CN104212985A - Preparation method of low-H content aerospace aluminum alloy melt - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-H content aerospace aluminum alloy melt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a low-H content aerospace aluminum alloy melt. The method comprises such steps as smelting, refining and gas and slag removal; in the gas and slag removing process, a two-stage gas and slag removing system is adopted, so that the gas removing effect of the aluminum alloy melt is better; and the H content of the aerospace aluminum alloy melt can be controlled below 0.07 ml/100 gAl, so that the quality requirements of a future aerospace aluminum alloy can be satisfied, and such defects as looseness, air holes and slag inclusion in aluminum alloy ingot casting are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt.
Background technology
The good characteristics such as density is little, specific tenacity is high, specific rigidity is high owing to having, good springiness, shock resistance are good, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting for aluminum and aluminum alloy mateial, high connductivity, high heat conduction, easily surface colour, easily processing, recyclable regeneration, are widely used in the industries such as communications and transportation, packaging vessel, building decoration, aerospace, mechanical electric apparatus, telecommunications, petrochemical complex.Especially, in aerospace industry, because aluminium is first-selected lightweight structure material, therefore consumption is very large.In aeroplane timber, aluminium consumption amount accounts for more than 80%.Aerospacecraft have high maneuverability, high-load, high resistance to compression and high antifatigue and at a high speed with the feature of high reliability, therefore aluminium alloy metallurgical quality is required strict, not only strictly to control oxide film, inclusion content in molten aluminium, and require that hydrogen richness is more low better.
The metallurgical quality of aluminum alloy materials, as hydrogen content, oxide film, the hard nut to crack that defect is puzzlement aluminium processing enterprise and aerospace industry always such as to be mingled with.After refining, there is the objectionable impuritiess such as hydrogen, oxide film, inclusion due to aluminium alloy, defects such as easily forming pore in aluminum alloy casting, loosen, be mingled with, direct physicals, mechanical property and the use properties affecting aluminum alloy casting, therefore must remove these objectionable impuritiess before casting.The theory and aluminum current melt online dehydrogenation purifying method Main Basis bubble swims, namely in molten aluminium, a large amount of bubble is blown into, the hydrogen in the dividing potential drop official post molten aluminium of hydrogen in molten aluminium and bubble is utilized constantly to diffuse in bubble, and overflow to bath surface along with bubble floating, thus reach dehydrogenation object.
Specify in national standard that in aviation alloyed aluminium, hydrogen richness wants <0.10ml/100gAl.H content in melt can control at 0.08 ~ 0.15ml/100gAl by the Alcoa469 method of Alcoa; H content in melt can control in 0.08 ~ 0.12ml/100gAl level by the swivel nozzle rare gas element method (SNIF) of swimming of U.S. combinating carbide company exploitation.And the Hydrogen Content in Molten Aluminum content that current domestic Ar purification techniques obtains is all in the level of >=0.08 ml/100gAl, if technique fluctuates in wet weather and production process, hydrogen richness is just likely higher than 0.10 ml/100gAl.But along with socioeconomic development, aerospace field is had higher requirement for material property, in alloy, hydrogen richness is more low better especially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt is provided, the method is passed through from technology controlling and process such as alloy melting, slagging-off, degasification, filtrations, Hydrogen In Molten Aluminum Alloys content is made to be reduced to below 0.07ml/100g, with the requirement of satisfied following aerospace aluminium alloy quality.
The present invention is achieved in that
A preparation method for low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt, is characterized in that: its method comprises the steps such as melting, refining and degasification slagging-off, and process is as follows:
(1) melting: purity is reached in 99.75% and above aluminium ingot input smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then alloying constituent is adjusted, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid at melting in-furnace time lower than 8h;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 710 ~ 760 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 710 ~ 760 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 40 ~ 80L/min, refining time controls at 10 ~ 30min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 20 ~ 30min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, online degasification, slagging-off adopt the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 2 ~ 4m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 710 ~ 760 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
In above-described aluminium ingot, wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium lower than 30%.
The online degasification of above-described secondary and slag removing system for first to carry out the online degasification of one-level and the online degasification of secondary, and then carry out one-level and to remove the gred online and secondary removes the gred online; Or first carry out the online degasification of one-level and one-level removes the gred online, and then carry out the online degasification of secondary and secondary removes the gred online.
The online degasification of above-described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, flow is 1 ~ 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.02 ~ 0.05, and dividing potential drop is 0.10 ~ 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 300 ~ 500rpm/min.
The online degasification of above-described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and flow is 1 ~ 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.10 ~ 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 300 ~ 500rpm/min.
Above-described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 30 ~ 50ppi, and secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 30 ~ 70ppi ceramic filter plate.
Outstanding substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress are:
1, the present invention adopts secondary degasification in degasification slag removal, makes the better effects if of degasification, the H content in space flight and aviation aluminium alloy melt can be controlled at below 0.07ml/100gAl, can meet the requirement of following aerospace aluminium alloy quality.
2, aluminium alloy melt of the present invention removes oxide compound, non-metallic inclusion and other harmful metal impurity in molten aluminium in preparation process by cascade filtration system, greatly can reduce the defects such as loose, pore, the slag inclusion in aluminium alloy cast ingot.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
To produce 2219 aluminium alloys:
(1) melting: purity is reached 99.75% and above aluminium ingot, wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium is 28%, drop in smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then adjust alloying constituent, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid is 7h at melting in-furnace time;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 710-715 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 710-715 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 40L/min, refining time controls at 10min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 20min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, online degasification, slagging-off adopt the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that described online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 2m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 710-715 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
The online degasification of described secondary and slag removing system for first to carry out the online degasification of one-level and the online degasification of secondary, and then carry out one-level and to remove the gred online and secondary removes the gred online.
The online degasification of described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, flow is 1m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.02, and dividing potential drop is 0.10MPa, and rotor speed is 300rpm/min.
The online degasification of described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and flow is 1m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.10MPa, and rotor speed is 300rpm/min.
Described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 30ppi, and secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 30ppi ceramic filter plate.
Embodiment 2
To produce 2219 aluminium alloys:
(1) melting: purity is reached 99.75% and above aluminium ingot, wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium is 25%, drop in smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then adjust alloying constituent, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid is 6h at melting in-furnace time;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 720 ~ 725 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 720 ~ 725 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 50L/min, refining time controls at 15min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 22min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, online degasification, slagging-off adopt the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that described online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 3m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 720 ~ 725 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
The online degasification of described secondary and slag removing system for first carrying out the online degasification of one-level and one-level removes the gred online, and then carry out the online degasification of secondary and secondary removes the gred online.
The online degasification of described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, flow is 2m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.03, and dividing potential drop is 0.20MPa, and rotor speed is 400rpm/min.
The online degasification of described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and flow is 2m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.20MPa, and rotor speed is 400rpm/min.
Described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 40ppi, and secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 50ppi ceramic filter plate.
Embodiment 3
To produce 7150 aluminium alloys:
(1) melting: purity is reached 99.75% and above aluminium ingot, wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium is 20%, drop in smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then adjust alloying constituent, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid is 6.5h at melting in-furnace time;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 730 ~ 740 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 730 ~ 740 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 60L/min, refining time controls at 20min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 25min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, online degasification, slagging-off adopt the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that described online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 4m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 730 ~ 740 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
The online degasification of above-described secondary and slag removing system for first to carry out the online degasification of one-level and the online degasification of secondary, and then carry out one-level and to remove the gred online and secondary removes the gred online.
The online degasification of described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, flow is 3m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.04, and dividing potential drop is 0.25MPa, and rotor speed is 450rpm/min.
The online degasification of described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and flow is 3m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.25MPa, and rotor speed is 450rpm/min.
Described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 45ppi, and secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 60ppi ceramic filter plate.
Embodiment 4
To produce 7150 aluminium alloys:
(1) melting: purity is reached 99.75% and above aluminium ingot, wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium is 23%, drop in smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then adjust alloying constituent, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid is 6h at melting in-furnace time;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 755 ~ 760 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 755 ~ 760 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 80L/min, refining time controls at 30min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 30min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, online degasification, slagging-off adopt the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that described online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 4m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 755 ~ 760 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
The online degasification of described secondary and slag removing system for first carrying out the online degasification of one-level and one-level removes the gred online, and then carry out the online degasification of secondary and secondary removes the gred online.
The online degasification of described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, flow is 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.05, and dividing potential drop is 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 500rpm/min.
The online degasification of described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and flow is 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 500rpm/min.
Described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 50ppi, and secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 70ppi ceramic filter plate.
The contrast of hydrogen richness before and after aluminium alloy melt degasification of the present invention:
| Product | The aluminium alloy trade mark | Temperature | Ml/100g Al before degasification | Ml/100g Al after filtering |
| Embodiment 1 | 2219 aluminium alloys | 712 | 0.35 | 0.065 |
| Embodiment 2 | 2219 aluminium alloys | 723 | 0.32 | 0.060 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7150 aluminium alloys | 735 | 0.30 | 0.055 |
| Embodiment 4 | 7150 aluminium alloys | 760 | 0.30 | 0.056 |
As can be seen from the above table after secondary degasification, Hydrogen In Molten Aluminum Alloys content is reduced to below 0.07ml/100g, exceedes national standard requirement; Meet the requirement of following aerospace aluminium alloy quality completely.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt, is characterized in that: comprise the steps such as melting, refining and degasification slagging-off, process is as follows:
(1) melting: purity is reached in 99.75% and above aluminium ingot input smelting furnace and carry out melting, weighted and after shove charge by proportioning, adopt the heat-accumulating type nozzle of heat energy efficiency and good leak tightness to melt aluminium stove and carry out melting, speed of melting is accelerated by induction stirring in fusion process, and with forklift for slag, slag operation is taken off to aluminium liquid slag inclusion, control slag-removing time and be less than 45 minutes, after skimming, composition analysis is carried out in sampling, then alloying constituent is adjusted, make its alloying constituent reach requirement, aluminium liquid at melting in-furnace time lower than 8h;
(2) refining: go in holding furnace the interpolation of carrying out easy scaling loss alloying element and insulation after aluminium liquid is heated to 710 ~ 760 DEG C, leave standstill, and carry out furnace refining, after aluminium liquid proceeds to holding furnace, open induction stirring, and be again heated to 710 ~ 760 DEG C, elementary refining is carried out after alloying constituent is qualified, Ar is adopted during refining, gas flow controls at 40 ~ 80L/min, refining time controls at 10 ~ 30min, need in refining process to clear up the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, stopping induction stirring after refining completes, and aluminium alloy melt is left standstill 20 ~ 30min;
(3) degasification slagging-off: after having left standstill, carry out online degasification, slagging-off immediately to molten aluminium, what online degasification, slagging-off adopted is the online degasification of secondary, slag removing system, and that online degasification adopts is N
2as blanketing gas, prevent the aluminium liquid generation secondary oxidation after purifying, gas flow is 2 ~ 4m
3/ h, in degassing procedure, temperature of aluminum liquid remains between 710 ~ 760 DEG C, last filter cleaner, and the molten aluminium after filtration can directly be poured into a mould.
2. the preparation method of a kind of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described aluminium ingot, and wherein one-level reclaims the content of aluminium lower than 30%.
3. the preparation method of a kind of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the online degasification of described secondary and slag removing system for first to carry out the online degasification of one-level and the online degasification of secondary, and then carry out one-level and to remove the gred online and secondary removes the gred online; Or first carry out the online degasification of one-level and one-level removes the gred online, and then carry out the online degasification of secondary and secondary removes the gred online.
4. the preparation method of a kind of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the online degasification of described one-level adopts Ar and Cl
2mixed gas degasification, gas flow is 1 ~ 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, Ar and Cl
2throughput ratio is 1:0.02 ~ 0.05, and dividing potential drop is 0.10 ~ 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 300 ~ 500rpm/min.
5. the preparation method of a kind of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the online degasification of described secondary is that Ar adopts degasification, and gas flow is 1 ~ 5m
3/ t molten aluminium, dividing potential drop is 0.10 ~ 0.30MPa, and rotor speed is 300 ~ 500rpm/min.
6. the preparation method of a kind of low H content aerospace aluminium alloy melt according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described one-level removes the gred online, and what adopt is the ceramic filter plate of 30 ~ 50ppi, secondary removes the gred online, and what adopt is 30 ~ 70ppi ceramic filter plate.
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| CN107377914A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-24 | 江西金世纪特种焊接材料有限公司 | A kind of Welded material melting continuous casting installation for casting |
| CN111004939A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Molten aluminum deslagging method for 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging ingot casting |
| CN111394602A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏科技大学 | High-quality aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113186408A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-30 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy ingot |
| CN113369482A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-09-10 | 广东鸿邦金属铝业有限公司 | Molten aluminum smelting method and molten aluminum |
| CN117452866A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Dynamic intelligent control method for aluminum alloy refining |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117452866A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Dynamic intelligent control method for aluminum alloy refining |
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