枸杞子15克,肉苁蓉15克,淫羊藿15克,白芷15克,牛膝15克,防风15克,黄芪15克,党参15克,乳香20克,鹿衔草20克,鸡血藤20克,骨碎补20克,没药20克,血竭6克。
所述外用药物由下述重量的原料制成:牛膝10克,鹿茸10克,半夏10克,石斛10克,红花10克,羌活15克,骨碎补15克,鸡血藤15克,生草乌15克,杜仲20克,远志20克,丹参30克,细辛8克,五加皮6克,秦艽6克,穿山甲3克。
一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
内服药物的制备方法:
①根据上述的重量称取内服药物原料,
②将步骤①中称取的内服药物原料置于砂锅中,然后加水至没过原料2-5cm,浸泡10-20min后,加热至50℃,加盖保温20-50min;然后大火加热至沸腾,转小火煎煮30-90min,过滤,得滤液一,滤渣留于锅中,加水至没过滤渣,继续煎煮10-20min,过滤,得滤液二;
③将滤液一和滤液二合并,混合,即得内服药物;
外用药物的制备方法:
1)根据上述的重量称取外用药物原料,
2)将步骤1)中称取的外用药物原料用纱布包好,放入砂锅中煎煮20分钟,5分钟后捞出纱布包,晾干,煎煮液体即为外用药物。
本发明提供了一种内服、外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药的使用方法,其特征是,
所述内服中药每日一剂,每剂两次;
所述外用药物,每日第二次服用内服中药后熏洗患处膝关节15-20分钟,熏洗后将纱布包敷于患处1-2小时,每日1次,30天为一疗程。
各中药的药理作用:
三七:甘微苦,温。入肝、胃、大肠经。止血,散瘀,消肿,定痛。治吐血,咳血,衄血,便血,血痢,崩漏,癥瘕,产后血晕,恶露不下,跌扑瘀血,外伤出血,痈肿疼痛。
当归:甘辛,温。入心、肝、脾经。补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠。治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏;血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹;肠燥便难,赤痢后重;痈疽疮窃,跌扑损伤。菟丝子
杜仲:入肝、肾经。补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,胎动不安,高血压。
茯苓:甘淡,平。入心、脾、肺经。渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神。治小便不利,水肿胀满,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。
枸杞子:甘,平。入肝、肾经。滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目。治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕,目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精。
肉苁蓉:补肾,益精,润燥,滑肠。治男子阳痿,女子不孕,带下,血崩,腰膝冷痛,血枯便秘。
淫羊藿:辛甘,温。入肝、肾经。补肾壮阳,祛风除湿。治阳痿不举,小便淋沥,筋骨挛急,半身不遂,腰膝无力,风湿痹痛,四肢不仁。
白芷:辛,温。入肺、髀、胃经。祛风,燥湿,消肿,止痛。治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,鼻渊,寒湿腹痛,肠风痔漏,赤白带下,痈疽疮疡,皮肤燥痒,疥癣。
牛膝:甘苦酸,平。入肝、肾经。生用散瘀血,消痈肿。治淋病,尿血,经闭,癥瘕,难产,胞衣不下,产后瘀血腹痛,喉痹,痈肿,跌打损伤。熟用补肝肾,强筋骨。治腰膝骨痛,四肢拘挛,痿痹。
防风:辛甘,温。入膀胱、肺、脾经。发表祛风,胜湿,止痛.治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛。
黄芪:性温,味甘。补气升阳,益卫固表、托毒生肌、利水退肿。主治脾胃虚弱,食少倦怠,气虚血脱,表虚自汗、盗汗。
党参:甘,平。入手、足太阴经气分。补中益气,生津,养血。用于中气不足的体虚倦怠,脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,治体倦无力,肺气亏虚。治食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。及气血双亏的面色萎黄,头晕心悸等。
乳香:调气活血,定痛,追毒。治气血凝滞、心腹疼痛,痈疮肿毒,跌打损伤,痛经,产后瘀血刺痛。
鹿衔草:补虚,益肾,祛风除湿,活血调经,治虚弱咳嗽,劳伤吐血,风湿关节痛,崩漏,白带,外伤出血。
鸡血藤:苦、微甘,温;归肝经。补血活血,通经活络。本品气味柔和,走守兼备,能化阴生血,温通经脉,活血通络,推陈致新,有润而不燥、补而不滞,行而补破之特点,对血虚所致之风湿痹痛,淤滞疼痛及妇科诸证,均有良效。
骨碎补:苦,温。入肝、肾经。补肾,活血,止血。治肾虚久泻及腰痛,风湿痹痛,齿痛,耳鸣,跌打闪挫、骨伤,阑尾炎,斑秃,鸡眼。
没药:苦,辛,平,无毒。肝,脾,心,肾经。活血定痛,消肿生肌,主治跌打损伤,金疮,筋骨,心腹诸痛,症瘕,经闭,痈疽肿痛,疮疡溃后久不收口。
血竭:性味,甘咸,平;归经,入心、肝经。散瘀定痛,止血生肌。治跌打折损,内伤瘀痛;外伤出血不止,瘰疬,臁疮溃久不合。
鹿茸:甘、咸,温。归肾、肝经。壮肾阳,补精髓,强筋骨,调冲任,托疮毒。肾虚、头晕、耳聋、目暗、阳-痿、滑精、宫冷不孕、羸瘦、神疲、畏寒、腰脊冷痛、筋骨痿软、崩漏带下、阴疽不敛及久病虚损等症。
半夏:燥湿经痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结。治湿痰冷饮,呕吐反胃,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠。
石斛:甘淡微咸,寒。入胃、肺,肾经。生津益胃,清热养阴。治热病伤津,口干烦渴,病后虚热,阴伤目暗。
红花:辛,温。入心、肝经。活血通经,去瘀止痛。治经闭,癥瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。
羌活:辛苦,温。入膀胱、肾经。散表寒,祛风湿,利关节.治感冒风寒,头痛无汗,风寒湿痹。
骨碎补:苦,温。入肝、肾经。补肾,活血,止血。治肾虚久泻及腰痛,风湿痹痛,齿痛,耳鸣,跌打闪挫、骨伤,阑尾炎,斑秃,鸡眼。
鸡血藤:苦、微甘,温;归肝经。补血活血,通经活络。本品气味柔和,走守兼备,能化阴生血,温通经脉,活血通络,推陈致新,有润而不燥、补而不滞,行而补破之特点,对血虚所致之风湿痹痛,淤滞疼痛及妇科诸证,均有良效。
生草乌:祛风除湿,温经止痛。用于风寒湿痹、关节疼痛、心腹冷痛、寒疝作痛、麻醉止痛。
远志:安神益智,祛痰,解郁。治惊悸,健忘,梦遗,失眠,咳嗽多痰,痈疽疮肿。
丹参:苦,微寒;归心、肝经。活血化淤,凉血宁心。本品降而行血,善入血分,能通经脉、化淤滞、清心火、凉血热,安神志、除悸烦,常用于胸痹心痛,月经部调、疮疡肿痛,失眠及淤血肿痛等症。
细辛:辛,温。入肺、肾经。具有散寒解表、祛风除湿、活血化瘀、消炎止痛、清热解毒等功效.治风冷头痛,鼻渊,齿冷,风湿痹痛。
五加皮:祛风湿,壮筋骨,活血去瘀。治风寒湿痹,筋骨挛急,腰痛,阳痿,疮疽肿毒,跌打劳伤。
秦艽:祛风除湿,和血舒筋,清热利尿。治风湿痹痛;筋骨拘挛,黄疸,便血,骨蒸潮热,小儿疳热,小便不利。
穿山甲:消肿溃痈,搜风活络,通经下乳。治痈疽疮种,风寒湿痹,月经停闭,乳汁不通。
本发明的有益效果:祖国医学认为,肾主骨,肾气衰退以致精气或精髓的虚损,使机体全身各组织细胞发生营养不良或代谢障碍,从而逐渐导致退行性病变的发生,这是本病的内因。风寒湿邪流注关节、慢性劳损、血瘀阻络是其外因。本发明中药具有补益肝肾、活血祛瘀,清肿止痛、舒筋活络的功效,避免了西医手术治疗带来的术后之痛。有效解决了手术疗法后复发率高等弊端难点。患者内服、外用本发明药物可快速遏制消除症状,促进局部新陈代谢,消除肌肉痉挛,改善关节功能,缓解疼痛症状。总有效率94%。
以下结合临床资料及典型病例对本发明的有益效果进一步说明。
一、临床观察
1、临床资料:共入选50例膝关节骨质增生患者,临床符合膝关节骨质增生的诊断标准,年龄57~78岁,平均66.5岁;病程3个月~8年。
2、诊断标准:
(1)反复劳损或创伤史。
(2)后期疼痛持续,关节活动明显受限,股四头肌萎缩,关节积液,甚至出现畸形和关节内游离体。
(3)膝关节屈伸活动时可扪及摩擦音。
(4)膝关节正、侧位X照片,显示髌骨、股骨髁、胫骨平台关节缘呈唇样骨质增
(5)膝关节疼痛和发僵,早晨起床时较明显,活动后减轻,活动多时又加重,休息后症状缓解。
3、治疗方法:
(1)、服用本发明内服中药,水煎服,每日一剂,每剂分两次服用,分别在早饭后和晚饭后服用;30天为一疗程;
将外用药物用纱布包好,放入砂锅水煎煮20分钟后,5分钟后捞出纱布包,熏洗患处15~20分钟(晚上服用过内服药物后熏洗),每日1次,30天为一疗程。
每2~4周随访1次,以比较、观察病情,记录效果与可能的不良反应,观察3个月为1个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准:
痊愈:临床症状消失,局部活动自如,恢复正常工作,X线复查骨质增生未有增长,1年后随访无复发。
显效:临床症状基本消失,局部活动无明显受限,可恢复原来工作。
有效:临床症状明显改善,劳累或受寒后可出现症状,但较前有所减轻,可参与较轻的工作。
无效:用药治疗2~3个疗程,临床症状改善不明显,关节活动障碍无变化,甚则加重。
5、治疗结果
本组50例患者3疗程治愈21例,有效16例,2疗程总有效率为74%;其余11例患者中,8例患者经治疗3~5疗程后好转,3例患者无效后停止治疗,总有效率94%。
结论:本发明内服、外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药治疗膝关节骨质增生效果理想,在治疗过程中配合有效护理措施可提高临床治疗效果、促进患者康复。本方中内服中药效果显著,不良反应较少,配合外用药物用于膝关节骨质增生临床疗效较佳,相对安全可靠,值得在临床上推广应用。
二、典型病例
病例1,孙某某,女,年龄:58岁,河南人。患膝关节骨质增生多年。膝关节骨质增生导致:膝关节疼痛,行走困难,靠拐杖走路,十分痛苦,生活基本不能自理。患者使用本方治疗一个疗程后感觉上下楼没有以前那么吃力,走路多了会感觉关节有点痛;用药二个疗程后感觉上下楼基本没有问题,关节比以前灵活许多,用药三个疗程后上下楼、走路都可以象正常老人一样。
病例2,李某某,男,62岁,山西人。行走时间过长、跑动、下蹲时膝关节疼痛很明显。诊断为膝关节骨质增生,骨性关节炎。曾经在山西几家医院进行理疗、口服药物、关节注射等方法治疗,关节症状没有得到很好的改善,经人介绍使用本方治疗两个疗程后,患者感觉下蹲时疼痛明显减轻,患者用药四个疗程后,基本慢跑、起身下蹲膝关节疼痛等症状均消除,关节恢复正常功能。
病例3,王某某,女,66岁,黑龙江人。患者上下楼膝关节疼痛难忍,天气寒冷或者阴天变天时关节疼痛发作,走路超时关节疼痛。诊断为膝关节骨质增生,患者使用本发明中药方剂两个疗程后,关节几乎没有什么不适的感觉,继续使药两个疗程巩固治疗后,关节完全恢复正常功能。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药,包括内服药物和外用药物;
内服药物:由下述中药原料制成一天的剂量:三七10克,当归15克,菟丝子10克,杜仲15克,茯苓15克,枸杞子15克,肉苁蓉15克,淫羊藿15克,白芷15克,牛膝15克,防风15克,黄芪15克,党参15克,乳香20克,鹿衔草20克,鸡血藤20克,骨碎补20克,没药20克,血竭6克。
外用药物:牛膝10克,鹿茸10克,半夏10克,石斛10克,红花10克,羌活15克,骨碎补15克,鸡血藤15克,生草乌15克,杜仲20克,远志20克,丹参30克,细辛8克,五加皮6克,秦艽6克,穿山甲3克。
内服药物的制备方法:
①根据上述的重量称取原料,
②将步骤①中称取的内服药物原料置于砂锅中,然后加水至没过原料2-5cm,浸泡10-20min后,加热至50℃,加盖保温20-50min;然后大火加热至沸腾,转小火煎煮30-90min,过滤,得滤液一,滤渣留于锅中,加水至没过滤渣,继续煎煮10-20min,过滤,得滤液二;
③将滤液一和滤液二合并,混合,即得内服药物;
外用药物的制备方法:
1)根据上述的重量称取原料,
2)将步骤1)中称取的外用药物原料用纱布包好,放入砂锅中煎煮20分钟,5分钟后捞出纱布包,晾干,煎煮液体即为外用药物。
使用方法:
所述内服中药每日一剂,每剂两次;
所述外用药物,每日第二次服用内服中药后熏洗患处膝关节15-20分钟,熏洗后将纱布包敷于患处1-2小时,每日1次。30天为一疗程。

Claims (3)

1.一种内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药,其特征是,包括内服药物和外用药物;
所述内服药物由下述重量的原料制成:三七10克,当归15克,菟丝子10克,杜仲15克,茯苓15克,枸杞子15克,肉苁蓉15克,淫羊藿15克,白芷15克,牛膝15克,防风15克,黄芪15克,党参15克,乳香20克,鹿衔草20克,鸡血藤20克,骨碎补20克,没药20克,血竭6克;
所述外用药物由下述重量的原料制成:牛膝10克,鹿茸10克,半夏10克,石斛10克,红花10克,羌活15克,骨碎补15克,鸡血藤15克,生草乌15克,杜仲20克,远志20克,丹参30克,细辛8克,五加皮6克,秦艽6克,穿山甲3克。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的内服外洗治疗膝关节骨质增生的中药的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
内服药物的制备方法:
①根据权利要求1所述的重量称取内服药物原料,
②将步骤①中称取的内服药物原料置于砂锅中,然后加水至没过原料2-5cm,浸泡10-20min后,加热至50℃,加盖保温20-50min;然后大火加热至沸腾,转小火煎煮30-90min,过滤,得滤液一,滤渣留于锅中,加水至没过滤渣,继续煎煮10-20min,过滤,得滤液二;
③将滤液一和滤液二合并,混合,即得内服药物;
外用药物的制备方法:
1)根据权利要求1所述的重量称取外用药物原料,
2)将步骤1)中称取的除冰片外的外用药物原料用纱布包好,放入砂锅中煎煮20min,加入冰片,5min后捞出纱布包,晾干,煎煮液体即为外用药物。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述的或根据权利要求2的方法制备的中药的使用方法,其特征是,
所述内服中药每日一剂,每剂两次;
所述外用药物,每日第二次服用内服中药后熏洗患处膝关节15-20分钟,熏洗后将纱布包敷于患处1-2小时,每日1次;30天为一疗程。
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