CN104214298A - Radial roller screw and variable-speed transmission thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a radial roller screw and a variable-speed transmission thereof. A rotary disc (3), a toothed disc (15), a slide block (4) and a roller (5) are used for sheathing and rotation; when a differential gear is engaged by a clutch, the rotary disc (3) rotates relative to the toothed disc (15), the slide block (4) drives a small center shaft (6) and planetary wheels (24) to do radial displacement, the output rotation speed is gradually increased and decreased, and the stepless variable-speed transmission is realized; a spline shaft (28) is connected with a plurality of pairs of driving wheels (27) to respectively drive several planetary wheels (24); an outer press ring (30) and an outer disc spring (23) are fixedly connected and are arranged in a radial floating sleeve ring to form single-line transmission; the planetary wheels (24) are movably matched and parallelly connected with the small center shaft (6) to form a multi-line distribution beam type cage-shaped revolving body; the planetary wheels (24) are pressed by an inner disc spring and the outer disc spring, and the contact transmission force and torque are proportionally increased and decreased, and are consistently adjusted; the clutch (9) and a shift rod (29) synchronously move left and right at equal amount, and the small center shaft (6) parallelly displaces. Each line of planetary wheels (24) bears the load, so the contact stress is decreased, and the slip rate is reduced. The transmission effect of the high-power and high-efficiency stepless variable speed in automobiles and numerical control machining tools is obvious.

Description

Radial roller spiral and gear thereof

Technical field

A kind of radial roller spiral and gear thereof, the chain wheel with radial helix alveolus and the rotating disk phase fit having radial slippage groove and rotate, slide block to be arranged in rotating disk chute and to be put in the radial helix alveolus of chain wheel connection of rolling by roller.When chain wheel and rotating disk relatively rotate, the helix alveolus lift angle on chain wheel forces roller and slide block upper and lower displacement in the chute of rotating disk.Because one group of planet wheel is assigned in little axle so that axis hole is dynamic, little mandrel end section is connected in along with doing radial displacement in slider bore, thus realizes gear.

Input splined shaft links multipair driving wheel, and has disc spring combination mutually to compress, and makes often pair of driving wheel be clamped each several single-row planet wheels.Also there is a pair outer trim ring to be clamped on the radial outside radius of these several planet wheels by disc spring elastic force in periphery, form single-row Gear Planet Transmission.Equally, the single-row assembly interlock of same size and structure has shared load in parallel being again multiple row Gear Planet Transmission, then merging into the power transmission of multirow star-wheel multiple spot and realize high-power gear on input shaft.

Radial roller screw pair autobiography in rotation manipulates synchronous, equivalent, the conformity radial displacement of each planet wheel, and reach stepless change campaign, speed governing is easily laborsaving, operates reliable and stable.

Background technique

Variable transmission is widely used but still has multinomial technical performance to need to break through, and especially the speed change request that subtracts of lathe and automobile has high-power, high efficiency, high rotating speed and reliability, will obtain huge benefit when these difficult problems solve:

(1) automobile variable speed is best with " stepless " its matching, and dynamic economics significantly improves, and gearshift, without impacting, travels happier.

(2) numerical control machine tool adopts mechanical variable transmission, and electric motor power can reduce by 1/3 ~ 1/2 than frequency converter timing, and energy-saving effect is obvious.

But its defect of Current mechanical class speed changer is:

(1) power is little, and the bearing capacity due to friction driving pair is limited to contact stress working strength and the thermal power load of parts, and how much relevant to the number of planet wheel.

(2) efficiency is low, and friction driving relies on impacting force to form frictional force, and its pressurization characteristic of usual product becomes contradiction with torque needed for impacting force, and heating temperature rise, quick abrasion, efficiency is low, and the life-span is short.

(3) high rotating speed is restricted, and be directly proportional to rotating speed because planet crop rotation circumference runs the centrifugal force produced, and centrifugal force forms adjection to the impacting force of disc spring, because of dual pressurization during high rotating speed, resisting moment is too high, and efficiency reduces.

(4) output speed fluctuation is comparatively large, affects cutting and precision.

Above-mentioned defect has become a historic difficult problem, only have structure innovation just can overcome, the invention provides a kind of radial roller spiral and gear thereof for this reason, solve collection high-power, high efficiency, high rotating speed, low-temperature-rise, low slip, long-life, and improve the pioneering structure of power to volume ratio.Mechanical variable transmission is replaced the breakthrough that other transmission products obtain larger benefit and technical performance.

Summary of the invention

A kind of radial roller spiral and gear thereof, generation radial displacement is relatively rotated by radial helix alveolus and roller, roller connects with slide block, slide block and little axle thereof and planet wheel upper and lower displacement in the radial groove of rotating disk, the circle distribution circle radius of numerous planet wheel is increased and decreased variation gradually, and output speed lifting becomes stepless transmission.

Because the lift angle of radial helix alveolus is less, easily laborsaving when doing displacement with the roller on slide block, more than one piece planet wheel can be moved radially in company with little axle and slide block, realize multiple spot power transmission and converge into big power variable speed transmission.Overcome usual product and could produce by axial powerful extruding planet wheel the defect moved radially, reduce temperature rise of generating heat, growth working life.

Adopt in chain wheel plane and make radial helix alveolus, and with there is the rotating disk fit transmission of radial groove, slide block to have in the radial helix alveolus extending into chain wheel outside roller and move in the radial groove of rotating disk and rotate, forming output mechanism.

When chain wheel and rotating disk relatively rotate, while above-mentioned power screw pair makes the little axle of slide block and connection thereof and planet wheel rotate, produce oscilaltion and speed governing.

Chain wheel connected with rotating disk dynamic joining, synchronized or relative rotation speed Driving Torque, chain wheel is connected two gears (number of teeth small one and large one), rotating disk is connected a gear (number of teeth is placed in the middle), three gears meshing corresponding three gears on transmission shaft, the transmission shaft that two gear mesh that wherein chain wheel is connected are answered cogs and to join for dynamic, and have clutch teeth groove be combined with interposed clutch or depart from, in conjunction with time rotary speed is varied in size by differential gear ratio and makes the rotating speed of chain wheel comparatively fast or comparatively be slower than rotating disk, at this moment radial power screw adjutant slide block rises or declines in rotating disk chute, output speed and torque change adjustment immediately, after clutch departs from, output speed remains unchanged.

Little axle is moved and joins more than one piece planet wheel, each axle two end is connected in the bearing of slide block, and left and right end by same size and clutch teeth groove azimuthal symmetry consistent, and synchronously handle each driving mechanism of left and right two end by a clutch driving lever, make left and right slide block little axle be done synchronous, equivalent, parallel rise and fall, the center of each planet wheel coexists, and circle distribution circle is upper to be run, and output speed is stablized, be conducive to the cutting of lathe, precision is improved.

Adopt often pair of driving wheel connected by the combination disk spring that links mutually and compress, and with identical impacting force be clamped single-row in several planet wheels.And outer trim ring to be connected in outer disc spring composition one, and to be arranged on and can to do in the floating lasso of axial slip, so outer trim ring presses the axial station of driving wheel from the equal carrying row of Row sum-equal matrix.

Each single-row Gear Planet Transmission shares lighter load, so reduce slip.

Multiple single-row Gear Planet Transmission forms multiple row Gear Planet Transmission, the little axle of every bar is moved and joins the more than one piece planet wheel of each single-row correspondence, become uniform beam type cage type solid of rotation.

Each little axle and slide block are distributed on connection that radial helix alveolus is meshed, and radius of gyration size is equal, and the common rotating disk that promotes obtains high-power transmission.

Adopt multiple row multirow star-wheel to realize multiple spot power transmission, each planet wheel only transmits comparatively underload, reduces sliding ratio, reduce wearing and tearing heating, raise the efficiency and the life-span, collect for high-power transmission with multiple row structure simultaneously.Single-row planet wheel adopts 3 ~ 4, so planet wheel outside dimension is comparatively large, power transmission is uniform, and body boundary dimension reduces and compact.

Adopt the pressurization of inside and outside two-way disc spring, during increase and decrease all the time with torque of the impacting force of driving component contact power transmission point, needed for impacting force, increase and decrease adjustment voluntarily.On planet wheel inside and outside two impacting force sizes and planet wheel power transmission radius of clean-up length inversely proportional, when being exactly high rotating speed, driving wheel clamping planet wheel is in the minor radius of center, and disc spring pressing power wants large; And outer trim ring is clamped on the large radius in edge of planet wheel, disc spring pressing power is little; Then contrary during the slow-speed of revolution.Above-mentioned pressurization characteristic only has inside and outside two-way disc spring pressurization device to realize.

Planet wheel will do radial displacement, usually extrudes planet wheel by axial force and is just moved radially, then resetted by disc spring force or return, so mobile and disc spring pressing power and centrifugal force related intimate, and centrifugal force can produce adverse effect.And adopt radial power screw to be driven by slide block and little axle by planet wheel to obtain, so centrifugal force and inside and outside disc spring pressing power unaffected, high rotating speed is unrestricted.Planet wheel relied on axial compression and promoted to require great effort very much in the past, and wearing and tearing heating is serious, was especially difficult to handle high-power transmission.Adopt radial roller power screw, during slide block lifting, roller rolls laborsaving, and because lead angle is little, reinforcement coefficient is large, and differential gearing and output mechanism autobiography are handled, and thus speed governing is easily laborsaving, obviously energy-conservation.

Adopt driving wheel and outer trim ring axial float structure, adjustment of displacement voluntarily, the central cross-section vertical major reaching each row planet wheel is turned round and each single-row running parallel.

Each single-row Gear Planet Transmission is equivalent to a single-stage speed changer, and power is multiplied by multiple row parallel connection transmission, and efficiency is but equal with single-row.And body profile radial dimension is less, more demand is met for automobile variable speed or lathe gear, especially automotive transmission inputs high rotating speed, it is light because planet wheel thickness is thin, the turning radius is less, centrifugal force is also little, and centrifugal force overcomes injurious effects to disc spring pressing power, so high rotating speed runs unrestricted.

Technical characteristics

(1) chain wheel with radial helix alveolus is adopted to rotate with the rotating disk phase fit with chute, and have slide block and roller thereof to connect radial groove and radial helix alveolus respectively, when rotating disk rotates relative to chain wheel, radial helix alveolus on chain wheel produces radial displacement with the roller on slide block because being meshed, and joining little axle and planet wheel thereof are done displacement in company with slide block, the radius of clean-up of planet wheel increases and decreases gradually, output speed and torque stepless lifting.

(2) adopt rotating disk and chain wheel respectively to have gear and with three meshed transmission gear on transmission shaft, owing to there is number of teeth difference, and have interposed clutch large small gear of joining dynamic on transmission shaft and chain wheel and rotating disk to be relatively rotated, the lift angle of helix alveolus forces roller to produce radial displacement together with parts such as slide blocks, reaches speed regulating control.

(3) little axle two end is connected in slider bore, and because left and right each parts symmetrical configuration is measure-alike, displacement lifting synchronous equal amount, reaches little axle and each planet wheel runs in same radius of a circle, stabilization of speed.

(4) inside and outside two-way disc spring pressurization device is adopted, the combination of interior disc spring multi-disc compress driving wheel and single-row in several planet wheels, and each pair of driving wheel compresses mutually, and each single-row outer trim ring and outer disc spring are connected in axial float in lasso, inside and outside disc spring pressing planet wheel also increases and decreases adjustment with torque to size needed for impacting force voluntarily.

(5) planet wheel is assigned in little axle so that endoporus is dynamic, and the lifting Bit andits control of little axle is in radial screw-drive mechanism, so the centrifugal force of planet wheel can not cause the impact of disc spring pressurization characteristic, high rotating speed input is unrestricted.

(6) be connected in parallel on same input shaft by the single-row Gear Planet Transmission of a few cover, dispersion delivers total output, then each little axle is connected to again same rotating disk becomes high-power transmission, each load of numerous planet wheel is light, contact stress is little, low, the efficiency of heating temperature rise and life-span improve and sliding ratio reduces, single-row number of planet gears is also had to select 3 ~ 4, radial dimension is compacter, and power to volume ratio is improved.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that the structure of radial roller spiral and gear thereof is always schemed

Fig. 2 is the rotating disk of radial roller spiral and gear thereof, the connecting and the structure of differential gear, transmission shaft and clutch of chain wheel, slide block and roller

Fig. 3 is the structure of the driving wheel of radial roller spiral and gear thereof, planet wheel, outer trim ring and combination lasso.

In Fig. 1: 1. support, 2. end cap, 3. rotating disk, 4. slide block, 5. roller, 6. little axle, 7. gear 1., and 8. gear 2., 9. interposed clutch, 10. transmission shaft, 3., 12. gears are 4. for 11. gears, 13. couple axles, 14. export end cap, 15. chain wheels, 16. output pinions, 17. export gearwheel, 18. disk gears, 1., 2., 21. adjust packing rings to 20. chain wheel gears to 19. chain wheel gears, 22. axial float lassos, 23. outer trim rings and outer disc spring, 24. planet wheels, 25. hole back-up rings, disc spring in 26., 27. driving wheels, 28. input splined shafts, 29. dead mans

In Fig. 2: 3. rotating disk, 4. slide block, 5. roller, 6 little axles, 7. gear is 1., and 8. gear is 2., 9. interposed clutch, 10. transmission shaft, 11. gears 3., 15. chain wheels, 18. disk gears, 19. chain wheel gears 1., 20, chain wheel gear 2., 29. dead mans

In Fig. 3: 1. support, 6 little axles, 22. axial float lassos, 23. outer disc springs, 24. planet wheels, 25. hole back-up rings, disc spring in 26., 27. driving wheels, 28. input splined shafts, 29. dead mans, 30. outer trim rings

Embodiment

Describe in detail according to accompanying drawing and implement best mode of the present invention, connect several to driving wheel (27) in input splined shaft (28), outside has interior disc spring (26) to be clamped planet wheel (24), outer disc spring (23) and outer trim ring (30) also compress the radial outer periphery of planet wheel (24), when input splined shaft (28) transmission driving wheel (27) and planet wheel (24), due to outer trim ring (30) by outer disc spring (23) distortion elastic force folded by speed up, create the public rotation of planet wheel (24), each planet wheel (24) promotes little axle (6), slide block (4) rotating disk (3) and chain wheel (15) Driving Torque.

Manipulation dead man (29) and interposed clutch (9) and the gear being with groove are 1. or after 2. gear combine, by the chain wheel gear of correspondence 1. or the transmission 2. of chain wheel gear, because how much different the number of teeth of associated gear is, chain wheel (15) and rotating disk (3) relatively rotate.Produce differential because the gear mesh velocity ratio on the gear mesh on rotating disk (3) and chain wheel (15) varies in size, so there is the rotation that chain wheel (15) comparatively fast or is comparatively slower than rotating disk (3), slide block (4) in formation rotating disk (3) and roller (5) thereof make rolling lifting moving with the helix alveolus working surface of chain wheel (15), and be with movable slider (4), little axle (6), the synchronous radial displacement of planet wheel (24), thus planet wheel (24) and driving wheel (27) and the contact power transmission point variation of outer trim ring (30) and the radius of clean-up of planet wheel (24) are changed, output speed rises or falls.Because above-mentioned movement carries out gradually, so speed change is stepless transmission.

High-power transmission needs multiple spot power transmission and adopts multiple row planet carry-over moment, for this reason by little axle (6) two end bearing and power transmission becomes uniform beam, the radial screw pair in left and right and differential gear thereof are symmetrical and number of teeth correspondence is identical, and just helix one the first from left is right, and lifting is consistent.Due to the groove axial orientation crash consistency of interposed clutch (9), so clutch is synchronously equivalent, reach little axle (6) parallel lifting, guarantee that all planet wheels (24) run more steady efficiency perpendicular to little axle (6) and input output all the time high.

Fig. 3 illustrates that there is multi-disc disc spring pressing driving wheel (27) both sides, and only has disc spring outside a slice outside outer trim ring (30) two, so change from the slewing range impacting force at a high speed to low speed, meets the pressurization characteristic of invariable power transmission.

Often the outer of row planet wheel (24) is with independently outer trim ring (30) and assemblying body thereof, and axial float lasso (22) and support (1) are slidably matched, axial displacement voluntarily, reaches impacting force and all carries, and stable efficiency is high.

Main structure of the present invention is:

1. more than one piece planet wheel (24) slides in little axle (6), forms multiple row Gear Planet Transmission.

2. little axle (6) two end bearing is at left and right slide block (4) and radial screw pair speed regulating mechanism thereof, due to left and right interposed clutch and gear recesses axial orientation full symmetric consistent, speed-regulation lifting is synchronously equivalent, guarantees little axle (6) parallel lifting all the time.

3. rotating disk (3) connects a pair gear number of teeth between two parties, and chain wheel (15) connects two pairs of numbers of teeth, and the number of teeth more than one one is few, and namely velocity ratio is greater than and is less than that right velocity ratio of rotating disk respectively.During such driving lever and interposed clutch combine, chain wheel (15) produces the transmission being faster or slower than rotating disk (3), the helix working surface of slide block (4) and the roller (5) connected and chain wheel (15) is forced to do to be elevated displacement, drive little axle (6) and planet wheel (24) to do radial lifting displacement simultaneously, thus change the size of the radius of clean-up and speed governing.

4. adopt different differential number of teeth differences, just can realize fast or lifting speed speed governing at a slow speed, be applicable to automative stepless speed-variation transmission, obtain quick deceleration and stop or start to walk at a slow speed to obtain Large-torsion transmisson.

5. output mechanism voluntarily power transmission carry out speed governing manipulation and differential speed regulation, easily laborsaving, there is power savings advantages.

6. the circumference of planet wheel (24) runs the centrifugal force that certainly will produce and is transferred on little axle (6) and slide block (4), no longer causes the impact on disc spring pressing power, and high rotating speed input is unrestricted.

7. planet wheel (24) reaches the respective compression of inside and outside disc spring again from Row sum-equal matrix impacting force by the compression of driving wheel (27) and outer trim ring (23), the radius of clean-up of the power transmission point on impacting force and planet wheel (24) is inversely proportional to, and meets invariable power transmission completely.Each rotating speed and level of torque realize increase and decrease conformity to required impacting force size and increase substantially bearing capacity and efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. a radial roller spiral and gear thereof, the chain wheel (15) with radial helix alveolus is linked in the output mechanism also having the rotating disk of radial slippage groove (3) to form, slide block (4) and the roller (5) connected put in the radial helix alveolus of described chain wheel (15), and described slide block (4) is installed in the slippage slot of described rotating disk (3), when described chain wheel (15) relatively rotates with described rotating disk (3), described slide block (4) and described roller (5) do radial displacement by the engagement of the radial helix alveolus of described chain wheel (15), the planet wheel (24) of little axle (6) and connection thereof is driven to increase and decrease the radius of clean-up gradually, reach output speed and cogging, realize variable transmission.

2. radial roller spiral according to claim 1 and gear thereof, it is characterized in that described rotating disk (3) is connected gear (18), described chain wheel (15) is connected gear (19, 20), above-mentioned three gears meshing the gear that is connected (11) on transmission shaft (10) and are moved the gears to engage and disengage part (7 of joining, 8), when interposed clutch (9) is combined in gear (7) or gear (8) by driving lever (29), described chain wheel (15) produces differential with the rotating speed of described rotating disk (3), the number of teeth mathematic interpolation of its differential speed and associated gear determines, each pair of gear ratio difference is larger, lifting speed is faster, vice versa.

3. radial roller spiral according to claim 1 and gear thereof, it is characterized in that input splined shaft (28) first line of a couplet then multipair driving wheel (27), disc spring group (26) is had mutually to compress, and then compress described planet wheel (24), and outer trim ring (30) is connected with outer disc spring (23), be arranged in axial float lasso (22), described planet wheel (24) fits on described little axle (6) so that endoporus is dynamic, two ends of described little axle (6) are dynamic to be fitted on described slide block (4), so described slide block (4), described little axle (6) and dynamic described planet wheel (24) of joining connect rotation Driving Torque.

4. radial roller spiral according to claim 1 and gear thereof, it is characterized in that described rotating disk (3), described chain wheel (15), described slide block (4), described roller (5) and differential gear wheel set left and right parts are measure-alike, rotating speed is equal, displacement equivalent, clutch teeth groove orientation are unanimously symmetrical, reach described little axle (6) and planet wheel (24) lifting described in each synchronous equidistant, and to be controlled by same operating handle (13).

5. radial roller spiral according to claim 1 and gear thereof, it is characterized in that described disc spring assembly parts (26) has compressed described driving wheel (27) respectively and transmitted equal impacting force by several described planet wheels (24) of each single-row Gear Planet Transmission, and described outer disc spring (23) and described outer trim ring (30) are integrally connected and are clamped these several described planet wheels (24) simultaneously, all the time the clamping of inside and outside disc spring elastic force is born and transmission inside and outside described like this planet wheel (24) radial direction, and the radius of clean-up length of its point of contact and disc spring elastic deformation force size just in time form inverse proportion and increase and decrease variation gradually, the lifting variation and the impacting force size that meet rotating speed and torque are consistent from Row sum-equal matrix.