CN104236489B - Prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method - Google Patents
Prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method.Goal of the invention is to provide prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method, fast and accurately judges country rock anisotropy relative relaxation thickness.The technical scheme of invention：1st, in chamber section one group of testing bore holes is drilled with top board, base plate and two side walls；2nd, cross hole method carries out wave velocity testing, and prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave V is undisturbed as original with the test value of wave speed in the range of foot of hole 2mpo, drill in the range of remaining by different depth statistics actual measurement velocity of wave；3rd, using Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo)2=0.75~0.45 lax perturbing area velocity of wave V for trying to achieve top board, base plate and two side walls respectivelypm, then with VpmActual measurement velocity of wave with step 2 gained correspondence direction is matched, and obtains anisotropy relative relaxation thickness.Invent for water conservancy project anisotropy country rock chamber engineering field.
Description
Technical field
Quantitatively commented the present invention relates to a kind of velocity of wave of prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree
Sentence method, be primarily adapted for use in water conservancy project anisotropy country rock chamber engineering field.
Background technology
The widely distributed prismatical joint Black Warrior rock mass in Southwestern China hydroelectric development region, such as China's Huge Power Station white crane beach,
Small stream Luo Du and ERTAN Hydroelectric ProJect etc. are related to, and particularly in Jinsha jiang River white crane beach power station built, prismatical joint basalt is
One of Rock is built as the main hydraulic tunnel country rock of the hydroelectric project and dam.It is each to different for such in engineering
Property significant rock mass as be assumed to isotropism studied, larger error certainly will be caused, therefore the prismatical joint Black Warrior should be combined
Rock in-situ test achievement carries out surrounding rock of chamber analysis and design according to anisotropy theory.
Centre bore and bearing plate original position load test according to white crane beach Dam Site area prismatical joint basalt chamber,
Significant anisotropy is shown, specially chamber or so abutment wall horizontal direction distorted pattern value is more than the vertical side of chamber roof and floor
To deformation modulus, this is mainly by the prismatical joint of complicated surrounding rock of chamber geotechnic stress and uneven dense distribution and micro-
Cause in crack.It is for isotropism and approximately each to same frequently with velocity of wave geophysical prospecting method when judging surrounding rock of chamber classification and relaxing
Property rock mass due to country rock surrounding homogeneous media and property it is consistent, certain certain value can be less than or equal to using different directions country rock velocity of wave
Carry out judging lax, but then show deficiency for broken anisotropy prismatical joint Black Warrior country rock.
Prismatical joint basalt is influenceed due to joint, itself there is anisotropy, and after excavation disturbance, free face off-load can be sent out
Raw country rock relaxes, after its surrounding rock of chamber is excavated, upper and lower bottom plate and the lax thickness of left and right abutment wall, and also with anisotropy, with
Often there are following mistaken ideas when velocity of wave is judged：
First, intact prismatical joint basalt belongs to fragmented rock body in itself, and joint plane opens sliding after excavating off-load,
Exacerbate degree of crushing, with velocity of wave judge country rock it is lax when, should not be in different directions with same velocity of wave size as standard
(such as with Black Warrior sillar velocity of wave size as standard), this just ignores the influence of original degree of crushing, also fails to consider original country rock
Anisotropic influence, it is impossible to embody the lax degree of the more original country rock of country rock after Blasting Excavation, i.e., after cannot drawing excavation
Relaxation area of the country rock compared with original country rock, can only draw relaxation area of the country rock compared with complete Black Warrior sillar after excavation.
Secondly, can not be judged with velocity of wave absolute value, it is assumed that in wave velocity testing drilling 5m depth boundses, chamber roof and floor
Rock mass is undisturbed preceding degree of crushing just height, and average velocity of wave is low (it is assumed that initial value 5000m/s), if roof and floor is protected after adit digging
Shield measure preferably, disturbs relatively low to it, and the degree that relaxes less, but is such as judged with absolute value, its velocity of wave still very little (it is assumed that opening
It is 4500m/s after digging), can show that chamber roof and floor is influenceed greatly by excavation, and relax that the big conclusion of area's thickness (compare by actual velocity of wave
10%) original country rock only reduces.Similarly, if chamber or so abutment wall is influenceed greatly by Blasting Excavation, but velocity of wave initial value is just high
(it is assumed that initial value 6500m/s), although velocity of wave absolute value is still larger (it is assumed that 5000m/s after excavating) after excavation, can draw left and right
The little conclusion (reducing 23.1% compared to the actual value of wave speed of original country rock) of the lax degree of abutment wall.Compared with original country rock, by
In left and right, abutment wall velocity of wave reduction amplitude is bigger compared with top board and base plate, causes the more original surrounding rock deterioration degree of country rock physico mechanical characteristic
It is bigger, therefore abutment wall lax degree in left and right is big compared with top board and base plate.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of prismatical joint basalt chamber is provided for above-mentioned problem
Country rock anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method, fast and accurately to judge country rock anisotropy relative relaxation thickness.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree is judged
Method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
S1, certain section part in chamber, are drilled with one group of wave velocity testing drilling, each group on top board, base plate and two side walls
Wave velocity testing drilling is uniformly distributed, and stretches into the depth of original undisturbed rock mass not less than 2m；
S2, using cross hole method respectively to each group wave velocity testing drilling carry out wave velocity testing, with apart from wave velocity testing drill bottom
Test velocity of wave statistical value in the range of portion 2m is undisturbed prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave V for originalpo, wave velocity testing drills remaining model
In enclosing its actual measurement velocity of wave is counted according to different depth；
S3, using formula Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo)2=0.75~0.45 tries to achieve the lax of top board, base plate and two side walls respectively
Perturbing area velocity of wave Vpm, then with the lax perturbing area velocity of wave VpmActual measurement velocity of wave with step S2 gained correspondence directions is matched,
So as to obtain prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation thickness.
Every group of wave velocity testing drilling is constituted by 2 or 3 drillings being evenly arranged.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Present invention introduces prismatical joint basalt coefficient of relaxation Kvb(value 0.75-0.45,
Different coefficient of relaxation is used according to different chamber safe handling grades and quality of surrounding rock grade), it is defined as Kvb=(Vpm/
Vpo)2, the lax perturbing area velocity of wave V that will be calculated using the formulapmMatched with the actual measurement velocity of wave of correspondence direction, so that
Lax thickness is excavated to the surrounding rock of chamber relative to virgin rock, is prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anchoring support or grouting
Reliable foundation is provided, to country rock physical mechanics proterties close to or up original undisturbed rock mass mechanics physical state.Additionally,
Use coefficient of relaxation KvbEvaluating chamber anisotropy country rock relative relaxation has the advantage of clearly physical concept and quantitative description.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is chamber section wave velocity testing of the present invention and analysis schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment combination Fig. 1 is illustrated, on certain prismatical joint basalt chamber 1 certain section, top board, base plate, two
Proterties is anisotropy after side wall (including leftwall and RightWall) rock mass original traits and excavation.
The present embodiment is comprised the following steps that：
S1, certain section part in chamber 1, according to prismatical joint basalt anisotropy physics mechanical characteristic, its top board,
Three wave velocity testing drillings 2 are respectively drilled with base plate and two side walls；Positioned at same direction (top board, base plate, leftwall or the right
Wall) on the drilling of three wave velocity testings 2 be uniformly distributed, and hole depth requirement is relatively deep (generally 10m or so), stretches into original not disturbing
The depth of dynamic rock mass is former to count not less than 2m (depth that original undisturbed rock mass is stretched into the present embodiment drilling is just 2m)
Beginning and end disturb rock mass velocity；
S2, wave velocity testing 2 is carried out to the three wave velocity testings drilling on top board using cross hole method, bored with apart from wave velocity testing
Test velocity of wave statistical value in the range of the bottom 2m of hole 2 is undisturbed prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave V for the original of top boardpo1, velocity of wave survey
Test boring 2 carries out statistical analysis in the range of remaining according to different depth, obtains top board testing bore holes 2 and relaxes perturbing area different depth
Actual measurement velocity of wave Vpm1；Then respectively obtain the original of base plate according to same principle and method and be undisturbed prismatical joint basalt
Velocity of wave Vpo2, the lax perturbing area different depths of backplane testing drilling 2 actual measurement velocity of wave Vpm2, the original of leftwall be undisturbed column section
Reason basalt velocity of wave Vpo3, leftwall testing bore holes 2 relax the actual measurement velocity of wave V of perturbing area different depthpm3, RightWall it is original not
Disturbance prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave Vpo4, RightWall testing bore holes 2 relax the actual measurement velocity of wave V of perturbing area different depthpm4；Test
When, the testing sequence of top board, base plate, leftwall and RightWall can be adjusted at random；It is simultaneously the whole longitudinal depth in chamber edge of acquisition
Anisotropic relaxation scope, can be surveyed so that determining deviation arrangement is multiple along chamber longitudinal direction depth direction according to design needs
Hole, i.e., in different pile No. location arrangements gaging holes, to obtain the lax circle scope of whole piece tunnel；
S3, according to Rock-mass integrity index KvConcept (rock mass velocity with sillar velocity of wave ratio square), introduces column section
Reason basalt coefficient of relaxation Kvb(grade and quality of surrounding rock grade are used safely according to different chambers, can be relaxed using different
COEFFICIENT Kvb, can be by KvbLax standard is suitably reduced or improved, and relative relaxation thickness is judged with this), it is defined as Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo
)2, the as lax perturbing area velocity of wave V of prismatical joint basaltpmBe undisturbed prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave VpoRatio square；
Rock-mass integrity index KvIn concept, Kv<0.75 is more complete rock mass, Kv<0.45 is compared with fragmented rock body, therefore with Kvb=
0.75~0.45 is standard, and different directions K is tried to achieve respectivelyvbLax perturbing area velocity of wave V when=0.75~0.45pmCorrespondence depth,
Prismatical joint basalt anisotropy relative relaxation thickness is judged with this；
The present embodiment foundation step S2 gained statistical values, using formula Kvbi=(Vpmi/Vpoi)2The post of top board is tried to achieve respectively
Shape joint basalt coefficient of relaxation Kvb1, base plate prismatical joint basalt coefficient of relaxation Kvb2, leftwall the prismatical joint Black Warrior
Rock coefficient of relaxation Kvb3With the prismatical joint basalt coefficient of relaxation K of RightWallvb4, i=1,2,3,4, it is cave that position is represented respectively
Ceiling plate, base plate, leftwall and RightWall, to obtain prismatical joint surrounding rock of chamber anisotropic relaxation degree；Then according to reality
A quality of surrounding rock grade and safe handling grade are applied, K is comprehensively takenvb=0.6 is the lax and boundary index that do not relax；Using formula
Kvbi=(Vpmi/Vpoi)2=0.6 lax perturbing area velocity of wave V ' for trying to achieve top board respectivelypm1, then by the lax perturbing area velocity of wave V
‘pm1Relax the actual measurement velocity of wave V of perturbing area different depth with step S2 gained top board testing bore holes 2pm1Matched, finally tried to achieve
Top board relative relaxation thickness is 3m；Then it is 2.4m to use identical method to obtain base plate relative relaxation thickness, and leftwall is relative
Lax thickness is 1.5m, and RightWall relative relaxation thickness is 2.1m, shows obvious anisotropic character.
The present embodiment proposes the judgement to prismatical joint country rock relative relaxation, can be used as prismatical joint anisotropy country rock phase
Can be that the anchoring of prismatical joint surrounding rock of chamber and supporting provide reference frame to the quantitative target of the deciding degree that relaxes.
The present invention is also extended to before not anchoring (grouting) on the basis of country rock velocity of wave, by judging anchoring (grouting) back wall
Rock velocity of wave is relative to be increased ratio to judge country rock anchoring (grouting) effect, and institute is also identical using method of testing and principle.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method, it is characterised in that step is such as
Under：
S1, certain section part in chamber (1), are drilled with one group of wave velocity testing drilling (2), respectively on top board, base plate and two side walls
Group wave velocity testing drilling (2) is uniformly distributed, and stretches into the depth of original undisturbed rock mass not less than 2m；
S2, using cross hole method respectively to each group wave velocity testing drilling (2) carry out wave velocity testing, to drill (2) apart from wave velocity testing
Test velocity of wave statistical value in the range of the 2m of bottom is undisturbed prismatical joint basalt velocity of wave V for originalpo, wave velocity testing drilling (2)
In the range of remaining its actual measurement velocity of wave is counted according to different depth；
S3, using formula Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo)2=0.75~0.45 lax disturbance for trying to achieve top board, base plate and two side walls respectively
Area velocity of wave Vpm, then with the lax perturbing area velocity of wave VpmActual measurement velocity of wave with step S2 gained correspondence directions is matched, so that
Obtain prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation thickness.
2. prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by：Every group of wave velocity testing drilling (2) constitutes by 2 or 3 drillings being evenly arranged.
3. prismatical joint basalt surrounding rock of chamber anisotropy relative relaxation degree evaluation method according to claim 1 and 2,
It is characterized in that：Formula in step S3 is Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo)2=0.6, in formula, VpoFor prismatical joint basalt is undisturbed area
Velocity of wave, VpmIt is the lax perturbing area velocity of wave of prismatical joint basalt, KvbIt is prismatical joint basalt coefficient of relaxation.
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| CN104713492B (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2017-11-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of buried prismatical joint rock mass tunnel relaxation circle depth measurement method |
| CN105350549B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-03-22 | 河海大学 | Columnar jointed rock mass slope anchor cable supporting method |
| CN110130900A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-08-16 | 湖北公路智能养护科技股份有限公司 | A kind of anisotropy country rock non-blasting digging method |
| CN111764369B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-08-24 | 河海大学 | High dam rock mass unloading relaxation evaluation method integrating test and monitoring data mining |
| CN112483121B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-06-06 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Anti-loosening supporting method for columnar joint surrounding rock of underground cavern |
| CN112923879B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-06-21 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Method for evaluating relaxation thickness and grade of surrounding rock of cavern by utilizing sound wave speed |
| CN113031076B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for considering anisotropic influence of surrounding rock in resistivity method advanced detection |
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