CN104227035B - The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top - Google Patents

The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104227035B
CN104227035B CN201410364453.2A CN201410364453A CN104227035B CN 104227035 B CN104227035 B CN 104227035B CN 201410364453 A CN201410364453 A CN 201410364453A CN 104227035 B CN104227035 B CN 104227035B
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China
Prior art keywords
push rod
tailstock
sleeve
end cap
limited block
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CN201410364453.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104227035A (en
Inventor
鲁银慧
汪旭光
饶磊
邵明辉
孙杰
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Ningbo Haitian Precision Machinery Co Ltd
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Ningbo Haitian Precision Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410364453.2A priority Critical patent/CN104227035B/en
Publication of CN104227035A publication Critical patent/CN104227035A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B23/00Tailstocks; Centres

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top, including sleeve and be set in the tailstock body outside sleeve, the front end of tailstock body is installed with the first end cap, mandrel it is provided with in sleeve, first push rod, second push rod, piston and sealing lid, the rear end of sleeve is installed with the second end cap, second end cap is set in the outside of tailstock centre, the front end of sleeve is installed with the 3rd end cap, sleeve, seal and be formed with the first oil pocket between lid and piston, sleeve, it is formed with the second oil pocket between piston and the 3rd end cap, it is provided with on piston and is respectively connected with, with the first oil pocket and the second oil pocket, the oil transportation hole that leads to, oil transportation hole is connected with extraneous oil pump, the position-limit mechanism for the movement travel of sleeve is adjusted it is provided with on tailstock body.This disassembly mechanism compact conformation, can conveniently and efficiently dismantle tailstock centre, improves lathe and changes the efficiency of tailstock centre, thus improve automaticity and the reliability of lathe, increases lathe service life, reduces client's use cost.

Description

The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machine tool accessory, the disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top.
Background technology
Along with industries such as automobile, internal combustion engine, Aero-Space, shipbuilding, military project household electrical appliances, universal machine, pump valve industry, decelerators Develop rapidly the continuous progress with high speed machining, automaticity, reliability and the use to lathe of the domestic each relevant industries The requirement in life-span improves constantly.For some lathes needing processing longaxones parts (such as piston rod, gear shaft), Generally requiring during finishing and use tailstock to improve machining accuracy, tailstock centre is the key components of tailstock, in process In usually need to change, the convenience that the life-span of tailstock centre and tailstock centre are changed, directly affect the automaticity of lathe Reliability with complete machine.And for traditional tailstock tool, the end of its tailstock centre is reserved with screw thread and nut, use process In can only by workman's manual rotation nut and by tailstock centre dismantle, the mode of this manual teardown tailstock centre is the most time-consuming takes Power, and screw thread is easy to wear, causes tailstock centre to be continuing with, and reduces automaticity and the reliability of lathe, increases The later stage use cost of user.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: for the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the demountor that a kind of tailstock tool is top Structure, tailstock centre can conveniently and efficiently be dismantled by this disassembly mechanism, improves lathe and changes the efficiency of tailstock centre, thus improves The automaticity of lathe and reliability, increase lathe service life, reduces client's use cost.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used: the disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top, including set Cylinder and be set in the tailstock body outside described sleeve, the front end of described tailstock body is installed with the first end cap, in described sleeve It is provided with mandrel, the first push rod, the second push rod, piston and sealing lid, if described mandrel is fixed on described by dry bearing In sleeve, offer in described mandrel and be sequentially connected logical the first inner chamber, the second inner chamber and the 3rd inner chamber, the first described top Bar is positioned in the second described inner chamber and coordinates with described mandrel small-gap suture, the first described push rod by some holding screws with Described mandrel is connected, and the outside of the first described push rod is provided with and the described corresponding clamp screw in some holding screw positions Nail axial channel, the end of one of them described holding screw extend in described holding screw axial channel, and described the One end of two push rods extend in the 3rd described inner chamber, and the other end of the second described push rod is connected with described piston thread, The described outside sealing in lid is fixed on described sleeve and being set in the second described push rod, the rear end of described sleeve is fixed Having the second end cap, the second described end cap to be set in the outside of tailstock centre, the front end of described sleeve is installed with the 3rd end cap, Described sleeve, sealing are covered and are formed with the first oil pocket between piston, are formed between described sleeve, piston and the 3rd end cap Second oil pocket, described piston is provided with and is respectively connected with, with the first described oil pocket and the second described oil pocket, the oil transportation hole that leads to, Described oil transportation hole is connected with extraneous oil pump, and during tailstock work, tailstock centre is embedded in the first inner chamber and tailstock centre and first Have between push rod between the first gap, the first push rod and the second push rod and there is the second gap, described holding screw axial channel Length more than the degree of depth in described the first gap, described tailstock body is provided with for the movement travel of described sleeve is entered The position-limit mechanism of row regulation, the first described gap and the degree of depth sum in the second described gap are less than the maximum fortune of described sleeve Dynamic stroke.
After the present invention installs, being arranged on by tailstock centre in the first inner chamber, in the course of work, the fluid of extraneous oil pump is through oil transportation hole Enter in the first oil pocket or the second oil pocket, promote sleeve together with the 3rd end cap, piston, sealing lid, the second push rod, mandrel and the Two end caps move forward and backward, and then drive tailstock centre to move forward and backward.In second oil pocket during oil-feed, sleeve travels forward, by limit The movement travel of sleeve is limited to minimum by position mechanism, and when sleeve moves forward to extreme position, (now tailstock centre is in work Position) time, make the first push rod can not contact with the afterbody of tailstock centre, the first push rod and the second push rod can not contact (even if tail Have between the first gap, the first push rod and the second push rod between top and the first push rod of seat and there is the second gap), so can ensure Tailstock can normally work, and when tailstock works, mandrel is together with bearing with tailstock centre high-speed rotation, carries out workpiece Processing;When needs take off tailstock centre, again by position-limit mechanism, the movement travel of sleeve is limited to maximum stroke movement, Sleeve moves forward together with the 3rd end cap, piston, sealing lid, the second push rod, mandrel and the second end cap and covers this During big movement travel, the equal vanishing of the degree of depth in the first gap and the second gap, the second push rod promotes the first push rod to be moved rearwards by, First push rod pushes up pressure tailstock centre again, and guiding and position-limiting action are played in the movement of the first push rod by holding screw axial channel, and tight More than the setting of the degree of depth in the first gap, the length determining screw axial guide groove can ensure that the first push rod can push up pressure tailstock centre, again may be used Preventing the first push rod to tailstock centre top degree of pressing through, tailstock centre ejects smoothly the most at last, it is achieved the purpose dismantled by tailstock centre. After tailstock centre dismounting, if desired it is reinstalled tailstock centre, only needs first to be arranged in the first inner chamber by tailstock centre, then by oil Liquid inputs in the first oil pocket, promotes sleeve to drive the 3rd end cap, piston, sealing lid, the second push rod, mandrel and the second end cap one Playing rearward movement, when the operating position of sleeve rearward movement to tailstock centre, the first gap, the degree of depth in the second gap are recovered again Initial value, the first push rod does not contacts with the afterbody of tailstock centre, the first push rod and the second push rod do not contact, and tailstock can start normally Work.The top process of above-mentioned dismounting, mounted tailstock is convenient, safe efficient, is conducive to improving lathe and changes tailstock centre Efficiency, thus improve automaticity and the reliability of lathe, increases lathe service life, reduces client's use cost.
Described position-limit mechanism be arranged between the front end of described tailstock body and the first described end cap and with the front end of tailstock body and First end cap small-gap suture coordinates, and described position-limit mechanism includes columned limited block body, the upper end of described limited block body Being wholely set limited location portion, the width of described limiting section is less than the external diameter of described limited block body, described limited block body Lower end be wholely set spanner connecting portion, the 3rd described end cap is provided with and the described corresponding breach in limiting section position, The inner side of the first described end cap offers the first endoporus and the second endoporus, is provided with spring and steel ball in the first described endoporus, The outside of described limited block body is provided with two symmetrical ball corresponding with described steel ball position, the one of described steel ball Part is positioned at a described ball, and the remainder of described steel ball is positioned at the first described endoporus, in described second Being equipped with alignment pin in hole, the outside of described limited block body is provided with circumferentially positioned groove corresponding with described alignment pin position, The end of described alignment pin extend in described circumferentially positioned groove, during use by spanner connecting portion by limited block body with pull Even, rotating spanner, limited block body can rotate in breach palmistry, when limiting section turns in breach, outside limiting section Side surface offsets with the front end surface of sleeve, and when limiting section is rotated further by 180 °, outer surface and first end cap of limiting section offset. The setting of above-mentioned position-limit mechanism, simple in construction, easy to operate.No matter what position limited block body turns to, the sustainable top of spring Pressing steel balls, a part for steel ball can be located in a ball, prevents limited block body from rotating, it is achieved the circumference to limited block body Location;The end of alignment pin extend in circumferentially positioned groove, can prevent limited block body from upper and lower play occurring because of upper and lower translation, Realize the axial location to limited block body.By the circumferentially positioned and axial location to limited block body, finally realize spacing Block body accurate, effectively position, make limited block body more accurate to the regulation of sleeve movement travel, be conducive to improving lathe Reliability and machining accuracy.In addition to using the position-limit mechanism of said structure, it is also possible to by the side such as hydraulic piston, Electromagnetic Control The position-limit mechanism of formula realizes Automated condtrol and the regulation of the movement travel to sleeve.
The described outside sealing lid, the second push rod, piston, the 3rd end cap and limited block body is all arranged with sealing ring.Multiple The setting of sealing ring, can improve the sealing of the present invention, prevents leakage of oil, improves the reliability of lathe.
One end of the second close described push rod of the first described push rod is tapering point, the second described push rod close described One end of first push rod is provided with the tapered recess matched with described tapering point.Sleeve drives the 3rd end cap, piston, sealing Lid, the second push rod, mandrel are together with the second end cap during rearward movement, and tapering point embeds in tapered recess, enables the second push rod The first push rod is preferably promoted to be moved rearwards by, beneficially the smooth dismounting of tailstock centre.
Being equipped with T-shaped nail on one sidewall of described tailstock body, the outside of described sleeve is provided with and described T-shaped nail position Corresponding T-shaped nail axial channel, the end of described T-shaped nail extend in described T-shaped nail axial channel.T-shaped nail and T The setting of sprig axial channel, can play guiding and position-limiting action to mobile before and after sleeve further, prevent because moving before and after sleeve Move excess and lathe is caused unnecessary damage.
The outer sheath of the nail rod of described T-shaped nail is provided with T-shaped nail sealing ring.T-shaped nail sealing ring can further improve the present invention's Sealing.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: the top disassembly mechanism of tailstock tool that the present invention provides, structure is tight Gather, can conveniently and efficiently by tailstock centre dismantle, improve lathe change tailstock centre efficiency, also make subsequent installation, debugging, The work such as maintenance become simple, convenient, thus improve automaticity and the reliability of lathe, increase lathe service life, fall Low client's use cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment during movement travel minimum of sleeve;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment during movement travel maximum of sleeve;
Fig. 3 is enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the schematic appearance of limited block body in embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As it can be seen, the disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top, including sleeve 1 be set in the tailstock body 2 outside sleeve 1, The front end of tailstock body 2 is installed with the first end cap 21, and a sidewall of tailstock body 2 is equipped with T-shaped nail 22, and the outside of sleeve 1 sets Being equipped with T-shaped nail axial channel 11 corresponding with T-shaped nail 22 position, the end of T-shaped nail 22 extend into T-shaped nail axial channel 11 In, the outer sheath of the nail rod of T-shaped nail 22 is provided with T-shaped nail sealing ring 221;Be provided with in sleeve 1 mandrel the 3, first push rod 4, Second push rod 5, piston 6 and sealing lid 7, the outside of the second push rod 5, piston 6 and sealing lid 7 is all arranged with sealing ring 23, If mandrel 3 is fixed in sleeve 1 by dry bearing 34, offers in mandrel 3 and be sequentially connected the first logical inner chamber 31, second Inner chamber 32 and the 3rd inner chamber 33, the first push rod 4 is positioned in the second inner chamber 32 and coordinates with mandrel 3 small-gap suture, the first push rod 4 Being connected with mandrel 3 by some holding screws 41, the outside of the first push rod 4 is provided with and some holding screw 41 positions phase The holding screw axial channel 42 answered, the end of one of them holding screw 41 extend in holding screw axial channel 42, the One end of two push rods 5 extend in the 3rd inner chamber 33, and the other end of the second push rod 5 is threadeded with piston 6, the first push rod 4 Be tapering point near one end of the second push rod 5, one end near the first push rod 4 of the second push rod 5 is provided with and tapering point phase The tapered recess 51 coordinated, seals in lid 7 is fixed on sleeve 1 and is set in the outside of the second push rod 5, to the second push rod 5 To supporting role, the rear end of sleeve 1 is installed with the second end cap 12, and the second end cap 12 is set in the outside of tailstock centre 8, set The front end of cylinder 1 is installed with the 3rd end cap 13, and the outside of the 3rd end cap 13 is also arranged with sealing ring 23, sleeve 1, sealing lid 7 And be formed with the first oil pocket 14 between piston 6, seal lid 7 and first oil pocket 14 played sealing function, sleeve 1, piston 6 with It is formed with the second oil pocket 15 between 3rd end cap 13, piston 6 is provided with and the first oil pocket 14 and the second oil pocket 15 phase respectively The oil transportation hole (not shown) of connection, oil transportation hole is connected with extraneous oil pump (not shown), tailstock top during tailstock work Point 8 be embedded in the first inner chamber 31 and have between tailstock centre 8 and the first push rod 4 first gap the 91, first push rod 4 with Having the second gap 92 between second push rod 5, the length of holding screw axial channel 42 is more than the degree of depth in the first gap 91, tail The position-limit mechanism for the movement travel of sleeve 1 is adjusted, the first gap 91 and the second gap 92 it is provided with on pedestal 2 Degree of depth sum less than maximum stroke movement S of sleeve 1.
Position-limit mechanism be arranged between the front end of tailstock body 2 and the first end cap 21 and with the front end of tailstock body 2 and the first end cap 21 Small-gap suture coordinates, and position-limit mechanism includes columned limited block body 10, and the outside of limited block body 10 is also arranged with sealing ring 23, the upper end of limited block body 10 is wholely set limited location portion 101, and the width of limiting section 101 is less than limited block body 10 External diameter, the lower end of limited block body 10 has been wholely set spanner connecting portion 102, the 3rd end cap 13 has been provided with and limiting section 101 The corresponding breach in position 131, the inner side of the first end cap 21 offers the first endoporus 24 and the second endoporus 25, in the first endoporus 24 Being provided with spring 26 and steel ball 27, the outside of limited block body 10 is provided with two symmetrical balls corresponding with steel ball 27 position Hole 103, a part for steel ball 27 is positioned at a ball 103, and the remainder of steel ball 27 is positioned at the first endoporus 24, the Being equipped with alignment pin 28 in two endoporus 25, it is fixed that the outside of limited block body 10 is provided with circumference corresponding with alignment pin 28 position Position groove 104, the end of alignment pin 28 extend in circumferentially positioned groove 104.In actual applications, except using said structure Outside position-limit mechanism, it is also possible to realize oneself of the movement travel to sleeve by the position-limit mechanism of the mode such as hydraulic piston, Electromagnetic Control Dynamicization controls and regulation.
The course of work of above-mentioned disassembly mechanism is as follows: be connected with spanner by limited block body 10 by spanner connecting portion 102, rotates Spanner, makes the outer surface of limiting section 102 offset with the front end surface of sleeve 1, the movement travel of sleeve 1 is limited to minimum, In now limiting section 101 turns to breach 131;In second oil pocket 15 during oil-feed, sleeve 1 moves forward to extreme position, this Time tailstock centre 8 be in operating position, have between tailstock centre 8 and the first push rod 4 first gap the 91, first push rod 4 with There is between second push rod 5 second gap 92, thus the first push rod 4 does not contacts with the afterbody of tailstock centre 8, the first push rod 4 Not contacting with the second push rod 5, such tailstock can start normally to work, when tailstock works mandrel 3 together with bearing 34 with Tailstock centre 8 high-speed rotation together, is processed workpiece;When needs take off tailstock centre 8, by spanner by limited block Body 10 rotates 180 °, makes the outer surface of limiting section 101 and the first end cap 21 offset, and now sleeve 1 has largest motion Stroke S, fluid in the second oil pocket 15 promotes sleeve 1 to move forward, the 3rd end cap 13, piston 6, seal lid 7, Second push rod 5, mandrel 3 and the second end cap 12 also together with travel forward with sleeve 2, until the second push rod 5 contacts and promotes One push rod 4 is moved rearwards by, and the first push rod 4 pushes up pressure tailstock centre 8 again, and tailstock centre 8 ejects smoothly the most at last, it is achieved by tail The purpose of top 8 dismountings of seat.After tailstock centre dismounting, if desired it is reinstalled tailstock centre, only needs first to be installed by tailstock centre In the first inner chamber 31, then fluid is inputted in the first oil pocket 31, promote sleeve 1 to drive the 3rd end cap 13, piston 6, close Capping the 7, second push rod 5, mandrel 3 rearward movement together with the second end cap 12, when sleeve 1 rearward movement is to tailstock centre During operating position, the first push rod 4 does not contacts with the afterbody of tailstock centre, the first push rod 4 does not contacts with the second push rod 5, tailstock Can start normally to work.

Claims (6)

1. the disassembly mechanism that a tailstock tool is top, it is characterised in that include sleeve and be set in the tailstock outside described sleeve Body, the front end of described tailstock body is installed with the first end cap, be provided with in described sleeve mandrel, the first push rod, the second push rod, Piston and sealing lid, if described mandrel is fixed in described sleeve by dry bearing, offer phase successively in described mandrel First inner chamber, the second inner chamber and the 3rd inner chamber of connection, the first described push rod is positioned in the second described inner chamber and with described Mandrel small-gap suture coordinates, and the first described push rod is connected with described mandrel by some holding screws, the first described push rod Outside be provided with and described some holding screw positions corresponding holding screw axial channel, one of them described clamp screw The end of nail extend in described holding screw axial channel, and one end of the second described push rod extend into the 3rd described inner chamber In, the other end of the second described push rod is connected with described piston thread, and the described lid that seals is fixed in described sleeve also Being set in the outside of the second described push rod, the rear end of described sleeve is installed with the second end cap, and the second described end cap is set in The outside of tailstock centre, the front end of described sleeve is installed with the 3rd end cap, and described sleeve, sealing are covered and formed between piston There is the first oil pocket, be formed with the second oil pocket between described sleeve, piston and the 3rd end cap, described piston be provided with and institute The first oil pocket stated and the second described oil pocket are respectively connected with the oil transportation hole led to, and described oil transportation hole is connected with extraneous oil pump, tail Seat work time tailstock centre be embedded in the first inner chamber and have between tailstock centre and the first push rod the first gap, the first push rod with Having the second gap between second push rod, the length of described holding screw axial channel is more than the degree of depth in the first described gap, The position-limit mechanism for the movement travel of described sleeve is adjusted, the first described gap it is provided with on described tailstock body With the maximum stroke movement that the degree of depth sum in the second described gap is less than described sleeve.
The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool the most according to claim 1 is top, it is characterised in that described position-limit mechanism sets Put between the front end of described tailstock body and the first described end cap and coordinate with front end and the first end cap small-gap suture of tailstock body, Described position-limit mechanism includes that columned limited block body, the upper end of described limited block body are wholely set limited location portion, institute The width of the limiting section stated is less than the external diameter of described limited block body, and the lower end of described limited block body has been wholely set spanner Connecting portion, the 3rd described end cap is provided with and the described corresponding breach in limiting section position, the inner side of the first described end cap Offer the first endoporus and the second endoporus, be provided with spring and steel ball in the first described endoporus, outside described limited block body Side is provided with two symmetrical ball corresponding with described steel ball position, and a part for described steel ball is positioned at a described ball In hole, the remainder of described steel ball is positioned at the first described endoporus, is equipped with alignment pin, institute in the second described endoporus The outside of the limited block body stated is provided with circumferentially positioned groove corresponding with described alignment pin position, the end of described alignment pin It extend in described circumferentially positioned groove, by spanner connecting portion, limited block body is connected with spanner during use, rotating spanner, Limited block body can rotate in breach, when limiting section turns in breach, and the outer surface of limiting section and the front end of sleeve End face offsets, and when limiting section is rotated further by 180 °, outer surface and first end cap of limiting section offset.
The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool the most according to claim 2 is top, it is characterised in that described sealing lid, The outside of two push rods, piston, the 3rd end cap and limited block body is all arranged with sealing ring.
The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool the most according to claim 1 is top, it is characterised in that the first described push rod Being tapering point near one end of the second described push rod, one end of the first close described push rod of the second described push rod is provided with The tapered recess matched with described tapering point.
5. according to the disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool according to any one of claim 1-4 is top, it is characterised in that described Being equipped with T-shaped nail on one sidewall of tailstock body, the outside of described sleeve is provided with corresponding T-shaped with described T-shaped nail position Nail axial channel, the end of described T-shaped nail extend in described T-shaped nail axial channel.
The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool the most according to claim 5 is top, it is characterised in that the nail of described T-shaped nail The outer sheath of bar is provided with T-shaped nail sealing ring.
CN201410364453.2A 2014-07-29 2014-07-29 The disassembly mechanism that a kind of tailstock tool is top Active CN104227035B (en)

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CN110039076A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-07-23 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 A kind of rapid-adjusting type is top
CN110052623A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-07-26 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 A kind of double eccentric-pieces are dual-purpose top
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CN110860707B (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-08-07 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 Double-eccentric center type center
CN111590093A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-28 津上精密机床(浙江)有限公司 High-precision and efficient telescopic tailstock
CN111953160B (en) * 2020-08-14 2021-08-17 浙江震环数控机床股份有限公司 Tool for machining conical motor shell
CN112643067B (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-11-19 娄底鼎力液压科技有限公司 Inclined lathe body knife tower type tailstock numerical control lathe

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