CN104211395B - A kind of lead-free piezoceramic material and preparation method applied to collection of energy device - Google Patents
A kind of lead-free piezoceramic material and preparation method applied to collection of energy device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of lead-free piezoceramic material and preparation method applied to collection of energy device, belong to piezoceramic material field.By Nb2O5With being dissolved in deionized water after KOH mixed calcinings, the white precipitate obtained by nitric acid titrates is dissolved in oxalic acid and obtains soluble niobium；With ammonia water titration pH=10~11, white precipitate is obtained；It is dissolved in citric acid and obtains solution A；K2CO3、Na2CO3、Li2CO3It is dissolved in water and forms solution B, then Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B；Solution A and B Hybrid Heatings are obtained into colloidal sol, powder is obtained after drying, heat treatment.After powder granulating and forming, 950~1050 DEG C sinter ceramic body into.The inventive method is simple, energy consumption is low；Prepared lead-free piezoceramic material has higher electromechanical conversion coefficient, meets collection of energy device requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lead-free piezoceramic material and preparation method applied to collection of energy device, belong to piezoelectricity
Ceramic material field.
Background technology
It is growing with wireless technology and micro-electromechanical technology, it is necessary to the tradition of periodic replacement based on chemical cell
The drawbacks of energy-provision way, increasingly appears.Piezoelectric energy collector is a kind of novel environmental energy acquisition technology, and the device is based on pressure
The direct piezoelectric effect of electric material, mechanical vibrational energy nearly ubiquitous in environment is changed into recycling electric energy, so as to
The self-powered of micro electro mechanical device such as wireless sensor node etc. is realized, therefore is had broad application prospects.High-energy-density pressure
The acquisition of electric material is to prepare the key of piezoelectric energy collector, therefore carries out the high-energy-density pressure for being suitable for energy harvester
Electric material research is even more important.
The piezoceramic material for being now widely used in collection of energy device is mainly lead zirconate titanate (PZT) matrix system.In recent years
Carry out the pay attention to day by day to environmental protection and sustainable development with countries in the world, development substitutes the new of poisonous and harmful plumbum-based material
High-performance Pb-free piezoelectric ceramics is as one of urgent task of various countries ceramic science man
In order to meet the requirement of piezoelectric energy collecting device, piezoelectric ceramics must have higher energy density μ, i.e.,
μ=1/2 (d*g) (F/A)2
d：Piezoelectric strain constant g：Piezoelectric field constant
F：Active force A：Area
It can be seen from above formula for material in itself for, higher energy density should be by electromechanical conversion coefficient (d*
G) determine, and because g=d/ εT, so the material of high electromechanical conversion coefficient (d*g) need to be provided simultaneously with high piezoelectric constant d and
Low-k εT.But the lead-free piezoceramic material of conventional solid technique synthesis is difficult to have high piezoelectric constant and low concurrently simultaneously
Dielectric constant, thus performance requirement of the collection of energy device to material high-energy-density can not be met.For example, 2013, Koryo
In-Tae Seo of university et al. attempt to prepare the potassium-sodium niobate towards the application of piezoelectric energy collector using conventional solid technique
KNN base lead-free (bibliography：In-TaeChang-HoiDaniel Song,§Min-Soo
Bo-YunSahnYoung-Sik Kim,§Tae-Hyun Sung,‖and Hyun-Cheol
“Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics and Their
Energy Harvester Characteristics, " J.Am.Ceram.Soc., 96 [4] 1024-1028 (2013)).As a result
It has been shown that, although material has higher mechanical quality factor Qm(803) and relatively low dielectric loss tan δ (0.009), but change
Can coefficient (dg) very low (4911 × 10-15m2/ N), it can not meet that high performance piezoelectric energy harvester manufactures needs.
The present invention organically combines sol gel process and doping techniques, by building Mn doping in liquid phase environment
Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Colloid, realize that raw material mixes with dopant in the uniform of molecular state, so as to compared with low heat-treatment temperature
Lower synthesis high activity doping ultra-fine nano-powder, and further sinter to prepare and meet piezoelectric energy collecting device requirement
High-energy-density lead-free ceramicses material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of pottery of the leadless piezoelectric with high-energy-density applied to collection of energy device
Ceramic material and preparation method thereof.The Mn doping Na prepared in the present invention0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Piezoceramic material has higher
Energy density, the performance requirement of collection of energy device can be met.So-called energy density refers in unit space or quality
The size of contained energy, specific to piezoceramic material, high-energy-density is mainly determined by big electromechanical conversion coefficient (d*g).
The above-mentioned lead-free piezoceramic material with high-energy-density of the present invention, it is characterised in that be Mn doping
Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3, matrix chemical composition is：Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn, x numerical value are 0.5~3.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned lead-free piezoceramic material nanometer powder with high-energy-density, it is characterised in that pass through
Doped sol gel technology obtains, and specifically includes following steps：
(1) by niobium pentaoxide and potassium hydroxide (preferably in molar ratio 1：10) it is positioned in platinum crucible and passes through after mixed grinding
350 DEG C of 2~3h of calcining, products therefrom are added dropwise nitric acid to pH=2~3 after being dissolved in deionized water, obtain white precipitate, centrifugation is received
Collection precipitates and precipitation is washed with deionized removes potassium ion for several times；It will be precipitated and dissolved in oxalic acid solution, heating stirring is to clear
Clearly, filtering obtains pale yellow transparent solubility niobium solution；
(2) take the soluble niobium solution of gained in step (1), ammoniacal liquor be added dropwise to pH=10~11, be centrifuged and go from
Sub- water washing obtains white precipitate；Gained white precipitate is dissolved in the aqueous citric acid solution that concentration is 0.5~2mol/L, added
Thermal agitation obtains clear solution A, and the niobium in niobium pentaoxide is transferred in clear solution A substantially；By K2CO3、Na2CO3、Li2CO3
According to Na after being dried in drying box0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Middle stoichiometric proportion, is dissolved in deionized water, obtained solution B,
According to Mn dopings again Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B；Resulting solution A is mixed with resulting solution B, 70~90 DEG C add
2~5h of thermal agitation obtains vitreosol；Gained vitreosol is put into drying box, 100 DEG C of dryings, obtains transparent xerogel；Will
Xerogel handles 2h organics removals at 350 DEG C and obtains intermediate product；After gained intermediate product is fully ground, 500~
3~6h is calcined at 700 DEG C, obtains Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn nano-powders.
Further Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn powders can obtain the ceramic body of densification, its technique side by firing
Method is characterised by：Use polyvinyl alcohol water solution (run-of-the-mill concentration is 5%) will as binding agent
Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn powders are granulated, and (such as pressure 100Mpa) is molded under elevated pressure, and 2 are incubated in 560 DEG C
Hour dumping.Using double sealed crucibles, and add Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn ceramic powders make it in sintering temperature
Lower to be used as protective atmosphere, firing temperature is 950 DEG C~1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 2~4h.According to above-mentioned process, can obtain
To the ceramics of dense uniform.Potsherd is by upper silver electrode, in 150 DEG C of silicone oil, 40kVcm-1Voltage under polarize 30min, so
Electric performance test is carried out to sample afterwards.
Generally preferably：Volume is taken to calculate niobium in clear solution A by the solution concentration and step (2) of step (1)
Amount.
The above-mentioned material of the present invention is applied to collection of energy device.Wherein, best sample is：
Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- 2%Mn, i.e. Mn (CH3COO)2When the Mn doping weight/mass percentage compositions that dosage makes are 2%, its performance
It is optimal, d33=220pc/N, εT=550, g33=45.20, d33·g33=9944 × 10-15m2/ N, meet collection of energy device
Performance requirement.
Compared with other inventive techniques, the present invention has following remarkable advantage：
(1) niobium pentaoxide that is cheap, being easily obtained is converted into solvable by this method by simple chemical conversion
Property niobium salt, it is expensive largely to solve the problems, such as that sol-gel process prepares niobium alkoxide used during niobate powder.Institute
Powder granularity is uniform, sintering activity is big, and the sintered body to prepare fine and close at a lower temperature provides possibility.
(2) this method is raw material is evenly mixed under liquid phase environment, and avoid is made using solid phase method doped chemical
Raw material mixing is uneven, the shortcomings of so as to cause performance degradation.This method preparation technology is simple, and cost is low, prepared leadless piezoelectric
Ceramic material Environmental Safety, there is higher electromechanical conversion coefficient (d33·g33), collection of energy device is can be applied to, is had potential
Society and economic implications.
When Mn contents are 0.5%~3%, electromechanical conversion coefficient is maintained at 6500~10000 × 10-15m2In the range of/N,
Meet collection of energy device requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) collection of illustrative plates of different products, wherein, each diffraction curve be respectively by embodiment 1~
Na obtained by 40.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3The XRD spectrum of-x%Mn powders；
Fig. 2：The morphology microstructure transmission electron microscope picture that embodiment 1 obtains；
Fig. 3：The Na that embodiment 3 obtains0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of -2%Mn ceramics；
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage that the present invention is furture elucidated, but the present invention never only office
It is limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) by niobium pentaoxide and potassium hydroxide in molar ratio 1：10 mix and are positioned in platinum crucible after being fully ground and pass through
360 DEG C of calcining 3h, obtain product and are dissolved in deionized water；PH=2 is titrated to nitric acid, obtains a large amount of white precipitates, by white
Precipitation centrifugal process is collected and is washed with deionized is dissolved in oxalic acid solution afterwards for several times, and heating stirring is to dissolving is precipitated, finally
Pale yellow transparent solubility niobium solution is obtained after filtering, Nb in solution is measured using ICP fluorescent spectrometries5+Concentration；
(2) measure the soluble niobium solution of gained in quantification steps (1) with measuring tank, ammoniacal liquor be added dropwise to pH=10~11, through from
The heart separates and deionized water washing obtains white precipitate；Gained white precipitate is dissolved in the lemon that concentration is 0.5~2mol/L
In aqueous acid, heating stirring obtains clear solution A, and the niobium in niobium pentaoxide is transferred in clear solution A substantially；Will
K2CO3、Na2CO3、Li2CO3According to Na after being dried in drying box0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Middle stoichiometric proportion, it is dissolved in a small amount of
In deionized water, obtained solution B, by Mn doping 0.5% again Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B；By resulting solution A
Mixed with resulting solution B, 70~90 DEG C of 2~5h of heating stirring obtain vitreosol；Gained vitreosol is put into drying box,
100 DEG C of dry 48h, obtain transparent xerogel；Xerogel is handled into 2h organics removals at 350 DEG C and obtains intermediate product；Will
After gained intermediate product is fully ground, 5h is calcined at 500 DEG C, obtains Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- 0.5%Mn nano powders
Body.
(3)Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- 0.5%Mn powders can obtain the ceramic body of densification, its technique side by firing
Method is characterised by：Use mass concentration for 5% polyvinyl alcohol water solution as binding agent by Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3—
0.5%Mn powders are granulated, and in 100Mpa forming under the pressure, 2 hours dumpings are incubated in 560 DEG C.Using double sealed crucibles, and
Add Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- 0.5%Mn ceramic powders make it be used as protective atmosphere at a sintering temperature, in firing temperature
Ceramic of compact is obtained after being incubated 2h at 1020 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
In step (2), by the Mn (CH of doping 1%3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B, ceramic sintering temperature 1000
DEG C, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In step (2), by Mn doping 2% by Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B, ceramic sintering temperature is
980 DEG C, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In step (2), by Mn doping 3% by Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B, ceramic sintering temperature is
960 DEG C, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Above-described embodiment performance comparison table
Claims (5)
1. the lead-free piezoceramic material with high-energy-density for collection of energy device, it is characterised in that be Mn doping
Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3, matrix chemical composition is：Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn, x numerical value are 0.5~3；
Its preparation method, obtained by doped sol gel technology, specifically include following steps：
(1) will be positioned over after niobium pentaoxide and potassium hydroxide mixed grinding in platinum crucible through 350 DEG C of 2~3h of calcining, gained production
Nitric acid is added dropwise to pH=2~3 after being dissolved in deionized water in thing, obtains white precipitate, is collected by centrifugation and precipitates and be washed with deionized water
Wash precipitation and remove potassium ion for several times；It will be precipitated and dissolved in oxalic acid solution, for heating stirring to clarifying, filtering obtains pale yellow transparent
Soluble niobium solution；
(2) the soluble niobium solution of gained in step (1) is taken, ammoniacal liquor is added dropwise to pH=10~11, is centrifuged and deionized water
Washing obtains white precipitate；Gained white precipitate is dissolved in the aqueous citric acid solution that concentration is 0.5~2mol/L, heating is stirred
Mix to obtain clear solution A, the niobium in niobium pentaoxide is transferred in clear solution A substantially；By K2CO3、Na2CO3、Li2CO3Yu Gan
According to Na after being dried in dry case0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Middle stoichiometric proportion, is dissolved in deionized water, obtained solution B, according to
Mn dopings are again Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B；Resulting solution A is mixed with resulting solution B, 70~90 DEG C of heating are stirred
Mix 2~5h and obtain vitreosol；Gained vitreosol is put into drying box, 100 DEG C of dryings, obtains transparent xerogel；Will be dry solidifying
Glue handles 2h organics removals at 350 DEG C and obtains intermediate product；After gained intermediate product is fully ground, at 500~700 DEG C
3~6h of lower calcining, obtains Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn nano-powders.
2. prepare the lead-free piezoceramic material with high-energy-density for collection of energy device described in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that obtained by doped sol gel technology, specifically include following steps：
(1) will be positioned over after niobium pentaoxide and potassium hydroxide mixed grinding in platinum crucible through 350 DEG C of 2~3h of calcining, gained production
Nitric acid is added dropwise to pH=2~3 after being dissolved in deionized water in thing, obtains white precipitate, is collected by centrifugation and precipitates and be washed with deionized water
Wash precipitation and remove potassium ion for several times；It will be precipitated and dissolved in oxalic acid solution, for heating stirring to clarifying, filtering obtains pale yellow transparent
Soluble niobium solution；
(2) the soluble niobium solution of gained in step (1) is taken, ammoniacal liquor is added dropwise to pH=10~11, is centrifuged and deionized water
Washing obtains white precipitate；Gained white precipitate is dissolved in the aqueous citric acid solution that concentration is 0.5~2mol/L, heating is stirred
Mix to obtain clear solution A, the niobium in niobium pentaoxide is transferred in clear solution A substantially；By K2CO3、Na2CO3、Li2CO3Yu Gan
According to Na after being dried in dry case0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3Middle stoichiometric proportion, is dissolved in deionized water, obtained solution B, according to
Mn dopings are again Mn (CH3COO)2It is dissolved in solution B；Resulting solution A is mixed with resulting solution B, 70~90 DEG C of heating are stirred
Mix 2~5h and obtain vitreosol；Gained vitreosol is put into drying box, 100 DEG C of dryings, obtains transparent xerogel；Will be dry solidifying
Glue handles 2h organics removals at 350 DEG C and obtains intermediate product；After gained intermediate product is fully ground, at 500~700 DEG C
3~6h of lower calcining, obtains Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn nano-powders.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that step (1) niobium pentaoxide and potassium hydroxide mol ratio 1：10.
4. preparing the method for the ceramic body of the lead-free piezoceramic material with high-energy-density described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn powders can obtain the ceramic body of densification by firing, and its technique side is included such as
Under：Using polyvinyl alcohol water solution as binding agent by Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn nano-powders are granulated,
Pressurization is lower to be molded, and 2 hours dumpings are incubated in 560 DEG C；Using double sealed crucibles, and add Na0.46K0.46Li0.08NbO3- x%Mn
Ceramic powder makes it be used as protective atmosphere at a sintering temperature, and firing temperature is 950 DEG C~1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 2~4h,
It can obtain the ceramics of dense uniform.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that the pressure 100MPa under pressurizeing.
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| 铌酸锂钠钾纳米粉体的溶胶-凝胶法合成及其相转变;王超等;《化学学报》;20091231;第67卷(第3期);第203-207页 * |
| 锰掺杂对（K0.5Na0.5）NbO3-LiNbO3压电陶瓷结构和性能的影响;李圣等;《材料导报：研究篇》;20091130;第23卷(第11期);第9-11页 * |
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