CN104218645A - Lithium battery charger - Google Patents
Lithium battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN104218645A CN104218645A CN201410464559.XA CN201410464559A CN104218645A CN 104218645 A CN104218645 A CN 104218645A CN 201410464559 A CN201410464559 A CN 201410464559A CN 104218645 A CN104218645 A CN 104218645A
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- lithium battery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery charger. The lithium battery charger comprises a three-end voltage stabilizing integrated circuit, an optical coupler and a charging chip, a single-chip; the three-end voltage stabilizing integrated circuit comprises a power input end and a power output end; the optical coupler comprises a power input, a power output end, and an on-off control end; the charging chip comprises a power input end, a power output end and a charging state output end; the power input end of the three-end voltage stabilizing integrated circuit is connected with a power source; the power output end of the three-end voltage stabilizing integrated circuit is connected with the power input end of the optical coupler; the power output end of the optical coupler is connected with the power input end of the charging chip; the power output end of the charging chip is connected with a lithium battery; the on-off control end of the optical coupler is connected with the single-chip; the charging state output end of the charging chip is connected with the single-chip. Through the technical scheme of the invention, the disadvantages of overcharge and undercharge of the lithium battery can be overcome, and the service life of the lithium battery is further prolonged.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to battery boosting technology field, in particular to a kind of lithium battery charger.
Background technology:
Lithium cell charging, the mode difference realized due to charge controller causes its charging effect different.Much adopt the rapid charging of big current in the market, so as stopping not in time making battery hot after battery is full of, excessive overcharging can life-span of grievous injury battery.Also the charge controller of some low costs is had to adopt voltage compare method.Generally be charged to 90% just stop big current filling soon to prevent from overcharging, adopt the boost charge of small area analysis trickle.Usually, in order to make battery charge fully, easily causing and overcharging, battery is often hot (battery after charging phase obvious hot general remark battery overcharges) charging at the end to show as some charge controller.Often occur overcharging to battery and the shortcoming of charge less more and more can not meet the needs of people.The useful life of lithium battery and single cycle service time and charge maintenance process and service condition closely related.A good charge controller not only can be sufficient by electricity at short notice, and can also play certain maintenance effect to battery, repairs the memory effect caused due to improper use, and namely capacity declines (battery-active decline) phenomenon.Thus traditional common charge controller exists significantly not enough.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem solved by the invention: lithium cell charging, the mode realized due to charge controller is different, causes battery to occur overcharging the shortcoming with charge less, wherein, the excessive life-span overcharging meeting grievous injury battery.
The invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of lithium battery charger, comprise circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated, photo coupler, charging chip, single-chip microcomputer, described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated comprises power input, power output end, described photo coupler comprises power input, power output end, break-make control end, described charging chip comprises power input, power output end, charged state output, the power input of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated is connected with power supply, the power output end of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated is connected with the power input of photo coupler, the power output end of described photo coupler is connected with the power input of charging chip, the power output end of described charging chip is connected with lithium battery, the break-make control end of described photo coupler is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the charged state output of described charging chip is connected with single-chip microcomputer.
By technique scheme, first, single-chip microcomputer is by monitoring the output signal of charging chip with the connection of charged state output, when chip will complete charging, charged state output can send the pulse of some cycles, after single-chip microcomputer receive interruption, produce and interrupt, and use the counter of single-chip microcomputer to start counting, when next pulse arrives, in timer program, judge that the count value of single-chip microcomputer is whether about pulse period numerical value, if so, then single-chip microcomputer is by the connection power cutoff of the break-make control end with photo coupler.By technical solutions according to the invention, lithium battery can be overcome and occur overcharging the shortcoming with charge less, and then extend the useful life of lithium battery.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described lithium battery charger also comprises buzzer, and described buzzer is connected with single-chip microcomputer.When single-chip microcomputer leads to power cutoff, drive buzzer action simultaneously.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described lithium battery charger also comprises light-emitting diode one and light-emitting diode two, and described light-emitting diode one is connected with charging chip with light-emitting diode two, and described light-emitting diode two is connected with charged state output.Described light-emitting diode one is red Surface Mount light-emitting diode, represents that power supply is connected.Described light-emitting diode two is green Surface Mount light-emitting diode, represents charged state.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described lithium battery charger also comprises PNP triode, and described PNP triode is connected with charging chip.Wherein, PNP triode also can be substituted by PMOS transistor, and charging chip coordinates outside PNP or PMOS transistor can form complete single-lithium-battery electrolytic battery charger.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of lithium battery charger of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of a kind of lithium battery charger of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the pin figure of single-chip microcomputer in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the pin figure of the photo coupler in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the pinouts of the charging chip in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.
Symbol description in figure:
100-circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated;
200-optical coupler;
300-charging chip;
400-single-chip microcomputer;
500-buzzer;
D1-light-emitting diode; D3-light-emitting diode;
Q1-PNP triode;
800-lithium battery;
900-power supply.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of lithium battery charger, comprises circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated 100, optical coupler 200, charging chip 300, single-chip microcomputer 400, buzzer 500, light-emitting diode one D3 and light-emitting diode two D1, PNP triode Q1.
Described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated 100 selects LM7805.Described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated 100 comprises power input, power output end.
6N137 selected by described optical coupler 200.Described optical coupler 200 comprises power input, power output end, break-make control end.The internal structure of 6N137 optical coupler, pin are as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, Vcc is power input, and Vo is power output end, and Vf+ is break-make control end, and Vf-is earth terminal.
Described charging chip 300 selects MAX1898.Described charging chip 300 comprises power input, power output end, charged state output.The pin of MAX1898 as shown in Figure 5.Wherein, IN is power input, and CHG is charged state output, and BATT is power output end.The pin function of MAX1898 is as follows:
IN: transducer inputs, detects input voltage and electric current.
CHG:LED drive circuit.
EN/OK: logic level input permission/power supply input " good ".
ISET: Current adjustment.
CT: the charging interval of safety is arranged.
RSTRT: reset automatically control pin.
BATT: the positive pole of an order Li+.
GND: ground.
DRV: outer meeting resistance driver.
CS: current sensor inputs.
AT89C2051 selected by described single-chip microcomputer 400, and as shown in Figure 3, pin is described as follows:
VCC: supply power voltage.
GND: ground connection.
P0 mouth: P0 mouth is one 8 and leaks levels and to open a way two-way I/O mouth, every pin Absorbable rod 8TTL gate current.The pin first time of P1 mouth, when writing 1, is defined as high resistant input.P0 can be used in external program data storage, and it can be defined as the 8th of data/address.When FIASH programmes, P0 mouth is as true form input port, and when FIASH verifies, P0 exports true form, and now P0 outside must be driven high.
P1 mouth: P1 mouth is that an inside provides 8 of pull-up resistor two-way I/O mouths, P1 mouth buffer can receive and export 4TTL gate current.After P1 mouth pin write 1, be high by inner pull-up, can be used as inputting, P1 mouth by outside drop-down be low level time, by output current, this is the cause due to inner pull-up.When FLASH programming and verification, P1 mouth receives as the 8th bit address.
P2 mouth: P2 mouth is 8 two-way I/O mouths of an internal pull-up resistor, and P2 mouth buffer can receive, and export 4 TTL gate currents, when P2 mouth is by one writing, its pin is drawn high by internal pull-up resistor, and as input.And during therefore as input, the pin of P2 mouth is dragged down by outside, by output current.This is the cause due to inner pull-up.P2 mouth when being used for external program memory or 16 bit address external data memories access, the high eight-bit of P2 mouth OPADD.When providing address " 1 ", it utilizes inner pull-up advantage, and when reading and writing outside eight bit address data storages, P2 mouth exports the content of its special function register.P2 mouth receives high eight-bit address signal and control signal when FLASH programming and verification.
P3 mouth: P3 mouth pin is the two-way I/O mouth of 8 band internal pull-up resistor, can receive output 4 TTL gate currents.When after P3 mouth write " 1 ", they are high level by inner pull-up, and are used as input.As input, be low level because outside is drop-down, by output current (ILL), this is the cause due to pull-up to P3 mouth.
P3 mouth also can be used as some specific function mouths, as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
| Mouth pin | Alternative function |
| P3.0/RXD | (serial input mouth) |
| P3.1/TXD | (Serial output mouth) |
| P3.2/INT0 | (external interrupt 0) |
| P3.3/INT1 | (external interrupt 1) |
| P3.4T0 | (input of timer 0 outside) |
| P3.5T1 | (input of timer 1 outside) |
| P3.6/WR | (external data memory write gate) |
| P3.7/RD | (external data memory read gate) |
P3 mouth is simultaneously for flicker programming and programming verification receive number control signal.
RST: reset input.When oscillator reset device, the high level time of two machine cycles of RST pin be kept.ALE/PROG: when access external memory, the output level that address latch allows is used for the ground bit byte of latch address.During FLASH programming, this pin is for inputting programming pulse.At ordinary times, ALE end exports positive pulse signal with constant frequency period, and this frequency is 1/6 of oscillator frequency.Therefore it can be used as to the pulse of outside output or for timing object.However, it is to be noted that whenever being used as external data memory, an ALE pulse will be skipped.Forbid that as wanted the output of ALE can set to 0 on SFR8EH address.Now, ALE is only that ALE just works in execution MOVX, MOVC instruction.In addition, this pin is drawn high slightly.If microprocessor is forbidden at outside executing state ALE, set is invalid.
PSEN: the gating signal of external program memory.During by external program memory fetching, each machine cycle, twice PSEN was effective.But when access external data memory, this twice effective PSEN signal will not occur.
EA/VPP: when EA keeps low level, then no matter whether external program memory (0000H-FFFFH) during this period, have internal program memory.When noting cipher mode 1, internal lock is RESET by EA; When EA end keeps high level, internal program memory around here.During FLASH programming, this pin is also for applying 12V programming power supply (VPP).
XTAL1: the oppositely input of monofier and the input of internal clocking operating circuit.
XTAL2: the output carrying out self-reversal oscillator.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the power input of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated 100 is connected with power supply, the power output end of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated 100 is connected with the power input of optical coupler 200, the power output end of described optical coupler 200 is connected with the power input of charging chip 300, and the power output end of described charging chip 300 is connected with lithium battery.The break-make control end of described optical coupler 200 is held with the P1.2 of single-chip microcomputer 400 and is connected, and the charged state output of described charging chip 300 is held with the P3.2 of single-chip microcomputer 400 and is connected.Described buzzer 500 is held with the P1.3 of single-chip microcomputer 400 and is connected.Described light-emitting diode one D3 is connected with charging chip 300, and described light-emitting diode two D1 is connected with the charged state output of charging chip 300.Described PNP triode Q1 is connected with charging chip 300, and the base stage of described PNP triode Q1 is connected with pin DRV, and collector electrode is connected with pin BATT, and emitter is connected with pin CS.
Control with under peripheral Single-chip Controlling in the charged state that MAX1898 is built-in, charging process is divided into preliminary filling, 5 parts of filling soon, completely fill and report to the police.Below introduce respectively.
1. preliminary filling
After installing battery, connect input DC power, when charger detects battery by timer reset, thus enter preliminary filling process, charger charges the battery with 10% of charging quickly stream during this period, makes voltage, temperature return to normal shape body.
2. fill soon
Process of filling soon also claims constant current charge, and now charger charges to battery with continuous current.According to the charge rate of battery manufacturer recommends, the most selection standard charge rate of general lithium ion battery, is full of the time that battery needs 1 hours.During constant current charge, cell voltage will slowly rise, once cell voltage reaches set final voltage, constant current charge stops, rechargeable battery rapid decrement, and charging enters completely fills process.
3. completely fill
Completely filling in process, charging current decays gradually, until charge rate drops to below settings or completely fills time time-out, proceeds to top cut-off charging; Top cut-off charging time, charger with minimum rechargeable battery for battery makeup energy.Because charger has charging current to pass through the internal resistance of cell when detecting cell voltage and whether reaching final voltage, although completely fill with top cut-off charging process in charging current decline gradually, decrease the internal resistance of cell with other series resistances to the impact of current terminal voltage, but the pressure drop being connected on the resistance formation in charge circuit still has impact to the detection of battery final voltage, generally, the service time that can extend battery 5% ~ 10% with top termination charging is completely filled.
4. power-off
After battery is full of, the impulse level that the CHG pin of MAX1898 chip sends will be detected by single-chip microcomputer 400, causes the interruption of single-chip microcomputer 400, judges complete state of charging in interruption.Now, single-chip microcomputer 400 will control optical coupler 200 by P1.2 mouth, cut off the power supply of LM7805 to MAX1898 chip, thus will ensure the safety of chip and battery, also reduce power consumption simultaneously.
5. report to the police
After battery is full of, MAX1898 chip itself can send instruction to external light-emitting diode two, and light-emitting diode two can glimmer.But, for the sake of security, the output signal CHG of MAX1898 monitored by single-chip microcomputer 400, when MAX1898 will complete charging, this pin can send the pulse that the cycle is 4s, after the INT0 pin receive interruption of single-chip microcomputer 400, produce and interrupt, and use the T0 counter of single-chip microcomputer 400 to start counting, when next pulse arrives, in timer program, judge that whether the count value of single-chip microcomputer 400 is at about 4s, if, then by control P1.2 and P1.3 pin power cutoff, and cause buzzer 500 and report to the police, reminding user takes out battery in time.
Above content is only better embodiment of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a lithium battery charger, comprise circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated (100), optical coupler (200), charging chip (300), single-chip microcomputer (400), described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated (100) comprises power input, power output end, described optical coupler (200) comprises power input, power output end, break-make control end, described charging chip (300) comprises power input, power output end, charged state output, the power input of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated (100) is connected with power supply, the power output end of described circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated (100) is connected with the power input of optical coupler (200), the power output end of described optical coupler (200) is connected with the power input of charging chip (300), the power output end of described charging chip (300) is connected with lithium battery, it is characterized in that: the break-make control end of described optical coupler (200) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (400), the charged state output of described charging chip (300) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (400).
2. a kind of lithium battery charger as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise buzzer (500), and described buzzer (500) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (400).
3. a kind of lithium battery charger as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise light-emitting diode one (D3) and light-emitting diode two (D1), described light-emitting diode one (D3) is connected with charging chip (300) with light-emitting diode two (D1), and described light-emitting diode two (D1) is connected with charged state output.
4. a kind of lithium battery charger as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise PNP triode (Q1), and described PNP triode (Q1) is connected with charging chip (300).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410464559.XA CN104218645A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Lithium battery charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410464559.XA CN104218645A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Lithium battery charger |
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| CN104218645A true CN104218645A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN201410464559.XA Pending CN104218645A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Lithium battery charger |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105610230A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-05-25 | 河南科技大学 | Charger |
| CN112070971A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-11 | 广东贝林能源设备有限公司 | Oiling machine with multi-card identification and positioning information sending functions and method |
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| CN101604861A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-12-16 | 杨文锋 | Battery charge control circuit, charger and battery charging control method |
| CN101854071A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-10-06 | 沈阳和信恒实业有限公司 | Intelligent multi-stage constant current charger |
| CN201975834U (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-09-14 | 安徽省紫光照明科技有限公司 | Intelligent control charging device |
| CN102368627A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-03-07 | 天津银箭科技有限公司 | Intelligent general charger |
| CN204190415U (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery charger |
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2014
- 2014-09-12 CN CN201410464559.XA patent/CN104218645A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101604861A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-12-16 | 杨文锋 | Battery charge control circuit, charger and battery charging control method |
| CN101854071A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-10-06 | 沈阳和信恒实业有限公司 | Intelligent multi-stage constant current charger |
| CN201975834U (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-09-14 | 安徽省紫光照明科技有限公司 | Intelligent control charging device |
| CN102368627A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-03-07 | 天津银箭科技有限公司 | Intelligent general charger |
| CN204190415U (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery charger |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105610230A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-05-25 | 河南科技大学 | Charger |
| CN112070971A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-11 | 广东贝林能源设备有限公司 | Oiling machine with multi-card identification and positioning information sending functions and method |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |