CN104234705A - Shock absorption and noise reduction structure for sonic logging tool - Google Patents
Shock absorption and noise reduction structure for sonic logging tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN104234705A CN104234705A CN201310233245.4A CN201310233245A CN104234705A CN 104234705 A CN104234705 A CN 104234705A CN 201310233245 A CN201310233245 A CN 201310233245A CN 104234705 A CN104234705 A CN 104234705A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shock absorption and noise reduction structure for a sonic logging tool, in particular to the shock absorption and noise reduction structure for the sonic logging tool. The sonic logging tool is provided with a shell. The shell is provided with one or more sound insulation grooves and a receiver acoustic window. The sound insulation grooves are used for attenuating direct waves. The receiver acoustic window is used for receiving sound. A rubber layer wraps the sonic logging tool and used for reducing and attenuating friction noise. The rubber layer has different shapes and sizes according to the different sound insulation grooves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure for acoustic logging instrument.
Background technology
In exploration of oil and gas field and development process, acoustic logging is one of important means obtaining geologic information.In straight well well logging, under testing the speed by regulation and adding centralizer condition, the sound wave curve factor of merit can reach more than 90%.But, along with In Oil Field Exploration And Development deeply and the continuous progress of drilling technology, high angle hole and the horizontal well ratio shared by home in most oil field increases gradually, and the horizontal well proportion in some oil field reaches more than 70%.
With straight well log facies ratio, horizontal wellbore logging task difficulty is much bigger, and the factor affecting log quality is more complicated.In horizontal well, due to Action of Gravity Field, logger string againsts well lower wall and logs well, and it cannot meet instrument string requirement placed in the middle.This logging mode is serious on the natural potential in conventional nine logs, density, neutron, the impact of microballoon, particularly sound wave curve, the curve factor of merit reduces greatly (conventional nine refer to nine logs necessary in tradition well logging: sound wave, density, neutron, microballoon, dark, shallow resistivity, gamma, hole diameter, natural potential.）。The log statistic of attribute table that table 1 provides for certain Nian Shuoxie center, oil field 2011.In table 1, the factor of merit of sound wave is very low, only has 16%.
Table 1 certain oil field Logging Curves statistic of attribute table in 2011
。
Table 2 is for affect interval transit time curve (AC) factor statistical form.Statistics shows, abnormal spike is the principal element affecting sound wave curve quality.The form of this interval transit time curve as shown in Figure 1.Such sound wave curve can not reflect true formation information.
Table 2 affects interval transit time curve (AC) factor statistical form
。
In above 58 mouthfuls of open hole wells, gradient more than 30 degree have 46 mouthfuls, account for 79%.The serious curve of signal disturbing is all in these horizontal wells or high angle hole.Analyze the well logging firsthand information of these wells, primary study well gradient, borehole wall roughness, Spiral borehole, suddenly expanding, unexpected undergauge, borehole collapse and lithology affect acoustic waveform, analyze noise source, find that interference performance in horizontal well and high angle hole is obvious.Reason is instrument when surveying horizontal well or high angle hole, and Action of Gravity Field causes instrument to depart from center thus the sound insulation groove structure of the friction borehole wall, particularly sound wave sonic system and coarse wall friction, consequent noise and vibration effect maximum.Fig. 2 indicates noise jamming phenomenon and Producing reason, therefrom can find out the impact of well radius variations on baseline noise.The performance of noise jamming on acoustic waveform as shown in Figure 3.Wherein sonic system refers on acoustic logging instrument, the combination of underground survey record is made up of often several receiving transducers of a transmitting transducer and (spacing) with it in a distance launching acoustic signals, be called in acoustic logging " sonic system ", i.e. acoustic measurement system.
By the analysis to a large amount of historical measurement data, at some block, in 10 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells as in October, 2011 A font size, nearly all deviation curve all cannot reflect stratum real features because of interference.In some firm hard formation (granite, dolomite, limestone), when the gradient of well very little (10 ~ 30 degree), when normally testing the speed, the interference of (10m/min) deviation curve is still very serious; Minority horizontal well can record the sound wave curve of high-quality, and baseline noise interference is very little, and this is that its geologic feature determines, the lithology of this kind of well mostly is fine sand or siltstone, and the baseline interference that mudstone stratum produces is also very little.The baseline noise interference of most of horizontal well is very serious.
By these log datas of playback, find acoustic waveform serious interference in these High angle or horizontal well, it is many that waveform interference shows as hop (abnormal spike) on deviation curve.This interference is full-time territory in acoustic waveform, and the interference signal amplitude be superimposed upon in baseline and the wave train is very large, often exceeds the first peak-to-peak amplitude of useful signal, and frequency is suitable with acoustic signals, cannot eliminate this interference by means of filtering.This not only causes Mintrop wave method and lost efficacy, and has also had a strong impact on the result of calculation of all-wave STC method.This problem is that nearly all active service acoustic logging instrument all will face, the solution that there is no so far.And the acoustic logging instrument used now, in high angle hole or horizontal wellbore logging process, all there is noise jamming problem, and very serious.
Summary of the invention
By analyzing noise source, and the summary in logging practice, devise a kind of shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure, significantly can alleviate noise jamming.
No matter be acoustic logging instrument that is domestic or that introduce, because of the reason of its sonic system structure, in horizontal wellbore logging process, all there is noise jamming problem.By analyzing noise source, and the summary in logging practice, can design specially for the acoustic wave apparatus of horizontal wellbore logging, by adding noise abatement rubber ring, or change tradition sound insulation groove sonic system structure, to alleviate or to eliminate the friction of instrument and the borehole wall, the noise jamming problem of acoustic logging fundamentally can be solved.
Above-mentioned shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure can be used on most existing instruments, and construction technology is simple, and cost is lower, the friction noise of remarkable reduction due to the irregular generation of the borehole wall or the impact noise of instrument rotary oscillation generation, improve signal quality, improve logging accuracy, economic interests are remarkable.
In order to realize object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure for acoustic logging instrument, it is characterized in that: acoustic logging instrument has shell, there is one or more sound insulation groove and receiver sound windows on the housing, wherein said sound insulation groove is for direct wave of decaying, described receiver sound window is for receiving sound, have rubber layer for minimizing and decay friction noise in the outer wrap of acoustic logging instrument, described rubber layer has different shape and size according to different sound insulation grooves.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal direction that described receiver sound windows along acoustic logging instrument extends, described sound insulation groove is in the circumferentially distribution of the shell of acoustic logging instrument, described sound insulation groove is A type sound insulation groove and Type B sound insulation groove, wherein the length of A type sound insulation groove is greater than the length of Type B sound insulation groove, and the rubber layer length of parcel A type sound insulation groove is greater than the rubber layer length of parcel Type B sound insulation groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, rubber layer segmentation or be integrally cast in sonic system structure, or, rubber layer segmentation or integrally tie up or semi-ring be clamped in sound insulation groove on, will the part of parcel be needed to encase completely, or, rubber layer has engraved structure, thus other portion envelops of acoustic logging instrument, expose receiver sound window.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, be provided with location fluting on the housing, described rubber layer inside correspondingly has projection, the shape complementarity that this projection is slotted with location, the projection of described rubber layer can be inserted in the fluting of location, thus secure the above rubber layer, or, on the housing there is locator protrusions, described rubber layer inside correspondingly has the indenture for locating, the shape complementarity of this locator protrusions and indenture, described locator protrusions closely engages with the indenture of described rubber layer, thus secure the above rubber layer, or, there is paired locator protrusions on the housing, described rubber layer is limited in paired locator protrusions.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inwall of described rubber layer has one or more protuberance, this protuberance size is in a circumferential direction less than sound insulation groove length in a circumferential direction, be greater than receiver sound window width in a circumferential direction, thus if described rubber layer is slided, one or more protuberance that has on the inwall of so described rubber layer insulates against sound in groove because its radially inner tensile force can embed in sliding process, and can not embed in receiver sound window.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, around described sound insulation groove, be enclosed with the topping of one deck not easily plastic deformation.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described rubber layer is C type rubber tube, and it is directly enclosed within acoustic logging instrument outside and uses, and arranges the size of C type rubber tube according to the external diameter of acoustic logging instrument.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it has metal half-rings, and described metal half-rings wales rubber layer, and then by bolt, screw, adhesive means, metal half-rings is buckled securely.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the external diameter of sound insulation slot part is less than the external diameter of receiver sound window part, make to form step in the interface of sound insulation slot part and receiver sound window part, described rubber layer is limited by this step, make it not easily slide on the outer wall of acoustic logging instrument, and the external diameter of described rubber layer is more than or equal to the external diameter of receiver sound window part.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at instrument two ends or the position between instrument, wear-resisting steel loop or roller are installed.
Thered is provided description is provided and more obviously will sees the more suitable application area of the present invention.Should be appreciated that the description of this part and specific examples only for illustration of, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by preferred embodiment provided herein, the present invention can be understood better.Accompanying drawing provided herein just in order to illustration purpose, and can not limit the scope of the invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the how defective interval transit time curve of hop.
Fig. 2 indicates noise jamming phenomenon and Producing reason.
Fig. 3 is the performance of noise jamming on acoustic waveform.
Fig. 4 is tool housing.
Fig. 5 is that cast-type shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure is wrapped on tool housing.
Fig. 6 is tool housing and shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure section.
Fig. 7 is the exploded view of bundling type damping noise reduction sonic system.
Fig. 8 is the assembly figure of bundling type damping noise reduction sonic system.
Fig. 9 and 10 is the resolution charts installing the same well section of same well before and after shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure, can find out successful from Mintrop wave method curve D T, then TT, variable density VDL.
Detailed description of the invention
More fully embodiments of the invention are described now with reference to accompanying drawing.Following description is only exemplary in essence, does not limit the present invention and application thereof or use.
Now by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described further.With reference to figure 4, it is tool housing.Therefrom can find out the sonic system external diameter of Conventional sound instrument and the measure-alike of Other Instruments, the sound insulation groove of its file shape is decay direct wave and designing, and in horizontal wellbore logging, itself and wall friction are the main sources producing noise.Here direct wave refers to the sound wave that transmitting transducer is launched, and is directly communicated to receiver and the acoustic signals produced along sonic system housing.When acoustic logging instrument manufactures, require that this direct wave is the smaller the better, the longer the better in time delay.
With reference to figure 5, in order to reduce noise source, devise a kind of can the sonic system structure of damping noise reduction, the outer wrap of this sonic system has rubber layer, and this rubber layer can reduce and decay friction noise.Fig. 6 shows tool housing and shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure section.Rubber layer can adopt mould to record shaping-cast-type.Rubber layer segmentation or integrated poured in sonic system structure.Rubber layer can be integral barrel shape, and it encases completely by needing the position of parcel.Rubber layer can have different shape and size according to the difference of sound insulation flute profile formula, size.As shown in Figure 5, illustrated therein is A type and Type B sonic system sound insulation groove, the length of A type sonic system sound insulation groove is greater than the length of Type B sonic system sound insulation groove.The rubber layer length of parcel A type sonic system sound insulation groove is greater than the rubber layer length of parcel Type B sonic system sound insulation groove.Sonic system structure has receiver sound window, and this receiver sound window is the opening on the wall of sonic system structure.The longitudinal direction (i.e. the longitudinal axis direction of sonic system structure) that receiver sound windows along sonic system structure extends.Sonic system structure also has multi-form sonic system sound insulation groove, and this sonic system sound insulation groove is along the circumferential direction arranged on the wall of sonic system structure, namely vertical with the longitudinal axis direction of sonic system structure at sectional drawing sonic system sound insulation groove bearing of trend.
In well logging, sound insulation groove is for direct wave of decaying, and receiver sound window is for receiving sound.Therefore, in well logging, need receiver sound window is exposed to the external world and receives sound.Sound insulation groove for direct wave of decaying can wrap up in outside, but preferably keeps sound insulation groove itself not get clogged better to drip decay direct wave.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure rubber layer can not in well logging due to the reasons such as friction, collision sonic system structural outer slide thus block receiver sound window, sonic system structure is provided with location fluting, rubber layer inside correspondingly has projection, the shape complementarity that this projection is slotted with location, rubber layer projection can be inserted in the fluting of location, thus fixes rubber layer.Another preferred embodiment in, sonic system structure can have locator protrusions at its outer wall, and rubber layer inside correspondingly has the indenture for locating, this locator protrusions and indenture shape complementarity, locator protrusions closely can engage with rubber layer indenture, thus fixes rubber layer.Another preferred embodiment in, sonic system structure can have paired locator protrusions at its outer wall, and the form trait of rubber layer is constant, is limited in paired locator protrusions by rubber layer by the locator protrusions of segmentation.
Another preferred embodiment in, rubber layer inwall can have one or more protuberance, this protuberance size is in a circumferential direction less than the length that sonic system sound insulation groove extends in a circumferential direction, but be greater than receiver sound window width in a circumferential direction, if thus make in well logging, due to friction, reasons such as collision and rubber layer is slided, protuberance so on rubber layer inwall insulates against sound in groove because its radially inner tensile force can embed sonic system in slipping, and can not embed in receiver sound window, so just ensure that rubber layer is wrapped on sonic system sound insulation groove to a certain extent, and can not be wrapped on receiver sound window.Even if there is slippage, rubber layer also can stop on sonic system insulates against sound groove, only can block sub-fraction sonic system sound insulation groove, and can not have a strong impact on well logging result.
Another preferred embodiment in, rubber layer covers the entire length of sonic system structure or most of length.Its two ends in sonic system structure or middle optional position are fixed by above-mentioned locate mode.Rubber layer has engraved structure, thus the part of receiver sound window is exposed.That is, other portion envelops of sonic system by rubber layer, expose receiver sound window.
Another preferred embodiment in, rubber layer is segmentation, and it is at each sonic system sound insulation groove and need the position of parcel is wrapped up.Preferably, detent mechanism as above can be set at the two ends of each receiver sound window, prevent rubber layer from covering receiver sound window.In the embodiment substituted, rubber layer is fixed by bonding, screw, keeper, interference fit etc. means.
Another preferred embodiment in, except by except detent mechanism fixing for rubber layer, in order to prevent rubber layer in well logging due to reasons such as friction, collisions, rubber is squeezed in the opening of sonic system sound insulation groove, thus affects sonic system and to insulate against sound the effect of groove.Around sonic system insulates against sound groove, first can wrap up the topping of one deck not easily plastic deformation, as the topping be made up of foil, prevent rubber to be squeezed in opening thus.This topping can utilize above-mentioned fixed form to be fixed.
Another preferred embodiment in, other modes can be utilized to be arranged on by rubber layer in sonic system structure, be such as set with tie up or semi-ring be clamped in sonic system sound insulation groove external diameter on-bundling type.Rubber layer segmentation or entirety are banded in sonic system structure.
Tool housing and shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure section with reference to figure 7, Fig. 7.Its external diameter is outer through identical with the Other Instruments in instrument string, and the upper and lower joint dimension of sonic system is identical with large instrument of going here and there, and is convenient to connect.As shown in Figure 7, rubber layer is wherein C type rubber tube, and it directly can be enclosed within sonic system structural outer and use.The size of C type rubber tube can be set according to the diameter of the cylindrical wall of sonic system structure, such as, can adjust the size of the C type opening of C type rubber tube, thus make it can adapt to the sonic system structure of various sizes.
Another preferred embodiment in, in order to locate C type rubber tube securely, provide metal half-rings, this metal half-rings can wale rubber layer, and then by bolt, screw, bonding etc. means, metal half-rings is buckled securely.C type rubber tube can have recess at certain intervals, and this recess is used for making metal half-rings button thereon.By metal half-rings being buckled in the recess of C type rubber tube, can be firmly fixed.Because rubber has elasticity and easily deformable, so C type rubber tube can not have recess yet, metal half-rings can be buckled on C type rubber tube equally.
Another preferred embodiment in, the rubber layer of the integral barrel shape in above-mentioned example also can applications metal half-rings again.
Another preferred embodiment in, in order to make rubber layer more snugly be wrapped in sonic system structure, can design and make the diameter of sonic system structure outer wall not identical.The outer diameter of the sound insulation slot part of such as sonic system structure can be less than the outer diameter of the receiver sound window part of sonic system structure, makes to form step in the interface of sound insulation slot part and receiver sound window part.Such rubber layer can be limited by this step, makes it not easily at the outer slip at wall of sonic system structure.And after the slot part parcel rubber layer that insulates against sound, the diameter of its rubber layer outer wall will be greater than the outer diameter of (at least equaling) receiver sound window part, can protect receiver sound window so in well logging better, thus realize damping noise reduction object.
Preferably, at instrument two ends, wear-resisting steel loop or roller can be installed, thus reduce the wearing and tearing of rubber layer.Equally, also the position between instrument can be installed by wear-resisting steel loop or roller.Preferably, rubber layer material can use high wear-resistant rubber, also alternatively can use and have flexible resin material, macromolecular material, polymeric material etc.
In addition, for cleaning and weight reduction need, on rubber sleeve, corresponding sonic system sound insulation groove location hole can be got through.Further, for reducing friction noise further, chamfering can be carried out in transmitting and receiving window part.
Describing the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiment above, obviously, when not departing from the scope of the invention defined in claims, can carry out changing and changing.More specifically, although aspects more of the present invention are confirmed as preferred or favourable in this article, the present invention need not be limited to these preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1., for a shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure for acoustic logging instrument, it is characterized in that:
Acoustic logging instrument has shell, has one or more sound insulation grooves and receiver sound window on the housing, wherein said sound insulation groove for direct wave of decaying, described receiver sound window for receiving sound,
Have rubber layer for minimizing and decay friction noise in the outer wrap of acoustic logging instrument, described rubber layer has different shape and size according to different sound insulation grooves.
2. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the longitudinal direction that described receiver sound windows along acoustic logging instrument extends, described sound insulation groove is in the circumferentially distribution of the shell of acoustic logging instrument, described sound insulation groove is A type sound insulation groove and Type B sound insulation groove, wherein the length of A type sound insulation groove is greater than the length of Type B sound insulation groove, and the rubber layer length of parcel A type sound insulation groove is greater than the rubber layer length of parcel Type B sound insulation groove.
3. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, rubber layer segmentation or be integrally cast in sonic system structure, or, rubber layer segmentation or integrally tie up or semi-ring be clamped in sound insulation groove on, with will need parcel part encase completely, or, rubber layer has engraved structure, thus other portion envelops of acoustic logging instrument, expose receiver sound window.
4. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with location fluting on the housing, described rubber layer inside correspondingly has projection, the shape complementarity that this projection is slotted with location, the projection of described rubber layer can be inserted in the fluting of location, thus secure the above rubber layer, or, on the housing there is locator protrusions, described rubber layer inside correspondingly has the indenture for locating, the shape complementarity of this locator protrusions and indenture, described locator protrusions closely engages with the indenture of described rubber layer, thus secure the above rubber layer, or, there is paired locator protrusions on the housing, described rubber layer is limited in paired locator protrusions.
5. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inwall of described rubber layer has one or more protuberance, this protuberance size is in a circumferential direction less than sound insulation groove length in a circumferential direction, be greater than receiver sound window width in a circumferential direction, thus if described rubber layer is slided, one or more protuberance that has on the inwall of so described rubber layer insulates against sound in groove because its radially inner tensile force can embed in sliding process, and can not embed in receiver sound window.
6. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is enclosed with the topping of one deck not easily plastic deformation around described sound insulation groove.
7. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rubber layer is C type rubber tube, and it is directly enclosed within acoustic logging instrument outside and uses, and arranges the size of C type rubber tube according to the external diameter of acoustic logging instrument.
8. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it has metal half-rings, and described metal half-rings wales rubber layer, and then by bolt, screw, adhesive means, metal half-rings is buckled securely.
9. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the external diameter of sound insulation slot part is less than the external diameter of receiver sound window part, make to form step in the interface of sound insulation slot part and receiver sound window part, described rubber layer is limited by this step, make it not easily slide on the outer wall of acoustic logging instrument, and the external diameter of described rubber layer is more than or equal to the external diameter of receiver sound window part.
10. shock-reducing and noise-reducing structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, installs wear-resisting steel loop or roller at instrument two ends or the position between instrument.
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| CN104234705B (en) | 2019-11-29 |
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