CN104236471B - The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring - Google Patents
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN104236471B CN104236471B CN201410527733.0A CN201410527733A CN104236471B CN 104236471 B CN104236471 B CN 104236471B CN 201410527733 A CN201410527733 A CN 201410527733A CN 104236471 B CN104236471 B CN 104236471B
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Abstract
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring of the present invention includes vibrating guide rod (2), radiator structure (3), Y type vibrating member (4), capsul (5), balance weight body (6) and fiber grating, and support the connection pedestal (1) of whole sensor, wherein: the contact probe head (10) of vibration guide rod left end is in close contact with coke drum tower wall, radiator structure is fixed on vibration guide rod, capsul is assemblied on the fixture (11) of vibration guide rod right-hand member by screw socket, balance weight body and Y type vibrating member are positioned in capsul, first fiber grating is fixed on capsul after one end of Y type vibrating member is drawn, second fiber grating is drawn from the other end of Y type vibrating member and is fixed on capsul after prestretched.The advantages such as it is high that the present invention has response frequency, measures scope relatively big, essential safety, it can pick up waterpower decoking process mesohigh water and hit high-frequency vibration signal produced by tower wall, obtains hydraulic decoking process with this.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sensing technologies, the double FBG of the Y type of a kind of petrochemical industry coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring
Optical fibre vibration sensor.
Background technology
Coking tower is one of visual plant of delayed coking unit in petroleum refining industry, and it is used primarily in enterprise of petrochemical refining and produces
Later link, the principle of hydraulic decoking is to utilize by will from the powerful impulsive force of hydraulic coke-cutting device nozzle high-pressure water jet out
Coke cuts down, and hydraulic coke-cutting device nozzle lifts in tower and rotates, and makes the coke in tower come off, until the coke in coking tower
All till Ex-all.At present, domestic in the production process of petrochemical industry, nearly all slip by bottom observing tower by operator
Coke water turbidity in groove cuts the sound of burnt process with listening to, and judges whether the coke in coking tower removes according to working experience
Only.Workman cannot be accurately positioned change and the position of coke cutter nozzle of thickness of coke layer so that repeats to cut burnt operation frequency high, work
Make relatively inefficient, and chute and observation window is distant, affected by weather condition and sight line round the clock relatively big, such as
At heavy rain or the weather of dense fog, operator just cannot the situation of chute below accurate observation, this just causes relatively cutting burnt work
Big trouble, has influence on efficiency and the safety cutting Jiao, causes huge energy loss, increase labor strength.
In terms of hydraulic decoking process on-line monitoring, the most abroad there is employing quartz tuning-fork to measure coking tower inner high voltage water attack and beat tower wall
Produced sound judges the report of hydraulic decoking process, and this system can monitor the clean level of decoking, it is impossible to monitoring hydraulic decoking
During the change of thickness of coke layer and the position of coke cutter nozzle.In recent years, some units begin one's study on-line monitoring water both at home and abroad
The sensing measuring method of power decoking process, Wang Tao of East China University of Science et al. uses quartz crystal sensor to hydraulic decoking process
In the detection be correlated with of vibration signal.Similar senses as Luoyang JianGuang Petrochemical equipment Co., Ltd is also adopted by piezoelectric vibration
On device monitoring tower wall, coke removes state.Owing to their monitoring method mainly uses piezoeletric quartz sensor to measure tower wall vibrations letter
Number, sensor used is mainly electrical sensor, is affected with temperature by electromagnetic interference, and certainty of measurement is the highest, and sensor
Layout limited (typically below 8), be merely able to monitor from experiment effect from coke cutter nozzle water under high pressure out be to get to Jiao
On layer or beat the coking tower inwall at Ex-all coke, it is impossible to reach and really monitor the change of thickness of coke layer during hydraulic decoking
Relatively accurate location with coke cutter nozzle.In terms of technological means, it is integrated with multiclass electric equipment owing to electrical sensor is positioned over
Coking tower on, electromagnetic interference is inevitable, the higher temperature of coking tower in addition, is inevitably substantially reduced it and measures
Precision；It addition, electrical sensor to take encapsulation measure that is explosion-proof and that reduce temperature impact, cause volume big and cost is high, add
The multiplexing characteristics etc. of electrical sensor limit its cloth on tower wall and count, it is impossible to real reflection thickness of coke layer Changing Pattern with
The relatively accurate location of coke cutter nozzle.
Since Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) is used as sensing element by Morey first in 1989, optical fiber sensing technology receives
Extensively pay attention to, obtained rapid development.FBG has explosion-proof, the electromagnetism interference of essence and letter compared with traditional sensors
Number can the plurality of advantages such as long-distance transmissions.But, yet there are no the hydraulic decoking process that applied to by optical fiber raster vibration sensor so far
Monitoring, key factor is in response frequency this limitation relatively low of existing fiber vibrating sensor.
In order to improve response frequency and the job stability of optical fiber raster vibration sensor, Zhang Dongsheng etc. proposes one and vertically recommends
Formula structure sensor；Xu Gang etc. also devise a kind of novel high frequency sensors.But, both sensor response frequencies are still
(below 3000Hz, below significant response frequency 2000Hz) on the low side, it is impossible to meet hydraulic decoking monitoring the process and sensor is responded
The demand of frequency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: for the defect of above-mentioned prior art, it is provided that a kind of coking tower hydraulic decoking exists
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of Y type of line monitoring, this sensor is by solving the collection of tower wall high frequency normal direction vibration signal
In the monitoring system of coking tower hydraulic decoking, thickness of coke layer is difficult to the problem differentiated, Fibre Optical Sensor can not be by temperature, electricity simultaneously
Magnetic disturbances etc. affect, and use more safety with convenient.
The present invention solves its technical problem and uses following technical scheme:
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of Y type of the coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring that the present invention provides, including vibration guide rod,
Radiator structure, Y type vibrating member, capsul, balance weight body and fiber grating, and support the connection pedestal of whole sensor, its
In: the contact probe head of vibration guide rod left end is in close contact with coke drum tower wall, and radiator structure is fixed on vibration guide rod, capsul
Being assemblied on the fixture of vibration guide rod right-hand member by screw socket, capsul is Y type equipped with balance weight body and Y type vibrating member, balance weight body
A part for vibrating member, the first fiber grating is fixed on capsul after one end of Y type vibrating member is drawn, the second optical fiber light
Grid are drawn from the other end of Y type vibrating member and are fixed on capsul after prestretched.
Described Y type vibrating member is made up of pole and two arms arranged in fork-shaped being fixedly linked with this pole upper end, this pole
Lower end is fixed on the bottom of capsul.
Described Y type vibrating member is positioned at rear, the radiator structure position 150mm ± 5mm on vibration guide rod, and it can disappear
The compound movement transferred out except tower wall, only retains its normal vibration.
Described vibration guide rod is made up of contact probe head and stainless pipe, wherein: contact probe head is with arc, and this arc is according to tower
Wall radian processes；It is connected with stainless pipe by laser welding in the middle part of the arc of contact probe head.
If described radiator structure is made up of the circular ring metal sheet of dry tablet, these circular ring metal sheets are threadedly secured to vibration and lead
On bar.
The temperature that coke drum is passed out by described radiator structure reduces, and makes the operating temperature of described FBG optical fibre vibration sensor not
More than 100 DEG C.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring of the present invention, its response frequency and balance weight body
Quality m be inversely proportional to, be directly proportional to the vibration position vector of balance weight body.
The present invention can make the response frequency of FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the present invention by the quality of regulation balance weight body and vibration position vector
Rate brings up to 3000～5000Hz.
The present invention compared with prior art has a following technical advantage:
1.Y type vibrating member response frequency is high, measures scope relatively big, and eliminates the temperature impact on experimental result；Shaken by Y type
The design of moving part eliminates the vibration interference in other directions, only retains normal vibration, therefore, it is possible to precisely determine the change of thickness of coke layer；
2. pass through quality and the vibration position vector of Y type vibrating member of balance weight body in the double FBG Fibre Optical Sensor of adjustable Y-shaped, height can be obtained
Sensitivity and high response frequency；
3. guide rod is closely knit with coking tower wall contacts in vibration, it is simple to precisely propagating of vibration；
4. radiator structure eliminates the impact on sensor of the coking tower wall temperature；
5. the state of hydraulic decoking can be obtained by measuring fiber grating optical signalling knots modification, more convenient to operate；
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure of the double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking condition monitoring.
In figure: 1. connect pedestal；2. vibration guide rod；3. radiator structure；4.Y type vibrating member；5. capsul；6. balance weight body；
7. fiber grating；8. fiber grating；9. tail optical fiber；10. contact probe head；11. fixtures.
Detailed description of the invention
To sensor of the invention structure below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and realize principle and be described further.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of the coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring that the present invention provides (hereinafter referred to as senses
Device), its structure is as it is shown in figure 1, include connecting pedestal 1, vibration guide rod 2, radiator structure 3, Y type vibrating member 4, capsul
5, balance weight body 6, fiber grating 7, fiber grating 8, tail optical fiber 9, contact probe head 10, fixture 11 form, wherein: connect
Pedestal 1 is fixed for the installation of whole sensor, and this connection pedestal 1 will vibrate contact probe head 10 and the coke drum of guide rod 2 left end
Tower wall is in close contact.Radiator structure 3 is fixed on vibration guide rod 2.Capsul 5 is assemblied in vibration guide rod 2 right-hand member by screw socket
Fixture 11 on.Y type vibrating member 4 with balance weight body 6 is fixed on the capsul 5 of sensor, fiber grating 8 warp
The one end crossing Y type vibrating member 4 is fixed on capsul 5.Fiber grating 7 is drawn from the other end of Y type vibrating member 4, close
Fix fiber grating 7 on capsule 5, and do a certain degree of prestretched, the most each element is packaged, preparation work
Complete.
Described connection pedestal 1 is a kind of composition the chassis being sequentially connected, support, annular fixing member, wherein: chassis and ground
Being connected, annular fixing member is penetrated on vibration guide rod 2 and is fixedly linked by the flank of vibration guide rod, and support two ends are by welding
It is connected with chassis and annular firmware respectively.
Described vibration guide rod 2 is a kind of composition contact probe head 10 and stainless pipe, wherein: one end of contact probe head 10 is (left
Face) with arc, this arc processes according to tower wall radian；The other end of contact probe head 10 passes through laser welding and rustless steel
Pipe is connected, and to reduce vibration distortion in conduction, improves the precision measured.The body of rod of vibration guide rod 2 is through linker
The annular fixing member of seat 1, the fixture 11 of the right-hand member tail end of this body of rod is connected by screw socket with capsul 5.
Described radiator structure 3 is fixedly linked by the body of rod of screw thread with vibration guide rod 2.If this radiator structure 3 is by the circle of dry tablet
Annular sheet metal forms, and these circular ring metal sheets are threadedly secured to vibrate on guide rod.
Balance weight body 6 and Y type vibrating member 4 it is provided with in described capsul 5.
Described Y type vibrating member 4 is made up of pole and two arms arranged in fork-shaped being fixedly linked with this pole upper end, this pole
Lower end be fixed on the bottom of capsul 5.
Described balance weight body 6 is a part for Y type vibrating member 4, and two arms of Y type vibrating member 4 increase fiber grating forced vibration
Time brachium, enhance transducer sensitivity, but response frequency reduce therewith, reduced the weight of Y type vibrating member 4 by balance weight body
The heart is to strengthen its response frequency, thus reaches the high-technology index that sensor response frequency is high, highly sensitive.
Described fiber grating includes fiber grating 7 and fiber grating 8, wherein: fiber grating 7 is from one of Y type vibrating member 4
After the termination of arm is drawn, its lower end is fixed on capsul 5, and does a certain degree of prestretched.Fiber grating 8 is through Y type
After the termination of another arm of vibrating member 4 is drawn, its underpart is fixed on capsul 5, and its tail optical fiber 9 passes the end of capsul 5
Portion.This tail optical fiber 9 is by being connected with demodulating system by extraneous rosette.
The present invention is theoretical according to Elasticity and Fibre Optical Sensor, devises the double FBG fiber-optic vibration of a kind of Y type as shown in Figure 1
Sensor, carries out the dexterous design in structure and structural material and the selection of grating length, according to model of vibration to this sensor
Derive the frequency of vibration of optical fiber raster vibration sensor, amplitude and 2 fixing length of optical fiber, the quality of balance weight body, Y type
The relations such as the tension force of the angle of sensitivity compensation structure and size and optical fiber, it is achieved dither and highly sensitive double preferably select,
Owing to the nature of sensor is closely related with the elastic modelling quantity of the quality of oscillator and elastic construction.Along with the vibration of balance weight body 6,
The wavelength of fiber grating 7 and fiber grating 8 drifts about therewith, and intensity of reflected light changes along with the change of optical grating reflection wavelength difference,
The most linear and consistent with object vibration Changing Pattern.After balance weight body 6 is fixing, it is possible to eliminate vibration
The vibration of guide rod vertical direction, retains by the dither of normal direction produced by high-speed water jet impact tower wall.Along with balance weight body 6
Swing in horizontal direction, optic fiber grating wavelength drifts about, and intensity of reflected light changes along with the change of wave length shift, at certain model
Enclose interior linear, and consistent with the vibration regularity of furnace wall.
The principle of present invention work is: above contact, at height with the vibration guide rod 2 of arc contact probe head is closely knit with coking tower wall
Under pressure water jet impact, coking tower wall produces local vibration, and the vibration signal of coking tower will act on optical fiber light by vibration guide rod
Grid, thus change the optical signalling that fiber grating high frequency vibration transducer reflects, judge by measuring the knots modification of this signal
The state of hydraulic decoking.
Claims (8)
1. the double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of a coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring, it is characterised in that include shaking
Dynamic guide rod (2), radiator structure (3), Y type vibrating member (4), capsul (5), balance weight body (6) and fiber grating,
And supporting the connection pedestal (1) of whole sensor, wherein: the contact probe head (10) of vibration guide rod (2) left end is with burnt
Charcoal tower tower wall is in close contact, and radiator structure (3) is fixed in vibration guide rod (2), and capsul (5) is assembled by screw socket
Vibration guide rod (2) right-hand member fixture (11) on, capsul (5) equipped with balance weight body (6) and Y type vibrating member (4),
Balance weight body (6) is a part of Y type vibrating member (4), and the first fiber grating (8) is through Y's type vibrating member (4)
One end is fixed on capsul (5) after drawing, and the second fiber grating (7) is drawn from the other end of Y type vibrating member (4)
Be fixed on after prestretched on capsul (5).
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described Y type vibrating member (4) by pole and with this pole upper end be fixedly linked in fork-shaped arrange two
Arm forms, and the lower end of this pole is fixed on the bottom of capsul (5).
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that radiator structure (3) rear, position that described Y type vibrating member (4) is positioned in vibration guide rod (2)
At 150mm ± 5mm, it can eliminate the compound movement that tower wall transfers out, and only retains its normal vibration.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described vibration guide rod (2) is made up of, wherein contact probe head (10) and stainless pipe: contact probe head (10)
With arc, this arc processes according to tower wall radian；In the middle part of the arc of contact probe head (10) by laser welding with
Stainless pipe is connected.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described radiator structure (3) if being made up of the circular ring metal sheet of dry tablet, these circular ring metal sheets pass through spiral shell
Stricture of vagina is fixed on vibration guide rod.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that the temperature that coke drum is passed out by described radiator structure (3) reduces, make described FBG optical fiber vibration sensing
The operating temperature of device is less than 100 DEG C.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the response frequency of this FBG optical fibre vibration sensor is inversely proportional to quality m of balance weight body (6), and join
The vibration position vector of weight body is directly proportional.
The double FBG optical fibre vibration sensor of the Y type of coking tower hydraulic decoking on-line monitoring the most according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that: by quality and the vibration position vector of regulation balance weight body (6), make the sound of described FBG optical fibre vibration sensor
Frequency is answered to bring up to 3000～5000Hz.
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