CN104213904A - Real-time efficiency monitoring method for sucker-rod pumping system - Google Patents

Abstract

A real-time efficiency monitoring method for a sucker-rod pumping system belongs to the technical field of computer oil field digital construction. Comprises a data acquisition step and a data analysis step; the data acquisition step comprises the following steps; establishing an automatic oil well metering and monitoring system based on a power diagram method of the pumping unit, carrying out real-time monitoring on the operation condition of an oil well in a district managed all weather uninterruptedly, acquiring power diagram data every ten minutes in real time, and calculating the liquid yield; establishing an electric parameter data acquisition system, acquiring parameters such as three-phase current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factors and the like in real time, and storing a large amount of data acquired in real time in a special database; the data analysis step comprises the following steps; the development system real-time efficiency monitoring software obtains dynamic parameters reflecting the system operation condition by calculating and analyzing real-time collected data in a special database, compares the stage state operation change trend, and draws a trend graph of the change of each technical index along with time for guiding production.

Description

A kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time, belong to computer oil field digital Construction technical field.

Background technology

Each oil field all adopts portable tester to carry out regularly or irregularly testing to oil pumping system merit figure and input electrical quantity, then utilizes oil pumping system efficiency calculation, emulation and optimizing Design Software to carry out analytical calculation to test data.Along with carrying out of oil field digital Construction, reservoirs in one oilfield in western China establishes power graph method oil well metering device and real-time electrical quantity harvester, can round-the-clock actual measurement merit diagram data and electrical quantity, go back neither one method at present to utilize and measured real time data to oil pumping system efficiency calculation, thus realize the fine-grained management to the Real-Time Monitoring of system effectiveness, trend analysis and oil well.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time.

A kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time, solves oil pumping system efficiency Real-Time Monitoring, problem analysis.By calculating the degree of balance of oil well, surface efficiency, Downhole efficiency and system effectiveness in real time, for the Optimal improvements of oil pumping system, the production management in oil field provide foundation, reach raising system efficiency of pumping well, reduce oil pumper energy consumption, reduce the object of cost of production, realize the low-carbon (LC) exploitation in oil field.

A kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time, containing data collection steps and data analysis step;

Data collection steps contains following steps;

Set up oil pumper power graph method oil well automatic gauge and monitoring system, round-the-clockly incessantly Real-Time Monitoring step is carried out to the operation conditions of oil well in administrative block, every ten minutes Real-time Collection merit diagram datas, and carry out Liquid output calculating; Set up electrical quantity data collecting system, the parameters such as Real-time Collection three-phase current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor (PF), are stored in the mass data of Real-time Collection in special database;

Data analysis step contains following steps;

Development system Real time Efficiency monitoring of software, by carrying out computational analysis to the real-time data collection in private database, obtain the dynamic parameter (system effectiveness, surface efficiency, Downhole efficiency, the degree of balance) reflecting system operation situation, contrast stage condition runs variation tendency, delineate the time dependent tendency chart of each technical indicator, be used to guide production.

Advantage of the present invention improves system efficiency of pumping well, reduces oil pumper energy consumption, and reduce cost of production, the production management for oil field provides a reliable foundation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to detailed description below, more completely can understand the present invention better and easily learn wherein many adjoint advantages, but accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, as schemed wherein:

Fig. 1 is a kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time flow chart of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

Detailed description of the invention

Obviously, the many modifications and variations that those skilled in the art do based on aim of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time, containing data collection steps and data analysis step;

Data collection steps contains following steps;

Set up oil pumper power graph method oil well automatic gauge and monitoring system, round-the-clockly incessantly Real-Time Monitoring step is carried out to the operation conditions of oil well in administrative block, every ten minutes Real-time Collection merit diagram datas, and carry out Liquid output calculating; Set up electrical quantity data collecting system, the parameters such as Real-time Collection three-phase current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor (PF), are stored in the mass data of Real-time Collection in special database;

Data analysis step contains following steps;

Development system Real time Efficiency monitoring of software, by carrying out computational analysis to the real-time data collection in private database, obtain the dynamic parameter (system effectiveness, surface efficiency, Downhole efficiency, the degree of balance) reflecting system operation situation, contrast stage condition runs variation tendency, delineate the time dependent tendency chart of each technical indicator, be used to guide production.

(1) Real-Time Monitoring step;

According to pumping unit hanging point displacement changing curve, can by following formula calculate the actual stroke D of pumping unit hanging point in the survey cycle _sus;

D _sus＝max(S)-min(S)

By D _sussubstitute into the pump efficiency α that following formula can calculate current rod-pumped well;

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{Q}{60\·T_{\mathrm{work}}\·N\·D_{\mathrm{sus}}\·\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·D^2}{4}\right)};$

The weight W of fluid column can be calculated by following formula _o(kN);

$W_o={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{oil}}\·9.8\·H_m\·\mathrm{\π}\·\frac{D^2-{{\mathrm{Dr}}_{\mathrm{end}}}^2}{4};$

(wherein, Dr _enddiameter for most end one-level roofbolt)

Variable quantity Dl (m) of roofbolt total length can be calculated by following formula;

$\mathrm{\Δl}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{4\·L_i}{E_i\·\mathrm{\π}\·D_i};$

(wherein, L _irepresent the length of i-th grade of bar, E _irepresent the modulus of elasticity of i-th grade of bar, D _irepresent the diameter of i-th grade of bar, n is the progression of roofbolt);

Pump utilization rate η can be calculated further by following formula _ρ;

${\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{\ρ}}=\frac{\mathrm{\α}\·D_{\mathrm{sus}}}{D_{\mathrm{sus}}-\mathrm{\Δl}};$

According to the spurt of actual measurement, following formula can be utilized to obtain time T (s) of a stroke cycle;

$T=\frac{60}{N};$

By the curve of load of pumping unit hanging point displacement and correspondence, the polished rod diagram in the stroke cycle of oil pumper place test can be obtained; Oil pumper can be obtained in a stroke cycle to polished rod load institute work (polished rod merit) W by using numerical integration algorithm to the area of merit figure _r(kJ);

The mean power of suspension point in a stroke cycle (average polished rod horsepower) P can be obtained according to following formula _r(kW);

$\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}=\frac{W_r}{T};$

According to moisture content, the oil density of oil well, utilize following formula can calculate the density p of oil-water mixture _l(t/m ₃);

ρ _l＝(1-η _water)·ρ _oil+η _water；

According to the value of fluid level depth of oil well and oil pressure and casing pressure, effective lift height H (m) of liquid can be obtained by following formula;

$H=H_m+\frac{(P_o-P_c)\·1000}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_l\·9.8};$

Average water power in the stroke cycle calculated and average polished rod horsepower are substituted into following formula, the average Downhole efficiency of rod pumping system can be calculated

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_d}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{P_h}}{\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}};$

According to motor input power change curve, the method for integration can be utilized to obtain motor Mean Input Power , the average surface efficiency of rod pumping system can be calculated by following formula

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_u}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}}{{\stackrel{\‾}{P}}_{\mathrm{mi}}};$

According to following formula, the average system efficiency of whole rod pumping system can be obtained

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{sys}}}=\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_u}\·\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_d};$

By the characterisitic parameter of motor and the input power of motor, the change curve of the load factor λ of motor in a stroke cycle can be obtained.According to following formula, the power output P of motor can be obtained _mo(kW) change curve: P _mo(t)=P _o× λ (t);

(wherein, P _orepresent the rated power of motor, kW);

Consider that the deceleration device transmission efficiency be made up of driving belt and reduction box affects, the power output P of reduction box can be obtained by following formula _rotime dependent curve.

P _ro(t)＝η _r×P _mo(t)；

(wherein, η _rrepresent the average transmission efficiency of deceleration device)

By P _rowith W _rsubstitute into following formula, the average transmission efficiency of oil pumper quadric chain in a stroke cycle can be obtained; ${\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{link}}}}^{\′}=\frac{{\∫}_0^T{P}_{\mathrm{ro}}\left(t\right)}{W_r}{P}_{\mathrm{ro}};$

By the displacement curve of suspension point and the drive connection of oil pumper quadric chain, the angular displacement curve of crank can be obtained, diagonal displacement curve carries out numerical differentiation and filtering, the time dependent curve of crank rolling velocity ω can be obtained, because crank axle is the output shaft of reduction box, so the time dependent curve of clean moment of torsion on crank axle can be calculated by following formula;

$T_n\left(t\right)=\frac{P_{\mathrm{ro}}\left(t\right)}{\mathrm{\ω}\left(t\right)};$

According to the clean change in torque curve of crank, the degree of balance Epst of oil pumper can be calculated by following formula;

$\mathrm{Epst}=\frac{\max \left(T_{\mathrm{nd}}\right)}{\max \left(T_{\mathrm{nu}}\right)}$

(wherein, max (T _nu) represent the peak value of upstroke crank clean moment of torsion, max (T _nd) represent the peak value of down stroke crank clean moment of torsion);

By polished rod load and the drive characteristic of oil pumper, the load torque T that crank bears can be obtained _l, crank balance torque T can be calculated according to following formula _b;

T _b＝T _l-T _n；

(2) data analysis step:

1. by being arranged on the load transducer on well head polished rod eye and the displacement transducer below walking beam, pumping rod of well pumping unit load and displacement are measured;

2. load and the displacement signal of telecommunication reach control terminal (RTU) in well group control cabinet by cable, then by well group antenna, image data are reached main website receive centre antenna with the form of ripple and carries out data receiver;

3. by data processing point (control centre) wireless server, the signal received is converted to data signal and reaches computer in station;

4. the oil well monitor on computer, measuring software is utilized to carry out monitoring continuously for 24 hours to oil well condition and carry out Analysis on Fault Diagnosis and Liquid output calculating.

Electrical quantity real-time acquisition device: the parameters such as Real-time Collection three-phase current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor (PF).

As mentioned above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but as long as do not depart from inventive point of the present invention in fact and effect can have a lot of distortion, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, such variation is also all included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time, is characterized in that containing data collection steps and data analysis step;

Data collection steps contains following steps;

Set up oil pumper power graph method oil well automatic gauge and monitoring system, round-the-clockly incessantly Real-Time Monitoring step is carried out to the operation conditions of oil well in administrative block, every ten minutes Real-time Collection merit diagram datas, and carry out Liquid output calculating; Set up electrical quantity data collecting system, the parameters such as Real-time Collection three-phase current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor (PF), are stored in the mass data of Real-time Collection in special database;

Data analysis step contains following steps;

Development system Real time Efficiency monitoring of software, by carrying out computational analysis to the real-time data collection in private database, obtain the dynamic parameter (system effectiveness, surface efficiency, Downhole efficiency, the degree of balance) reflecting system operation situation, contrast stage condition runs variation tendency, delineate the time dependent tendency chart of each technical indicator, be used to guide production.

2. a kind of rod pumping system efficiency method of real-time according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

(1) Real-Time Monitoring step;

According to pumping unit hanging point displacement changing curve, by following formula calculate the actual stroke D of pumping unit hanging point in the survey cycle _sus;

D _sus＝max(S)-min(S)；

By D _sussubstitute into the pump efficiency α that following formula calculates current rod-pumped well;

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{Q}{60\·T_{\mathrm{work}}\·N\·D_{\mathrm{sus}}\·\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·D^2}{4}\right)};$

The weight W of fluid column is calculated by following formula _o(kN);

$W_o={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{oil}}\·9.8\·H_m\·\mathrm{\π}\·\frac{D^2-{{\mathrm{Dr}}_{\mathrm{end}}}^2}{4};$

(wherein, Dr _enddiameter for most end one-level roofbolt)

Variable quantity Dl (m) of roofbolt total length is calculated by following formula;

$\mathrm{\Δl}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{4\·L_i}{E_i\·\mathrm{\π}\·D_i};$

(wherein, L _irepresent the length of i-th grade of bar, E _irepresent the modulus of elasticity of i-th grade of bar, D _irepresent the diameter of i-th grade of bar, n is the progression of roofbolt);

Pump utilization rate η is calculated further by following formula _ρ;

${\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{\ρ}}=\frac{\mathrm{\α}\·D_{\mathrm{sus}}}{D_{\mathrm{sus}}-\mathrm{\Δl}};$

According to the spurt of actual measurement, following formula is utilized to obtain time T (s) of a stroke cycle;

$T=\frac{60}{N};$

By the curve of load of pumping unit hanging point displacement and correspondence, obtain the polished rod diagram in the stroke cycle of oil pumper place test; Oil pumper is obtained in a stroke cycle to polished rod load institute work (polished rod merit) W by using numerical integration algorithm to the area of merit figure _r(kJ);

The mean power of suspension point in a stroke cycle (average polished rod horsepower) P is obtained according to following formula _r(kW);

$\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}=\frac{W_r}{T};$

According to moisture content, the oil density of oil well, following formula is utilized to calculate the density p of oil-water mixture _l(t/m ³);

ρ _l＝(1-η _water)·ρ _oil+η _water；

According to the value of fluid level depth of oil well and oil pressure and casing pressure, obtained effective lift height H (m) of liquid by following formula;

$H=H_m+\frac{(P_o-P_c)\·1000}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_l\·9.8};$

Average water power in the stroke cycle calculated and average polished rod horsepower are substituted into following formula, calculates the average Downhole efficiency of rod pumping system

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_d}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{P_h}}{\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}};$

According to motor input power change curve, the method for integration is utilized to obtain motor Mean Input Power , the average surface efficiency of rod pumping system is calculated by following formula

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_u}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{P_r}}{{\stackrel{\‾}{P}}_{\mathrm{mi}}};$

According to following formula, obtain the average system efficiency of whole rod pumping system

$\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{sys}}}=\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_u}\·\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_d};$

By the characterisitic parameter of motor and the input power of motor, obtain the change curve of the load factor λ of motor in a stroke cycle; According to following formula, obtain the power output P of motor _mo(kW) change curve: P _mo(t)=P _oλ (t);

(wherein, P _orepresent the rated power of motor, kW);

Consider that the deceleration device transmission efficiency be made up of driving belt and reduction box affects, obtained the power output P of reduction box by following formula _rotime dependent curve;

P _ro(t)＝η _r·P _mo(t)；

(wherein, η _rrepresent the average transmission efficiency of deceleration device)

By P _rowith W _rsubstitute into following formula, namely obtain the average transmission efficiency of oil pumper quadric chain in a stroke cycle; ${\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{link}}}}^{\′}=\frac{{\∫}_0^T{P}_{\mathrm{ro}}\left(t\right)}{W_r}{P}_{\mathrm{ro}};$

By the displacement curve of suspension point and the drive connection of oil pumper quadric chain, obtain the angular displacement curve of crank, diagonal displacement curve carries out numerical differentiation and filtering, namely the time dependent curve of crank rolling velocity ω is obtained, because crank axle is the output shaft of reduction box, so calculated the time dependent curve of clean moment of torsion on crank axle by following formula;

$T_n\left(t\right)=\frac{P_{\mathrm{ro}}\left(t\right)}{\mathrm{\ω}\left(t\right)};$

According to the clean change in torque curve of crank, namely calculated the degree of balance Epst of oil pumper by following formula;

$\mathrm{Epst}=\frac{\max \left(T_{\mathrm{nd}}\right)}{\max \left(T_{\mathrm{nu}}\right)}$

(wherein, max (T _nu) represent the peak value of upstroke crank clean moment of torsion, max (T _nd) represent the peak value of down stroke crank clean moment of torsion);

By polished rod load and the drive characteristic of oil pumper, obtain the load torque T that crank bears _l, calculate crank balance torque T according to following formula _b;

T _b＝T _l-T _n；

(2) data analysis step:

1. by being arranged on the load transducer on well head polished rod eye and the displacement transducer below walking beam, pumping rod of well pumping unit load and displacement are measured;

2. load and the displacement signal of telecommunication reach control terminal (RTU) in well group control cabinet by cable, then by well group antenna, image data are reached main website receive centre antenna with the form of ripple and carries out data receiver;

3. by data processing point (control centre) wireless server, the signal received is converted to data signal and reaches computer in station;

4. the oil well monitor on computer, measuring software is utilized to carry out monitoring continuously for 24 hours to oil well condition and carry out Analysis on Fault Diagnosis and Liquid output calculating.