CN104233073A - Steel rail with surface decarburized layer smaller than 0.3mm and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Steel rail with surface decarburized layer smaller than 0.3mm and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104233073A
CN104233073A CN201310248307.9A CN201310248307A CN104233073A CN 104233073 A CN104233073 A CN 104233073A CN 201310248307 A CN201310248307 A CN 201310248307A CN 104233073 A CN104233073 A CN 104233073A
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rail
strand
less
steel rail
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CN104233073B (en
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杨玉
陈昕
金纪勇
杜斌
刘鹤
陈殿武
原思宇
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a steel rail with a surface decarburized layer smaller than 0.3mm and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the steel rail comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.60% -0.66%, Si: 0.10-0.30%, Mn: 0.8 to 1.2 percent of Fe, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of hydrogen, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of oxygen, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The method comprises the following steps: smelting and continuous casting: VD vacuum treatment is adopted for refining, the time is more than 25min, and the hydrogen content is less than 2.0 PPm; casting blank treatment: hot conveying and hot charging, wherein the temperature of a casting blank is more than 760 ℃; the heating section in the heating furnace is in weak oxidizing atmosphere, the furnace temperature of the heating section is 1250-1320 ℃, and the air coefficient is 1.0-1.20; the temperature of the furnace in the soaking section is 1150-1250 ℃, and the air coefficient is 0.80-1.00. The decarburized layer on the surface of the steel rail is less than 0.3mm, so that the grinding amount of the upper track of the high-speed rail can be reduced; the surface structure of the steel rail is refined, which is beneficial to improving the surface hardness of the steel rail, reducing the contact fatigue damage of the surface of the steel rail and prolonging the service life of the steel rail.

Description

A kind of surface-carburized layer is less than 0.3mm rail and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rail for railway field, particularly relate to the rail for high-speed railway that a kind of surface decarburization layer depth is less than 0.3mm.
Background technology
In recent years, China Express Railway Line for Passenger Transportation gets more and more, and railway passenger volume continues to increase, also more and more higher to the requirement of Line for Passenger Transportation rail.Decarburized layer is the important factor affecting rail use properties, wheel directly contacts with rail head of rail tread, and rail tread decarburization is serious, and surface hardness reduces, Rail Surface can be caused to occur the hurt such as crackle, wavy wearing and tearing too early, significantly reduce the work-ing life of rail.
The domestic and international rail for passenger traffic mainly adds the high carbon steel (not containing other alloying element) of appropriate Si and Mn at present, to ensure that rail has enough competencies and good toughness plasticity.China mainly contains U71Mn and U75V two kinds of rail for passenger transport line, and U71Mn chemical composition is C:0.65% ~ 0.75%, Si:0.15% ~ 0.58%, Mn:0.7% ~ 1.2%; U75V intensity is a little more than U71Mn, and chemical composition is C:0.71% ~ 0.80%, Si:0.50% ~ 0.70%, Mn:0.75% ~ 1.05%, and the decarburized layer deepness of these existing rail of V:0.04% ~ 0.08%. is generally 0.4mm ~ 0.5mm.
For the surperficial hurt caused in removing rail Decarburized layer and construction process, before operation opened by high-speed railway, all will polish to new rail, injure rail for avoiding and ensure Rail Surface smooth finish simultaneously, grinding depth is generally no more than 0.3 mm.Therefore, Tiedaobu Transportation Bureau clearly proposes, and high-speed rail Decarburized layer should control within 0.3mm by each steel mill.But the decarburized layer deepness of current existing rail generally can only control within 0.5mm, can not be less than the requirement of 0.3mm.
At present, mainly contain two kinds of technology and reduce rail decarburized layer deepness, one be strand roll off the production line cooling after at casting billet surface sprayed coating, decarburization is fallen, need first to be rolled off the production line by hot-cast base cooling, cleaning surface, then at casting billet surface sprayed coating, again by strand second-heating before steel rail rolling, namely strand second-heating consumes the energy, increases production cost, affects rhythm of production again.
Another kind method is improved strand Decarburized depth by controlling heating condition or is reduced rail decarburized layer deepness by changing rolling technology side exactly, this kind of method requires that fuel composition is stablized, and device control precision is high, and operation easier is large, be not easy to realize, and DeGrain.
Patent " a kind of prevent the heating means of high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot decarburization " (CN 1438334A) describes a kind of heating means preventing high-carbon steel billet or steel ingot decarburization, by controlling the fuel ratio such as air, coal gas, regulate coefficient of excess air, and then control the decarburization of furnace atmosphere reduction strand, this kind of method needs process furnace to be furnished with accurate Controlling System, accurate control air, coal gas amount, operational difficulty, is difficult to realize; Patent " CN 102,399,959 1 kinds reduces the method for thickness of decarburized layer of steel rail " is introduced, accurately coefficient of excess air is controlled by strand temperature, casting blank specification is changed and corresponding control universal rolling compression ratio according to rail specification, reduce rail Decarburized depth, change casting blank specification and need frequent replacing continuous caster support equipment, it is large that operation controls difficulty, affects rhythm of production, and only U71Mn rail Decarburized layer can be controlled within 0.5mm.
Patent " a kind of rolling method controlling rail head of rail decarburization " (CN 102240671A), rail decarburized layer deepness is reduced by changing rail head of rail pass schedule, and require strict control reduction in pass and special pass schedule, there is larger difficulty in Design and Machining roll, and Decarburized layer reduces limited extent, also only rail Decarburized layer can be down to about 0.33mm, can not ensure that Decarburized layer is less than or equal to 0.3mm completely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above and not enough and a kind of rail for high-speed railway is provided, make its surface decarburization layer depth≤0.3mm, improve Rail Surface quality, improve surface hardness, increase the service life.
In the present invention, a kind of surface-carburized layer is less than 0.3mm rail, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.60% ~ 0.66%, Si:0.10% ~ 0.30%, Mn:0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0. 5%, impurity element P≤0.020%, S≤0.015%, hydrogen≤0.0002%, oxygen≤0.0020%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Below elaborate each alloying constituent mechanism of action of structural steel of the present invention, present component design reason is as follows:
C:0.60%~0.66%
C is the principal element in rail steel beyond Fe, is also main strengthening element, and it can strengthen the intensity of heavy rail, hardness and wear resistance.Along with the increase of carbon content, the breakdown point of rail steel, hardness and wear resistance increase sharply, when carbon content is increased to 0.60% from 0.35%, the wear resistance of steel can be made to improve 60%, if C content is lower than 0.60%, be then difficult to the intensity ensureing rail steel, if C content is higher than 0.66% on the other hand, in 2 Mo Steel Slab during Heating Process, decarburization is serious, and carbon height also may worsen welding property and the toughness of steel.Therefore, C content will control 0.60% ~ 0.66%.
Mn:0.80%~1.2%
Mn is good reductor and sweetening agent, is to ensure the intensity of steel and the bioelement of toughness, and manganese and iron form sosoloid, can improve ferrite and austenitic hardness and intensity in steel.Mn and S combines and forms MnS, and avoid grain boundaries to form FeS and the thermal crack that causes, Mn is also good reductor and increases hardening capacity simultaneously.Mn content is too low can not meet rail strength requirement, and the easy forming component segregation of Mn too high levels, affect use properties, therefore, consider, Mn content should control 0.80% ~ 1.2%.
Si:0.10%~0.30%
Si, as the reductive agent in steelmaking process and reductor, is one of common elements in steel.The Si be solid-solubilized in ferrite can make ferrite crystal grain distort, effective raising ferrite matrix intensity, especially improves the yield strength of steel, but Si height not only increases the resistance to deformation of steel, make decarburization in steel rail rolling process, also can reduce toughness and welding property.Therefore control Si content is in 0.10% ~ 0.30%.
P:≤0.020%、S:≤0.015%
P and S is inevitable detrimental impurity in steel, and the toughness of their existence meeting severe exacerbation steel, therefore will take measures P and the S content in steel is reduced as far as possible.According to the present invention, the highest P content is limited in 0.020%, and the highest S content is limited in 0.015%.
Cr:0.2%~0.5%
Cr can significantly improve the hardening capacity of steel, can refine pearlite sheet spacing, thus thinning microstructure, improve intensity.Cr can also improve the intensity of activation of carbon diffusion, and alleviate the decarburizing tendency of steel, compared with Si, Cr more not easily promotes decarburization, therefore, adds appropriate Cr in Properties of Heavy Rail Steel By, refinement textura epidermoidea, reduces decarburized layer deepness, improves rail head surface competency.
Hydrogen≤0.0002%
, easily there is white-spot defects in steel in hydrogen richness >0.0002%, may cause rail fracture, affect fatigue property.
Oxygen≤0.0020%
Oxygen level is high, oxide-basedly in steel is mingled with many, and the fatigue failure such as core wound easily appear in rail, therefore, are ensure that steel is clean, require oxygen content in steel≤0.0020%.
A kind of surface-carburized layer of the present invention is less than 0.3mm rail manufacturing method, comprises smelting, continuous casting, smelting, strand process, rolling.
Smelting, continuous casting: the strand of mentioned component is produced by converter smelting, external refining, continuous casting; Refining adopts VD vacuum-treat, and the treatment time is greater than 25min, and ensure that molten steel hydrogen richness is less than 2.0PPm, white-spot defects causes premature fatigue to rupture to avoid rail to occur; For making Rail Surface crystal grain tiny, reduce surface decarburization layer depth, will ensure enough compression ratios during strand roll out steel rail, therefore, strand sectional dimension should be more than or equal to 280*380mm;
Strand process: continuously cast bloom adopts hot delivery and hot charging, do not roll off the production line after continuously cast bloom cutting scale, directly enter process furnace heating, rolling, this steel AC3 transformation temperature is about 750 DEG C, adopt the hot delivery and hot charging production technique that strand temperature is greater than 760 DEG C, can avoid heating front casting billet surface on the one hand and form ferritic structure, increase decarburizing tendency, on the other hand, adopt the production technique of hot delivery and hot charging can reduce strand at heating residing time in furnace, reduce strand decarburizing tendency in process furnace, reduce Rail Surface Decarburized depth; The hot delivery and hot charging production technique that strand temperature is greater than 760 DEG C; Heating zone weak oxide atmosphere in process furnace, soaking zone reducing atmosphere, contributes to reducing casting billet surface decarburization.Strand is long at residing time in furnace, and temperature is too high can increase strand decarburizing tendency, therefore, heating zone furnace temperature 1250 DEG C ~ 1320 DEG C, air coefficient is 1. 0 ~ 1. 20; Soaking zone furnace temperature 1150 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, air coefficient is 0. 80 ~ 1. 00; Strand stops 1.5 ~ 3 hours total times in stove, strand tapping temperature 1100 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C;
Strand adopts bloomer cogging, then enters Rolling With Universal Mill, and all adopt high pressure water to clear up casting billet surface before cogging and before entering universal mill, high pressure water operating pressure is greater than 150MPa, to ensure Finished Steel track surface quality.
In the rail steel of invention, C content reduces, and contributes to alleviating Rail Surface decarburization; After strand continuous casting, hot delivery and hot charging enters process furnace, and strand charging temperature is greater than 750 DEG C, avoids strand second-heating to increase decarburization, ensures good thermal regulation simultaneously, reduces surface decarburization tendency in 2 Mo Steel Slab during Heating Process; Add the addition of C r element in steel, improve rail steel hardening capacity, under equal cooling rate condition, apply the rail top layer microstructure thinning that this invention is produced, contribute to improving Rail Surface hardness.In the operation of rolling, adopt repeatedly high pressure water process, contribute to removing Rail Surface iron scale, improve surface quality.
By the rail of above-mentioned chemical composition and explained hereafter, inner quality and mechanical property all meet high-speed rail standard-required.Rail Surface Decarburized layer is less than 0.3mm, can decrease high-speed rail upper track polishing amount; Rail surface layer ferrite grain refinement, contributes to improving rail surface hardness, reduces the appearance of Rail Surface rolling contact fatigue, extends rail work-ing life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of embodiment 1 rail head fillet place Decarburized layer.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure of embodiment 2 rail head tread Decarburized layer.
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure of existing seamed high-speed steel rail rail head Decarburized layer.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The embodiment of the present invention according to the component proportion of technical scheme, carry out smelting, continuous casting, strand process, rolling.The smelting composition of embodiment of the present invention rail is in table 1.The main technologic parameters of embodiment of the present invention rail is in table 2.The performance of embodiment of the present invention rail is in table 3.
The smelting composition of table 1 embodiment of the present invention rail, Wt%
Embodiment C Si Mn P S Cr H 0
1 0.64 0.10 0.85 0.012 0.014 0.22 0.00016 0.0018
2 0.61 0.20 1.18 0.011 0.0008 0.43 0.00010 0.0016
3 0.66 0.18 1.03 0.019 0.0010 0.28 0.00013 0.0013
4 0.65 0.30 0.98 0.009 0.0009 0.49 0.00008 0.0015
Note: surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity
The main technologic parameters of table 2 example rail of the present invention
The performance of table 3 embodiment of the present invention rail
By the rail of above-mentioned chemical composition and explained hereafter, inner quality and mechanical property all meet high-speed rail standard-required.Rail Surface Decarburized layer is less than 0.3mm, can decrease high-speed rail upper track polishing amount; Rail surface layer ferrite grain refinement, contributes to improving rail surface hardness, reduces the appearance of Rail Surface rolling contact fatigue, extends rail work-ing life.

Claims (2)

1. surface-carburized layer is less than a 0.3mm rail, it is characterized in that, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.60% ~ 0.66%, Si:0.10% ~ 0.30%, Mn:0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0. 5%, impurity element P≤0.020%, S≤0.015%,
Hydrogen≤0.0002%, oxygen≤0.0020%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. surface-carburized layer is less than a 0.3mm rail manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, comprises smelting, continuous casting, strand process, rolling, it is characterized in that,
Smelting, continuous casting: the strand of mentioned component is produced by converter smelting, external refining, continuous casting; Refining adopts VD vacuum-treat, and the treatment time is greater than 25min, ensures that molten steel hydrogen richness is less than 2.0PPm; Strand sectional dimension should be more than or equal to 280*380mm;
Strand process: continuously cast bloom adopts hot delivery and hot charging, does not roll off the production line after continuously cast bloom cutting scale, the hot delivery and hot charging production technique that strand temperature is greater than 760 DEG C; Heating zone weak oxide atmosphere in process furnace, heating zone furnace temperature 1250 DEG C ~ 1320 DEG C, air coefficient is 1. 0 ~ 1. 20; Soaking zone reducing atmosphere, soaking zone furnace temperature 1150 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, air coefficient is 0. 80 ~ 1. 00; Strand stops 1.5 ~ 3 hours total times in stove, strand tapping temperature 1100 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C; Strand adopts bloomer cogging, then enters Rolling With Universal Mill, and all adopt high pressure water to clear up casting billet surface before cogging and before entering universal mill, high pressure water operating pressure is greater than 150MPa.
CN201310248307.9A 2013-06-19 2013-06-19 Steel rail with surface decarburized layer smaller than 0.3mm Active CN104233073B (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104878177A (en) * 2015-05-07 2015-09-02 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 Rolling technique capable of lowering depeth of steel rail decarburized layer
CN105483602A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-04-13 武汉科技大学 Heating method for thinning heavy rail decarburized layer
CN106513439A (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-03-22 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 Manufacturing method for hot-rolled high-carbon steel sheet strip with single-face decarburized layer ratio smaller than 0.7%
CN106583466A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-04-26 四川德胜集团钒钛有限公司 Rolled steel hot delivery and hot charging technology
CN107747021A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Corrosion-resistant rail for high-speed railway and its production method
CN109023044A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-18 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 The method for controlling Properties of Heavy Rail Steel decarburized layer deepness
CN109266830A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-25 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 A kind of heating production method controlling high-carbon rail decarburized layer deepness
CN110541111A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-06 武汉钢铁有限公司 Steel for wear-resistant guide steel rail and production method thereof
CN111549287A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-08-18 宝钢特钢韶关有限公司 Medium carbon steel and production process thereof
CN111593182A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-08-28 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 Production method of corrosion-resistant Baima complex phase structure steel rail
CN111809027A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 武汉钢铁有限公司 Heating method of copper-containing high-carbon corrosion-resistant steel rail
CN112226697A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-15 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Scratch-resistant rail and production method thereof
CN112239831A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-19 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 High-toughness and high-cold railway steel rail and production method thereof
CN113909293A (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-01-11 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Medium-strength steel rail and production method thereof

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104878177A (en) * 2015-05-07 2015-09-02 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 Rolling technique capable of lowering depeth of steel rail decarburized layer
CN105483602A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-04-13 武汉科技大学 Heating method for thinning heavy rail decarburized layer
CN105483602B (en) * 2015-12-16 2018-03-09 武汉科技大学 A kind of heating means for reducing heavy rail decarburized layer
CN106513439A (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-03-22 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 Manufacturing method for hot-rolled high-carbon steel sheet strip with single-face decarburized layer ratio smaller than 0.7%
CN106583466A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-04-26 四川德胜集团钒钛有限公司 Rolled steel hot delivery and hot charging technology
CN107747021A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Corrosion-resistant rail for high-speed railway and its production method
CN109023044A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-18 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 The method for controlling Properties of Heavy Rail Steel decarburized layer deepness
CN109266830A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-25 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 A kind of heating production method controlling high-carbon rail decarburized layer deepness
CN110541111A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-06 武汉钢铁有限公司 Steel for wear-resistant guide steel rail and production method thereof
CN111593182A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-08-28 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 Production method of corrosion-resistant Baima complex phase structure steel rail
CN111549287A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-08-18 宝钢特钢韶关有限公司 Medium carbon steel and production process thereof
CN111809027A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 武汉钢铁有限公司 Heating method of copper-containing high-carbon corrosion-resistant steel rail
CN112226697A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-15 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Scratch-resistant rail and production method thereof
CN112239831A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-19 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 High-toughness and high-cold railway steel rail and production method thereof
CN112226697B (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-03-22 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Scratch-resistant rail and production method thereof
CN113909293A (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-01-11 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Medium-strength steel rail and production method thereof

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