CN1042457A - Battery and charging system thereof - Google Patents

Battery and charging system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1042457A
CN1042457A CN89107487A CN89107487A CN1042457A CN 1042457 A CN1042457 A CN 1042457A CN 89107487 A CN89107487 A CN 89107487A CN 89107487 A CN89107487 A CN 89107487A CN 1042457 A CN1042457 A CN 1042457A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
mentioned
data
discharge
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN89107487A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
博诺思·詹姆·安德思
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of CN1042457A publication Critical patent/CN1042457A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036Charger exchanging data with battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule

Abstract

The present invention is that the use (discharge) to live is set up and preserved to battery (10), the record of capacity and charged situation, the use data of battery to live can be retrieved and analyze to charging system (12), make battery (10) be charged to optimum degree, so both can make battery life reach the longest, and can avoid " memory effect " problem in the prior art again.

Description

Battery and charging system thereof
Broadly, the present invention relates to rechargeable battery and battery charger, more specifically, reach best a kind of collaboration type chargeable cell system the useful life that the present invention relates to make things convenient for battery charge and make battery.
Portable set all relies on battery as power supply usually.Change the cost that battery causes in order to reduce, people use rechargeable battery to give casual user and commercial product power supply widely.Give an example, nickel-cadmium cell can use repeatedly, gives the power supply of calculator, broadcast receiver or the like device.As everyone knows, rechargeable battery can regain energy by a charhing unit using (discharge) afterwards at once.
Yet rechargeable battery has a special problem, and this problem will take place below in this case: promptly battery (or plurality of units wherein) often is partial discharge or makes the back of not exclusively discharging just be full of fully.Give an example, the part of charge volume if a product with rechargeable battery power supply is only used up every day, and the words that all be full of battery every night, if things go on like this battery can produce a kind of voltage and suppresses phenomenon (generally be called " memory effect), and this can reduce the useful capacity of battery.
For fear of this " memory effect ", the designer of some batter-charghing systems advocates before the charging cycle battery is discharged fully again at each.But the useful life that such words can reduce battery is because rechargeable battery can only stand the charging fully and the discharge of limited number of times.Like this, before charging again, battery carried out unnecessary discharge and the advantage that reduced this shortcoming of battery life and avoided " memory effect " to bring has been cancelled out each other.Therefore, such requirement is arranged in this technical field: promptly find and a kind ofly can avoid " memory effect " this problem, can make battery life reach best a kind of method again.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is exactly to propose a kind of battery and the charging system that can avoid the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art.
Briefly get on very well, in the present invention, for relevant their in the past use (discharge) capacity, the record of charge/discharge cycle are set up and preserved to battery.The charging system inquiry is also analyzed the use data of battery in the past, battery is charged to optimum degree, thereby makes the life-span of battery reach the longest.Can avoid " memory effect " problem in the prior art like this.In addition, also can be visited the use data in the past of battery, and the capacity of battery can be provided to the operating personnel of device by battery powered that device, information such as useful life, and when the notifying operation personnel need charging.
Fig. 1. be the block diagram of a most preferred embodiment of battery of the present invention and charging system.
Fig. 2. be the block diagram of another most preferred embodiment of battery of the present invention and charging system.
Come now referring to Fig. 1. there is shown battery (10) and according to a charhing unit of the present invention (12).Battery (10) uses these battery units can constitute a power storage device as long as comprise several battery units (14) selectively.In addition, battery (10) also comprises a controller (or cry and use monitor), and this controller comprises a microprocessor (16).Microprocessor (16) carries out communication by read-only memory (ROM) (18), random access memory (RAM) (RAM) and the EEPROM (EEPROM) of an address bus (26) and a data dotted line (24) and some.The operational order of microprocessor (program) is preferably deposited and is resided among the ROM, and semi-permanent information and prompting message preferably leave in respectively among EEPROM and the RAM.
In typical case, standing one or more temperature triggered formula fuse (28) of putting in the battery pack of routine is just in case protection occurs providing when the internal temperature of battery pack is higher than a predetermined value.In the present invention, a rate of change of measuring the discharging current of battery pack by the method for measuring the pressure drop on its internal resistance is arranged in these fuses.Therefore, battery pack 10 preferably also is equipped with a multiplexer (30) of the voltage of each end of fuse (28) being delivered to microprocessor (16) by a mould/number (A/D) transducer (32).In addition, multiplexer (30) also links to each other with line (31), can make microprocessor (16) judge current battery voltage like this.Like this, battery pack (10) can be determined its discharge rate, can also provide information such as battery capacity, useful life to the user in use, and notifies the user by display (34) in the needs charging.
Still with reference to Fig. 1, charhing unit (12) can be regarded as by microprocessor (50) and be controlled.Microprocessor (50) is by an address bus (58) and a data/address bus (60) and a certain amount of ROM(52), RAM(54) and EEPROM(56) carry out communication.In addition, also comprise the journey constant-current source (46) that to contract in the critical piece of charhing unit.(it can be programmed by microprocessor (50), thereby provide at least one vertiginous electric current and a drip electric current) and a discharge circuit (68), the dump energy that this discharge circuit (68) is configured in the battery (10) is reduced to the metapedes that charges again to avoid a value of any " memory effect ".
As can be seen, charhing unit (12) is had an effect on five contact points mutually with battery (10).At first, set up a common ground or recall road (40).Upward provide charging current in the 2nd contact (62) to battery.Just as known in the art, in battery (10), suppress unwanted battery discharge with a diode (64).When the needs discharging current flows, on the 3rd contact (66), provide the discharge path of a separation.Two remaining contacts provide the information that can make things convenient for battery charge.In order to determine the charging interval, generally all in charhing unit (12), use a thermistor (70) by resistance value (72) biasing.The voltage that detects on the contact (76) is digitized in A/D converter (74), can make microprocessor judge the internal temperature of battery like this.In addition, by carry out secondary or more times such measurement with the known time interval, just can measure the rate of climb (being the velocity of discharge) of battery temperature.In addition, can pass through a serial communication link (66) (it links to each other the microprocessor (16) in the battery (10) with microprocessor (50) in the charhing unit (12)) about the out of Memory of the charging requirement of battery.Offer charhing unit.Like this, can provide identification code, model (or battery variety) sign indicating number of expression battery, record of charging in the past, and the data of in the past information such as use (discharge rate) record to charhing unit (12).Certainly, after battery was charged again, battery also can carry out communication by above-mentioned communication link (66) and an equipment (as two-way radio).
In use, charhing unit (12) also is designed to selectively (42) and provides enough charging current to battery (10), to supply the energy of any dissipation.In the present invention, this process is finished like this: at first to the battery request data.The data of receiving from battery (10) preferably comprise at least: the number of times that the later battery of battery identification sign indicating number, use (discharge rate) information and discharge last time of expression battery (regardless of what carry out before the still charging of carrying out being to use) charges again.If the later charging times of discharge last time meets or exceeds a threshold values, promptly battery is linked to each other with discharge circuit (68) by being controlled to (80), battery is discharged before charging.If not, charhing unit (12) just by just divide press down use (discharge rate) data or by the internal temperature of the total voltage of using (discharge rate) data and battery pack and/or battery (by detecting contact 17b) acquisition) method of the analysis that combines determines the optimal charge time.All or part of in these information can be operated personnel's visit and/or automatically or operating personnel by keyboard (85) input order or requirement under on a display (84), be shown to operating personnel.
Microprocessor (50) uses battery charge and information such as total battery voltage of use (discharge rate) data combination and internal cell temperature in the past, constant-current source able to programme (46) is programmed, thereby realize that can not make the overheated and charging quickly that the overcharges circulation of battery pack (promptly reduce charging interval).Can make the useful life of battery the longest like this.In addition, just just battery is discharged after the charging cycle with respect to the pre-determined number of discharge last time, so " memory effect " can be eliminated, and battery life can reach the best.At last, charhing unit (12) and/or battery pack (10) will be followed the tracks of the charged circulation total degree in the battery memory (22), and (respectively by display (34) and (84)) arrive (maybe will arrive) end of life at battery.Notify the user.
After charging cycle finished, charhing unit (12) was by the charge information of serial communication link (78) after battery (10) is carried renewal, and battery (10) is handled (16), storage (22) and shown (34) selectively these data.Can include, but is not limited in the above-mentioned information: the historical increase of total discharge, with respect to the charging times of discharge last time, the total voltage after total charging times and the charging.The operator can be between the operating period of battery is visited and/or be shown to all or part of in these information by the user.Certainly, in the present invention, can inquire about, handle, upgrade and store these information during the next charging cycle once more.
Come referring to Fig. 2 now.Battery 10 ' and the another kind setting of charhing unit (12) has been shown among Fig. 2.As can be seen, battery among Fig. 2 (10 ') comprises a microcontroller (130), and MC68HC11 microcontroller or its function equivalent element of its most handy Motorola Inc. (Motorola) production constitute.In the present embodiment, microcontroller 130 carries out communication by serial link (78 ') and the microprocessor (100) of controlling a twoway radio of battery (10 ') its power supply of forward.The microprocessor (100) of twoway radio (102) is also by an address bus (104) and a single data bus (106) ROM(108 with some), RAM(110) and EEPROM(112) carry out communication.In addition, the critical piece of twoway radio comprises a transmitter (114) and a receiver (116), they selectively (118) link to each other with an antenna (122) by a duplexer (120).Twoway radio (102) also can comprise a display (124) and a keyboard (126) selectively.All major parts of twoway radio (102) preferably by contact (66 ') go up the energy content of battery power through regulating (128) back.For saving electric power, also use a battery power saving device (Saver) (127) usually, this power saver can enter a kind of low power consumpting state by microprocessor (100) activation.According to the present invention, the activation of wireless device (102), deenergize or other operational mode change also can inform battery (10 ') by serial link (78 ').Battery (10 ') can use the more effectively power consumption situation of monitoring wireless electricity equipment of these information.
The microcontroller (130) of battery (10 ') is by the cell voltage power supply of regulating after (132), and it comprises memory (130 ") that are used for storing record of charging and use (discharge rate) data.Wireless device (102) can be visited these data, and provides these information by the display screen (124) of wireless device to the operator.The information that wireless device (102) calculates also can be delivered to microcontroller (130) and be stored in the battery.In addition, microcontroller (130) comprises several end of converts (130 '), and these ports are used for accepting often to be contained in each end of the protection fuse (28) that is used for protecting battery (14) in the battery pack.Microcontroller (130) also links to each other with a diode (64), and this diode in the present embodiment can make microcontroller determine present cell voltage.Microcontroller (130) uses these information can determine the use of battery (10 ') (discharge) rate, and can show remaining information such as operating time to the operator.
In order to save electric power, in case the discharge rate of judgement battery has been assigned or has been lower than a given threshold values, battery (10 ') can enter a kind of battery save mode; In addition, wireless device (102) (by 78 ') also can be notified battery (10 '), this wireless device to turn off or enter a kind of low-power consumption mode (both readiness).At this moment, battery (10 ') both can also can respond the state change of wireless device independently and enter the battery power-saving mode.In contrast, battery (10 ') was as also being in power down mode when wireless device (102) entered a high power consumption state (i.e. emission or reception), it will leave battery and economize pattern, and monitor that after receiving the state changed information from wireless device battery is supplying the equipment of electricity.Like this, the additive decrementation energy just can not produce and keep battery and use (discharge) record data.According to the present invention, these information are preferably utilized with regard to charhing unit (12), thus the carrying out of convenient charging.
After the user or the operator receive in the twoway radio notice battery energy last limited after, battery (10 ') just links to each other with the charging road and supplies the energy of battery.The microcontroller (130) of battery (10 ') also enters a kind of battery save mode after the communication of finishing with charhing unit (12).Between charge period, twoway radio (102) can still be connected with battery (10 '), perhaps simply dismantles and keeps work with another battery.The working condition of charger (12) as top in conjunction with Fig. 1 discuss like that, just the microprocessor (50) of charhing unit (12) must be from the microcontroller (130) of battery (10 ') resembles by serial link and inquires about (and/or storage) information discussed above.Like this, only come collection, storage, inquiry and the processing of control data, and price, size and the weight of battery (10 ') are reduced with a slice microcontroller.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of method to battery charge can comprise the pre-arcing of battery, it is characterized in that:
(a) receive data from battery,
(b) the above-mentioned data of at least a portion are handled, judged at least whether the preceding battery of charging needs discharge.
(c) when judgement in the step (b) should make its discharge before battery charge, make battery discharge,
(d) to battery charge.
2, a kind of battery is characterized in that:
(a) be used for the energy storage medium of power storage,
(b) be used to store the information of the data of representing charge information at least.
3, the battery in the claim 2 comprises that also one is used to monitor above-mentioned energy storage medium, and produces the monitoring circuit of the above-mentioned data of representing charge information at least.
4, the battery in the claim 3 comprises that also one links to each other, is used to show that with above-mentioned monitoring circuit at least a portion represents the above-mentioned data of charge information at least.
5, a kind of battery is characterized in that:
Be used to provide the energy storage medium of energy,
Be used to the monitoring circuit of monitoring above-mentioned energy storage medium and carrying out communication with the device that battery is just being powered,
In response to above-mentioned monitor, be used for reducing provisionally the device of the dissipation of above-mentioned energy storage medium.
6, a kind of battery charger is characterized in that:
Receiver from battery reception data,
One is used to handle the above-mentioned data of at least a portion and determines the computer whether battery should discharge before charging,
Before determining should discharge to battery, above-mentioned computer makes the battery discharger of battery discharge before charging,
The charger that battery is charged.
7, have at least one powered battery, can on radio frequency news road, carry out a kind of batter-charghing system in the radio-frequency (RF) system of communication apparatus of message communication, it is characterized in that:
Battery powered communication device is characterised in that:
One sends the information emission machine at least one radio-frequency communication news road,
A receiver that on above-mentioned at least one communication news road, receives information.
A controller that is used to produce the data of representing charge information at least,
Battery is characterised in that:
Be used to store the energy storage medium that energy enough is provided to above-mentioned battery,
Communication device,
Be used to store the memory of the above-mentioned data of representing charge information at least,
Battery charging unit is characterised in that:
One is used to retrieve the above-mentioned data computing machine of representing charge information at least,
Be used to handle the data of the above-mentioned expression charge information of at least a portion and the processing unit whether definite battery should discharge before charging,
One is used for judging that at above-mentioned processing unit battery makes the discharger of battery discharge in the time of should discharging before charging,
Make the charger of battery charge.
CN89107487A 1988-09-30 1989-09-25 Battery and charging system thereof Pending CN1042457A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25229488A 1988-09-30 1988-09-30
US252,294 1988-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1042457A true CN1042457A (en) 1990-05-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN89107487A Pending CN1042457A (en) 1988-09-30 1989-09-25 Battery and charging system thereof

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR900702616A (en)
CN (1) CN1042457A (en)
AU (1) AU4186289A (en)
WO (1) WO1990003682A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
WO1990003682A1 (en) 1990-04-05
KR900702616A (en) 1990-12-07
AU4186289A (en) 1990-04-18

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