CN104242358B - A kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system - Google Patents
A kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system, including a man machine interface for the state of set of cells and fault being carried out display in real time being connected with running computer, one digital signal processing module being used for the superior and the subordinate's analog data and the conversion of numerical data, calculation process, and the syllogic Battery control module that for carrying out detection in real time, control to battery state and fault；Described man machine interface, digital signal processing module and syllogic Battery control module sequentially turn on connection.So, the present invention includes the syllogic Battery control module of the man machine interface of upper client layer, the digital signal processing module of intermediate treatment layer and bottom hardware layer by setting up, realize balance control, fault diagnosis, set of cells automatic cascade identification and bootstrapping function, ferric phosphate lithium cell group electrochemical model and matched model algorithm, hardware topology circuit, thus improving the voltage accuracy of set of cells, safety and performance.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to batteries of electric automobile group management of charging and discharging and control technical field, particularly relating to a kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system.
[background technology]
The metropolitan atmospheric pollution of China can not be ignored, and fuel-engined vehicle discharge is one of primary pollution source, and existing 16 cities are put into global atmosphere and pollute among 20 the most serious cities.China now per capita automobile be that every 1000 people have 10 automobiles, but petroleum resources are not enough, Imported oil several ten million tons every year, along with expanding economy, if China's automobile volume of holding per capita reaches the whole world every 1000 people of level now 110 automobiles, petroleum import just becomes big problem.Therefore it not an interim short-term measure at China's research and development electric automobile, but far reaching, long-range strategic concerns.The harmful gas of electric automobile not exhaust emission air itself, waste gas delivery ratio fuel-engined vehicle reduces 92% 98%.Even if be scaled the discharge in power plant by institute's power consumption, sulphur removal and outside microgranule, other pollutant also substantially reduce.Mostly it build in due to power plant away from densely populated city, the mankind are injured less, and power plant is fixed, the discharge of concentration, remove various noxious emission and be easier to, also there has been correlation technique.Electric power can obtain from multiple primary energy, such as coal, nuclear energy, waterpower etc., can alleviate the mankind to the dependence of petroleum resources and to its day by day exhausted worry.Electric automobile can also make full use of power charge more than needed during low power consumption in night, makes generating equipment day and night can make full use of, is greatly improved its economic benefit.There are some researches show, same crude oil, through thick refining, delivers to power plants generating electricity, through being filled with battery, then being driven automobile by battery, its energy utilization efficiency becomes gasoline than through refine, drive automobile to want height then through gasoline engine, be thus advantageous to save the energy and reduce the discharge capacity of carbon dioxide.These advantages just, make the research of electric automobile and application become one " focus " of modern automobile industry.Electric automobile will slowly become a kind of trend and the certainty of development of automobile.
Positive electrode currently used as lithium ion battery mainly has: LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiNiO2 and LiFePO4.In the metallic element of these composition cell positive materials, cobalt (Co) is the most expensive, and amount of storage is few, and nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) are relatively inexpensive, and ferrum (Fe) is generally the least expensive.The price of positive electrode is also consistent with the price quotations of these metals.Therefore, it should be generally the least expensive for adopting the lithium ion battery that LiFePO4 positive electrode is made.It another is characterized as being environmentally safe.
Requirement as rechargeable battery is: capacity is high, output voltage is high, good charge-discharge performance, output voltage stabilization, can high current charge-discharge, electrochemically stable performance, use in safety (burning or blast will not be caused because of misoperations such as overcharge, overdischarge and short circuits), operating temperature range width, nontoxic or few poison, environmentally safe.
LiCoO2 battery charging tolerance only has 0.1V; and the charging tolerance of LiFePO4 reaches 0.7V; LiFePO4 overshoot calorific capacity is 90J/g; LiCoO2 overshoot heating 1600J/g; the maximum that LiFePO4 protects without circuit board reaches 30V; LiFePO4 battery is consistent with lead-acid battery, but does not have the contaminative of lead-acid battery simultaneously.
Adopt LiFePO4 make the ferric phosphate lithium cell of positive pole discharge on (5～10C electric discharge), discharging voltage balance in big discharge rate especially, safety (do not burnt, do not exploded), on the life-span on (cycle-index), environmentally safe, it is best, is High-current output electrokinetic cell best at present.
Li-ion batteries piles generally requires connection in series-parallel in application process and connects, and the set of cells of multiple cells composition without the accurate control of management system, then also exists safety and the risk of performance rapid decrease.
[summary of the invention]
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides a kind of realization and balance control, fault diagnosis, set of cells automatic cascade identification and bootstrapping function, ferric phosphate lithium cell group electrochemical model and matched model algorithm, hardware topology circuit, thus improving the electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system of the voltage accuracy of set of cells, safety and performance.
This invention address that the technical scheme that prior art problem adopts is:
A kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system, include a man machine interface for the state of set of cells and fault being carried out display in real time being connected with running computer, the digital signal processing module of one conversion, the calculation process mutually being used for the superior and the subordinate's analog data and numerical data, and the syllogic Battery control module that for carrying out detection in real time, control to battery state and fault；Described man machine interface, digital signal processing module and syllogic Battery control module sequentially turn on connection.
Further, described syllogic Battery control module is mainly by battery voltage value harvester, leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit composition, the outfan of described battery voltage value harvester is connected with the conducting of described digital signal processing module, input and described leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and the conducting of rear battery pack control circuit connect, and described leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit sequentially turn on connection, described rear battery pack control circuit is connected with the conducting of described digital signal processing module.
Further, adopt daisy chain structure to sequentially turn on connection between described leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit, between described rear battery pack control circuit and described digital signal processing module, adopt the conducting of half duplex communication structure to connect.
Further, described leading portion battery pack control circuit with in set of cells before the conducting of 6 to 12 batteries be connected, described rear battery pack control circuit is connected with last 6 to 12 the batteries conducting in described set of cells, and described stage casing battery pack control circuit turns on the remaining battery in described set of cells and is connected.
Further, described leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit all include by the charge-discharge circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor on-off control, and be connected with the conducting of same battery management chip, the connected set of cells conducting in described charge-discharge circuit one end connects, and in described set of cells, each two above accesses described charge-discharge circuit after being connected electrically in same metal-oxide-semiconductor；In the charge-discharge circuit of wherein said leading portion battery pack control circuit, a part of circuit connects external cabling terminal, and another part circuit connects described battery management chip；Described stage casing battery pack control circuit also includes four tunnels being connected with the conducting of described battery management chip and controls parameter input circuit EX1～EX4 and two-way daisy chain circuit, its one end DAISYDW interface and DAISYUP interface turn on described leading portion battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit respectively and are connected, and the other end is connected with DH port and the conducting of DL port of described battery management chip；Described tail end battery pack control circuit also includes the communicating circuit being connected with microcomputer and receives the communicating circuit EX1～EX4 of external data.
Further, described battery voltage value harvester is mainly by shift circuit, demultplexer, transport and placing device, signal imitation chip, encoder becomes with data groups of memory chips, the quantity of described shift circuit and described leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit is consistent with the quantity of the set of cells of rear battery pack control circuit, and the input of each described shift circuit turns on one to one with described set of cells and is connected, outfan all turns on the input of described demultplexer and is connected, a wherein outfan of described demultplexer is by being connected with the conducting of described signal imitation chip after described transport and placing device, another outfan sequentially turns on and is connected to encoder and pin-saving chip, realize the storage of digital value.
Further, described digital signal processing module is mainly made up of SOC and balance current device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention proposes to set up the tertiary management system of the syllogic Battery control module including the man machine interface of upper client layer, the digital signal processing module of intermediate treatment layer and bottom hardware layer, breaks through existing pure battery management algorithm and sets out the system carried out；This system is with client for final goal, the functional module that bed-by-bed analysis aspect at different levels has, overall structure is well arranged, by certain field problem that the Multidisciplinary Integration system decomposition of numerous and complicated is independent, design the thinkings such as the clear and definite process function of offer, input and output mode, communication need for each layer.
2, the digital signal processing module of the present invention analyzes the discharge current impact on battery capacity by SOC and balance current device, and temperature, battery cyclic, the self discharge impact on battery SOC on the nonlinear parameters such as capacity parameter and Multivariable Coupling, adopt dynamic fuzzy neural network self study SOC to be estimated thus founding mathematical models.
3, present invention employs the syllogic Battery control module magnitude of voltage to each battery of set of cells to monitor in real time, this hardware topology ensures that voltage accuracy is within the scope of positive and negative 30mV, each set of cells is managed by leading portion battery pack control circuit, stage casing battery pack control circuit and rear battery pack control circuit respectively simultaneously, the mode adopting AC coupled between each circuit carries out communication, and automatically identify when set of cells occurs and increases or reduce and configure, use and manage flexible, convenience.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic block diagram of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of leading portion battery pack control circuit in electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of stage casing battery pack control circuit in electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment posterior segment of the present invention battery pack control circuit；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of battery voltage value harvester in electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention voltage curve of Balance Treatment when charging；
Fig. 7 is the curve chart that electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention detects battery voltage value at different temperatures；
Fig. 8 is the correlation curve figure of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system embodiment of the present invention detection the 3rd batteries group and the magnitude of voltage of other set of cells.
[detailed description of the invention]
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8:
The invention provides a kind of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system, include one be connected with running computer for set of cells (due to electric automobile dynamic trait require battery capacity big, therefore set of cells is to be formed by multiple set of cells serial or parallel connections, general set of cells is made up of 7-10 set of cells, and each set of cells is made up of 7-12 single cell battery.) state and fault carry out the man machine interface 1 of in real time display, the digital signal processing module 2 of one conversion, the calculation process mutually being used for the superior and the subordinate's analog data and numerical data, and the syllogic Battery control module 3 that for carrying out detection in real time, control to battery state and fault；Described man machine interface 1, digital signal processing module 2 and syllogic Battery control module 3 sequentially turn on connection.Wherein, described digital signal processing module 2 is main is made up of SOC 21 and balance current device 22；nullDescribed syllogic Battery control module 3 is main by battery voltage value harvester 31、Leading portion battery pack control circuit 32、Stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 form，The outfan of described battery voltage value harvester 31 is connected with digital signal processing module 2 conducting，Input and leading portion battery pack control circuit 32、Stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 conducting connect，Described leading portion battery pack control circuit 32 with in set of cells before the conducting of 6 to 12 batteries be connected，Described rear battery pack control circuit 34 is connected with last 6 to 12 the batteries conducting in set of cells，Described stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 turns on the remaining battery in set of cells and is connected，And described leading portion battery pack control circuit 32、Daisy chain structure is adopted to sequentially turn on connection between stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34，The conducting of half duplex communication structure is adopted to connect between described rear battery pack control circuit 34 and digital signal processing module 2.
Such as Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, described leading portion battery pack control circuit 32, stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 all include by the charge-discharge circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor on-off control, and be the battery management chip of ISL78600 with same battery management chip 35(such as model) conducting is connected, the connected set of cells conducting in described charge-discharge circuit one end connects, and in described set of cells, each two is upper after being connected electrically in same metal-oxide-semiconductor accesses described charge-discharge circuit, its structure is identical with existing charge-discharge circuit with operation principle, and in this not go into detail；In the charge-discharge circuit of wherein said leading portion battery pack control circuit 32, a part of circuit connects external cabling terminal, and another part circuit connects battery management chip 35；Described stage casing battery pack control circuit also includes four tunnels being connected with battery management chip 35 conducting and controls parameter input circuit EX1～EX4 and two-way daisy chain circuit, its one end DAISYDW interface and DAISYUP interface turn on described leading portion battery pack control circuit 32 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 respectively and are connected, and the other end is connected with DH port and the conducting of DL port of battery management chip 35；Described tail end battery pack control circuit also includes the communicating circuit (Microcontrollerinterface) being connected with microcomputer and receives the communicating circuit EX1～EX4 of external data.
nullSuch as Fig. 5，Described battery voltage value harvester 31 is main by shift circuit 311、Demultplexer 312、Transport and placing device 313(such as model is the transport and placing device of LM386)、Signal imitation chip 314、Encoder 315 and pin-saving chip 316(such as model are the storage chip of AT24C02) composition，The quantity of described shift circuit 311 and described leading portion battery pack control circuit 32、Stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 is consistent with the quantity of the set of cells of rear battery pack control circuit 34，And the input of each described shift circuit 311 turns on one to one with described set of cells and is connected，Outfan all turns on the input of described demultplexer 312 and is connected，A wherein outfan of described demultplexer 312 is by being connected with the conducting of described signal imitation chip 314 after transport and placing device 313，Another outfan sequentially turns on and is connected to encoder 315 and pin-saving chip 316，Realize the storage of digital value.
The operation principle of electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system of the present invention is: first, leading portion battery pack control circuit 32, stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 power on after Auto-Sensing identification number of batteries, and configure the order of battery, address etc., and the mode of AC coupled is adopted to carry out communication between；Then, the magnitude of voltage analogue signal of respective battery is carried out Real-time Collection by leading portion battery pack control circuit 32, stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 by battery voltage value harvester 31, and (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is the battery voltage value under different temperatures and the battery voltage value compared with the 3rd batteries respectively, can be seen that voltage error scope control is in 20mV), and send digital signal processing module 2 to；Finally, digital signal processing module 2 carries out fault diagnosis after converting the magnitude of voltage analogue signal of collection to digital signal, and pass sequentially through SOC 21 and balance current device 22 carries out SOC computing and balance current processing, magnitude of voltage digital signal, fault diagnosis result and SOC computing and balance current processing result are all sent to man machine interface 1 and display (core body voltage, temperature, the malfunction of placing an order such as each set of cells etc.) simultaneously, supply user monitoring.
Wherein, the balanced balanced current of described balanced balanced current device 22 processes such as Fig. 6, " A " place is the magnitude of voltage after the long charging interval, B place is the magnitude of voltage after long discharge, and when Balance Treatment occurs at charging 80% place, charging equilibration time occurs to locate at 80% × 2.5=2 hour, capacity is 10Ah, the balance correction process in each cycle is 0.05Ah, and balanced balanced current is 25mA, reaches balance through several all after dates even battery；And electromagnetism cycle capacity imbalance is about a definite value every time, it is possible to obtain by testing.
So, the present invention proposes to set up the tertiary management system of the syllogic Battery control module 3 including the man machine interface 1 of upper client layer, the digital signal processing module 2 of intermediate treatment layer and bottom hardware layer, breaks through existing pure battery management algorithm and sets out the system carried out；This system is with client for final goal, the functional module that bed-by-bed analysis aspect at different levels has, overall structure is well arranged, by certain field problem that the Multidisciplinary Integration system decomposition of numerous and complicated is independent, design the thinkings such as the clear and definite process function of offer, input and output mode, communication need for each layer；And, digital signal processing module 2 analyzes the discharge current impact on battery capacity by SOC 21 and balance current device 22, and temperature, battery cyclic, the self discharge impact on battery SOC on the nonlinear parameters such as capacity parameter and Multivariable Coupling, adopt dynamic fuzzy neural network self study SOC to be estimated thus founding mathematical models；And, adopt syllogic Battery control module 3 that the magnitude of voltage of each battery of set of cells is monitored in real time, this hardware topology ensures that voltage accuracy is within the scope of positive and negative 30mV, each set of cells is managed by leading portion battery pack control circuit 32, stage casing battery pack control circuit 33 and rear battery pack control circuit 34 respectively simultaneously, the mode adopting AC coupled between each circuit carries out communication, and automatically identify when set of cells occurs and increases or reduce and configure, use and manage flexible, convenience.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete optimal technical scheme further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace, protection scope of the present invention all should be considered as belonging to.
Claims (4)
1. an electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system, it is characterized in that: include a man machine interface (1) for the state of set of cells and fault being carried out display in real time being connected with running computer, the digital signal processing module (2) of one conversion, the calculation process mutually being used for the superior and the subordinate's analog data and numerical data, and the syllogic Battery control module (3) that for carrying out detection in real time, control to battery state and fault；Described man machine interface (1), digital signal processing module (2) and syllogic Battery control module (3) sequentially turn on connection；
nullWherein，Described syllogic Battery control module (3) is main by battery voltage value harvester (31)、Leading portion battery pack control circuit (32)、Stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) and rear battery pack control circuit (34) composition，The outfan of described battery voltage value harvester (31) is connected with described digital signal processing module (2) conducting，Input and described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32)、Stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) and rear battery pack control circuit (34) conducting connect，And described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32)、Daisy chain structure is adopted to sequentially turn on connection between stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) and rear battery pack control circuit (34)，The conducting of half duplex communication structure is adopted to connect between described rear battery pack control circuit (34) and described digital signal processing module (2)；
Described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32), stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) and rear battery pack control circuit (34) all include by the charge-discharge circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor on-off control, and be connected with same battery management chip (35) conducting, the connected set of cells conducting in described charge-discharge circuit one end connects, and in described set of cells, each two above accesses described charge-discharge circuit after being connected electrically in same metal-oxide-semiconductor；In the charge-discharge circuit of wherein said leading portion battery pack control circuit (32), a part of circuit connects external cabling terminal, and another part circuit connects described battery management chip (35)；Described stage casing battery pack control circuit also includes four tunnels being connected with described battery management chip (35) conducting and controls parameter input circuit EX1～EX4 and two-way daisy chain circuit, its one end DAISYDW interface and DAISYUP interface turn on described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32) and rear battery pack control circuit (34) respectively and are connected, and the other end is connected with DH port and the conducting of DL port of described battery management chip (35)；Described rear battery pack control circuit (34) also includes the communicating circuit (Microcontrollerinterface) being connected with microcomputer and receives the communicating circuit EX1～EX4 of external data.
2. electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32) with in set of cells before the conducting of 6 to 12 batteries be connected, described rear battery pack control circuit (34) is connected with last 6 to 12 the batteries conducting in described set of cells, and described stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) turns on the remaining battery in described set of cells and is connected.
null3. electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system according to claim 2，It is characterized in that: described battery voltage value harvester (31) is main by shift circuit (311)、Demultplexer (312)、Transport and placing device (313)、Signal imitation chip (314)、Encoder (315) and pin-saving chip (316) composition，The quantity of described shift circuit (311) and described leading portion battery pack control circuit (32)、Stage casing battery pack control circuit (33) is consistent with the quantity of the set of cells of rear battery pack control circuit (34)，And the input of each described shift circuit (311) turns on one to one with described set of cells and is connected，Outfan all turns on the input of described demultplexer (312) and is connected，A wherein outfan of described demultplexer (312) is connected with the conducting of described signal imitation chip (314) afterwards by described transport and placing device (313)，Another outfan sequentially turns on and is connected to encoder (315) and pin-saving chip (316)，Realize the storage of digital value.
4. the electric automobile ferric phosphate lithium cell group tertiary management system in any of the one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: SOC (21) and balance current device (22) that described digital signal processing module (2) is mainly connected by mutual conduction form.
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Effective date of registration: 20181128 Address after: 311121 Quhai Building, Wuchang Street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 403A Patentee after: Hangzhou mousse Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 528400 No. 25 Boai No. 7 Road, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Zhongshan Polytechnic |