CN104226245A - Preparation method of activated carbon for adsorbing xenon serving as inert gas in nuclear power station - Google Patents
Preparation method of activated carbon for adsorbing xenon serving as inert gas in nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN104226245A CN104226245A CN201310254987.5A CN201310254987A CN104226245A CN 104226245 A CN104226245 A CN 104226245A CN 201310254987 A CN201310254987 A CN 201310254987A CN 104226245 A CN104226245 A CN 104226245A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of physical and chemical performances of materials and particularly relates to a preparation method of activated carbon for adsorbing xenon serving as an inert gas in a nuclear power station. The method comprises the following steps of 1, drying activated carbon raw materials; 2, sieving the activated carbon raw materials; 3, selecting activated carbon ingredients; 4, mixing the activated carbon ingredients; and 5, carrying out split charging on the activated carbon. By using the method provided by the invention, the technical problem that the technical requirement for adsorbing the radioactive inert gas in the nuclear powder station is difficult to meet by the activated carbon prepared by using the existing method is solved; and the activated carbon for adsorbing the radioactive inert gas is obtained through carrying out reasonable secondary treatment and preparation on the existing activated carbon, so that the technical requirements of the nuclear power station for adsorption coefficient, particle size, resistance and water content can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material physical and chemical performance field of measuring technique, be specifically related to a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon.
Background technology
The radioactivity inert gases such as charcoal absorption Ar, Kr, Xe and Rn are used to be a kind of effective radioactivity inert gas minimizing technology; particularly in nuclear power station; use active carbon to be detained bed and Adsorption And Retention is carried out to radioactivity inert gas; can reach and effectively remove its radioactivity, the healthy object with reducing environmental pollution of protection staff.
In current nuclear power station, inert gas is detained in bed the active carbon installed, and be mainly the supply of material of external producer, its technical formula is producer's know-how, is not supplied to power station, cause be detained bed active carbon can not production and supply at home.Can lose efficacy depositing active carbon in process, power station storage level is too much unsuitable, and external procurement cycle is long, therefore, is detained bed active carbon once lose efficacy, and spare part is difficult to supply in time.
Though the active carbon ventilated in nuclear power station and install in exhaust treatment system is domestic production active carbon, but its major function is for removing radioiodine, radioiodine flow through dipping containing non-put the active carbon of means of iodine chemical reagent time put iodine generation chemical exchange reaction with non-, thus reach the object of being detained removal radioiodine.And inert gas is more stable, be difficult to react with impregnating agent, and active carbon is adsorbed as physical absorption to inert gas, the factors such as characterization of adsorption and active carbon kind, particle diameter composition are relevant.Therefore, absorption xenon can not be directly used in for the domestic production active carbon except iodine.
In addition, the active carbon that active carbon manufactory produces, owing to only having carried out the once processing such as activation process, the indexs such as adsorption coefficient, particle diameter, resistance, water content often can not meet nuclear power station instructions for use simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are: active carbon prepared by existing method is difficult to the technical requirement meeting nuclear power station Adsorption of Radioactive inert gas.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as described below:
Adsorb a used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon for inert gas xenon, comprise the following steps: step 1 dried active carbon feedstock; Step 2 sieves activated carbon raw material; Step 3 selects active carbon to prepare burden; Step 4 mixed active charcoal is prepared burden; Step 5 packing active carbon.
Step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤2mm, mass ratio is no more than 2%; 2mm < granularity≤2.8mm, mass ratio is no less than 45%; 2.8mm < granularity≤3.2mm, mass ratio is no less than 31%; Granularity > 3.2mm, mass ratio is no more than 22%;
Step 2.2 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤1.5mm, mass ratio is no more than 21%; Granularity > 2mm, mass ratio is no more than 4%; All the other are the activated carbon raw material of 1.5mm < granularity≤2mm;
In step 3, select to prepare burden A as active carbon to the 4-8 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient >=280ml/g, intensity > 95%; Select to prepare burden B as active carbon to the 8-20 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient >=280ml/g, intensity > 95%;
In step 4, according to volume ratio mixed active charcoal batching A and the active carbon batching B of 6:5.
Preferably:
In step 1, adopt indefinite form coconut husk charcoal as activated carbon raw material; Baking temperature is strict controlled in less than 300 DEG C; Set temperature measuring point in dry run.
As further preferred version:
In step 2.1, from the activated carbon raw material of the 4-8 order particle size range that the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1 sieves out, be specifically distributed as:
In step 2.2, from the activated carbon raw material of the 8-20 order particle size range that the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1 sieves out, be specifically distributed as:
As further preferred version:
In step 3, be 30 DEG C in temperature, pressure is 0.1MPa, and absolute humidity is 0.5g/m
3under condition, the adsorption coefficient of test activated carbon raw material and intensity.
As further preferred version:
In step 4, in the process of mixed active charcoal batching, temperature is below 30 DEG C, is preferably 25 DEG C.
As further preferred version:
In step 5, use double-layer nylon polybag or metal bucket packing active carbon.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention, rational after-treatment and preparation are carried out to existing active carbon, obtain a kind of radioactivity inert gas active carbon, the technical requirement of nuclear power station adsorption coefficient, particle diameter, resistance, water content can be met;
(2) a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention, by special process to active carbon drying process, makes its water content be reduced to 2%, significantly improves charcoal absorption xenon performance;
(3) a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention, by the indefinite form cocoanut active charcoal of 6:5 mixing 4-8 order and 8-20 order two kinds of particle size range, obtain the active carbon with efficient low-resistance feature, avoid the technological process that special active carbon is loaded down with trivial details;
(4) a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention, filling requires low, and performance is high, and requirement high to xenon absorption property under meeting the operation of nuclear power station delay bed negative pressure, be applicable to promoting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the active carbon prepared of the inventive method is under negative pressure to xenon absorption property curve;
Fig. 2 is the resistance curve of active carbon under different in flow rate prepared by the inventive method;
Fig. 3 is the charging appliance front view of active carbon of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the top view of the charging appliance of active carbon of the present invention.
In figure, 1-centre bore, 2-septated hole, 3-funnel, 4-mounting flange, 5-tube connector, 6-guide pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, a kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon adsorbing inert gas xenon of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step 1 dried active carbon feedstock
Activated carbon raw material in the present embodiment adopts Malaysia to produce indefinite form coconut husk charcoal.Activated carbon raw material is placed in drying box, rotary furnace or dry cave dwelling and carries out redrying, and after sealing cooling.Baking temperature is strict controlled in less than 300 DEG C, prevents the too high activated carbon raw material loose structure that causes of temperature from changing.
For controlling baking temperature, can in dry run reasonable set temperature measuring point, generally at filling activated carbon raw material 1/3 highly and 2/3 height and position set temperature meter.
By above removal moisture drying process, activated carbon raw material water content is no more than 2%.
Step 2 sieves activated carbon raw material
Step 2.1 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤2mm, mass ratio is no more than 2%; 2mm < granularity≤2.8mm, mass ratio is no less than 45%; 2.8mm < granularity≤3.2mm, mass ratio is no less than 31%; Granularity > 3.2mm, mass ratio is no more than 22%.
Step 2.2 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤1.5mm, mass ratio is no more than 21%; Granularity > 2mm, mass ratio is no more than 4%; All the other are the activated carbon raw material of 1.5mm < granularity≤2mm.
In step 2, the screening of activated carbon raw material particle diameter uses whirlwind separator and activated carbon filtration sieve, particle diameter tester is shocking type standard vibrating sieving machine, and method of testing is according to national standard " mensuration of GB/T 12946.2-1999 wood activated charcoal test method size distribution ".
Step 3 selects active carbon to prepare burden
Respectively to sieving the 4-8 order and the sampling of 8-20 order particle size range activated carbon raw material that obtain in step 2.1, step 2.2, be 30 DEG C in temperature, pressure is 0.1MPa, and absolute humidity is 0.5g/m
3under condition, test its absorption property: select to prepare burden A as active carbon to the 4-8 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient>=14ml/g, intensity > 95%; Select to prepare burden B as active carbon to the 8-20 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient>=14ml/g, intensity > 95%.
Step 4 mixed active charcoal is prepared burden
The active carbon batching A that blend step 3 obtains and active carbon batching B obtains active carbon, and the volume ratio of active carbon batching A and active carbon batching B is 6:5.In the present embodiment, in the process of mixed active charcoal batching, temperature is below 30 DEG C, to control the humidity in mixed process.
Step 5 packing active carbon
Use double-layer nylon polybag or metal bucket packing active carbon, prevent active carbon deposit with transportation in make moist.
In order to control active carbon in use procedure, resistance is installed, use special-purpose loading equipment filling active carbon: described charging appliance comprises funnel 3, mounting flange 4 and guide pipe 6, funnel 3 is fixed on mounting flange 4 upper surface, guide pipe 6 is fixed on mounting flange 4 lower surface by tube connector 5, the brace rod that funnel 3 mouthfuls of middle parts are connected with funnel 3 sidewall by several is fixed with circular assembly, forms centre bore 1 and septated hole 2.Special-purpose loading equipment is fixed on container filler, and active carbon is poured in funnel, is naturally fallen in container by centre bore 1 and septated hole 2, avoid occurring spike in filling process, ensure that active carbon is installed evenly, and in installation process, active carbon in the raw, does not need jolt ramming.
In method operating process of the present invention, whirlwind separator mixed active charcoal can be used to prepare burden; Use volume receptacle and balance measurement bulk density; TCD measurement mechanism is used to measure adsorption coefficient; Digital micro manometer is used to measure resistance; Use spinner survey flow; Open flow circulation is set up by blower fan; In the present invention, activated carbon raw material water content method of testing and instrument are according to national standard " mensuration of GB/T12946.4-1999 wood activated charcoal test method moisture ".
Embodiment 1 adsorbs the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of xenon
Step 1
Malay indefinite form cocoanut active charcoal will be originated from put into dry cave dwelling as active carbon condiments and carry out redrying, dry kiln divides 10 layers, for cylindrical structure, primary drying about 2 tons active carbons, platinum resistance thermometer is provided with respectively at kiln 1/3 height and 2/3 At The Height, time dry, temperature controls at 230 DEG C, and after dry, active carbon water content is 2%.
Step 2
Step 2.1
Use whirlwind separator and activated carbon filtration sieve, sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range from step 1 dried indefinite form coconut husk charcoal, concrete distribution is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 4-8 order particle size range active carbon distributes
| Sequence number | Granularity | Mass ratio |
| 1 | <1mm | 0.03% |
| 2 | 1-1.5mm | 0.02% |
| 3 | 1.5-2mm | 1.35% |
| 4 | 2-2.8mm | 45.02% |
| 5 | 2.8-3.2mm | 32.45% |
| 6 | 3.2-4mm | 15.62% |
| 7 | >4mm | 5.51% |
Step 2.2
Use whirlwind separator and activated carbon filtration sieve, sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range from step 1 dried indefinite form coconut husk charcoal, concrete distribution is as shown in table 2.
The distribution of table 28-20 order particle size range active carbon
| Sequence number | Granularity | Mass ratio |
| 1 | <1mm | 2.98% |
| 2 | 1-1.5mm | 17.48% |
| 3 | 1.5-2mm | 76.97% |
| 4 | 2-2.8mm | 2.51% |
| 5 | 2.8-3.2mm | 0.02% |
| 6 | 3.2-4mm | 0.02% |
| 7 | >4mm | 0.02% |
Step 3
Respectively to sieving the 4-8 order and the sampling of 8-20 order particle size range activated carbon raw material that obtain in step 2.1, step 2.2, be 30 DEG C in temperature, pressure is 0.1MPa, and absolute humidity is 0.5g/m
3under condition, test its absorption property: wherein 4-8 order activated carbon raw material is 384.25ml/g, 8-20 order activated carbon raw material to xenon adsorption coefficient is 378.98ml/g to xenon adsorption coefficient, and the equal > 95% of its intensity.According to test result, select the activated carbon raw material obtained in step 2.1, step 3.1 as active carbon batching A and active carbon batching B.
Step 4
Use whirlwind separator under natural open-air atmosphere, according to 6:5 ratio mixed active charcoal batching A and active carbon batching B.In order to control humidity in mixed process, in mixed process, mean temperature is 25 DEG C.
Mixed active carbon is 30 DEG C in temperature, and pressure is 0.1MPa, and absolute humidity is 0.5g/m
3under condition, it is 380ml/g to xenon adsorption coefficient; Active carbon water content is 2%, and active carbon intensity is 98.80%; Activated carbon sample, at laboratory measurement resistance, is no more than 50Pa; The content that in active carbon, the plumbous mercury of arsenic cadmium etc. are micro-is lower, and wherein arsenic content is less than 0.001mg/L, and lead content is less than 0.001mg/L, and mercury content is less than 0.0001mg/L, meets the state related requirements of the operations such as post processing landfill.
Step 5
Dried active carbon 200L metal bucket sealed packaging transport.
Claims (7)
1. adsorb a used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon for inert gas xenon, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: step 1 dried active carbon feedstock; Step 2 sieves activated carbon raw material; Step 3 selects active carbon to prepare burden; Step 4 mixed active charcoal is prepared burden; Step 5 packing active carbon;
Step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 4-8 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤2mm, mass ratio is no more than 2%; 2mm < granularity≤2.8mm, mass ratio is no less than 45%; 2.8mm < granularity≤3.2mm, mass ratio is no less than 31%; Granularity > 3.2mm, ratio is no more than 22%;
Step 2.2 sieves the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range
Sieve out the activated carbon raw material of 8-20 order particle size range from the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1, be specifically distributed as:
Granularity≤1.5mm, mass ratio is no more than 21%; Granularity > 2mm, mass ratio is no more than 4%; All the other are the activated carbon raw material of 1.5mm < granularity≤2mm;
In step 3, select to prepare burden A as active carbon to the 4-8 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient >=280ml/g, intensity > 95%; Select to prepare burden B as active carbon to the 8-20 order particle size range activated carbon raw material of inert gas xenon adsorption coefficient >=280mlml/g, intensity > 95%;
In step 4, according to volume ratio mixed active charcoal batching A and the active carbon batching B of 6:5.
2. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1, adopts indefinite form coconut husk charcoal as activated carbon raw material; Baking temperature is strict controlled in less than 300 DEG C; Set temperature measuring point in dry run.
3. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
In step 2.1, from the activated carbon raw material of the 4-8 order particle size range that the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1 sieves out, be specifically distributed as:
In step 2.2, from the activated carbon raw material of the 8-20 order particle size range that the dried activated carbon raw material of step 1 sieves out, be specifically distributed as:
4. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step 3, is 30 DEG C in temperature, and pressure is 0.1MPa, and absolute humidity is 0.5g/m
3under condition, the adsorption coefficient of test activated carbon raw material and intensity.
5. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step 4, and in the process of mixed active charcoal batching, temperature is below 30 DEG C.
6. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step 4, and in the process of mixed active charcoal batching, temperature is 25 DEG C.
7. the used in nuclear power station method for preparation of active carbon of absorption inert gas xenon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step 5, uses double-layer nylon polybag or metal bucket packing active carbon.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4054427A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1977-10-18 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of recovering krypton and xenon nuclides from waste gases |
| CN102580672A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏宝宸净化设备有限公司 | Active carbon for normal-temperature deferred treatment of highly-active waste gas of pressurized water reactor nuclear power station |
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2013
- 2013-06-24 CN CN201310254987.5A patent/CN104226245A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4054427A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1977-10-18 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of recovering krypton and xenon nuclides from waste gases |
| CN102580672A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏宝宸净化设备有限公司 | Active carbon for normal-temperature deferred treatment of highly-active waste gas of pressurized water reactor nuclear power station |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 马明燮: "活性炭泄留床的应用", 《放射性废物管理(二)》 * |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |