CN104213883A - Nozzle for sandblast fracturing - Google Patents
Nozzle for sandblast fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104213883A CN104213883A CN201310218127.6A CN201310218127A CN104213883A CN 104213883 A CN104213883 A CN 104213883A CN 201310218127 A CN201310218127 A CN 201310218127A CN 104213883 A CN104213883 A CN 104213883A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nozzle for sandblast fracturing. The nozzle for sandblast fracturing comprises a nozzle body and a reinforcing layer arranged on the inner surface of the nozzle body, wherein the reinforcing layer comprises multiple abrasion-resistant layers with different degrees of abrasion resistance, the abrasion-resistant layers include the first ceramic layer which is directly adjacent to the nozzle body, the alloy steel layer which is adjacent to the first ceramic layer and a second ceramic layer which is adjacent to the alloy steel layer, and the abrasion resistance of the second ceramic layer is higher than the abrasion resistance of the alloy steel layer. According to the nozzle for sandblast fracturing, the nozzle can be abraded properly during sandblast perforation, the strength of the nozzle can not be reduced seriously, and the discharge capacity can be improved during fracturing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formation breakdown device, particularly a kind of nozzle for sandblasting pressure break.
Background technology
Hydraulic sand blasting pressure break is the new method of a kind of well production increment transformation proposed in recent years, in this approach, first carries out abrasive perforating by ejector, is then flowed out to carry out formation breakdown through ejector by fracturing fluid.For this reason, the nozzle of ejector becomes the critical component of hydraulic sand blasting pressure break.
In the prior art, in order to the application life of prolonging nozzle, large quantity research is carried out to the abrasion resistance of nozzle.Such as, the material of main part of nozzle is chosen as pottery, metal shell is set outside pottery to avoid producing tensile stress, makes nozzle not easily broken, there is higher application life.Also have some nozzles to use stainless steel or carbon steel to be matrix in addition, on matrix, lined ceramics layer is composited.The abrasion resistance of this nozzle is very high, and application life is also very long.
But the problem brought in the abrasion resistance improving nozzle is, during abrasive perforating, the interior latus rectum of nozzle increases hardly, when this will carry out fracturing work after causing perforation, under well head pressure limiting condition, pressing crack construction discharge capacity cannot improve, and affects the effect of fracturing reform.Thus hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technique is mainly used in low discharge capacity, small-scale fracturing reform well.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem existing in prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of nozzle for sandblasting pressure break.This nozzle can suitably be worn and torn during abrasive perforating, but its intensity can not significantly reduce again, can improve the discharge capacity during pressure break.
According to the invention provides a kind of nozzle for sandblasting pressure break, comprising nozzle body, being arranged on the enhancement Layer of nozzle body inner surface, wherein, enhancement Layer comprises the different layer of multi-layer wear-resistant performance.
During abrasive perforating, the enhancement Layer according to nozzle of the present invention by part wears, thus can increase the flow cross of nozzle.Like this, during pressing crack construction, can carry out compared with huge discharge, fairly large construction, improve the effect of increasing production of hydraulic sand blasting pressure break.
In one embodiment, wearing layer comprises the first ceramic layer with nozzle body direct neighbor, and the alloy steel layer adjacent with the first ceramic layer and second ceramic layer adjacent with alloy steel layer, wherein the anti-wear performance of the second ceramic layer is greater than the anti-wear performance of alloy steel layer.By arranging the different layer of abrasion resistance to adapt to abrasive perforating to the different wearing and tearing of sandblasting fracturing process, nozzle is gradually worn down, and flow cross expands gradually.During sandblasting pressure break, also there is the first ceramic layer, thus namely increase the flow cross of nozzle, and the intensity of nozzle does not have large change.
In a preferred embodiment, the first ceramic layer is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron.The anti-wear performance of these potteries is very high, can adapt to the height wearing and tearing during sandblasting pressure break, thus can ensure the carrying out of pressing crack construction.
In another embodiment, the second ceramic layer is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron.Alloy steel layer is 35CrMo.The hardness of the second ceramic layer is greater than the thickness of alloy steel layer, make abrasive perforating period second ceramic layer by Fast Wearing, thus can not can reduce the thickness of nozzle.Second ceramic layer and alloy steel layer can be completely worn during abrasive perforating, to increase the flow cross of nozzle.In addition, alloy steel layer is set between the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer, thus thus the use amount that can reduce ceramic materials reduces the cost of production of nozzle greatly, also can not bring large impact to the size of nozzle.
In one embodiment, the nozzle body one that to be alloy designations be in YG8, YG15, YT15, is preferably YG8.The anti-wear performance of this material is less than the anti-wear performance of ceramic layer, but much larger than the anti-wear performance of alloy steel layer, after the first ceramic layer is damaged, carbide alloy can maintain fracturing work continue carry out.
In one embodiment, the initial interior latus rectum of nozzle: the thickness of the second ceramic layer: the thickness of alloy steel layer: the thickness of the first ceramic layer is in 8 ~ 20:1:4 ~ 8:3 ~ 6.This set makes the circulation area of nozzle during sandblasting pressure break can increase gradually in suitable scope, and the circulation area avoiding nozzle increases suddenly brings adverse effect to pit shaft.In a preferred embodiment, the initial interior latus rectum of nozzle: the thickness of the second ceramic layer: the thickness of alloy steel layer: the thickness of the first ceramic layer equals 10: 1: 5: 4.
In one embodiment, the structure that can be connected with ejector is provided with at the external surface of nozzle body.In a preferred embodiment, the screw thread that can be connected with ejector is provided with at the external surface of nozzle body.Such nozzle is installed on the injector in the mode that can dismantle, so that change, this also facilitates use.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that, nozzle of the present invention is once provided with multilayer enhancement Layer from inside to outside, during pressing crack construction, these enhancement Layers can by part wears, increase the flow cross of nozzle, thus can carry out compared with huge discharge, fairly large construction, improve the effect of increasing production of hydraulic sand blasting pressure break.Enhancement Layer comprises the different layer of three layers of anti-wear performance with the requirement in satisfied different pressing crack construction stage.In addition, nozzle body selects carbide alloy, and carbide alloy has higher anti-wear performance, thus after the first ceramic layer is damaged, carbide alloy can maintain fracturing work continue carry out.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Also will be described in more detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing based on embodiment hereinafter.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to nozzle of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing is not according to the scale of reality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 show schematically show the nozzle 10(for sandblasting pressure break according to the present invention hereinafter referred to as nozzle 10) structure.Nozzle 10 comprises nozzle body 4, is arranged on the enhancement Layer of nozzle body 4 inner surface.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, enhancement Layer comprises the first ceramic layer 3 with nozzle body 4 direct neighbor, the alloy steel layer 2 adjacent with the first ceramic layer 3 and second ceramic layer 1 adjacent with alloy steel layer 2.In pressing crack construction process, part even all enhancement Layer can be gradually worn down disappearance, thus the flow area of nozzle 10 can increase, and improves the effect of increasing production of hydraulic sand blasting pressure break.The external surface of nozzle body 4 is also provided with syndeton to be connected with ejector (not shown), such as this syndeton can be screw thread, should clearly, anyly nozzle 10 and the syndeton that ejector links together in the mode can dismantled can be used here.
In order to adapt to abrasive perforating to the different wearing and tearing of sandblasting fracturing process, the anti-wear performance each layer of enhancement Layer being set to the second ceramic layer 1 is greater than the anti-wear performance of alloy steel layer 2, and the anti-wear performance of the first ceramic layer 3 is greater than the anti-wear performance of the second ceramic layer 1.In addition, in order to make, after the first ceramic layer is damaged, still can to maintain proceeding of fracturing work, also nozzle body 4 also had stronger anti-wear performance.In order to realize these performances, in a specific embodiment, first ceramic layer 3 is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron, second ceramic layer 1 is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron, alloy steel layer 35CrMo, nozzle body 4 is W-Co kind carbide alloy, such as YG8.
First ceramic layer 3 is bonded together by cementing agent and nozzle body 4, in one embodiment, the cementing agent used is commercially available Aremco568 high temperature adhesive, this cementing agent can be high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant and adhesion strength is very high, can ensure that the first ceramic layer 3 is bonded together with nozzle body 4 securely.Similarly, alloy steel layer 2 also can use identical cementing agent to be bonded on the inner surface of the first ceramic layer 3.Second ceramic layer 1 is then arranged on the inner surface of alloy steel layer 2 by the mode of coating.In a preferred embodiment, before inner surface alloy steel layer 2 being bonded to the first ceramic layer 3, first on the inner surface of alloy steel layer 2, apply the second ceramic layer 1, the production difficulty greatly reducing nozzle 10 can be made like this.
According to a specific embodiment of nozzle 10, its use procedure is described below.
In nozzle 10 is initial, latus rectum is arranged on 4mm, and the thickness of the first ceramic layer 3 is 1.6mm, and alloy steel layer thickness is 2mm, and the second ceramic layer 1 thickness is 0.4mm.
In abrasive perforating construction period, the second ceramic layer 1 is constantly worn, and the basic wears of the second ceramic layer 1 after the abrasive perforating stage terminates, during such pressure break, alloy steel layer 2 is just out exposed.Because alloy steel layer 2 abrasion resistance is lower, will soon wear and tear totally during sandblasting pressure break, finally can expose the first ceramic layer 3.The abrasion resistance of the first ceramic layer 3 is very high, can bear the wearing and tearing of sandblasting fracturing process.Like this, during sandblasting pressure break, the interior latus rectum of nozzle 10 increases to 8.8mm by original 4mm, add more than one times, when the quantity of nozzle 10 is constant on the injector, discharge capacity can be enhanced about more than once, and consider increase and the well head pressure limiting of fracturing string (not shown) friction drag in construction, discharge capacity still improves about 0.5 times.
Although invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, without departing from the scope of the invention, various improvement can be carried out to it and parts wherein can be replaced with equivalent.Especially, only otherwise there is structural hazard, the every technical characteristic mentioned in each embodiment all can combine in any way.The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed in literary composition, but comprises all technical schemes fallen in the scope of claim.
Claims (10)
1. for a nozzle for sandblasting pressure break, comprise nozzle body, be arranged on the enhancement Layer of described nozzle body inner surface,
Wherein, described enhancement Layer comprises the different layer of multi-layer wear-resistant performance.
2. nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wearing layer comprises the first ceramic layer with described nozzle body direct neighbor, the alloy steel layer adjacent with described first ceramic layer and second ceramic layer adjacent with described alloy steel layer, the anti-wear performance of wherein said second ceramic layer is greater than the anti-wear performance of alloy steel layer.
3. nozzle according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described first ceramic layer is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron.
4. the nozzle according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described second ceramic layer is the composite material that diamond is combined with cubic boron.
5. the nozzle according to any one of claim 2 to 4, is characterized in that, described alloy steel layer is 35CrMo.
6. nozzle according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described nozzle body one that to be alloy designations be in YG8, YG15, YT15, is preferably YG8.
7. the nozzle according to any one of claim 2 to 6, is characterized in that, latus rectum in nozzle is initial: the thickness of the second ceramic layer: the thickness of alloy steel layer: the thickness of the first ceramic layer is in 8 ~ 20:1:4 ~ 8:3 ~ 6.
8. nozzle according to claim 7, is characterized in that, latus rectum in nozzle is initial: the thickness of the second ceramic layer: the thickness of alloy steel layer: the thickness of the first ceramic layer equals 10: 1: 5: 4.
9. the nozzle according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, is provided with the structure that can be connected with ejector at the external surface of described nozzle body.
10. nozzle according to claim 9, is characterized in that, is provided with the screw thread that can be connected with ejector at the external surface of described nozzle body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310218127.6A CN104213883B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Nozzle for sandblasting pressure break |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310218127.6A CN104213883B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Nozzle for sandblasting pressure break |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104213883A true CN104213883A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104213883B CN104213883B (en) | 2018-03-30 |
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| CN201310218127.6A Active CN104213883B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Nozzle for sandblasting pressure break |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106761596A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of casing protection sanding machine |
| CN110821179A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-21 | 湖南精城特种陶瓷有限公司 | Pump sending cement pole spout connects |
| CN112814631A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-05-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, abrasive water jet flow operation system and method |
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2013
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106761596A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of casing protection sanding machine |
| CN110821179A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-21 | 湖南精城特种陶瓷有限公司 | Pump sending cement pole spout connects |
| CN112814631A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-05-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, abrasive water jet flow operation system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104213883B (en) | 2018-03-30 |
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