CN104216030A - Broadband seismometer calibration test device and calibration method - Google Patents
Broadband seismometer calibration test device and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broadband seismometer calibration test device and a calibration method. An operation interface is connected with a broadband seismometer via an FPGA (field programmable gate array) and a data buffer circuit, the FPGA is connected with the broadband seismometer via a data extraction filter, a 24-bit delta-sigma type D/A (digital to analog) converter, a differential signal to single-ended signal converter and a test signal selector, the broadband seismometer is connected with a signal protection circuit, a signal attenuation circuit, a channel switching circuit, another 24-bit delta-sigma type D/A converter and the data extraction filter through auxiliary channels, and accordingly the broadband seismometer calibration test device is formed. The problem that one calibration device in broadband seismometer calibration can only calibrate one seismometer is solved effectively, operation in the process of broadband seismometer calibration test is simplified, visibility of the entire calibration test process and results is improved, more accurate quantitative calibration test results are provided, labor, material and time cost are reduced, and more economical and reliable guarantee is provided for broadband seismological observation operation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of geophysical exploration sensor, specifically relate to a kind of zeroing for the seismometer to broadband seismologic observation, calibrate enable control and standard signal calibration broadband seismometer calibrated tester and calibration steps.
Background technology:
Seismograph comprises sensor and register two parts usually.Wherein Sensor section is also seismometer, wave detector, geophone, seismic pendulum, and it is sensor device ground surface vibration being converted to respective intensities electric signal.Design concept and the structure of sensor determine corresponding test and calibrating installation, and mostly the test calibration device of current existing seismic sensor is to design for velocity profile moving-coil geophone widely used in oil and ore prospecting field.Moving-coil geophone has magnetoelectric effect and dynamo-electric effect, applies continuous-current excitation to wave detector, can obtain the related parameter values of wave detector according to the waveform character exported, the continuous-current excitation method of Here it is wave detector.The middle and later periods eighties, be that the continuous-current excitation method geophone tester of representative is by wide popularization and application with SMT-100, this proving installation is easy to carry, be easy to on-the-spot test, be particularly useful for the test of string, but this kind of method cannot be applied to test based on the broad-band teleseismic meter of dynamic balance reaction type and calibration.In earthquake observation, usually select broadband seismometer based on dynamic balance reaction type as the seismic sensor obtaining Earth information, frequency band range is wide, dynamic range is large feature that it has.This broadband seismometer inner structure is complicated, expensive, volume is large, quality is large, when laying in the wild, often needs to carry out moving and burying underground, all needs detection calibration before each layout.And at present the manufacturer of broadband seismometer and model more, design and use are not sought unity of standard, actual use in often need to rely on the calibration control device of producer or other third party manufacturers, add cost and the complicacy of earthquake observation operation.
Summary of the invention:
Object of the present invention is exactly the technical deficiency for above-mentioned earthquake observation operation, provides a kind of broadband seismometer calibrated tester being built in wide-band record device;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of calibration steps of broadband seismometer calibrated tester.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Broadband seismometer calibrating installation; be connected with broadband seismometer with data buffer circuit through FPGA by operation interface; FPGA is connected with broadband seismometer with test signal selector switch to single-ended signal converter through data pick-up wave filter, 24 delta sigma type D/A converters, differential signals, and broadband seismometer is consisted of accessory channel connection signal protection circuit, signal attenuation circuit, channel switching circuit, 24 delta sigma type D/A converters and data pick-up wave filter.
The calibration steps of broadband seismometer calibrated tester, comprises the following steps:
A, before carrying out earthquake observation or seismic exploration, first the adjustment of vertical direction and horizontal direction and fixing is carried out to the broadband seismometer being laid in observation station, then broadband seismometer is connected to the broadband seismic register of built-in calibrated tester by twisted-pair cable, broadband seismic register is connected to computing machine by serial port;
B, broadband seismic register and broadband seismometer successively switch on power, complete after initialization until seismic recorder, user sends zeroing order by the operation interface on computing machine, by the mass deviation post zero in broadband seismometer, ensure that broadband seismometer is not having in external shock situation, output voltage is zero;
C, user are by the type of operation interface choice criteria signal, frequency, amplitude and duration, FPGA sets according to user, export the standard signals such as assigned frequency, amplitude, the standard sine wave of duration, step ripple or pseudo random noise acoustic wave form, and change through the subtractor circuit be made up of operational amplifier, the differential calibration signal that D/A converter generates is converted to single-ended calibrating signal, finally flows to broadband seismometer and calibrate;
D, complete the calibration of broadband seismometer standard signal after, user selects accessory channel measurement function by operation interface.The auxiliary channel signal that broadband seismometer exports, through signal attenuation circuit decay to ± the A/D converter range of 2.5V in, then utilize A/D converter to carry out timesharing to the auxiliary channel signal by channel switching circuit and switch collection, eventually pass the voltage measuring value that digital program-con-trolled exchange obtains accessory channel.Mass deviation post information is judged, to determine the calibration result of broadband seismometer according to voltage measuring value;
Beneficial effect: 1, broadband seismometer calibrated tester and method can facilitate and effectively control the zeroing of broadband seismometer, standard signal calibration and accessory channel measurement, ensures the accuracy and reliability of broadband earthquake observation operation.2, broadband seismometer calibrated tester and method are applicable to the broadband seismic meter calibrating of Multiple Type, wider, effectively more economical than the general seismometer calibration proving installation scope of application for single type.3, broadband seismometer calibrated tester is built in broadband seismic register, portable, easy to use.Share one with register and be connected to the cable of broadband seismometer, a shared power supply, more shared chip devices (such as FPGA and digital program-con-trolled exchange chip CS5376), not only save hardware cost, also improve the global consistency of instrument.4, broadband seismometer calibrated tester is built in broadband seismic register, can play a very good protection to proving installation.The result of calibration testing is simultaneously stored in the storage card of broadband seismic register, is convenient to call at any time check.5, after broadband seismometer calibration testing, when not moving seismometer, wiring need not be changed and restart broadband seismic register, directly just can start Collecting operation, save the time.6, the software operation interface of host computer replaces hardware knob, adds device serviceable life, the cost-effective reliability simultaneously turn improving device.7 visual human-computer interaction interfaces, simple and convenient, add the visuality of calibration process and result; By the result seeing calibration that upper computer software can be real-time, efficient quick; The test result quantized can make tester understand the performance condition of broadband seismometer more accurately, thus provides data reference more accurately for broadband seismologic observation operation.
In a word, broadband seismometer calibrated tester in the present invention and the method a calibrating installation efficiently solved in broadband seismic meter calibrating can only calibrate a difficult problem for a seismometer, simplify the operation in broadband seismometer calibration testing process, add the visuality of whole calibration testing process and result, provide the calibration testing result quantized more accurately, lower manpower and materials and time cost, more economically to ensure more reliably for broadband seismologic observation operation provides.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is broadband seismometer calibrated tester structural representation.
Fig. 2 is broadband seismometer calibrated tester calibration steps process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Broadband seismometer calibrated tester is made up of three parts, and the zeroing be made up of operation interface, Programmable logical controller chip FPGA and data buffer circuit respectively and calibration make energy control module; The calibrating signal generation circuit module be made up of decimation filter of digital and 24 delta sigma type D/A converters; The accessory channel measurement module be made up of decimation filter of digital and 24 delta sigma type A/D converters.Wherein Programmable logical controller chip FPGA is the control core of whole device.
Zeroing and calibration make in energy control module, Programmable logical controller chip FPGA exports corresponding zeroing or calibration enable signal according to connected broadband seismometer model, carry out+3.3V to the conversion of+5V logic level and the amplification of I/O drive current through data buffer LVCC3245 again, effectively drive the broadband seismometer connected to carry out corresponding actions.
Calibrating signal produces in circuit module, the test bit flow-generator in digital program-con-trolled exchange chip CS5376 is utilized to export the standard calibration signal of user's assigned frequency and amplitude, these digital waveform information just can export differential analog signal through 24 delta sigma type D/A converter CS4373, the subtractor circuit formed via operational amplifier again converts single-ended analog signal to, finally exports to broadband seismometer by test signal change-over switch and carries out standard signal calibration actions.
In accessory channel measurement module; the simulating signal that broadband seismometer three accessory channels export carries out electrostatic and lightning protection through the signal protection circuit be made up of Transient Voltage Suppressor and gas-discharge tube etc.; in order to avoid be subject to the glitch of voltage that the interference of around power equipment and AC network or lightning and Electro-static Driven Comb etc. cause and electric current; again through 1/4 attenuator circuit that is made up of anti-phase proportional amplifier, by signal attenuation in the A/D range of ± 2.5V.What the accessory channel due to seismometer exported is low frequency signal, therefore MUX CD4052 timesharing is adopted to select the accessory channel that will gather, high-precision signal collection is carried out by 24 delta sigma type A/D converter CS5372 again by the auxiliary channel signal selected, be temporarily stored in the random data storer of FPGA inside after carrying out digital program-con-trolled exchange finally by digital program-con-trolled exchange chip CS5376, call for user.
The calibration steps of broadband seismometer calibrated tester, comprises the following steps:
A, before carrying out earthquake observation or seismic exploration, first the adjustment of vertical direction and horizontal direction carried out to the broadband seismometer being laid in observation station and fix, then broadband seismometer being connected to the broadband seismic register of built-in calibrated tester by twisted-pair cable.
B, broadband seismic register and broadband seismometer successively switch on power, complete after initialization until seismic recorder, user sends zeroing order by operation interface, by the mass deviation post zero in broadband seismometer, ensure that broadband seismometer is not having in external shock situation, output voltage is zero.
C, user by the type of operation interface choice criteria calibrating signal, frequency, amplitude and duration, to broadband seismometer outputting standard calibrating signal.Calibrate enable signal in the process to remain valid level state, its significant level is relevant with selected seismometer model always.Calibrating signal comprises standard sine wave, step ripple and pseudo random noise acoustic wave form, after the duration arrives, stops outputting standard calibrating signal.
D, complete the calibration of broadband seismometer standard signal after, user selects accessory channel measurement function by operation interface.Under default situations, three accessory channels are connected to Aux1, Aux2, Aux3 tri-alternate channels of broadband seismometer, and three Aux passages of most of broadband seismometer are the positional information output channel of thing, north and south, vertical three component quality blocks respectively.User by checking the mass deviation post information of three passages, to determine the calibration result of broadband seismometer.
This broadband seismometer calibrated tester and method system be used for broadband seismometer zeroing, calibrate enable control, standard signal calibration and supplementary and measure.Broadband seismometer is connected to the wide-band record device of built-in calibrated tester by shielded twisted-pair cable, and wide-band record device is connected to computing machine by serial port.Broadband seismometer calibrated tester drives broadband seismometer to carry out returning to zero (mass position zero), calibrating enable control, standard signal calibration (comprising sine wave, step ripple, the calibration of pseudorandom ripple) and supplementary measurement (mass positional information) operation according to the control command that user sends.
As shown in Figure 1, this broadband seismometer calibrated tester comprises:
Broadband seismometer calibrated tester is made up of three parts, and the zeroing be made up of Programmable logical controller chip and data buffer circuit respectively and calibration make energy control module; The calibrating signal be made up of decimation filter of digital and delta sigma type D/A converter produces circuit module; The accessory channel measurement module be made up of decimation filter of digital and 24 delta sigma type A/D converters.Wherein Programmable logical controller chip FPGA is the control core of whole device.
Zeroing and calibration make in energy control module, Programmable logical controller chip FPGA exports corresponding zeroing or calibration enable signal according to connected broadband seismometer model, carry out+3.3V to the conversion of+5V logic level and the amplification of I/O drive current through data buffer LVCC3245 again, effectively drive the broadband seismometer connected to carry out corresponding actions.
Calibrating signal produces in circuit module, the test bit flow-generator in digital program-con-trolled exchange chip CS5376 is utilized to export the standard calibration signal of user's assigned frequency and amplitude, these digital waveform information just can export differential analog signal through delta sigma type D/A converter CS4373, the subtractor circuit formed via operational amplifier again converts single-ended analog signal to, finally exports to broadband seismometer by test signal change-over switch and carries out standard signal calibration actions.
In accessory channel measurement module; the simulating signal that broadband seismometer three accessory channels export carries out electrostatic and lightning protection through the signal protection circuit be made up of Transient Voltage Suppressor and gas-discharge tube etc.; in order to avoid be subject to the glitch of voltage that the interference of around power equipment and AC network or lightning and Electro-static Driven Comb etc. cause and electric current; again through 1/4 attenuator circuit that is made up of anti-phase proportional amplifier, by signal attenuation in the A/D range of ± 2.5V.What the accessory channel due to seismometer exported is low frequency signal, therefore MUX CD4052 timesharing is adopted to select the accessory channel that will gather, high-precision signal collection is carried out by 24 delta sigma type A/D converters again by the auxiliary channel signal selected, be temporarily stored in the random data storer of FPGA inside after carrying out digital program-con-trolled exchange finally by digital program-con-trolled exchange chip CS5376, call for user.
Claims (2)
1. a broadband seismometer calibrated tester; it is characterized in that; be connected with broadband seismometer with data buffer circuit through FPGA by operation interface; FPGA is connected with broadband seismometer with test signal selector switch to single-ended signal converter through data pick-up wave filter, 24 delta sigma type D/A converters, differential signals, and broadband seismometer is consisted of accessory channel connection signal protection circuit, signal attenuation circuit, channel switching circuit, 24 delta sigma type D/A converters and data pick-up wave filter.
2. the calibration steps of the broadband seismometer calibrated tester stated according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, before carrying out earthquake observation or seismic exploration, first the adjustment of vertical direction and horizontal direction carried out to the broadband seismometer being laid in observation station and fix, then broadband seismometer being connected to the broadband seismic register of built-in calibrated tester by twisted-pair cable;
B, broadband seismic register and broadband seismometer successively switch on power, complete after initialization until seismic recorder, user sends zeroing order by operation interface, by the mass deviation post zero in broadband seismometer, ensure that broadband seismometer is not having in external shock situation, output voltage is zero;
C, user are by the type of operation interface choice criteria signal, frequency, amplitude and duration, FPGA sets according to user, export the standard signals such as assigned frequency, amplitude, the standard sine wave of duration, step ripple or pseudo random noise acoustic wave form, and change through the subtractor circuit be made up of operational amplifier, the differential calibration signal that D/A converter generates is converted to single-ended calibrating signal, finally flows to broadband seismometer and calibrate;
D, complete the calibration of broadband seismometer standard signal after, user selects accessory channel measurement function by operation interface.The auxiliary channel signal that broadband seismometer exports, through signal attenuation circuit decay to ± the A/D converter range of 2.5V in, then utilize A/D converter to carry out timesharing to the auxiliary channel signal by channel switching circuit and switch collection, eventually pass the voltage measuring value that digital program-con-trolled exchange obtains accessory channel.Mass deviation post information is judged, to determine the calibration result of broadband seismometer according to voltage measuring value;
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108196313A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 浙江大学 | The compensation method of shake table guide rail irregularity in a kind of very broadband seismometer dynamic calibration |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108196313A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 浙江大学 | The compensation method of shake table guide rail irregularity in a kind of very broadband seismometer dynamic calibration |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |