CN104233127A - Homogenization process applied in actual production of large-sized 7-series superhard aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Homogenization process applied in actual production of large-sized 7-series superhard aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a homogenization process applied in actual production of a large-sized 7-series superhard aluminum alloy, and the homogenization process solves the problem that the structure of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy and especially the structure of an alloy formed by adding microelements or an alterant into the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy contain a plurality of more complicated second phases. A large-sized ingot casting is produced by virtue of a continuous casting method, wherein the alloy ingot has well-developed dendritic crystals, so that multiple compositions with low melting points exist among net cells of the dendritic crystals. The homogenization process has the characteristic that the full exertion of potential excellent performance of the large-sized 7-series superhard aluminum alloy is facilitated, and ensures that a homogenization rule is formulated according to an evolvement rule of low-temperature phases in a heat treatment process, i.e., the two-stage homogenized heat treatment with combination of'low-temperature homogenization' and'high-temperature homogenization is adopted. The homogenization process comprises the following steps: firstly carrying out heat preservation on an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy casting blank under a condition of 460 DEG C to 470 DEG C for 6 to 12 hours, slowly rising a furnace temperature to 480 DEG C to 490 DEG C, then carrying out heat preservation at the temperature of 480 DEG C to 490 DEG C for 4 to 12 hours, and carrying out air cooling to a room temperature. According to the homogenization process provided by the invention, the problem that the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy cannot be completely homogenized is solved, the homogenization time of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is shortened, and the consumed energy during the heat treatment is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of homogenizing thermal treatment new system being applicable to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, particularly for the alloy of the various tissue complexity of some compositions developed on Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy basis and a kind of new homogenizing heat treating regime proposed, obtain homogenizing as-cast structure completely by this system, thus improve alloy processing characteristics and improve alloy Post isothermal treatment strengthening effect.
Background technology
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy belongs to ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy, has good over-all properties, is a kind of light-weight metal structured material being widely used in the engineering fields such as aerospace, automobile making and sophisticated and futuristic weapons system.But research also finds, this series alloys interalloy constituent content is higher, easy generation dendritic segregation, strand is not molten many mutually, this As-cast Microstructure, strong internal stress and crackle tendency can not only be produced in strand, also can cause detrimentally affect to later stage aluminium alloy viscous deformation, also can affect alloy heat treatment reinforcement effect.So, the ununiformity of chemical composition and tissue must be eliminated or reduce to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system alloy by Homogenization Treatments, eliminate or reduce ingot casting and solidifying and the internal stress that formed in process of cooling, improve the thermoplasticity of ingot casting, make low melting point second-phase fully dissolve, for later stage fixation rates is ready simultaneously.
Patent 201010034149.3 discloses a kind of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr-RE Alloy And Preparation Method that can be used as super High Strength Cast Aluminum Alloy and use, in that patent in order to obtain excellent obdurability, alloy has carried out long-time alternating temperature homogenizing and Intensive intervention ageing treatment, wherein Homogenization Process divides two stages, 48h, first stage holding temperature is 450 ~ 460 DEG C, insulation 20 ~ 40h, subordinate phase holding temperature is 455 ~ 465 DEG C, soaking time 4 ~ 8h.But this Homogenization Treatment time is oversize, energy consumption is comparatively large, and organizes after not presenting homogenizing in the patent, and how not known uniformization effect is on earth.By investigating and in conjunction with specific experiment, finding that homogenizing heat treatment disclosed in above-mentioned patent can not make this be that alloy homogenizing is complete.Patent 201010556639.X discloses a kind of homogenising treatment method for the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy strengthening of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system, the method principle is when the melt of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy carries out permanent mold casting, in castingprocesses after the temperature of alloy drops to the Homogenization Treatments temperature of below solidus temperature, alloy is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace be incubated, then take out air cooling.This invention will be cast and heat treatment process organically combines, and effectively solve and will control the improper problem brought because reheating with heating rate, and reduce a certain amount of energy consumption.Wherein adopt Homogenization Treatments temperature to be 450 ~ 470 DEG C, the time of insulation is 10 ~ 36h, does not also provide metallograph after Homogenization Treatments equally in this patent.Whether homogenizing is complete, and metallograph can be very clear, and just most is convincing to provide metallograph.
Consult lot of domestic and international patent and paper, find large quantity research have been carried out for the Homogenization Treatments of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy both at home and abroad, and successively have developed single-stage, twin-stage or multistage different Homogenization Treatments technique, but Homogenization Treatment temperature specified by them is all less than or equal to 470 DEG C, and the time all very long (how long in 24h), but find all there is a kind of phenomenon by their research, no matter be exactly by after that Homogenization Treatment process, uniformization effect is all incomplete, still the second-phase of low melting point is had to exist, as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy metallograph before and after common Homogenization Treatment process.Wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy metallograph after 470 DEG C of insulation 24h; Fig. 1 (b) is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy metallograph after 470 DEG C of insulation 48h.As can be seen from Figure 1, the common Homogenization Treatment treatment time is very long, also there is many non-melt-phases after Homogenization Treatments, and when time oversize (if Fig. 1 (b) homogenization time is 48 hours) grain-size also increases to some extent, obviously this can affect the performance of this series alloy, illustrates that optimizing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy Homogenization Treatment is further necessary.A kind of homogenization heat treatment method of nearest 201210287347.X patent application, but the technique that this patent application is formulated is three grades of homogenizing, and the time is very long, and nearly 50 hours of cumulative time, time consumption and energy consumption in actual applications, deals with very inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to realize that a kind of technique of the present invention solves the incomplete problem of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy homogenizing for the homogenization process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, and there is the features such as simple, less energy-consumption, high-level efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme.
For the homogenization process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, this homogenization process has following steps:
(1), to the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy that 77 series extra super duralumin alloys use carry out semicontinuous casting, prepare diameter and be greater than the round ingot casting of more than 200mm or justify semi-solid state ingot casting is this homogenization process homogenizing thermal treatment blank as blank;
(2), technique is heat-treated to blank prepared by step (1); This thermal treatment process has following operation: using 460 ~ 470 DEG C as first step homogenization temperature, first furnace temperature is raised to 460 ~ 470 DEG C, after stable etc. furnace temperature, then blank prepared by step (1) is put in heat treatment furnace, be incubated 6 ~ 12 hours, carry out first step homogenizing; Using 480 ~ 490 DEG C as second stage homogenization temperature, then furnace temperature is raised to 480 ~ 490 DEG C by 460 ~ 470 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, under this temperature condition, is incubated 4 ~ 12 hours, carries out second stage homogenizing; After two-step homogenization, air cooling is to room temperature.
In described step (1), the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy used, this alloying constituent is by weight percentage, this alloying constituent is: Zn5.0 ~ 8.0wt%, Mg1.5 ~ 3.5wt%, Cu1.2 ~ 2.6wt%, and add the Al-5Ti-1B fining agent of 0.2wt%, remaining is Al.
Find in the heat treated research of relevant Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy homogenizing, along with the carrying out of Homogenization Process, alloy can produce new phase, there are some researches show that this cenotype is S-phase (Al
2cuMg).After Fig. 2 represents the different non-uniform time process of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy 460 DEG C, low temperature endotherm(ic)peak changes schematic diagram.As can be seen from this Fig. 2, along with the carrying out of Homogenization Process, first low temperature heat absorption small peak fades away, the generation of simultaneous second low temperature heat absorption small peak.Author of the present invention, according to the Changing Pattern of low temperature heat absorption small peak, has made a kind of new Homogenization Treatment: first temperature (T corresponding to first low temperature heat absorption small peak starting point
1) 5 ~ 15 DEG C below, and be incubated 6 ~ 12 hours, at this moment first low temperature heat absorption small peak disappears, and also just corresponds to the second-phase that in alloy, fusing point is minimum and dissolves completely; And then temperature is raised to temperature (T corresponding to second low temperature heat absorption small peak starting point
2) 5 ~ 15 DEG C below, and be incubated 4 ~ 12 hours; Last air cooling is to room temperature.
Collect and consult Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy as cast condition DSC curve, finding that low melting point phase endotherm(ic)peak only has one, namely in the present invention, said first low temperature absorbs heat, and (temperature corresponding to starting point is T to small peak
1), according to homogenization temperature formulating rules, burning can be there is carrying out homogenizing thermal treatment higher than this endotherm(ic)peak corresponding temperature, so can not surely higher than this temperature, but according to mentality of designing of the present invention, second stage homogenization temperature is higher than temperature corresponding to first low temperature heat absorption small peak starting point, so define the second stage in the present invention evenly turn to high-temperature homogenization.The homogenizing heat treating regime schematic diagram that the present invention formulates as shown in Figure 3.
Select in described step (2) during the homogenization temperature of the second stage and first will measure the fusing point that new low melting point phase separated out by alloy in heat treatment process, i.e. temperature corresponding to second low temperature heat absorption small peak starting point, below the fusing point of this low melting point phase, 5 ~ 10 DEG C is second stage homogenization temperature that is 480 ~ 490 DEG C.
Present invention contemplates heat treated operability, time, energy consumption etc., and instruct with theory, formulate a kind of new homogenizing heat treatment, compared with the homogenization heat treatment method of 201210287347.X patent application, be mainly that first step homogenization time shortens.By literature survey and experiment, applicant finds that the first step is mainly in order to dissolve low melting point phase, and just substantially can make minimum fusing point phased soln by the first step temperature and time that the present invention formulates, and the time extends the transformation not impact on second-phase again, a large amount of energy consumption can only be increased.Moreover, 201210287347.X the third stage temperature that patent application is formulated is higher, higher than second-phase melting temperature, bad control, easy burning, but reach homogenizing effect completely by Homogenization Treatment of the present invention already without third stage homogenizing, can third stage Homogenization Treatments be carried out.So consider from technology establishment angle, the features such as the present invention has simply, less energy-consumption, high-level efficiency, not only can be applied to laboratory, also can carry out being generalized in actual production.
Further, the present invention emphasizes that starting material are large gauge 7 are ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy, and be the homogenization process that can be applied in actual production, instead of only test at use for laboratory small sample.And existing Patents does not relate to the impact of size, obviously, along with the augmenting tissue ununiformity of cast ingot dimension is poorer, non-equilibrium microstructure is more obvious, and effect is also more difficult completely to want to reach homogenizing, and therefore the present invention has stronger actual application value.The present invention, according to existing research, proposes a kind of new homogenizing heat treating regime.After the system proposed by the present invention carries out homogenizing thermal treatment, alloy structure there is no and finds non-equilibrium second-phase, Homogenization Process is very thorough, this will farthest improve the thermoplasticity of alloy and improve alloying element solid solubility in the base, and the treatment time shortens a lot, and energy consumption is significantly lowered.Integrate, the present invention have uniformization effect obviously, low cost less energy-consumption, high-level efficiency, the advantage such as easy to operate, certain novelty and creativeness is shown in the preparation process of technique, the most important thing is that this goal of the invention is to provide a kind of for the homogenizing novel process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, thus improve this series alloy processing characteristics and use properties further, widen the investigation and application field that this is alloy, there is good practicality.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention is according to low-temperature phase development law and make Homogenization Treatment in heat treatment process, that is: " low temperature homogenizing+high-temperature homogenization " two-step homogenization thermal treatment is adopted, efficiently solve the incomplete problem of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy homogenizing, also shorten homogenization time, save thermal treatment institute consumed energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy metallograph before and after common Homogenization Treatment process;
Low temperature endotherm(ic)peak change schematic diagram after the different non-uniform time process of Fig. 2 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy 460 DEG C;
Fig. 3 is the homogenizing heat treating regime schematic diagram that the present invention formulates;
After Fig. 4 is through Homogenization Treatment process of the present invention, the metallographic structure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy contrasts;
Fig. 5 is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy scanned photograph contrast before and after Homogenization Treatment process of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy DSC curve after different Homogenization Treatment process.
Embodiment
The present invention's material used is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series alloy ingot casting, also comprise and add trace element or alterant thus have the alloy of complex organization, and by casting the alloy pig of the various size prepared continuously, goal of the invention formulates a kind of homogenizing thermal treatment new system being applicable to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.Below by way of specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention and effect are further described:
Embodiment 1:
Described Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy ingot casting carries out two-step homogenization process, first under 460 DEG C of conditions, is incubated 6h, then temperature is raised to 480 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, and insulation 12h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 2:
Described Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy ingot casting carries out two-step homogenization process, first under 460 DEG C of conditions, is incubated 10h, then temperature is raised to 490 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, and insulation 6h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 3:
Described Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy ingot casting carries out two-step homogenization process, first under 470 DEG C of conditions, is incubated 12h, then temperature is raised to 480 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, and insulation 8h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 4:
Described Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy ingot casting carries out two-step homogenization process, first under 470 DEG C of conditions, is incubated 8h, then temperature is raised to 490 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, and insulation 10h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Carry out the present invention formulate homogenizing heat treating regime time, should pay special attention to: first, soaking time should from ingot casting to design temperature calculating, more to note when large gauge ingot homogenization especially; Further, set by the present invention temperature below low melting point mutually corresponding temperature 5 ~ 15 DEG C, so strictly furnace temperature will be controlled, otherwise easily there is burn-off phenomenon; Finally, when according to thermal analysis curve determination low melting point phase initial temperature value, ensure that measured values is accurate.
Fig. 4 represents Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Φ 200mm specification continuous casting ingot casting front and back metallograph after the process of embodiment in the present invention 1 Homogenization Treatment.Fig. 4 (a) and (b) are microtexture contrast photo before and after Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy cast ingot Homogenization Treatments after interpolation Al-Ti-B-RE fining agent, wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy microtexture photo of the non-Homogenization Treatments of ingot casting after interpolation Al-Ti-B-RE fining agent; Fig. 4 (b) is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy microtexture photo of ingot casting embodiment 1 Homogenization Treatment process in the present invention after interpolation Al-Ti-B-RE fining agent.Fig. 4 (c) and (d) be do not add fining agent Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy cast ingot homogenizing before and after microtexture contrast photo, wherein, Fig. 4 (c) is the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy microtexture photo not adding the non-Homogenization Treatments of fining agent ingot casting; Fig. 4 (d) for do not add fining agent ingot casting after the process of embodiment in the present invention 1 Homogenization Treatment after metallograph.
What Fig. 5 represented is that Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy contrasts through Homogenization Treatment process traversing of probe electromicroscopic photograph of the present invention.
Organize and can obviously find before and after contrast homogenizing, after the Homogenization Treatment process that the present invention formulates, second-phase is dissolved in matrix substantially completely, Homogenization Process is very thorough, can reach the effect of Homogenization Treatments, thus put forward heavy alloyed plasticity and fatigue crack-resistant performance, make alloying element from point dissolving and be evenly distributed, improve Post isothermal treatment strengthening potentiality.
What Fig. 6 provided is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy dsc analysis result before and after the process of embodiment 1 Homogenization Treatment.As can be seen from the figure, the corresponding peak value of low melting point obvious (477 DEG C of corresponding peak values) before thermal treatment, through low temperature (460 DEG C) 6 hours corresponding peak values of isothermal holding low melting point as shown in Figure 2, low temperature endotherm(ic)peak (477 DEG C of corresponding peak values) reduces before, and simultaneously occurs second heat absorption small peak at high temperature dot (488 DEG C) a little.Low temperature endotherm(ic)peak completely dissolve after case study on implementation 1 processes, illustrates that low melting point is dissolved mutually completely, reaches homogenizing effect completely again.
Claims (3)
1., for the homogenization process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, it is characterized in that this homogenization process has following steps:
(1), to the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy that 77 series extra super duralumin alloys use carry out semicontinuous casting, prepare diameter and be greater than the round ingot casting of more than 200mm or justify semi-solid state ingot casting is this homogenization process homogenizing thermal treatment blank as blank;
(2), technique is heat-treated to blank prepared by step (1); This thermal treatment process has following operation: using 460 ~ 470 DEG C as first step homogenization temperature, first furnace temperature is raised to 460 ~ 470 DEG C, after stable etc. furnace temperature, then blank prepared by step (1) is put in heat treatment furnace, be incubated 6 ~ 12 hours, carry out first step homogenizing; Using 480 ~ 490 DEG C as second stage homogenization temperature, then furnace temperature is raised to 480 ~ 490 DEG C by 460 ~ 470 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 0.2 ~ 0.5 DEG C/min, under this temperature condition, is incubated 4 ~ 12 hours, carries out second stage homogenizing; After two-step homogenization, air cooling is to room temperature.
2. according to claim 1 for the homogenization process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, it is characterized in that in described step (1), the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy used, this alloying constituent by weight percentage, this alloying constituent is: Zn5.0 ~ 8.0wt%, Mg1.5 ~ 3.5wt%, Cu1.2 ~ 2.6wt%, and add the Al-5Ti-1B fining agent of 0.2wt%, remaining is Al.
3. according to claim 1 for the homogenization process in the actual production of large gauge 77 series extra super duralumin alloy, it is characterized in that first will measuring the fusing point that new low melting point phase separated out by alloy in heat treatment process when selecting second stage homogenization temperature in described step (2), i.e. temperature corresponding to second low temperature heat absorption small peak starting point, below the fusing point of this low melting point phase, 5 ~ 10 DEG C is second stage homogenization temperature that is 480 ~ 490 DEG C.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN104762574A (en) * | 2015-03-29 | 2015-07-08 | 北京工业大学 | Homogenizing treatment method of Al-Zn-Mg alloy semi-continuous casting round ingot for high-speed rails |
| CN105112826A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 中南大学 | Aviation high-strength anticorrosion aluminum alloy production process |
| CN106435416A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-02-22 | 昆山捷安特轻合金科技有限公司 | Hot extrusion process of ultrahigh-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy |
| CN107267898A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 哈尔滨中飞新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of 7075 aluminium alloy homogenising treatment methods |
| CN107354412A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of Al Zn Mg alloy twin-stage homogenization process containing Zr |
| CN108372203A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-08-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of milling method of biological medical degradable Zn-Li alloys |
| CN109338185A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength 7 line aluminium alloy profile |
| CN113430431A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-24 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | High-damage-tolerance 7-series aluminum alloy thick plate for aviation and preparation method thereof |
| CN115094355A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-23 | 南京工业大学 | Two-stage slow furnace temperature rise homogenization heat treatment process for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy |
| CN117107172A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for homogenizing aluminum alloy |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN104762574A (en) * | 2015-03-29 | 2015-07-08 | 北京工业大学 | Homogenizing treatment method of Al-Zn-Mg alloy semi-continuous casting round ingot for high-speed rails |
| CN105112826A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 中南大学 | Aviation high-strength anticorrosion aluminum alloy production process |
| CN106435416A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-02-22 | 昆山捷安特轻合金科技有限公司 | Hot extrusion process of ultrahigh-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy |
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| CN107354412A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of Al Zn Mg alloy twin-stage homogenization process containing Zr |
| CN108372203B (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-09-03 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of milling method of biological medical degradable Zn-Li alloy |
| CN108372203A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-08-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of milling method of biological medical degradable Zn-Li alloys |
| CN109338185A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength 7 line aluminium alloy profile |
| CN113430431A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-24 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | High-damage-tolerance 7-series aluminum alloy thick plate for aviation and preparation method thereof |
| CN113430431B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-08-05 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | High-damage-tolerance 7-series aluminum alloy thick plate for aviation and preparation method thereof |
| CN115094355A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-23 | 南京工业大学 | Two-stage slow furnace temperature rise homogenization heat treatment process for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy |
| CN117107172A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for homogenizing aluminum alloy |
| CN117107172B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-02-09 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for homogenizing aluminum alloy |
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