CN104217368A - Geographical location feature characterization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geographical location feature characterization method which comprises the steps of index factor data acquisition and calculation, geographical location feature index calculation, geographical location feature sub-index calculation and geographical location feature index calculation. Compared with existing geographical location feature calculation and characterization technologies, a comprehensive assessment model is adopted in the method to perform comprehensive quantitative assessment on natural conditions, city and town development and traffic networks at regional geographical locations, the regional geographical location feature characterization can be achieved at different levels from different view points respectively, and the shortcomings of the existing geographical location feature characterization technologies during geographical national condition general investigation and monitoring of our country are overcome. By means of the technical scheme, the geographical location feature characterization method can be well at the service of geographical national condition statistic analysis work about to be implemented nationwide, and meanwhile a technical basis is provided for geographical national condition spatio-temporal data mining.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geographical national conditions statistical study and spatiotemporal data structure technical field, particularly relate to a kind of geological location characteristic present method.
Background technology
Geographical national conditions are the multiple natures such as topography and geomorphology, ground mulching, transportation network, Urban Distribution and Humane Factors Integrative expressions in macroscopic aspect, reflecting space-time characteristic on geographical space of National Nature resource, economic society and humanity and basic law, is the important component part of the fundamental realities of the country.
The difference of the thematic factor content that geographical national conditions are expressed according to it, can be divided into multiple topical content such as natural terrain, geological location and ecological cover to reflect the different aspect of geographical national conditions.Wherein, the spatial and temporal pattern of the physical geography national conditions key element such as the main reflecting regional landform of natural terrain, landforms, ground mulching and earth's surface general layout and variation characteristic; Geological location is the Natural Resources Environment of the main reflecting regional of the main angle from position, the spatial and temporal pattern of the area characteristic such as Urban Distribution and transportation network and variation characteristic then; The ecological then main angle from ecologic environment of covering is evaluated features such as the vegetative coverage in region, Wetland Area, biological abundance and land deteriorations and is characterized.
For grasping the geographical national conditions of China comprehensively, meet the decision requirements of social economy and conservation culture development, State Council proposes and carried out first time geographical national conditions generaI investigation in China in 2013 to 2015.The generaI investigation of geographical national conditions information, the carrying out collection to geospatial information, storage, visually propose requirements at the higher level with statistical study of monitoring and statistic analysis.The technology such as remote sensing technology, geographical information technology, global-positioning technology, parallel computing and spatiotemporal data structure are widely used in the collection of geographical national conditions element information, storage and statistical study.By carrying out the generaI investigation of geographical national conditions and monitoring, the information such as the locus in regional geography national conditions key element (arable land, field, highway, river, lake etc.), quantity and shape can be grasped accurately, timely.Geographical national conditions generaI investigation and monitoring are the prerequisites of geographical national conditions evaluation, representation and application, for the sign of geographical national conditions and decision-making application provide important data basis.
The propelling with follow-up work is completed along with whole nation first time geographical national conditions census test work, how to generally investigate and monitoring basic data based on geographical national conditions, in conjunction with necessary socioeconomic driving forces, the space distribution of the nature and society economic condition accurately, in objective, rational description regional man land system and combined state thereof, the quality of reflection geological location condition, the multi-level decision-making of service government, department and the public, has become the active demand of geographical national conditions generaI investigation Monitoring Result application.
Based on the practice of China's geography generaI investigation monitoring, the correlation technique of geographical national conditions evaluation and sign mainly can be divided into following several:
(1) based on the geographical national conditions vector graphics characterization technique of point, line, surface
Geographical national conditions generaI investigation Monitoring Data is concentrated, and the feature object that geographical national conditions are relevant is conceptualized as the geometric shapes such as point, line, surface and characterizes.As, expressway entrance and exit, school, hospital etc. are conceptualized as the Point element of band attribute; Highway, railway, rivers and canals are conceptualized as the Linear element with attribute; Lake, arable land, field, completed region of the city are conceptualized as the face key element being with attribute information.Locus, the shape that geographical national conditions key element can express geographical national conditions key element very in detail, specifically and is intuitively characterized with point, line, surface.Its shortcoming is mainly to lack and holds the entirety of regional geography national conditions information, as directly expressed the information such as area, length, number, density of all kinds of geographical national conditions key element in region.
(2) based on geographical national conditions evaluation and the characterization technique of tabulate statistics method
Tabulate statistics method is for objects of statistics with geographical national conditions generaI investigation/Monitoring Data, for different statistic units, according to the spatial shape feature of geographical national conditions entity, be divided into the geographical national conditions entity of point-like, the geographical national conditions entity of wire and the geographical national conditions entity of planar, using quantity, density, length, area, distance etc. as statistical indicator, carry out statistical study.Take administrative division as unit, the geographical national conditions tabulate statistics method of carrying out for objects of statistics with geographical national conditions key element and step are specifically shown in State Council's first time series technique specification of issuing of office of national geographical national conditions generaI investigation leading group, as the present invention, emphasis are not discussed.
On the whole, geographical national conditions characterization technique based on tabulate statistics method to a certain degree can the quantative attribute of the geographical national conditions key element of reflecting regional on the whole, as can be obtained cultivated area, field area, each length of grade road, the density etc. of school establishment within the scope of certain administrative area by tabulate statistics method.But existing two kinds of geographical national conditions characterization techniques all lack and carry out macroscopic evaluation and sign from the angle of position to aspects such as regional nature resource environment, town development and transportation conditions at present.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of geological location characteristic present method, for the follow-up achievement statistical study of geographical national conditions generaI investigation monitoring, data mining establish technical foundation with application work, geographical national conditions generaI investigation Monitoring Result is advanced to serve regional development level of decision-making.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of geological location characteristic present method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: determine scope and the statistic unit that will carry out geological location characteristic present;
Step 2: evaluate and the index system characterized according to geological location characteristic synthetic, collect the evaluation index factor data of each evaluation unit, and calculate, obtain the value of the indices factor, the described indices factor comprises topographic index, landforms index, cultivated area, field area, grassland area, water surface area, construction land area, vegetation coverage, network of rivers density, Land degradation degree, biological abundance, environmental quality, population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale, cities and towns GDP per capita, aviation, highway, railway, harbour, external network of communication lines ring degree, external traffic network point rate, external network of communication lines Connected degree, town road density, town road area occupation ratio, town road area per capita, urban traffic net ring degree, urban traffic netting twine point rate, urban traffic net Connected degree, highway density, backroad density, rural area sclerosis road ratio,
Step 3: on the basis of index factor data acquisition and result of calculation, standardization is carried out to each index factor data, makes the interval of all desired values between 1-100;
Step 4: calculate geological location characteristic index value; Described geological location characteristic index comprises geographic and geomorphic conditions, ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree, environmental ecology quality degree, cities and towns potential degree, cities and towns aggregation degree, the external traffic convenience in cities and towns degree, the sensible degree in urban traffic, inter-city transportation network growth degree;
Step 5: the value calculating every subindex of the geological location characteristic present in each statistic unit; Described every subindex comprises natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex, Traffic area location subindex;
Step 6: calculate the geological location index of each statistic unit for characterizing the geological location feature of each unit.
As preferably, the scope of the geological location characteristic present described in step 1 refer to county and administrative area above county level or specific basin, urban agglomeration, group of cities, economy-zone on regional space in flakes, a region closing.
As preferably, the statistic unit described in step 1 is administrative division unit at different levels mainly, comprises small towns, street, district, is the base unit of geographical national conditions evaluation and sign.
As preferably, the computing method of the topographic index described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain elevation maximal value, minimum value and the mean value in each statistic unit, obtain liptical projection area and the surface area of each statistic unit simultaneously;
Its specific implementation process is: first calculate topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut; Wherein,
Topographic relief amplitude computing formula is: topographic relief amplitude=H
maximum-H
minimum; In formula, H
maximumrepresent Maximum Elev in statistic unit, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in statistic unit, unit is rice;
The computing formula of roughness of ground surface is:
in formula, S
bentrepresent ground table unit surface area, S
throwrepresent earth's surface cell projection area;
The computing formula of earth's surface depth of cut is: earth's surface depth of cut=H
all-H
minimum; In formula, H
allrepresent sea level on the average in region, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in region, unit is rice;
Then the dispersed elevation of each statistic unit, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut 4 indexs are carried out standardization, make the value of 4 indexs be between 1-100; Its standardized method is as follows:
Wherein: f
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, t
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, T is the maximal value of this index each unit in scope of statistics;
Finally calculate the topographic index in each statistic unit, computing formula is as follows:
Topographic index=W1 × f
ele+ W2 × f
tA+ W3 × f
tR+ W4 × f
tP;
The wherein weight of W1, W2, W3, W4 difference corresponding dispersed elevation, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut index, span is (0-100); f
elefor the dispersed elevation desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tAfor the topographic relief amplitude desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tRfor the roughness of ground surface desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tPfor the earth's surface depth of cut desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization.
As preferably, the weight described in step 2 adopts Delphi approach (expert graded) or analytical hierarchy process (AHP method) to determine.
As preferably, the weight described in step 2, it is got 10, W2 with reference to weighted value: W1 and gets 30, W3 and get 40, W4 and get 20.
As preferably, the computing method of the landforms index described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area ratio in each statistic unit shared by Plain, hills, mountain region, plateau and basin, the landforms formula of index of each statistic unit is:
Landforms index=(1 × f
plain+ 0.8 × f
basin+ 0.6 × f
hills-f
plateau-f
mountain region+ 1) × 50;
Wherein, f
plain, f
basin, f
hills, f
plateau, f
mountain regionrepresent the area ratio that various landforms are shared in statistic unit respectively, value is between 0-100%.
As preferably, the computing method of the cultivated area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the cultivated area in each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the forest land area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the forest land area in each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the grassland area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the grassland area in each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the water surface area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the water surface area in each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the construction land area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the construction land area in each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the vegetation coverage described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the arable land in each statistic unit, forest land, meadow, construction land, unused land and statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery vegetation coverage:
S in formula
woods, S
grass, S
plough, S
build, S
not, S
districtrepresent the area of forest land, meadow, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit respectively.
As preferably, the computing method of the network of rivers density described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of river length, storehouse, lake area and statistic unit in each statistic unit, simultaneously from the water resources quantity in this this region of acquisition of statistical yearbook, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery network of rivers density:
In formula, L
riverrepresent river length, S
districtrepresent region area, S
hu Kurepresent Hu Ku (coastal waters) area, Q
waterrepresent water resources quantity.
As preferably, the computing method of the Land degradation degree described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the slight erosion in each statistic unit, moderate erosion, the area of severe erosion areas and the area of statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery Land degradation degree:
In formula, S
gently, S
in, S
heavyand S
districtrepresent slight erosion area, moderate erosion area, severe erosion area and region area respectively.
As preferably, the computing method of the biological abundance described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the forest land in each statistic unit, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery biological abundance:
In formula, S
woods, S
grass, S
water, S
plough, S
build, S
buildand S
districtrepresent the area in forest land, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and region respectively.
As preferably, the computing method of the environmental quality described in step 2 are from the statistical yearbook or environment publication of evaluation region, obtain average annual rainfall amount, the SO2 emissions of each unit, COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) discharge capacity, solid waste discharge capacity; The area of each statistic unit is obtained, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery environmental quality indicators from geographical national conditions census data:
In formula, R
allrepresent the average annual rainfall amount in region,
represent the discharge capacity of sulphuric dioxide, T
cODrepresent the discharge capacity of COD, T
sOlrepresent solid waste discharge capacity, S
districtrepresent region area.
As preferably, the computing method of the population urbanization rate described in step 2 are from statistical yearbook, obtain the total population of each statistic unit and the quantity of urban population, the population urbanization rate according to each statistic unit of following formulae discovery:
As preferably, the computing method of the Urban Construction Land_use total area described in step 2 concentrate from geographical national conditions generaI investigation or Monitoring Data the Urban Construction Land_use total area obtaining each statistic unit.
As preferably, the computing method of the population scale described in step 2 are the urban population quantity obtaining each statistic unit from statistical yearbook.
As preferably, the computing method of the cities and towns GDP per capita described in step 2 are the cities and towns GDP per capitas obtaining each statistic unit from statistical yearbook.
As preferably, the computing method of the aviation described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the airline data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out in such a way composing and divide: the cities and towns having the international airport of more than 5 (containing 5) international airlines obtain 10 points, the cities and towns having the international airport of less than 5 international airlines obtain 8 points, the cities and towns having domestic main line airport obtain 6 points, and the cities and towns having domestic feeder route airport obtain 3 points; Judge whether cities and towns have airport and determine according to airport radiation scope (radius is 50 kilometers).
As preferably, the computing method of the highway described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway alignment data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out tax point in such a way: cities and towns often have one and go out population across inter-province expressway and obtain 5 points, often have one inside the province highway go out population and obtain 4 points, the national trunk highway often having a direction obtains 2 points, provincially obtains 1.5 points in line highway, country highway obtains 1 point, other highways obtain 0.5 point.
As preferably, the computing method of the railway described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the rail track data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out in such a way composing point: a public backbones railway obtains 6 points, region main line railway obtains 5 points, branch railway line obtains 4 points to have the cities and towns of railway website often to have, belong to cities and towns, place, first-class passenger station and add 4 points, belong to cities and towns, place, second-class passenger station and add 3 points, belong to cities and towns, second-class passenger station and add 2 points; A public backbones high ferro circuit obtains 8 points, region main line railway obtains 7 points, branch railway line obtains 5 points according to often having the cities and towns of high ferro website.
As preferably, the computing method at the harbour described in step 2 are the annual throughputs obtaining each harbour in statistic unit from statistical yearbook, and utilize following formula to be normalized into numerical value between 1-100:
Wherein: g
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, g
ufor the original traffic of a port desired value before statistic unit u standardization, T is this index maximum throughput at harbour in each unit in scope of statistics.
As preferably, the computing method of the external network of communication lines ring degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the external traffic network point rate described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the external network of communication lines Connected degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the town road density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the length of road network in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road density:
As preferably, the computing method of the town road area occupation ratio described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio:
As preferably, the computing method of the area of town road per capita described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in statistic unit; The cities and towns total population quantity in statistic unit is obtained, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio from statistical yearbook:
As preferably, the computing method of the urban traffic net ring degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the urban traffic netting twine point rate described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the urban traffic net Connected degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
As preferably, the computing method of the highway density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway data collection obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery highway density:
As preferably, the computing method of the backroad density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery backroad density:
As preferably, the computing method of the rural area sclerosis road ratio described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, add up the total length of backroad and the length of rural area sclerosis road respectively, according to following formulae discovery backroad sclerosis road ratio:
As preferably, carry out standardization to each index factor data described in step 3, its standardized method is:
Wherein: I
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, i
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, I is the Maximum Index value of this index each unit in scope of statistics.
As preferably, the computing method of the geographic and geomorphic conditions described in step 4 are,
Geographic and geomorphic conditions=w
landform× f
landform+ w
landforms× f
landforms;
In formula, f
landform, f
landformsrepresent Terrain indexes Summing Factor landforms index factor respectively, w
landform, w
landformsrepresent the weight of all kinds of subindex respectively.
As preferably, the weight of all kinds of subindex described in step 4, adopts Delphi approach, analytical hierarchy process obtains.
As preferably, the weight of all kinds of subindex described in step 4, w
landform=50, w
landforms=50.
As preferably, the computing method of the ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree described in step 4 are,
ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree=A
always× S
always+ A
class× (a
class 1× S
class 1+ a
class 2× S
class 2+ a
class 3× S
class 3)
A
always+ A
class=1, a
class 1+ a
class 2+ a
class 3=1
In formula, S
alwaysrepresent the standardization score value of the soil total area, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the evaluation unit total area and obtain (0-100); S
class 1represent the standardization score value of field, arable land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion obtain (0-100) according to the arable land of evaluation unit, the field total area; S
class 2represent the standardization score value of forest land, meadow, water surface area sum proportion, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the woods grass water area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); S
class 3represent the standardization score value of construction land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the construction land area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); A
always, A
classrepresent the weight of total area score value and production ecological land area score value respectively, a
class 2, a
class 2, a
class 3represent the weight of all kinds of production ecological land area score value.
As preferably, the weight described in step 4, adopts expert graded or weight analysis method to determine.
As preferably, the weight described in step 4, A
always=50, A
class=50; a
class 1=30, a
class 2=50, a
class 3=20.
As preferably, the computing method of the environmental ecology quality degree described in step 4 are obtained by vegetation coverage, network of rivers density, Land degradation degree, biological abundance, environmental quality 5 index weighted sums.
As preferably, the weight of each index described in step 4 is determined by expert graded or weight analysis method.
As preferably, the weight of each index described in step 4, vegetation coverage weight 20, network of rivers density weight 20, Land degradation degree weight 20, biological abundance weight 20, environmental quality weight 20.
As preferably, the computing method of the cities and towns potential degree described in step 4 adopt data fields theory to calculate according to cities and towns interaction principle, comprises the following steps:
1. obtain the construction land area in cities and towns in each unit, population and GDP index, and adopt maximal value standardized method, be normalized between (0-100); On this basis, above-mentioned three indexs are utilized, weighted calculation cities and towns size of synthesis index (0-100), for reflecting the scale in each cities and towns; Cities and towns size of synthesis index=w
construction land area× S
construction land area+ w
population× S
population+ w
gDP× S
gDP;
In formula: w
construction land area, w
population, w
gDPrepresent the weight of construction land area, population and GDP index respectively, S
construction land area, S
populationand S
gDPrepresent construction land area, population and the GDP desired value after standardization respectively;
2. according to city integrated scaled index, consider cities and towns influence power, cities and towns are divided into several ranks;
3. the radius of action in each grade cities and towns is calculated:
in formula, r
irepresent i-th grade of cities and towns radius of action, s represents the total area of geological location comprehensive evaluation scope, n
irepresent total number in i-th grade and above grade cities and towns;
4. according to following formula, calculate the impact of each cities and towns on other cities and towns and divide;
In formula, E
ijrepresent that i-th impact of cities and towns on a jth cities and towns divides, S
ibe the scaled index in i-th cities and towns, D
ibe the radius of action in i-th cities and towns, d
ijfor the distance between i, j two cities and towns;
5. calculate the potential in cities and towns, the potential of cities and towns i gets the maximal value of dividing its impact in other all cities and towns;
In formula, E
jirepresent that the impact of a jth cities and towns on i-th cities and towns divides, E
ibe the potential in i-th cities and towns, N is the sum in cities and towns.
As preferably, the weight of each index described in step 4 utilizes Delphi method or analytical hierarchy process to determine.
As preferably, the weight of each index described in step 4: construction land area 30 points, population 30 points, GDP40 divides.
As preferably, described in step 4, cities and towns are divided into several ranks, wherein the cities and towns of scaled index more than 80 points are divided into 1 grade, 60-80 is divided into 2 grades, and 40-60 is divided into 3 grades, and less than 40 points is 4 grades.
As preferably, the computing method of the cities and towns aggregation degree described in step 4 are based on population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale, cities and towns GDP per capita index factor, adopt the method for multiple-factor weighted sum to calculate cities and towns concentration class, formula is as follows:
Cities and towns aggregation degree=w
b0201× S
b0201+ w
b0202× S
b0202+ w
b0203× S
b0203+ w
b0204× S
b0204;
In formula: w
b0201, w
b0202, w
b0203, w
b0204represent the weight of population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale and cities and towns GDP per capita index factor respectively, S
b0201, S
b0202, S
b0203, S
b0204represent population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale and the cities and towns GDP per capita desired value after standardization respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
b0201, w
b0202, w
b0203, w
b0204determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
b0201=0.25, w
b0202=0.25, w
b0203=0.25, w
b0204=0.25.
As preferably, the external traffic convenience=w in the cities and towns described in step 4
c0101× S
c0101+ w
c0102× S
c0102+ w
c0103× S
c0103+ w
c0104× S
c0104++ w
c0105× S
c0105++ w
c0106× S
c0106+ w
c0107× S
c0107;
In formula: w
c0101, w
c0102, w
c0103, w
c0104, w
c0105, w
c0106, w
c0107represent aviation, highway, railway respectively, the weight at harbour, externally network of communication lines ring degree, externally traffic network point rate, externally network of communication lines Connected degree index factor, S
c0101, S
c0102, S
c0103, S
c0104, S
c0105, S
c0106, S
c0107desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0101, w
c0102, w
c0103, w
c0104, w
c0105, w
c0106, w
c0107determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0101=0.1, w
c0102=0.2, w
c0103=0.2, w
c0104=0.1, w
c0105=0.1, w
c0106=0.1, w
c0107=0.2.
As preferably, the urban traffic facility=w described in step 4
c0201× S
c0201+ w
c0202× S
c0202+ w
c0203× S
c0203+ w
c0204× S
c0204++ w
c0205× S
c0205++ w
c0206× S
c0206;
In formula: w
c0201, w
c0202, w
c0203, w
c0204, w
c0205, w
c0206represent the weight of town road density, town road area occupation ratio, per capita town road area, urban traffic net ring degree, urban traffic netting twine point rate, urban traffic net Connected degree index factor respectively, S
c0201, S
c0202, S
c0203, S
c0204, S
c0205, S
c0206desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0201, w
c0202, w
c0203, w
c0204, w
c0205, w
c0206determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0201=0.3, w
c0202=0.2, w
c0203=0.2, w
c0204=0.1, w
c0205=0.1, w
c0206=0.1.
As preferably, the inter-city transportation network growth degree=w described in step 4
c0301× S
c0301+ w
c0302× S
c0302+ w
c0303× S
c0303;
In formula: w
c0301, w
c0302, w
c0303represent the weight of highway density, backroad density and the rural area sclerosis road ratio indicator factor respectively, S
c0301, S
c0302, S
c0303desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0301, w
c0302, w
c0303by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process true.
As preferably, the w described in step 4
c0301=0.4, w
c0302=0.4, w
c0303=0.2.
As preferably, the natural location subindex=w described in step 5
a01× S
a01+ w
a02× S
a02+ w
a03× S
a03;
In formula: w
a01, w
a02, w
a03represent the weight of geographic and geomorphic conditions, ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree and environmental ecology quality degree index respectively, S
a01, S
a02, S
a03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
a01, w
a02, w
a03determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
a01=0.25, w
a02=0.35, w
a03=0.4.
As preferably, position, the cities and towns subindex=w described in step 5
b01× S
b01+ w
b02× S
b02;
In formula: w
b01, w
b02represent the weight of cities and towns potential degree and cities and towns aggregation degree index respectively, S
b01, S
b02desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
b01, w
b02determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
b01=0.5, w
b02=0.5.
As preferably, the Traffic area location subindex=w described in step 5
c01× S
c01+ w
c02× S
c02+ w
c03× S
c03;
In formula: w
c01, w
c02, w
c03represent the weight of the external traffic convenience in cities and towns degree, the sensible degree in urban traffic and inter-city transportation network growth degree index respectively, S
c01, S
c02, S
c03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
c01, w
c02, w
c03determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 5
c01=0.4, w
c02=0.3, w
c03=0.3.
As preferably, the geological location index=f described in step 6
from× w
from+ f
city× w
city+ f
hand over× w
hand over;
Wherein, f
from, f
city, f
hand overbe respectively the value of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex, w
from, w
city, w
hand overrepresent the weight of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex respectively.
As preferably, the w described in step 6
from, w
city, w
hand overdetermined by Delphi approach or analytical hierarchy process.
As preferably, the w described in step 6
from=0.2, w
city=0.4, w
hand over=0.4.
Relative to existing geological location feature calculation and characterization technique, the present invention uses Integrated Evaluation Model to carry out comparatively comprehensively qualitative assessment to the natural conditions in regional geography position, town development and transportation network, the sign that can realize regional geography area characteristic respectively from different levels, different angles, overcomes the deficiency of the geographical national conditions generaI investigation of current China and geological location characteristic present technology in monitoring.The technical scheme that the present invention proposes better can be served and is about to carry out geographical national conditions statistic analysis in China, is also the technical foundation towards geographical national conditions spatiotemporal data structure simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that exemplifying embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Theoretical foundation of the present invention is as follows:
(1) Multifactor Comprehensive Evaluation model
Multifactor Comprehensive Evaluation model is the influence and effect intensity by system, all kinds of factor of analysis synthetically and factor pair regional geography area characteristic, and then carries out system, comprehensive evaluation based on the geological location feature of quantitative method to evaluation region.The guiding theory of Multifactor Comprehensive Evaluation model is the reason from geological location, range of influence feature, takes by the evaluation method of reason to result.Adopt Multifactor Comprehensive Evaluation model, the committed step of the evaluation region geological location feature of system ensemble is how scientific and rationally to determine assessment indicator system.
(2) geological location characteristic evaluating Index System Design principle
Based on the ultimate principle of Multifactor Comprehensive Evaluation model, the cardinal rule building the index system of facing area geological location comprehensive evaluation and sign is as follows:
1, based on geographical national conditions generaI investigation and Monitoring Data.Regional geography position comprehensive evaluation is that geographical national conditions are generally investigated and the important component part of monitoring with characterizing.Geographical national conditions generaI investigation and monitoring are that the general data of geological location comprehensive evaluation and sign is originated.Therefore, geological location comprehensive evaluation also with the Data Source of the evaluation index designed by sign must be generally investigated by geographical national conditions and based on Monitoring Data, ensure that the index of design can obtain, have feasibility.
2, there is temporal and spatial orientation feature.Geological location, district has space characteristics and temporal feature simultaneously, shows space-time dynamic characteristic.Regional geography area characteristic has the change that can monitor within year or some years, can the temporal and spatial orientation situation of reflecting regional geological location and variation tendency by time series analysis.
3, comprehensive analysis and leading factor analysis combine.Geographical national conditions have high integrity.The evaluation of geological location comprehensive evaluation and sign needs to consider that many index carries out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING.But should be noted that the index forming specific geographic national conditions may not be of equal importance, needing Consideration importance to carry out choosing or rationally determining weight when calculating.
(3) geological location Design of index system for comprehensive evaluation scheme
Based on mentioned above principle, build regional geography position comprehensive evaluation and characteristic index system scheme following 1 from the natural location in region, position, cities and towns and Traffic area location three aspect, table internal bracket is interior is the coding of each index:
Table 1 geological location characteristic synthetic is evaluated and characteristic index system
Ask for an interview Fig. 1, flow process of the present invention is:
One, scope and the statistic unit that will carry out geological location characteristic present is determined.Wherein, institute's how generally refer to county and administrative area above county level or specific basin, urban agglomeration, group of cities, economy-zone etc. on regional space in flakes, a region closing; The usual mainly administrative division unit at different levels of statistic unit, as small towns, street, district etc., is the base unit of geographical national conditions evaluation and sign.
Two, evaluate and the index system characterized according to geological location characteristic synthetic, collect the evaluation index factor data of each evaluation unit, and calculate, obtain the value of the indices factor.According to assessment indicator system design, data acquisition and the computing method of the indices factor are as follows:
(1) topographic index (A0101), according to the coding of statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain elevation maximal value, minimum value and the mean value in each statistic unit, obtain liptical projection area and the surface area of each statistic unit simultaneously.The computing method of topographic index are as follows:
1. topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut is calculated.Wherein, topographic relief amplitude computing formula is:
Topographic relief amplitude=H
maximum-H
minimum
In formula, H
maximumrepresent Maximum Elev in statistic unit, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in statistic unit, unit is rice.
The computing formula of roughness of ground surface is:
In formula, S
bentrepresent ground table unit surface area, S
throwrepresent earth's surface cell projection area.
The computing formula of earth's surface depth of cut is:
Earth's surface depth of cut=H
all-H
minimum
In formula, H
allrepresent sea level on the average in region, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in region, unit is rice.
2. the dispersed elevation of each statistic unit, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut 4 indexs are carried out standardization, make the value of 4 indexs be between 1-100.Standardized method is as follows:
Wherein: f
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, t
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, T is the maximal value of this index each unit in scope of statistics.
2. landforms index is calculated.Calculate the topographic index in each statistic unit, computing formula is as follows:
Topographic index=W1 × f
ele+ W2 × f
tA+ W3 × f
tR+ W4 × f
tP
The wherein weight of W1-W4 difference corresponding dispersed elevation, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut index, span is (0-100).F
elefor the dispersed elevation desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tAfor the topographic relief amplitude desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tRfor the roughness of ground surface desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tPfor the earth's surface depth of cut desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization;
Weight generally can adopt Delphi approach (expert graded) or analytical hierarchy process (AHP method) to determine.Also can adopt and provided by the inventionly get 10, W2 with reference to weighted value: W1 and get 30, W3 and get 40, W4 and get 20.
(2) landforms index (A0102), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the area ratio in each statistic unit shared by Plain, hills, mountain region, plateau and basin from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.Landforms index according to each statistic unit of following formulae discovery:
Landforms index=(1 × f
plain+ 0.8 × f
basin+ 0.6 × f
hills-f
plateau-f
mountain region+ 1) × 50
Wherein, f
plain, f
basin, f
hills, f
plateau, f
mountain regionrepresent the area ratio that various landforms are shared in statistic unit respectively, value is between 0-100%.
(3) cultivated area (A0201), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the cultivated area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(4) field area (A0202), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the field area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(5) forest land area (A0203), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the forest land area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(6) grassland area (A0204), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the grassland area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(7) water surface area (A0205), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the water surface area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(8) construction land area (A0206), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the construction land area in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.
(9) vegetation coverage (A0301), according to the coding of statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the arable land in each statistic unit, forest land, meadow, construction land, unused land and statistic unit.With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery vegetation coverage:
S in formula
woods, S
grass, S
plough, S
build, S
not, S
districtrepresent the area of forest land, meadow, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit respectively.
(10) network of rivers density (A0302), according to the coding of statistic unit, directly obtains the area of river length, storehouse, lake area and statistic unit in each statistic unit from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated.Simultaneously from the water resources quantity in this this region of acquisition of statistical yearbook, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery network of rivers density:
In formula, L
riverrepresent river length, S
districtrepresent region area, Hu Ku represents Hu Ku (coastal waters) area, Q
waterrepresent water resources quantity.
(11) Land degradation degree (A0303), according to the coding of statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the slight erosion in each statistic unit, moderate erosion, the area of severe erosion areas and the area of statistic unit.With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery Land degradation degree:
In formula, S
gently, S
in, S
heavyand S
districtrepresent slight erosion area, moderate erosion area, severe erosion area and region area respectively.
(12) biological abundance (A0304), according to the coding of statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the forest land in each statistic unit, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit.With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery biological abundance:
In formula, S
woods, S
grass, S
water, S
plough, S
build, S
buildand S
districtrepresent the area in forest land, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and region respectively.
(13) environmental quality (A0305).From the statistical yearbook or environment publication of evaluation region, obtain average annual rainfall amount, the SO2 emissions of each unit, COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) discharge capacity, solid waste discharge capacity.The area of each statistic unit is obtained, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery environmental quality indicators from geographical national conditions census data:
In formula, R
allrepresent the average annual rainfall amount in region,
represent the discharge capacity of sulphuric dioxide, T
cODrepresent the discharge capacity of COD, T
solrepresent solid waste discharge capacity, S
districtrepresent region area.
(14) population urbanization rate (B0201), obtains the total population of each statistic unit and the quantity of urban population from statistical yearbook, the population urbanization rate according to each statistic unit of following formulae discovery:
(15) the Urban Construction Land_use total area (B0202), directly concentrates from geographical national conditions generaI investigation or Monitoring Data the Urban Construction Land_use total area obtaining each statistic unit.
(16) population scale (B0203), directly obtains the urban population quantity of each statistic unit from statistical yearbook.
(17) cities and towns GDP per capita (B0204), directly obtains the cities and towns GDP per capita of each statistic unit from statistical yearbook.
(18) aviation (C0101), geographical national conditions generaI investigation concentrates with Monitoring Data the airline data set obtained in each statistic unit, carry out in such a way composing and divide: the cities and towns having the international airport of more than 5 (containing 5) international airlines obtain 10 points, the cities and towns having the international airport of less than 5 international airlines obtain 8 points, the cities and towns having domestic main line airport obtain 6 points, and the cities and towns having domestic feeder route airport obtain 3 points; Judge whether cities and towns have airport and determine according to airport radiation scope (radius is 50 kilometers).
(19) highway (C0102), concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway alignment data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out tax point in such a way: cities and towns often have one and go out population across inter-province expressway and obtain 5 points, often have one inside the province highway go out population and obtain 4 points, the national trunk highway often having a direction obtains 2 points, provincially obtains 1.5 points in line highway, country highway obtains 1 point, other highways obtain 0.5 point;
(20) railway (C0103), concentrate with Monitoring Data the rail track data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out in such a way composing point: a public backbones railway obtains 6 points, region main line railway obtains 5 points, branch railway line obtains 4 points a) to have the cities and towns of railway website often to have, belong to cities and towns, place, first-class passenger station and add 4 points, belong to cities and towns, place, second-class passenger station and add 3 points, belong to cities and towns, second-class passenger station and add 2 points; A public backbones high ferro circuit obtains 8 points, region main line railway obtains 7 points, branch railway line obtains 5 points according to often having the cities and towns of high ferro website.
(21) harbour (C0104), obtains the annual throughput at each harbour in statistic unit from statistical yearbook, and utilizes following formula to be normalized into numerical value between 1-100:
Wherein: g
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, g
ufor the original traffic of a port desired value before statistic unit u standardization, T is this index maximum throughput at harbour in each unit in scope of statistics.
(22) external network of communication lines ring degree (C0105), concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(23) external traffic network point rate (C0106), concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(24) external network of communication lines Connected degree (C0107), concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(25) town road density (C0201), concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the length of road network in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road density:
(26) town road area occupation ratio (C0202), concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio:
(27) town road area (C0203) per capita, concentrates with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in statistic unit; The cities and towns total population quantity in statistic unit is obtained, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio from statistical yearbook:
(28) urban traffic net ring degree (C0204), concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(29) urban traffic netting twine point rate (C0205), concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(30) urban traffic net Connected degree (C0206), concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c).According to following formulae discovery desired value:
(31) highway density (C0301), concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway data collection obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery highway density:
(32) backroad density (C0302), concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery backroad density:
(33) rural area sclerosis road ratio (C0303), concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, add up the total length of backroad and the length of rural area sclerosis road respectively, according to following formulae discovery backroad sclerosis road ratio:
Three, on the basis of index factor data acquisition and result of calculation, standardization is carried out to each index factor data, makes the interval of all desired values between 1-100.Standardized method is:
Wherein: I
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, i
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, I is the Maximum Index value of this index each unit in scope of statistics.
Four, adopt following methods, calculate each finger target value.
(1) geographic and geomorphic conditions (A01),
Geographic and geomorphic conditions=w
landform× f
landform+ w
landforms× f
landforms
In formula, f
landform, f
landformsrepresent Terrain indexes Summing Factor landforms index factor respectively, w
landform, w
landformsrepresent the weight of all kinds of subindex respectively, Delphi approach can be adopted, analytical hierarchy process obtains, the weight configuration that the present invention also can be used to recommend, w
landform=50, w
landforms=50.
(2) ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree (A02), its computing formula is:
ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree=A
always× S
always+ A
class× (a
class 1× S
class 1+ a
class 2× S
class 2+ a
class 3× S
class 3)
A
always+ A
class=1, a
class 1+ a
class 2+ a
class 3=1
In formula, S
alwaysrepresent the standardization score value of the soil total area, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the evaluation unit total area and obtain (0-100); S
class 1represent the standardization score value of field, arable land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion obtain (0-100) according to the arable land of evaluation unit, the field total area; S
class 2represent the standardization score value of forest land, meadow, water surface area sum proportion, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the woods grass water area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); S
class 3represent the standardization score value of construction land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the construction land area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); A
always, A
classrepresent the weight of total area score value and production ecological land area score value respectively, expert graded or weight analysis method can be adopted to determine, also can use the configuration that the present invention recommends: A
always=50, A
class=50; a
class 2, a
class 2, a
class 3represent the weight of all kinds of production ecological land area score value, expert graded or weight analysis method can be adopted to determine, also can use the configuration a that the present invention recommends
class 1=30, a
class 2=50, a
class 3=20.
(3) environmental ecology quality degree (A03), by vegetation coverage (A0301), network of rivers density (A0302), Land degradation degree (A0303), biological abundance (A0304), environmental quality (A0305), 5 index weighted sums obtain.The weight of each index is determined by expert graded or weight analysis method, also can use the configuration that the present invention recommends: vegetation coverage weight 20, network of rivers density weight 20, Land degradation degree weight 20, biological abundance weight 20, environmental quality weight 20.
(4) cities and towns potential degree (B01), adopts data fields theory to calculate according to cities and towns interaction principle.Comprise the following steps:
1. obtain the indexs such as the construction land area in cities and towns in each unit, population and GDP, and adopt maximal value standardized method, be normalized between (0-100).On this basis, above-mentioned three indexs are utilized, weighted calculation cities and towns size of synthesis index (0-100), for reflecting the scale in each cities and towns.The weight of each index can utilize Delphi method or analytical hierarchy process to determine, also can use the weight that the present invention recommends: construction land area 30 points, and population 30 points, GDP40 divides.
Cities and towns size of synthesis index=w
construction land area× S
construction land area+ w
population× S
population+ w
gDP× S
gDP
In formula: w
construction land area, w
population, w
gDPrepresent the weight of construction land area, population and GDP index respectively, S
construction land area, S
populationand S
gDPrepresent construction land area, population and the GDP desired value after standardization respectively.
2. according to city integrated scaled index, consider cities and towns influence power, cities and towns are divided into several ranks, such as, the cities and towns of scaled index more than 80 points are divided into 1 grade, and 60-80 is divided into 2 grades, and 40-60 is divided into 3 grades, and less than 40 points is 4 grades.
3. the radius of action in each grade cities and towns is calculated:
in formula, r
irepresent i-th grade of cities and towns radius of action, s represents the total area of geological location comprehensive evaluation scope, n
irepresent total number in i-th grade and above grade cities and towns.
1. according to following formula, calculate the impact of each cities and towns on other cities and towns and divide.
In formula, E
ijrepresent that i-th impact of cities and towns on a jth cities and towns divides, S
ibe the scaled index in i-th cities and towns, D
ibe the radius of action in i-th cities and towns, d
ijfor the distance between i, j two cities and towns.
2. the potential in cities and towns is calculated.The potential of cities and towns i gets the maximal value of dividing its impact in other all cities and towns.
In formula, E
jirepresent that the impact of a jth cities and towns on i-th cities and towns divides, E
ibe the potential in i-th cities and towns, N is the sum in cities and towns.
(5) cities and towns aggregation degree (B02), based on population urbanization rate (B0201), the Urban Construction Land_use total area (B0202), population scale (B0203), cities and towns GDP per capita (B0204) index factor, adopt the method for multiple-factor weighted sum to calculate cities and towns concentration class, formula is as follows:
Cities and towns aggregation degree=w
b0201× S
b0201+ w
b0202× S
b0202+ w
b0203× S
b0203+ w
b0204
×S
B0204
In formula: w
b0201, w
b0202, w
b0203, w
b0204represent population urbanization rate respectively, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, the weight of population scale and cities and towns GDP per capita index factor, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
b0201=0.25, w
b0202=0.25, w
b0203=0.25, w
b0204=0.25; S
b0201, S
b0202, S
b0203, S
b0204represent population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale and the cities and towns GDP per capita desired value after standardization respectively.
(6) the external traffic convenience degree (C01) in cities and towns, adopts the external traffic convenience in following formulae discovery cities and towns degree: the external traffic convenience in cities and towns
＝w
C0101×S
C0101+w
C0102×S
C0102+w
C0103×S
C0103+w
C0104
×S
C0104++w
C0105×S
C0105++w
C0106×S
C0106+w
C0107×S
C0107
In formula: w
c0101, w
c0102, w
c0103, w
c0104, w
c0105, w
c0106, w
c0107represent aviation respectively, highway, railway, harbour, external network of communication lines ring degree, external traffic network point rate, the weight of external network of communication lines Connected degree index factor, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
c0101=0.1, w
c0102=0.2, w
c0103=0.2, w
c0104=0.1, w
c0105=0.1, w
c0106=0.1, w
c0107=0.2; S
c0101, S
c0102, S
c0103, S
c0104, S
c0105, S
c0106, S
c0107desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
(7) the sensible degree in urban traffic (C02), adopts following formulae discovery urban traffic Discussing Convenience:
Urban traffic facility=w
c0201× S
c0201+ w
c0202× S
c0202+ w
c0203× S
c0203+ w
c0204
×S
C0204++w
C0205×S
C0205++w
C0206×S
C0206
In formula: w
c0201, w
c0202, w
c0203, w
c0204, w
c0205, w
c0206represent town road density respectively, town road area occupation ratio, town road area per capita, urban traffic net ring degree, urban traffic netting twine point rate, the weight of urban traffic net Connected degree index factor, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
c0201=0.3, w
c0202=0.2, w
c0203=0.2, w
c0204=0.1, w
c0205=0.1, w
c0206=0.1; S
c0201, S
c0202, S
c0203, S
c0204, S
c0205, S
c0206desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
(8) inter-city transportation network growth degree (C03), adopts following formulae discovery inter-city transportation network growth degree: inter-city transportation network growth degree=w
c0301× S
c0301+ w
c0302× S
c0302+ w
c0303× S
c0303
In formula: w
c0301, w
c0302, w
c0303represent highway density respectively, the weight of backroad density and the rural area sclerosis road ratio indicator factor, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
c0301=0.4, w
c0302=0.4, w
c0303=0.2; S
c0301, S
c0302, S
c0303desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
Five, adopt following methods, calculate the value of every subindex of the geological location characteristic present in each statistic unit.
(1) natural location subindex (A), on each statistic unit basis that indices calculates in completing steps four, utilizes the natural location index of each unit of following formulae discovery:
Natural location subindex=w
a01× S
a01+ w
a02× S
a02+ w
a03× S
a03
In formula: w
a01, w
a02, w
a03represent geographic and geomorphic conditions respectively, the weight of ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree and environmental ecology quality degree index, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
a01=0.25, w
a02=0.35, w
a03=0.4; S
a01, S
a02, S
a03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
Natural location subindex can realize evaluating regional nature position, the natural location feature in concentrated expression region, and its span is 0-100, and exponential quantity is larger, then show that the natural location in this region is more excellent.
(2) position, cities and towns subindex (B), on each statistic unit basis that indices calculates in completing steps four, utilizes the cities and towns location index of each unit of following formulae discovery:
Position, cities and towns subindex=w
b01× S
b01+ w
b02× S
b02
In formula: w
b01, w
b02represent the weight of cities and towns potential degree and cities and towns aggregation degree index respectively, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
b01=0.5, w
b02=0.5; S
b01, S
b02desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
Position, cities and towns subindex can realize evaluating Towns in a certain region position, the cities and towns area characteristic in concentrated expression region, and its span is 0-100, and exponential quantity is larger, then show that the position, cities and towns in this region is more excellent.
(3) Traffic area location subindex (C), on each statistic unit basis that indices calculates in completing steps four, utilizes the Traffic area location index of each unit of following formulae discovery:
Traffic area location subindex=w
c01× S
c01+ w
c02× S
c02+ w
c03× S
c03
In formula: w
c01, w
c02, w
c03represent the external traffic convenience degree in cities and towns respectively, the weight of the sensible degree in urban traffic and inter-city transportation network growth degree index, can be determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, the configuration that also can directly adopt technical solution of the present invention to recommend: w
c01=0.4, w
c02=0.3, w
c03=0.3; S
c01, S
c02, S
c03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
Traffic area location subindex can realize evaluating regional traffic position, the Traffic area location feature in concentrated expression region, and its span is 0-100, and exponential quantity is larger, then show that the Traffic area location in this region is more excellent.
Six, adopting following formula, calculating the geological location index of each statistic unit for characterizing the geological location feature of each unit.
Geological location index=f
from× w
from+ f
city× w
city+ f
hand over× w
hand over
Wherein, f
from, f
city, f
hand overbe respectively the value of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex, w
from, w
city, w
hand overrepresent the weight of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex respectively.Weight can adopt the method such as Delphi approach, analytical hierarchy process to calculate, the weight configuration that technical solution of the present invention also can be used to recommend: w
from=0.2, w
city=0.4, w
hand over=0.4.
Geological location index can the comparatively comprehensively regional conditions of reflecting regional and feature, and its span is between 0-100, and geological location exponential quantity is larger, then show that the geological location of this statistic unit is better.
Should be understood that, the part that this instructions does not elaborate all belongs to prior art.
Should be understood that; the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is comparatively detailed; therefore the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention can not be thought; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that the claims in the present invention protect; can also make and replacing or distortion, all fall within protection scope of the present invention, request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (29)
1. a geological location characteristic present method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determine scope and the statistic unit that will carry out geological location characteristic present;
Step 2: evaluate and the index system characterized according to geological location characteristic synthetic, collect the evaluation index factor data of each evaluation unit, and calculate, obtain the value of the indices factor, the described indices factor comprises topographic index, landforms index, cultivated area, field area, grassland area, water surface area, construction land area, vegetation coverage, network of rivers density, Land degradation degree, biological abundance, environmental quality, population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale, cities and towns GDP per capita, aviation, highway, railway, harbour, external network of communication lines ring degree, external traffic network point rate, external network of communication lines Connected degree, town road density, town road area occupation ratio, town road area per capita, urban traffic net ring degree, urban traffic netting twine point rate, urban traffic net Connected degree, highway density, backroad density, rural area sclerosis road ratio,
Step 3: on the basis of index factor data acquisition and result of calculation, standardization is carried out to each index factor data, makes the interval of all desired values between 1-100;
Step 4: calculate geological location characteristic index value; Described geological location characteristic index comprises geographic and geomorphic conditions, ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree, environmental ecology quality degree, cities and towns potential degree, cities and towns aggregation degree, the external traffic convenience in cities and towns degree, the sensible degree in urban traffic, inter-city transportation network growth degree;
Step 5: the value calculating every subindex of the geological location characteristic present in each statistic unit; Described every subindex comprises natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex, Traffic area location subindex;
Step 6: calculate the geological location index of each statistic unit for characterizing the geological location feature of each unit.
2. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, is characterized in that:
The scope of the geological location characteristic present described in step 1 refer to county and administrative area above county level or specific basin, urban agglomeration, group of cities, economy-zone on regional space in flakes, a region closing;
Statistic unit described in step 1 is administrative division unit at different levels mainly, comprises small towns, street, district, is the base unit of geographical national conditions evaluation and sign.
3. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, it is characterized in that: the computing method of the topographic index described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain elevation maximal value, minimum value and the mean value in each statistic unit, obtain liptical projection area and the surface area of each statistic unit simultaneously;
Its specific implementation process is: first calculate topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut; Wherein,
Topographic relief amplitude computing formula is: topographic relief amplitude=H
maximum-H
minimum; In formula, H
maximumrepresent Maximum Elev in statistic unit, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in statistic unit, unit is rice;
The computing formula of roughness of ground surface is:
in formula, S
bentrepresent ground table unit surface area, S
throwrepresent earth's surface cell projection area;
The computing formula of earth's surface depth of cut is: earth's surface depth of cut=H
all-H
minimum; In formula, H
allrepresent sea level on the average in region, H
minimumrepresent Minimum Elev in region, unit is rice;
Then the dispersed elevation of each statistic unit, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut 4 indexs are carried out standardization, make the value of 4 indexs be between 1-100; Its standardized method is as follows:
Wherein: f
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, t
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, T is the maximal value of this index each unit in scope of statistics;
Finally calculate the topographic index in each statistic unit, computing formula is as follows:
Topographic index=W1 × f
ele+ W2 × f
tA+ W3 × f
tR+ W4 × f
tP;
The wherein weight of W1, W2, W3, W4 difference corresponding dispersed elevation, topographic relief amplitude, roughness of ground surface and earth's surface depth of cut index, span is (0-100); f
elefor the dispersed elevation desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tAfor the topographic relief amplitude desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tRfor the roughness of ground surface desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization; f
tPfor the earth's surface depth of cut desired value of the statistic unit u after standardization.
4. geological location according to claim 3 characteristic present method, it is characterized in that: weight described in step 2 adopts Delphi approach (expert graded) or analytical hierarchy process (AHP method) to determine, or W1 gets 10, W2 and gets 30, W3 gets 40, W4 and gets 20.
5. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, is characterized in that:
The computing method of the landforms index described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area ratio in each statistic unit shared by Plain, hills, mountain region, plateau and basin, the landforms formula of index of each statistic unit is:
Landforms index=(1 × f
plain+ 0.8 × f
basin+ 0.6 × f
hills-f
plateau-f
mountain region+ 1) × 50;
Wherein, f
plain, f
basin, f
hills, f
plateau, f
mountain regionrepresent the area ratio that various landforms are shared in statistic unit respectively, value is between 0-100%;
The computing method of the cultivated area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the cultivated area in each statistic unit;
The computing method of the forest land area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the forest land area in each statistic unit;
The computing method of the grassland area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the grassland area in each statistic unit;
The computing method of the water surface area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the water surface area in each statistic unit;
The computing method of the construction land area described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the construction land area in each statistic unit;
The computing method of the vegetation coverage described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the arable land in each statistic unit, forest land, meadow, construction land, unused land and statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery vegetation coverage:
S in formula
woods, S
grass, S
plough, S
build, S
not, S
districtrepresent the area of forest land, meadow, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit respectively;
The computing method of the network of rivers density described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of river length, storehouse, lake area and statistic unit in each statistic unit, simultaneously from the water resources quantity in this this region of acquisition of statistical yearbook, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery network of rivers density:
In formula, L
riverrepresent river length, S
districtrepresent region area, S
hu Kurepresent Hu Ku (coastal waters) area, Q
waterrepresent water resources quantity;
The computing method of the Land degradation degree described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the slight erosion in each statistic unit, moderate erosion, the area of severe erosion areas and the area of statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery Land degradation degree:
In formula, S
gently, S
in, S
heavyand S
districtrepresent slight erosion area, moderate erosion area, severe erosion area and region area respectively;
The computing method of the biological abundance described in step 2 are the codings according to statistic unit, from the basic statistics result data that geographical national conditions are generally investigated, directly obtain the area of the forest land in each statistic unit, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and statistic unit; With reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), utilize following formulae discovery biological abundance:
In formula, S
woods, S
grass, S
water, S
plough, S
build, S
buildand S
districtrepresent the area in forest land, meadow, Wetland Area, arable land, construction land, unused land and region respectively;
The computing method of the environmental quality described in step 2 are from the statistical yearbook or environment publication of evaluation region, obtain average annual rainfall amount, the SO2 emissions of each unit, COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) discharge capacity, solid waste discharge capacity; The area of each statistic unit is obtained, with reference to " state of ecological environment assessment technique specification " (HJ/T192-2006), according to following formulae discovery environmental quality indicators from geographical national conditions census data:
In formula, R
allrepresent the average annual rainfall amount in region,
represent the discharge capacity of sulphuric dioxide, T
cODrepresent the discharge capacity of COD, T
solrepresent solid waste discharge capacity, S
districtrepresent region area;
The computing method of the population urbanization rate described in step 2 are from statistical yearbook, obtain the total population of each statistic unit and the quantity of urban population, the population urbanization rate according to each statistic unit of following formulae discovery:
The computing method of the Urban Construction Land_use total area described in step 2 concentrate from geographical national conditions generaI investigation or Monitoring Data the Urban Construction Land_use total area obtaining each statistic unit;
The computing method of the population scale described in step 2 are the urban population quantity obtaining each statistic unit from statistical yearbook;
The computing method of the cities and towns GDP per capita described in step 2 are the cities and towns GDP per capitas obtaining each statistic unit from statistical yearbook;
The computing method of the aviation described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the airline data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out in such a way composing and divide: the cities and towns having the international airport of more than 5 (containing 5) international airlines obtain 10 points, the cities and towns having the international airport of less than 5 international airlines obtain 8 points, the cities and towns having domestic main line airport obtain 6 points, and the cities and towns having domestic feeder route airport obtain 3 points; Judge whether cities and towns have airport and determine according to airport radiation scope (radius is 50 kilometers);
The computing method of the highway described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway alignment data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out tax point in such a way: cities and towns often have one and go out population across inter-province expressway and obtain 5 points, often have one inside the province highway go out population and obtain 4 points, the national trunk highway often having a direction obtains 2 points, provincially obtains 1.5 points in line highway, country highway obtains 1 point, other highways obtain 0.5 point;
The computing method of the railway described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the rail track data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, carry out in such a way composing point: a public backbones railway obtains 6 points, region main line railway obtains 5 points, branch railway line obtains 4 points to have the cities and towns of railway website often to have, belong to cities and towns, place, first-class passenger station and add 4 points, belong to cities and towns, place, second-class passenger station and add 3 points, belong to cities and towns, second-class passenger station and add 2 points; A public backbones high ferro circuit obtains 8 points, region main line railway obtains 7 points, branch railway line obtains 5 points according to often having the cities and towns of high ferro website;
The computing method at the harbour described in step 2 are the annual throughputs obtaining each harbour in statistic unit from statistical yearbook, and utilize following formula to be normalized into numerical value between 1-100:
Wherein: g
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, g
ufor the original traffic of a port desired value before statistic unit u standardization, T is this index maximum throughput at harbour in each unit in scope of statistics;
The computing method of the external network of communication lines ring degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the external traffic network point rate described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the external network of communication lines Connected degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
n) and node number (be designated as V
n); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the town road density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the length of road network in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road density:
The computing method of the town road area occupation ratio described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in cities and towns construction land area in statistic unit and statistic unit, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio:
The computing method of the area of town road per capita described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and the area of pavement of road in statistic unit; The cities and towns total population quantity in statistic unit is obtained, according to following formulae discovery town road area occupation ratio from statistical yearbook:
The computing method of the urban traffic net ring degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
o) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the urban traffic netting twine point rate described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the urban traffic net Connected degree described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the town road network obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and in statistics road network, the number on limit (is designated as E
c) and node number (be designated as V
c); According to following formulae discovery desired value:
The computing method of the highway density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the highway data collection obtained in each statistic unit, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery highway density:
The computing method of the backroad density described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, highway mileage in statistics statistic unit, and obtain the area of unit, according to following formulae discovery backroad density:
The computing method of the rural area sclerosis road ratio described in step 2 concentrate with Monitoring Data the backroad data set obtained in each statistic unit from geographical national conditions generaI investigation, add up the total length of backroad and the length of rural area sclerosis road respectively, according to following formulae discovery backroad sclerosis road ratio:
6. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, is characterized in that: carry out standardization to each index factor data described in step 3, its standardized method is:
Wherein: I
ufor the desired value after statistic unit u standardization, i
ufor the original index value before statistic unit u standardization, I is the Maximum Index value of this index each unit in scope of statistics.
7. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, is characterized in that: the computing method of the geographic and geomorphic conditions described in step 4 are,
Geographic and geomorphic conditions=w
landform× f
landform+ w
landforms× f
landforms;
In formula, f
landform, f
landformsrepresent Terrain indexes Summing Factor landforms index factor respectively, w
landform, w
landformsrepresent the weight of all kinds of subindex respectively.
8. geological location according to claim 7 characteristic present method, is characterized in that: the weight of all kinds of subindex described in step 4, and employing Delphi approach, analytical hierarchy process obtain, or w
landform=50, w
landforms=50.
9. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present method, is characterized in that: the computing method of the ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree described in step 4 are,
ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree=A
always× S
always+ A
class× (a
class 1× S
class 1+ a
class 2× S
class 2+ a
class 3× S
class 3)
A
always+ A
class=1, a
class 1+ a
class 2+ a
class 3=1
In formula, S
alwaysrepresent the standardization score value of the soil total area, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the evaluation unit total area and obtain (0-100); S
class 1represent the standardization score value of field, arable land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion obtain (0-100) according to the arable land of evaluation unit, the field total area; S
class 2represent the standardization score value of forest land, meadow, water surface area sum proportion, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the woods grass water area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); S
class 3represent the standardization score value of construction land area ratio, in range of value, carry out linear criterion according to the construction land area of evaluation unit and obtain (0-100); A
always, A
classrepresent the weight of total area score value and production ecological land area score value respectively, a
class 2, a
class 2, a
class 3represent the weight of all kinds of production ecological land area score value.
10. geological location according to claim 9 characteristic present method, is characterized in that: the weight described in step 4, adopts expert graded or weight analysis method to determine, or A
always=50, A
class=50; a
class 1=30, a
class 2=50, a
class 3=20.
11. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the computing method of the environmental ecology quality degree described in step 4 are obtained by vegetation coverage, network of rivers density, Land degradation degree, biological abundance, environmental quality 5 index weighted sums.
12. geological location according to claim 11 characteristic present methods, it is characterized in that: the weight of each index described in step 4 is determined by expert graded or weight analysis method, or vegetation coverage weight 20, network of rivers density weight 20, Land degradation degree weight 20, biological abundance weight 20, environmental quality weight 20.
13. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the computing method of the cities and towns potential degree described in step 4 adopt data fields theory to calculate according to cities and towns interaction principle, comprises the following steps:
1. obtain the construction land area in cities and towns in each unit, population and GDP index, and adopt maximal value standardized method, be normalized between (0-100); On this basis, above-mentioned three indexs are utilized, weighted calculation cities and towns size of synthesis index (0-100), for reflecting the scale in each cities and towns; Cities and towns size of synthesis index=w
construction land area× S
construction land area+ w
population× S
population+ w
gDP× S
gDP;
In formula: w
construction land area, w
population, w
gDPrepresent the weight of construction land area, population and GDP index respectively, S
construction land area, S
populationand S
gDPrepresent construction land area, population and the GDP desired value after standardization respectively;
2. according to city integrated scaled index, consider cities and towns influence power, cities and towns are divided into several ranks;
3. the radius of action in each grade cities and towns is calculated:
in formula, r
irepresent i-th grade of cities and towns radius of action, s represents the total area of geological location comprehensive evaluation scope, n
irepresent total number in i-th grade and above grade cities and towns;
4. according to following formula, calculate the impact of each cities and towns on other cities and towns and divide;
In formula, E
ijrepresent that i-th impact of cities and towns on a jth cities and towns divides, S
ibe the scaled index in i-th cities and towns, D
ibe the radius of action in i-th cities and towns, d
ijfor the distance between i, j two cities and towns;
5. calculate the potential in cities and towns, the potential of cities and towns i gets the maximal value of dividing its impact in other all cities and towns;
In formula, E
jirepresent that the impact of a jth cities and towns on i-th cities and towns divides, E
ibe the potential in i-th cities and towns, N is the sum in cities and towns.
14. geological location according to claim 13 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the weight of each index described in step 4 utilizes Delphi method or analytical hierarchy process to determine, or construction land area 30 points, and population 30 points, GDP40 divides.
15. geological location according to claim 13 characteristic present methods, it is characterized in that: described in step 4, cities and towns are divided into several ranks, wherein the cities and towns of scaled index more than 80 points are divided into 1 grade, 60-80 is divided into 2 grades, 40-60 is divided into 3 grades, and less than 40 points is 4 grades.
16. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, it is characterized in that: the computing method of the cities and towns aggregation degree described in step 4 are based on population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale, cities and towns GDP per capita index factor, adopt the method for multiple-factor weighted sum to calculate cities and towns concentration class, formula is as follows:
Cities and towns aggregation degree=w
b0201× S
b0201+ w
b0202× S
b0202+ w
b0203× S
b0203+ w
b0204× S
b0204;
In formula: w
b0201, w
b0202, w
b0203, w
b0204represent the weight of population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale and cities and towns GDP per capita index factor respectively, S
b0201, S
b0202, S
b0203, S
b0204represent population urbanization rate, the Urban Construction Land_use total area, population scale and the cities and towns GDP per capita desired value after standardization respectively.
17. geological location according to claim 16 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 4
b0201, w
b0202, w
b0203, w
b0204determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
b0201=0.25, w
b0202=0.25, w
b0203=0.25, w
b0204=0.25.
18. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the external traffic convenience=w in the cities and towns described in step 4
c0101× S
c0101+ w
c0102× S
c0102+ w
c0103× S
c0103+ w
c0104× S
c0104++ w
c0105× S
c0105++ w
c0106× S
c0106+ w
c0107× S
c0107;
In formula: w
c0101, w
c0102, w
c0103, w
c0104, w
c0105, w
c0106, w
c0107represent aviation, highway, railway respectively, the weight at harbour, externally network of communication lines ring degree, externally traffic network point rate, externally network of communication lines Connected degree index factor, S
c0101, S
c0102, S
c0103, S
c0104, S
c0105, S
c0106, S
c0107desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
19. geological location according to claim 18 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 4
c0101, w
c0102, w
c0103, w
c0104, w
c0105, w
c0106, w
c0107determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
c0101=0.1, w
c0102=0.2, w
c0103=0.2, w
c0104=0.1, w
c0105=0.1, w
c0106=0.1, w
c0107=0.2.
20. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the urban traffic facility=w described in step 4
c0201× S
c0201+ w
c0202× S
c0202+ w
c0203× S
c0203+ w
c0204× S
c0204++ w
c0205× S
c0205++ w
c0206× S
c0206;
In formula: w
c0201, w
c0202, w
c0203, w
c0204, w
c0205, w
c0206represent the weight of town road density, town road area occupation ratio, per capita town road area, urban traffic net ring degree, urban traffic netting twine point rate, urban traffic net Connected degree index factor respectively, S
c0201, S
c0202, S
c0203, S
c0204, S
c0205, S
c0206desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
21. geological location according to claim 20 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 4
c0201, w
c0202, w
c0203, w
c0204, w
c0205, w
c0206determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
c0201=0.3, w
c0202=0.2, w
c0203=0.2, w
c0204=0.1, w
c0205=0.1, w
c0206=0.1.
22. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the inter-city transportation network growth degree=w described in step 4
c0301× S
c0301+ w
c0302× S
c0302+ w
c0303× S
c0303;
In formula: w
c0301, w
c0302, w
c0303represent the weight of highway density, backroad density and the rural area sclerosis road ratio indicator factor respectively, S
c0301, S
c0302, S
c0303desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
23. geological location according to claim 22 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 4
c0301, w
c0302, w
c0303true by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
c0301=0.4, w
c0302=0.4, w
c0303=0.2.
24. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that:
Natural location subindex=w described in step 5
a01× S
a01+ w
a02× S
a02+ w
a03× S
a03;
In formula: w
a01, w
a02, w
a03represent the weight of geographic and geomorphic conditions, ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES degree and environmental ecology quality degree index respectively, S
a01, S
a02, S
a03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively;
W described in step 5
a01, w
a02, w
a03determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process;
W described in step 5
a01=0.25, w
a02=0.35, w
a03=0.4;
Position, cities and towns subindex=w described in step 5
b01× S
b01+ w
b02× S
b02;
In formula: w
b01, w
b02represent the weight of cities and towns potential degree and cities and towns aggregation degree index respectively, S
b01, S
b02desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
25. geological location according to claim 24 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 5
b01, w
b02determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
r01=0.5, w
b02=0.5.
26. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the Traffic area location subindex=w described in step 5
c01× S
c01+ w
c02× S
c02+ w
c03× S
c03;
In formula: w
c01, w
c02, w
c03represent the weight of the external traffic convenience in cities and towns degree, the sensible degree in urban traffic and inter-city transportation network growth degree index respectively, S
c01, S
c02, S
c03desired value after the standardization of expression corresponding index respectively.
27. geological location according to claim 26 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 5
c01, w
c02, w
c03determined by expert graded or analytical hierarchy process, or w
c01=0.4, w
c02=0.3, w
c03=0.3.
28. geological location according to claim 1 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the geological location index=f described in step 6
from× w
from+ f
city× w
city+ f
hand over× w
hand over;
Wherein, f
from, f
city, f
hand overbe respectively the value of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex, w
from, w
city, w
hand overrepresent the weight of natural location subindex, position, cities and towns subindex and Traffic area location subindex respectively.
29. geological location according to claim 28 characteristic present methods, is characterized in that: the w described in step 6
from, w
city, w
hand overdetermined by Delphi approach or analytical hierarchy process, or w
from=0.2, w
city=0.4, w
hand over=0.4.
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