CN104256571A - Cold temperature type pressure-variable circulating technology for primary processing of polyporus - Google Patents
Cold temperature type pressure-variable circulating technology for primary processing of polyporus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104256571A CN104256571A CN201410524727.XA CN201410524727A CN104256571A CN 104256571 A CN104256571 A CN 104256571A CN 201410524727 A CN201410524727 A CN 201410524727A CN 104256571 A CN104256571 A CN 104256571A
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- 241000222640 Polyporus Species 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000222684 Grifola Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004098 cellular respiration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000171085 Polyporus umbellatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004837 Polyporus umbellatus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQOCXCFLRBRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-cholesta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CCC(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 RQOCXCFLRBRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-Dehydrostigmasterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-NXVQYWJNSA-N Ergosterol Natural products CC(C)[C@@H](C)C=C[C@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2C3=CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@H]3CC[C@]12C DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-NXVQYWJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010018498 Goitre Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222341 Polyporaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000566928 Ramalina Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000005661 acute cystitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- MSUOLNSQHLHDAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerebronic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O MSUOLNSQHLHDAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000003146 cystitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007919 dispersible tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-SOWFXMKYSA-N ergosterol Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H](CC[C@]3([C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]33)C)C3=CC=C21 DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-SOWFXMKYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold temperature type pressure-variable circulating technology for primary processing of polyporus. According to the cold temperature type pressure-variable circulating technology, by controlling external pressure, the critical point of the evaporating temperature for the moisture in the polyporus is enabled to be lowered, and further the purpose of drying the polyporus rapidly under the mild hypothermia condition is achieved. The technology comprises the following steps: 1) pretreatment: washing the polyporus with water, soaking the washed polyporus in weak brine, and draining; 2) freezing: freezing the polyporus in a refrigerator at 0-3 DEG C; 3) primary drying: conducting negative-pressure vacuum drying; 4) depressurizing and refrigerating; 5) temperature rising: gradually rising temperature from low pressure; 6) complete drying: completely drying the polyporus under vacuum and negative pressure conditions. The technology disclosed by the invention weakens cell respiration and free diffusion of the polyporus, and by controlling the pressure and temperature conditions, the complete drying is ensured, the nutrient substances are not lost and no consumption is achieved. Compared with the existing drying method, the technology has the advantages of good drying effect, low loss of the nutrient substances and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to umbellate pore furgus Primary processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working.
Background technology
Umbellate pore furgus is Aphyllophorales Polyporaceae Ramalina medicinal fungi, sclerote is in block or irregularly shaped, surface is brownish black or pitchy, there are many scraggly strumaes and wrinkle, grade containing crude protein, ether-soluble extractive, crude fibre, soluble sugar, also containing free and mating type biotin, 2-hydroxyl-lignoceric acid and ergosterol. be the conventional fungus medicinal material of China, its property is flat, taste is sweet and light, has diuresis to harness the river swollen effect.Umbellate pore furgus fructification edible, taste is very delicious, has very high economic worth.At present, about the report of umbellate pore furgus converted products is more, according to function and the market demand, umbellate pore furgus can be processed into consumable products, as umbellate pore furgus soy sauce, polyporus umbellatus wine, polyporus umbellatus bag tea etc.; The medicines such as umbellate pore furgus capsule, Polyporus polysaccharide dispersible tablets can be processed into; Also treat illness with many compatibility of drugs, a kind of Chinese medicine composition etc. for the treatment of acute cystitis disclosed in patent CN 102764360 A, umbellate pore furgus converted products like this has become well-known medicine, food.
But umbellate pore furgus processing is main based on deep processing, the preliminary working report for the purpose of drying is relatively less, and current umbellate pore furgus preliminary working method has three kinds: dry, dry in the shade and dry, and dries that to refer to that the sun is directed to dry; Dry in the shade and refer to and naturally to dry at shady and cool ventilation place; Oven dry refers under uniform temperature condition, oven for drying.The dry umbellate pore furgus of said method all can reach " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " regulation, but dry, umbellate pore furgus water content that processing method of drying in the shade obtains is relatively high, and solarization drying method just can must carry out when fine day, affect larger by weather environment condition, method of making herbs dry gradually in the shade expends time in longer, and in the process of drying in the shade, if misoperation, medicinal material stirs and can cause not in time rotting, and then causes economic loss.Comprehensively above-mentioned, in three kinds of methods of current umbellate pore furgus preliminary working, furnace drying method is the most reasonable, Problems existing in method of can avoiding drying and dry in the shade.But carry out with low temperature when drying, produce identical effect with drying in the shade, short time consumption is longer, and due to impacts such as umbellate pore furgus cellular respirations, grifola polysaccharide content can decrease; Temperature is too high, can produce identical effect with drying, on the one hand because moisture flows fast, evaporate, nutriment wherein be flowed fast with moisture, easily causes nutriment to distribute uneven, produces the phenomenon that sum nutritional deficiency is piled in nutrition; On the other hand because temperature is too high, cause some nutriment structure to change, cause the phenomenon that umbellate pore furgus medicinal function lacks.
In view of the deficiency that above-mentioned umbellate pore furgus drying means exists, but at present not yet about the report of other umbellate pore furgus drying means, the present inventor, by lot of experiments, proposes a kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working.Due to evaporation rate and temperature be pressed with quantitative relationship outward, therefore by outer pressure-controlled, while guarantee evaporation rate, temperature can be arranged in optimal scope, to solve, temperature is too high causes nutriment structure to change and the temperature problem that just evaporation rate is excessively slow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working is provided, adopt outer pressure-controlled and temperature gradients method, solve the problem existing for drying, dry in the shade and drying, realize rate of drying fast, nutriment number of dropouts is low, the object that nutriment partition equilibrium is high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
For a cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working, by controlling external pressure, the critical point of umbellate pore furgus umbellate pore furgus contained humidity evaporating temperature is reduced, and then reaches under Mild Hypothermal condition, rapid draing umbellate pore furgus object, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
1) pretreatment: the umbellate pore furgus of gathering first is rinsed 1 ~ 2 time with clear water, then drain after soaking 5 ~ 10 minutes with weak brine;
2) freezing: under normal pressure, in the household freezer pretreated umbellate pore furgus being placed in 0 ~ 3 DEG C freezing 15 ~ 30 minutes, reduce umbellate pore furgus cellular respiration intensity, reduce the consumption of grifola polysaccharide;
3) just do: freezing umbellate pore furgus is placed in vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, temperature is in the vacuum drying chamber of 40 ~ 50 DEG C first dry 2 ~ 3 hours;
4) step-down is freezing: step 3) just dry umbellate pore furgus is placed in that pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric pressure, temperature is refrigeration 30 ~ 40 minutes in the household freezer of 3 ~ 5 DEG C;
5) rise again: under pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric condition, be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C gradually, and holding temperature 20 ~ 30 minutes;
6) foot is dry: be placed in by umbellate pore furgus in vacuum drying chamber that vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, be warming up to 40 ~ 50 DEG C gradually, holding temperature 4 ~ 8 hours.
Further, step 1) described in preprocessing process in, described weak brine is temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and concentration is the low temperature weak brine of 0.3 ~ 0.8mol/L.
Compared with existing umbellate pore furgus preliminary working (drying) method, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) umbellate pore furgus of gathering first is rinsed with clear water by the present invention, and removing is attached to the dirt on surface, and its advantage is: comparatively soaking and washing, because clear water and umbellate pore furgus are shorter for time of contact, can avoid free diffusing and the intracellular nutritional material loss that causes; Pretreatment is carried out with weak brine again after cleaning, its effect cleans dirt further, but because free diffusing causes nutriment to permeate when using clear water, therefore use weak brine soaking and washing, because intraor extracellular concentration difference is almost very little, the generation of free diffusing phenomenon can be avoided.
2) after the present invention carries out pretreatment to umbellate pore furgus, carry out freezing processing, its effect is the activity reducing respiratory enzyme by reducing temperature, carry out slowing down umbellate pore furgus cellular respiration, reduce the consumption of glucide etc., grifola polysaccharide content is kept not run off as far as possible, why adopt normal pressure, umbellate pore furgus water content is higher, according to negative pressure or HIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT, cell wall rupture can be caused, but temperature is lower, umbellate pore furgus intraor extracellular water flow is comparatively slow, and during water flow, nutriment, also along with flowing, easily causes nutriment to be piled up or nutritional deficiency in some tissue.
3) carry out negative pressure of vacuum drying after freezing processing of the present invention, its effect is the vapour pressure reducing moisture in umbellate pore furgus by reducing pressure, and then reduces boiling point, to make in umbellate pore furgus moisture can rapid evaporation at a lower temperature, accelerates rate of drying;
4) the present invention's just dry rear step-down is freezing, now umbellate pore furgus ICW content obviously reduces, ICW is made to continue flowing by step-down, and adopting low temperature to be slow down cellular respiration, the water flow that also slows down speed, after just doing, nutriment divides balancing substantially, now slowly flowed by moisture, make nutriment carry out differential and join, further balanced various piece nutrition content.
5) effect of warming up treatment is at lower pressure, by raised temperature gradually, umbellate pore furgus is eased back and expands, provide condition for ICW is separated from nutriment, make its more easily and nutriment separate, for dry the dewatering of follow-up foot carries out place mat.
6) the present invention adopts just dry two steps of dry, foot except water law, drying can be made to dewater more thorough, can prevent again the step to dewater the problem causing nutriment to run off simultaneously.Detected by embodiment and find, adopt the dry umbellate pore furgus of present invention process, its nutrition content comparatively dries, dries in the shade and dries higher, and each position nutrition content is almost identical, thus, umbellate pore furgus preliminary working technique of the present invention has thorough, the reduction nutriment number of dropouts that dewaters, and nutriment divides the advantages such as balancing in umbellate pore furgus tissue.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, is intended to the understanding being convenient to same domain technical staff, but does not limit interest field of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: a kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working
Liangdang County is positioned at Southeast Gansu Province, is located in the Qinling Mountain Areas that Shan Gan Chuan has a common boundary, and belongs to Upper Yangtze River Marine formation.Mean sea level about 1750 meters, weather cold and damp, belongs to warm temperate zone wettability weather, average precipitation about 700 millimeters, sunshine time 1969.2 hours, and without 196 days case phases, forest-covered area was large, is the best Suitable Area of umbellate pore furgus growth.In recent years, under the great attention of government, umbellate pore furgus plantation has become one of local farmers Main Economic source, and the present embodiment is the umbellate pore furgus of gathering then with locality for sample carries out testing dry.
The present embodiment is achieved in that the critical point of umbellate pore furgus umbellate pore furgus contained humidity evaporating temperature is reduced, and then reaches under Mild Hypothermal condition, rapid draing umbellate pore furgus, concrete steps are as follows by controlling external pressure:
1) pretreatment: the 1kg high-quality of gathering is laid in flowing tank without the umbellate pore furgus of insect pest, with the removal of impurities of flowing tap water, and then overturn and rinse with clear water, till umbellate pore furgus surface is without attachment, drain after soaking 5 ~ 10 minutes with weak brine again, described weak brine is temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and concentration is the low temperature weak brine of 0.3 ~ 0.8mol/L.
2) freezing: under normal pressure, in the household freezer pretreated umbellate pore furgus being placed in 0 ~ 3 DEG C freezing 15 ~ 30 minutes, reduce umbellate pore furgus cellular respiration intensity, reduce the consumption of grifola polysaccharide, described household freezer is DWX type household freezer, purchased from Hong Yu instrument and equipment Co., Ltd of Hebei province.
3) just do: freezing umbellate pore furgus is placed in vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, temperature is in the vacuum drying chamber of 40 ~ 50 DEG C first dry 2 ~ 3 hours, detect its moisture≤45%, described vacuum drying chamber is sky red card 007 type drying oven, purchased from Yangzhou electric apparatus factory.
4) step-down is freezing: step 3) just dry umbellate pore furgus is placed in that pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric pressure, temperature is refrigeration 30 ~ 40 minutes in the DWX type household freezer of 3 ~ 5 DEG C;
5) rise again: under pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric condition, be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C gradually, and holding temperature 20 ~ 30 minutes;
6) foot is dry: be placed in by umbellate pore furgus in 007 type vacuum drying chamber that vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, be warming up to 40 ~ 50 DEG C gradually, holding temperature 4 ~ 8 hours, then detecting its water content is 5.58%.
In order to verify the actual effect of the dry umbellate pore furgus of technical solution of the present invention, by its with dry, dry in the shade and dry (50 DEG C) gained umbellate pore furgus and measure, mensuration project comprises: moisture, dry matter content and Thick many candies contain rate, and assay method is:
Determination of moisture: measure 5 groups of random sample water content according to aquametry (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 editions), get its mean value.
Dry matter content measures: the sample of several drying means process takes quality, adopts following formulae discovery:
Umbellate pore furgus quality * 100% before umbellate pore furgus quality/process after dry matter content=process
Thick many candies measures containing rate: take the dried umbellate pore furgus sample comminution of 5g, sieve, adding distil water dissolves, boiling water refluxing extraction 1.5 hours, extracts 4 times altogether, merge No. 4 extracts, reduced pressure concentration, then add absolute ethyl alcohol hold over night, suction filtration, 3 times are respectively washed again with absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, washed with diethylether 1 time, drying obtains brown umbellate pore furgus Thick many candies, adopts following formulae discovery:
Thick many candies is containing rate=extraction Thick many candies quality/drying sample * 100%
Measurement result is as following table 1.
Show the umbellate pore furgus moisture of 1-different dry drying method, dry matter content and Thick many candies containing rate
| Sequence number | Preliminary working method | Water content | Dry matter content | Thick many candies is containing rate |
| 1 | Dry | 11.57％ | 42.15％ | 1.82％ |
| 2 | Dry in the shade | 11.02％ | 42.63％ | 1.56％ |
| 3 | 50 DEG C of oven dry | 7.83％ | 31.08％ | 2.11％ |
| 4 | Embodiment 1 | 5.58％ | 28.45％ | 4.78％ |
Can be found out by upper table 1, adopt dry relatively with technical solution of the present invention drying umbellate pore furgus effect to dry, drying in the shade has obvious advantage, and embodiment 1 is compared with oven dry, drying effect comparatively significantly improves again, its reason is, under same temperature conditions, can vapour pressure be reduced by step-down, and then improve moisture evaporation speed and volatility.Contrast different dry drying method affects umbellate pore furgus active constituent content, can find out, embodiment 1 gained grifola polysaccharide is the highest containing rate, the grifola polysaccharide content that dries in the shade is minimum, to dry in the shade and to dry grifola polysaccharide comparatively close, its reason may for drying time, because temperature is higher, umbellate pore furgus cellular respiration intensity is large, large to glucide consumption, thus causes content in drying sample to decline, and although respiratory intensity of drying in the shade is lower slightly, but consuming time longer owing to drying in the shade, therefore cellular respiration also consumes a large amount of glucides for a long time, makes its content decline to some extent.Oven dry is comparatively dried in the shade, it is higher to dry grifola polysaccharide content, and its reason is: oven dry is comparatively dried in the shade, the time of drying is short, and cellular respiration consumption is low.The reason that embodiment of the present invention gained grifola polysaccharide content is the highest is: pass through freezing processing, cellular respiration obviously weakens, carbohydrate consumes corresponding minimizing, and all processes are all carried out under low temperature and Mild Hypothermal condition, and just dry all the consumption because respiratory intensity is low of dry, foot is reduced.In addition, the present invention before it is dried, adopts clear water to rinse and weak brine pretreatment, free diffusing degree is obviously weakened, also makes the outside diffusing capacity of grifola polysaccharide have minimizing, and what also improve grifola polysaccharide to a certain extent contains rate.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, technical solution of the present invention is by controlled pressure and temperature, all processes are carried out under low temperature or Mild Hypothermal condition, reduce cellular respiration on the one hand, weaken the intensity of free diffusing on the other hand, thus prevent the loss of nutriment, compared with existing three kinds of drying means, there is obvious progressive, therefore can be applicable to actual production.
Claims (2)
1., for a cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working, by controlling external pressure, the critical point of umbellate pore furgus umbellate pore furgus contained humidity evaporating temperature is reduced, and then reaches under Mild Hypothermal condition, rapid draing umbellate pore furgus object, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
1) pretreatment: the umbellate pore furgus of gathering first is rinsed 1 ~ 2 time with clear water, then drain after soaking 5 ~ 10 minutes with weak brine;
2) freezing: under normal pressure, in the household freezer pretreated umbellate pore furgus being placed in 0 ~ 3 DEG C freezing 15 ~ 30 minutes, reduce umbellate pore furgus cellular respiration intensity, reduce the consumption of grifola polysaccharide;
3) just do: freezing umbellate pore furgus is placed in vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, temperature is in the vacuum drying chamber of 40 ~ 50 DEG C first dry 2 ~ 3 hours;
4) step-down is freezing: step 3) just dry umbellate pore furgus is placed in that pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric pressure, temperature is refrigeration 30 ~ 40 minutes in the household freezer of 3 ~ 5 DEG C;
5) rise again: under pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 atmospheric condition, be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C gradually, and holding temperature 20 ~ 30 minutes;
6) foot is dry: be placed in by umbellate pore furgus in vacuum drying chamber that vacuum pressure is-35.3 ~-30.5KPa, be warming up to 40 ~ 50 DEG C gradually, holding temperature 4 ~ 8 hours.
2. a kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) described in preprocessing process in, described weak brine is temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and concentration is the low temperature weak brine of 0.3 ~ 0.8mol/L.
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| CN201410524727.XA CN104256571B (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | A kind of cold temperature formula pressure-cycling technique for umbellate pore furgus preliminary working |
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| CN104256571B CN104256571B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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