CN104237619A - Intelligent avometer - Google Patents
Intelligent avometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237619A CN104237619A CN201410319581.5A CN201410319581A CN104237619A CN 104237619 A CN104237619 A CN 104237619A CN 201410319581 A CN201410319581 A CN 201410319581A CN 104237619 A CN104237619 A CN 104237619A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent avometer and belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technologies. Twenty types of whole series of common voltage and current meters are integrated to the universal panel meter. A four-digit nixie tube in the center is used for displaying a measurement result. Five red indicator lamps on the left side are used for indicating five voltage ranges. Five yellow indicator lamps on the right side are used for indicating five current ranges. On-off of an AC indicator lamp is used for distinguishing AC and DC. A reset key R, a determination key Y, a voltage key V and a current key A are arranged; the ranges set through the keys will not change unless resetting is performed. The purposes that the avometer has the multiple functions and performs wide-area measurement are achieved. A COM port, a V/A port, a port of 10 A and a power input port of 220 V are formed in the back of the avometer. Current of more than 0.4 A is input from the port of 10 A, and all the rest is input from the V/A port. The avometer is composed of a single chip microcomputer, an AC and DC converter, a digital-to-analog converter, analog switches and a display driver chip. While the measurement result is displayed, data are transmitted to an upper computer, so that fusion with a network is achieved. Please check the front view of the abstract attached diagram, and if the LAC and LA5 indicator lamps are on, the avometer works at the AC range of 10 A.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent general-purpose electrician panel meter, specifically, relate to new ideas intelligent panel instrument and its implementation that a kind of use one table replaces complete series voltage table and complete series reometer.
Background technology
The most frequently used in electrotechnical measurement is voltage table and reometer.Known three Semi-digital panel watch series comprise: D.C. voltmeter 200MV, 2V, 20V, 200V, 500V; A.C. voltmeter 200MV, 2V, 20V, 200V, 500V; DC ammeter 200uA, 2MA, 20MA, 200MA, 5A; Alternating current ammeter 200uA, 2MA, 20MA, 200MA, 5A be totally 20 kinds of variety classeses and specification.This situation not only makes multiple links such as producing and selling, buying, storage, use bother very much, and tens kinds of different instrument will realize integrating with digital technology, are difficult to find feasible program.This world-famous puzzle has perplexed scientific and technological circle decades.Known voltage, reometer are still familiar faces in decades, can only naked eyes reading.
The invention provides an original creation scheme, known all common voltages, reometer are realized integrated and intelligent, realizes as described in " 863 Program " " multi-source, isomer data integration, storage, process and visualization technique ".
Summary of the invention
In " the advanced manufacturing technology field " of " 863 Program ", propose at the 2.6.1 joint of " intelligence manufacture ": " break through legacy system hierarchy, for industrial requirement, towards wide area observing and controlling, realize bottom Internet of Things to internet seamless fusion and integrated.”
According to the requirement of " 863 Program ", the present invention designs that a kind of structure is simple, powerful, integrated level is high and the intelligent general-purpose An Fubiao of band data communication facility.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of intelligent general-purpose An Fubiao, and it comprises: the current connector that the voltage connector be connected with input voltage is connected with input current; By the analog switching circuit that high input impedance circuit, current sampling resistor are connected with voltage connector and current connector respectively; For controlling the input end of gating analog switching circuit to obtain the single-chip microcomputer of voltage to be measured or current information, the data line of this single-chip microcomputer is connected with analog to digital converter; For measuring the AC/DC converter of alternating voltage, this switch input is connected with analog switch, and output terminal is connected with analog to digital converter; With four relays that parallel way is connected, its input end is connected with V/A (electric current and voltage) port, and its output terminal is connected with sample resistance with analog switch; The display circuit be connected with single-chip microcomputer and communication interface.
Wherein, resistance RI resistance is 10M, to improve input impedance; It inputs termination V/A (electric current and voltage) port, exports the common port of termination analog switch; The resistance of resistance R1, R2, R3, R4 is followed successively by 1.11M, 101K, 10K, 1K, and the bleeder circuit intrinsic standoff ratio that itself and RI form is followed successively by 1/10,1/100,1/1000,1/10000.During single-chip microcomputer input analog switch difference address code, just set the measurement gear of 400MV [basic shelves, not dividing potential drop] and 4V, 40V, 400v, 1000V successively.
Wherein, the resistance of current sampling resistor R5, R6, R7, R8 is followed successively by 1K, 100 Ω, 10 Ω, 1 Ω.The common port of these four resistance enters ground, after signal end is connected with the output terminal of relay J 1, J2, J3, J4 successively, then is connected with port K5, K6, K7, K8 of analog switch.When single-chip microcomputer inputs different address codes, analog switch just sets the electric current gear of 400uA, 4MA, 40MA, 400MA.Now relay is also simultaneously in on-state by corresponding gating wherein one.The electric current of 400MA-10A without relay, but directly enters 0.01 Europe resistance from 10A port.AC/DC converter is connected between the common port of analog switch A and analog switch B, and when input signal is for exchanging, this converter can carry out AC/DC conversion, and the d. c. voltage signal after conversion enters analog to digital converter through analog switch B; Direct current signal directly gives analog to digital converter through analog switch B from analog switch A common port, and the digital quantity through conversion gives single-chip microcomputer; Wherein, communication interface is USB interface; Wherein, four LED charactrons composition display circuit boards, are used for display measurement result; Wherein, IC1 and IC2 is two eight bit register chips, and single-chip microcomputer passes through the corresponding pilot lamp of this chip difference ignition voltage and current gear; Finally, transformation result is given display board display by single-chip microcomputer, sends data to host computer again subsequently by USB.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, crack hard issues in " the advanced manufacturing technology field " of " 863 Program ", the 2.6.1 item of " intelligence manufacture " one joint, content is: " break through legacy system hierarchy, for industrial requirement; towards wide area observing and controlling, realize bottom Internet of Things to internet seamless fusion and integrated." the present invention and this project demand fit like a glove, thus satisfactory solve this difficult scientific problems.
2, being widely used the present invention and not being only applicable to electrical technology field, and be applicable to the various aspects such as science and education, electromechanics, automatically control, is all standing of application.
3, highly integrated script is divided into the product of 20 specifications, merges into an integrated instrument now, solves " multi-source, isomery " analog quantity that " 863 Program " propose conversion difficult problem to digital quantity.
4, the general-purpose instrument that structure simple functions is powerful, only has three input ports and four buttons.Once gear is selected, without operation in operation, button does not also use, and full intellectuality runs.
5, standardized casing easy for installation, succinct external structure, any position being installed on main frame that can be very easy.
6, intelligent protection is except GPF (General Protection False, increases intelligent protection function: automatically enter high one grade after voltage overrange; Electric current overrange relay disconnects, and is placed in voltage gear; Measured value exceedes maximal value (, more than 1000v, electric current is more than 10A for voltage) instrument and reports to the police.Perfect protection guarantees that instrument safety runs.
7, intelligent prompt general intelligence product setting, set-up procedure complexity, impact is promoted; This product is by prompting operation, easy to learn, promotes easily.
8, promote that intelligence manufacture known electrical instrument nil signal exports, therefore intelligent artifact research and development receive restriction greatly; The present invention makes electrical instrument and digital technology integrate with, thus greatly promotes the development of intelligence manufacture industry.
9, high performance-price ratio script 20 pieces of functions shown, show satisfactory replacement by one piece, and producing and selling, storage, use all greatly simplify, and overall economic efficiency is very high.
10, holder networking electrotechnical measurement is ubiquitous, by the discrete instrument of " multi-source, isomery ", upgrades to integral standard digital source, can ideally be merged with Internet of Things by USB port.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 15 is circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 1-14 is two of the present invention and arranges citing.
Figure 16 is measurement procedure figure of the present invention.
Specific implementation
Intelligence general-purpose An Fubiao has three input ports, i.e. COM, V/A and 10A.The AC ground of electric signal to be measured or direct current negative terminal are all from the input of COM end, and 400MA-10A current signal is from the input of 10A port, and its aftercurrent, voltage signal all input from V/A port.
From the voltage signal of V/A port input, be connected with the common port of analog switch A through resistance RI (10M), current signal is connected with the input end of four relay J 1-J4 in parallel, and big current (400MA-10A) is directly connected with resistance R9 (0.01 Ω) through 10A port.
Three ports of single-chip microcomputer are connected with three address wires of analog switch, and in order to the gating of control K1-K8, the gear layout of K1-K8 is shown in accompanying drawing 15.Through setting operation, one grade in single-chip microcomputer gating 4V, 40V, 400V, 1000V and 400uA, 4MA, 40MA, 400MA; Analog switch contract fully during 400MV voltage gear, signal leads directly to gauge internal through RI; During 10A current gear, sample resistance R9 upper end is connected with analog switch K6, and instrument real work is at 40MA shelves, and measurement data is identical, points out current range (10A) by single-chip microcomputer.Like this, just there are 5 shelves of direct voltage and 5 DC current shelves, amounted to 10 zero frequency spans.
If instrument is set as direct current, signal is directly sent into analog to digital converter by analog switch B; If instrument is set as exchanging, then pilot lamp AC is bright, and analog switch B connects AC/DC AC/DC changeover switch, enters analog to digital converter again after AC signal being converted to direct current signal.Like this, just form DC-AC two-use and amount to 20 electric currents, voltage gears.
Through the electric signal of instrument input port input, by the gear of single-chip microcomputer setting, by analog input analog to digital converter, after conversion, the data obtained send to 4 light-emitting diode displays by single-chip microcomputer, send data to host computer again through USB port simultaneously.
Intelligence An Fubiao adopts the standard casing of 42*90*100mm, and instrument front is 4 0.56 inch of charactrons, each homeotropic alignment in both sides 5 LED light, and voltage is red, and electric current is yellow.Corresponding 400MV, 4V, 40V, 400V, 1000V and 400uA, 4MA, 40MA, 400MA, 10A respectively.There is red interchange pilot lamp AC in the lower left corner.Lower right is R, Y, V, A tetra-buttons.Layout is shown in Figure of abstract.
During set position, R key and Y key can be pressed simultaneously, then first unclamp R key, after unclamp Y key, instrument show? does-UA, represent that instrument is in inquiry: be select voltage gear? or current gear? (click V key and select voltage gear, click A key and select current gear).Click V key, select voltage gear.Instrument display U-dc, represents and confirms shelves of direct voltage.Click V key again, AC-dC checker.Click Y key when there is dC, pilot lamp L1 is bright, numeral method U-01, represents that instrument enters DC voltage 01 grade.Adopting consecutive click chemical reaction V key, gear changes between 01-05, moves and light on red led is synchronous.To select U4 shelves (400V), when showing U-04 and 400V pilot lamp is bright, click Y key, gear is identified, the Add0 of instrument display subsequently, represents to enter and selects address shelves.Adopting consecutive click chemical reaction V key, position, Add end successively 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, change between A, B, C, D, E, F, represent the address value of this instrument.The data separation of different instrument, when many instrument and upper machine communication, comes by this address value; (single Instrument use can not select address value.) after address determines, click Y key, instrument display full 0, pilot lamp AC goes out, and L4 is bright, represents that setting instrumentation is at direct current 400V shelves.Now Status value is stored.Start next time, instrument directly enters the work of direct current 400V shelves.Overall process diagram is shown in Fig. 1-7.
In like manner, select the operation of alternating current shelves, only click V key need be changed into and click A key.When selecting 10A current gear, signal input reconfiguration 10A port.The gear selecting process graphical of alternating current 10A shelves is shown in Fig. 8-14.
More than describe and be only a typical apply example of the present invention.Be not used for limiting the present invention.In commercialization process, any amendment done according to principle of the present invention and principle, equivalently replace and improve, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Below explanation is set for direct current 400V shelves:
Fig. 1, press R and Y key, first loose R key, more loose Y key simultaneously.Does instrument show?-UA, asks and arranges U (voltage) shelves, or A (electric current) shelves.
Fig. 2, click V key, select voltage gear, and instrument display U-dC, represents and enter shelves of direct voltage.
Fig. 3, adopting consecutive click chemical reaction V key, instrument Alternation Display U-AC and U-dC, when showing U-dC, clicking Y key, selecting shelves of direct voltage.Instrument enters DC voltage 1 grade, and 400MV pilot lamp is bright.
Fig. 4, instrument are DC voltage 1 grade, and pilot hits V key, and gear changes between 01-05, move on pilot lamp is synchronous.Arrive 400V shelves, during display U-04, click Y key.
The display of Fig. 5, instrument Add0,400V pilot lamp is bright, represents that voltage gear is determined, enters and select address shelves.Click V key, last position changes between 0-F, has 16 addresses, when there is Add3, clicks Y key.
Fig. 6, instrument display full 0, represent that instrumentation is at DC voltage 400V shelves, instrument code NO3, setting data stores, and instrument is standby.
Fig. 7, instrument measurement value are the state of direct current 180.5V.
What below exchange 10A shelves for setting arranges explanation:
Fig. 8, press R and Y key, first loose R key, more loose Y key simultaneously, does instrument show?-UA, asks and arranges U (voltage) shelves or A (electric current) shelves.
Fig. 9, click A key, select current gear, instrument display A-dC. represents and enters DC current shelves.
Figure 10, adopting consecutive click chemical reaction A key, instrument Alternation Display A-dC and A-AC.When showing A-AC, clicking Y key, selecting alternating current shelves.
Figure 11, instrument enter alternating current 01 grade, and exchange pilot lamp AC bright, 400uA pilot lamp is bright, adopting consecutive click chemical reaction A key, and gear changes between 01-05, move on pilot lamp is synchronous, and when arriving 10A shelves, display A-05, clicks Y key.
Figure 12, instrument display Add0, represents that current gear confirms, enters address selection shelves.Click A key, last position changes between 0-F, when showing Add4, clicks Y key.
Figure 13, instrument display full 0, represent that instrumentation is at alternating current 10A shelves, instrument code NO4, data store, and instrument is standby.
Figure 14, electric current are from 10A port and COM port input, and measuring alternating current is the state of 5.84A.
Claims (8)
1. an intelligent An Fubiao, is characterized in that, all input voltages and the public electric current and voltage connector of milliampere level electric current, the current connector that ampere level is special; By the analog switching circuit that high input impedance circuit, current sampling resistor are connected with current connector with voltage connector respectively; For controlling the input end of gating analog switching circuit to obtain the single-chip microcomputer of each shelves voltage or current information, this single-chip microcomputer is connected with analog to digital converter by data line, and this single-chip microcomputer is also connected with four relays for electric current stepping by 2803; AC signal first enters analog to digital converter again through AC/DC converter; Final data sends to 4 Digital sum pipes to show by single-chip microcomputer; 20 measurement gears are pressed step by reset key R, OK button Y, voltage key V, electric current key A and are selected, and carry out gear storage by single-chip microcomputer, measurement result sends computing machine to by USB port.
2. intelligent An Fubiao according to claim 1, is characterized in that, voltage gear, by a high impedance input resistance RI, is connected with divider resistance R1, R2, R3, R4 successively through analog switch; Current gear is connected with analog switch through relay, sample resistance; The sample resistance of 10A current gear is directly connected with analog switch without relay.
3. according to claim 2, divider resistance R1, R2, R3, R4 one end altogether, and is followed successively by 1/10,1/100,1/1000,1/10000 with the intrinsic standoff ratio of RI; The resistance of sample resistance R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 is followed successively by 1K, 100 Ω, 10 Ω, 1 Ω, 0.01 Ω.
4. intelligent An Fubiao according to claim 1, is characterized in that, drive ten pilot lamp by single-chip microcomputer through shift register, to distinguish different gear.
5. intelligent An Fubiao according to claim 1, is characterized in that, set different voltage, electric current gear through reset key R, OK button Y, voltage key V, electric current key A.
6. intelligent An Fubiao according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when overrange appears in voltage, instrument automatically switches to high one grade of work temporarily, power-off restarting, and instrument is still operated in former setting shelves; When overrange appears in V/A shelves electric current, relay disconnects; V/A shelves surpass instrument when 1000V, 10A shelves surpass 10A and report to the police, and instrument is fully protected.
7. intelligent An Fubiao according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by USB port and computer communication.
8. one kind with the implementation method of claim 1-6 intelligent An Fubiao described in any one, when it is characterized in that comprising the steps: with reset key R, acknowledgement key Y, voltage key V, electric current key A tetra-button set positions, group of four figures pipe simultaneous display operation steps, set complete and click acknowledgement key, gear information is stored.
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| CN201410319581.5A CN104237619B (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2014-07-07 | Intelligent general-purpose An Fubiao |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104793049A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉大学 | Digital power meter |
| CN104991451A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Smart home measurement and control chargeable music perpetual calendar |
| CN105004912A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-28 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Intelligent multi-source avometer |
| CN107092207A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-08-25 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Intelligent general-purpose senses table |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104793049A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉大学 | Digital power meter |
| CN104991451A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Smart home measurement and control chargeable music perpetual calendar |
| CN105004912A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-28 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Intelligent multi-source avometer |
| CN107092207A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-08-25 | 武汉振道世纪科技有限公司 | Intelligent general-purpose senses table |
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| CN104237619B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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