CN104237609A - Fault diagnosis method for direct-current brushed motor drive circuit - Google Patents

Fault diagnosis method for direct-current brushed motor drive circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104237609A
CN104237609A CN201310222992.8A CN201310222992A CN104237609A CN 104237609 A CN104237609 A CN 104237609A CN 201310222992 A CN201310222992 A CN 201310222992A CN 104237609 A CN104237609 A CN 104237609A
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motor
mcu
circuit
voltage
vpk
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罗刚
万礼华
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Chongqing Jinmei Communication Co Ltd
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Chongqing Jinmei Communication Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a fault diagnosis method for direct-current brushed motor drive circuit. According to the method, modules including a central processing single-chip microcomputer, an H-bridge motor drive circuit, a motor control circuit, a voltage sampling and divider circuit at the two ends of the motor, and an up-down pulling enabling circuit at the two ends of the motor and the like are arranged. Voltages at the two ends of the motor are monitored; with the MOS tubes corresponding to the up/down pulling and on/off operations at the two ends of the motor, the open-circuit or short-circuit fault diagnoses of the MOS tubes are carried out; and meanwhile, the open-circuit fault of the motor also can be diagnosed.

Description

A kind of brush direct current motor driving circuit method for diagnosing faults
Technical field
The present invention relates to DC motor Driver fault diagnosis technology, mainly for the method for diagnosing faults of brush direct current motor driving circuit, so that decision circuit failure cause more fast and accurately.
Background technology
For the purpose of quoting and know, define hereinafter use technical term, write a Chinese character in simplified form or abridge and be summarized as follows:
M: brush direct current motor
H bridge: conventional motor-drive circuit, is made up of 4 MOS transistor
Rshunt: the sampling resistor detecting electric current
AD mouth: the collection of simulant signal mouth of CPU (central processing unit) (MCU)
VCC: system power supply voltage
MCU: micro-control unit, being called for short single-chip microcomputer, is the CPU (central processing unit) of system
Vm+: the voltage of motor M+end
Vm-: the voltage of motor M-end
Vp: deliver to the voltage that AD mouth gathers after motor port monitoring sampling process
The enable output of MCU_IO1:MCU, can be configured to export high level H(5V by MCU) or low level L(0V)
The enable output of MCU_IO2:MCU, can be configured to export high level H(5V by MCU) or low level L(0V)
Vpk: at H bridge under normal circumstances, turn off Q1 ~ Q4, MCU_IO1 and MCU_IO2 by resistance sampling potential-divider network be added to R7 hold and send into MCU AD mouth collection voltage; Its principle and Vp similar
The patent document information hereinafter quoted as proof is as follows:
Patent documentation 1: Authorization Notice No. CN 1067190C
Adopting in the control system of direct current generator as the power source of its topworks, very difficult problem when how to diagnose out the fault of motor-drive circuit fast, accurately.Especially need more to be difficult to when not increasing system cost and complexity realize.
Treating method general is at present: rely on some built-in simple fault diagnostic functions of the H bridge driving chip of chip manufacturer production to realize.But what this kind of method can only be rough carries out fault diagnosis to driving circuit.Can not accurately originate by localizing faults.
Also the treating method had realizes accurate fault location by comparatively complicated switch and upper drop-down enable circuits.As in patent documentation 1 the method mentioned, which increase 4 switches and be aided with drop-down enable circuits to come diagnosing malfunction.Although can Precise Diagnosis fault, too much device introduces cost and the complexity of the system that adds, and reduces system reliability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of method for diagnosing faults of brush direct current motor driving circuit, it does not increase system cost and complexity again while Precise Diagnosis driving circuit fault.
This diagnostic method circuit, comprises the functional module such as drop-down enable circuits on H-bridge drive circuit, circuit for controlling motor, motor status sample circuit, motor two ends.Its principal feature is:
Adopt versatility H-bridge drive circuit to provide drive current loop to motor, and be connected in series current sampling resistor at H bridge low limit metal-oxide-semiconductor with between ground, current of electric is monitored in real time;
By MCU, circuit for controlling motor is controlled, on/off operation can be carried out to each metal-oxide-semiconductor of H bridge;
MCU can monitor in real time to system power supply voltage VCC, can to Rk1, Rk2 two end signal MCU_IO1, MCU_IO2 to carry out height enable;
Respectively motor two ends are sampled, current limliting, and by the voltage after dividing potential drop by different terminating resistors link be synthesized together, and to synthesis after voltage monitor;
The present invention can carry out single fault diagnosis to each metal-oxide-semiconductor in H-bridge circuit;
The present invention also can diagnose motor open fault.
The technique effect that the present invention is useful is :owing to adopting versatility H-bridge drive circuit, its accommodation is very wide.Meanwhile, the passive devices such as the just resistance that the present invention increases, it increases system cost hardly and reliability is very high.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1: the overall theory diagram of motor-drive circuit fault diagnosis
embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the overall theory diagram of motor-drive circuit fault diagnosis of the invention process form.
As shown in No. 1 module in Fig. 1, H-bridge circuit is made up of 4 metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ Q4.Q1 and Q2 is connected in series, Q3 and Q4 is connected in series.
An input end M+ of motor is connected between Q1 and Q2, and the another one input end M-of motor is connected between Q3 and Q4.
The S pole of Q3 and Q4 is connected in parallel, and is fallen down to the ground by current sampling resistor Rshunt connection.
As shown in No. 2 modules in Fig. 1, circuit for controlling motor can export GH1, GL1, GH2, GL2 according to the input pwm signal (drawing does not draw) of MCU herein, its opening or turning off of control Q1 ~ Q4 respectively.Meanwhile, circuit for controlling motor also can gather and process the voltage between current sampling resistor Rshunt, and then monitors in real time current of electric, to protect when electric current is excessive.
As shown in No. 3 modules in Fig. 1, an input end M+ of motor is connected to one end of resistance R1, connects with R3 in other one end of R1, other one end ground connection of R3; Voltage between R1 and R3 be exactly R1 sample motor M+terminal voltage and with R3 dividing potential drop after voltage P+.
The another one input end M-of motor is connected to one end of resistance R2, connects with R4 in other one end of R2, other one end ground connection of R4; Voltage between R2 and R4 be exactly R2 sample motor M+terminal voltage and with R4 dividing potential drop after voltage P-.
As shown in No. 3 modules in Fig. 1, one end and R1 and M+ of Rk1 link together; Other one end definition signal of Rk1 is called MCU_IO1, and MCU_IO1 is connected to the IO output port of MCU, and it can be configured to export high level (5V) or low level (0V) by MCU.
As shown in No. 3 modules in Fig. 1, one end and R2 and M-of Rk2 link together; Other one end definition signal of Rk2 is called MCU_IO2, and MCU_IO2 is connected to the another one IO output port of MCU, and it can be configured to export high level (5V) or low level (0V) by MCU.
As shown in No. 3 modules in Fig. 1, R1=R2, R3=R4, R5 ≠ R6.According to demand time response of system, can carry out filtering to form RC wave filter to Vp to ground at one end of R7 (Vp place) shunt capacitance, drawing does not draw herein.
P+ and P-is superimposed together respectively by one end of R5 and R6, and as shown in No. 3 modules in Fig. 1, the voltage after superposition is by obtaining voltage Vp after resistance in series R7, the AD mouth that Vp sends into MCU carries out real-time voltage collection and monitors.
fault diagnosis flow scheme:
After system electrification, MCU can monitor in real time to supply voltage VCC.Acquiescence MCU_IO1 and MCU_IO2 is configured to low L(0V).
R1, R2 sample M+ and M-end-point voltage, and sampling voltage is loaded into R7 to voltage monitoring point Vp respectively by R5, R6 after dividing potential drop.According to sampling bleeder circuit as shown in Figure 1, Vp terminal voltage and between M+, M-relation as follows:
Vp=(Vm+)×{[(R2//R4)+R5+R6]//R3}×(R2//R4+R6)÷[(R2//R4+R5+R6)//R3+R1]÷[R2//R4+R5+R6]+(Vm-)×[(R1//R3+R5+R6)//R4]×(R1//R3+R5)÷[(R1//R3+R5+R6)//R4+R2]÷(R1//R3+R5+R6)
Have for each VCC, Vm+ and Vm-and only have 4 kinds of states, as shown in the table:
? Vm+(V) Vm-(V)
1 0 0
2 0 VCC
3 VCC 0
4 VCC VCC
The state value table (Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition) that table 1:Vm+ and Vm-is possible
Then, according to 4 states of VCC and table 1,4 the Vp values of VCC under particular value can directly be calculated namely: Vp1, Vp2, Vp3, Vp4.One of four states respectively in corresponding table 1.
With the parameter in sample circuit shown in Fig. 1 and VCC=12V, Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition is example.Calculate Vp1=0V, Vp2=1.67V, Vp3=1.86V, Vp4=3.53V.
Judge voltage Vp and Vp1 that AD gathers, the relation of Vp2, Vp3, Vp4 draw as following table conclusion:
? Vm+(V) Vm-(V)
State 1:Vp=Vp1 0 0
State 2:Vp=Vp2 0 12
State 3:Vp=Vp3 12 0
State 4:Vp=Vp4 12 12
Table 2: judge Vm+ and Vm-current voltage state by the value of Vp
With the parameter in sample circuit shown in Fig. 1 and VCC=12V, Q1 ~ Q4 be closed condition and motor normally connects non-fault time, if MCU_IO1 exports as H(5V), then according to figure mono-, sample resistance parameter calculates Vpk=431mV; If during motor open circuit, Vpk=451mV.In like manner, if MCU_IO2 exports as H(5V), then according to figure mono-, sample resistance parameter calculates Vpk=431mV; If during motor open circuit, Vpk=411mV.Vpk state is as shown in the table:
Motor status MCU_IO1(V) MCU_IO2(V) Vpk(mV)
Motor normal 1 0 0 0
Motor normal 2 0 5 431
Motor normal 3 5 0 431
Motor normal 4 5 5 862
Table 3: Vpk state table when motor is normal
Motor status MCU_IO1(V) MCU_IO2(V) Vpk(mV)
Motor open circuit 1 0 0 0
Motor open circuit 2 0 5 411
Motor open circuit 3 5 0 451
Motor open circuit 4 5 5 862
Table 4: Vpk state table during motor open circuit
Judge Vm+ and Vm-current voltage state by table 2, now possible state is described one by one.
state 1:vp=Vp1, then Vm+ is 0, Vm-is 0.Then illustrate that end points M+ voltage and M-voltage are all 0.Now, confirm that Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition by GH1, GL1, GH2, GL2.
Step 1 (short trouble detection): control MCU_IO1 exports as H(5V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q3 short trouble is described, if Vpk=431mV, Q3 non-fault is described, if Vpk=451mV, motor open fault is described.Then, control MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), control MCU_IO2 exports as H(5V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q4 short trouble is described, if Vpk=431mV, Q4 non-fault is described, if Vpk=411mV, motor open fault is described.
Step 2 (open fault detection): control Q1 is open mode, and Q2 ~ Q4 keeps closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, then Q1 non-fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q1 open fault is described.Then, turn off Q1, open Q2, maintenance Q3 and Q4 is closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, then Q2 non-fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q2 open fault is described.
state 2:vp=Vp2, then Vm+ is 0, Vm-is 12V.Then explanation end points M+ voltage is 0, M-voltage is 12V.Confirm that Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition by GH1, GL1, GH2, GL2.
Step 1 (short trouble detection): control MCU_IO1 exports as H(5V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q3 short trouble is described, if Vpk=431mV, non-fault is described, if Vpk=451mV, motor open fault is described.Then, control MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), confirm that MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q2 non-fault is described, if Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, Q2 short trouble is described.
Step 2 (open fault detection): control Q1 is open mode, and Q2 ~ Q4 keeps closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, then Q1 non-fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q1 open fault is described.Then, turn off Q1, open Q4, maintenance Q2 and Q3 is closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, then Q4 open fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q4 non-fault is described.
state 3:vp=Vp3, then Vm+ is 12V, Vm-is 0V.Then explanation end points M+ voltage is 12V, M-voltage is 0V.Confirm that Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition by GH1, GL1, GH2, GL2.
Step 1 (short trouble detection): confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q1 non-fault is described, if Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, Q1 short trouble is described.Then, control MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as H(5V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q4 short trouble is described, if Vpk=431mV, Q4 non-fault is described, if Vpk=411mV, motor open fault is described.
Step 2 (open fault detection): control Q3 is open mode, and Q1, Q2, Q4 keep closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, then Q3 open fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q3 non-fault is described.Then, turn off Q3, open Q2, maintenance Q1 and Q4 is closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, then Q2 non-fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q2 open fault is described.
state 4:vp=Vp4, then Vm+ is 12V, Vm-is 12V.Then explanation end points M+ voltage is 12V, M-voltage is 12V.Confirm that Q1 ~ Q4 is closed condition by GH1, GL1, GH2, GL2.
Step 1 (short trouble detection): confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q1 non-fault is described, if Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, Q1 short trouble is described.Then, confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=0, Q2 non-fault is described, if Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, Q2 short trouble is described.
Step 2 (open fault detection): control Q3 is open mode, and Q1, Q2, Q4 keep closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp3=1.86V, then Q3 open fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q3 non-fault is described.Then, turn off Q3, open Q4, maintenance Q1 and Q2 is closed condition.Confirm that MCU_IO1 exports as L(0V), MCU_IO2 exports as L(0V), then detect Vpk voltage.If Vpk=Vp2=1.67V, then Q4 open fault is described, if Vpk=0V, Q4 non-fault is described.
In diagnosis implementation method by upper 4 states, according to the value of Vp and Vpk, by switching the state of certain pipe separately in MCU_IO1, MCU_IO2 and Q1 ~ Q4, open circuit or the short trouble of Q1 ~ Q4 can be diagnosed out; Also can diagnose out motor open fault simultaneously.
Diagnostic method according to this method ,/short trouble diagnosis of just can opening a way to H bridge switch element when not needing rotary electric machine.
Meanwhile, the method that the present invention adopts, does not increase active device, does not also increase switching device; Be only increase resistor network to carry out voltage sampling at motor two ends, coordinate the fault diagnosis that simple software decision logic just can realize H bridge accurately, while, also can be diagnosed the open fault of motor.The method does not increase cost and the complexity of system, but improves the fault diagnosis degree of accuracy of system.

Claims (4)

1. a brush direct current motor driving circuit method for diagnosing faults, it is characterized in that, comprise as lower module composition: the sampling of central processing single chip, H bridge motor-drive circuit, circuit for controlling motor, motor both end voltage and bleeder circuit, the module such as drop-down enable circuits on motor two ends.
2. the central authorities' process single chip circuit as claimed in claim 1 in motor-drive circuit, is characterized in that:
Central authorities' process single chip circuit can by carrying out VCC voltage acquisition to the sampling of VCC, can gather the voltage of Vp, Vpk, can to Rk1, Rk2 two end signal MCU_IO1, MCU_IO2 to carry out height enable, can by controlling circuit for controlling motor with each metal-oxide-semiconductor of control H bridge.
3. motor both end voltage samples and bleeder circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Adopt precision resistance R1, R2 to carry out voltage sampling respectively at motor two ends, by R3, R4 dividing potential drop after sampling, then by different resistance value R5, R6, motor both end voltage is superimposed, and R1=R2, R3=R4, R5 ≠ R6.
4. drop-down enable circuits on motor two ends as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be connected with one end of precision resistance Rk1, Rk2 respectively at motor two ends, other one end of Rk1, Rk2 is connected to the different I/O control port of MCU, MCU can to Rk1, Rk2 two end signal MCU_IO1, MCU_IO2 to carry out height enable.
CN201310222992.8A 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 Fault diagnosis method for direct-current brushed motor drive circuit Pending CN104237609A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104678163A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-06-03 东南大学 Direct-current motor winding current sampling circuit and sampling method thereof
CN106255893A (en) * 2015-04-06 2016-12-21 瑞尼斯股份有限公司 inductive load detection device
CN110701428A (en) * 2019-10-12 2020-01-17 山东大学 Built-in current closed-loop motor driver for pipeline detection robot
CN111289883A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-16 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 Open circuit detection circuit for H-bridge drive output
CN113466689A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-10-01 微进电子科技(上海)有限公司 Fault diagnosis circuit and method for brush direct current motor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104678163A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-06-03 东南大学 Direct-current motor winding current sampling circuit and sampling method thereof
CN106255893A (en) * 2015-04-06 2016-12-21 瑞尼斯股份有限公司 inductive load detection device
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CN110701428A (en) * 2019-10-12 2020-01-17 山东大学 Built-in current closed-loop motor driver for pipeline detection robot
CN110701428B (en) * 2019-10-12 2021-07-09 山东大学 Built-in current closed-loop motor driver for pipeline detection robot
CN111289883A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-16 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 Open circuit detection circuit for H-bridge drive output
CN111289883B (en) * 2020-03-30 2022-05-03 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 Open circuit detection circuit for H-bridge drive output
CN113466689A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-10-01 微进电子科技(上海)有限公司 Fault diagnosis circuit and method for brush direct current motor

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Application publication date: 20141224