CN104202168A - Cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cloud data integrity verification method based on a trusted third party, which comprises the following specific implementation processes: the data owner divides the data into blocks and signs the data to obtain data integrity metadata and stores the data integrity metadata in a trusted third party; and the trusted third party communicates with the cloud server through a challenge response protocol to verify the data integrity. Compared with the prior art, the cloud data integrity verification method based on the trusted third party ensures that the integrity of data stored in the cloud server is verified on the basis that a user does not access original data, and meanwhile, information used by a data holder for data integrity is not leaked; under the condition that a cloud service provider is not trusted, accuracy of cloud data integrity verification can be guaranteed, and practicability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cloud computing technology field, specifically a kind of practical, cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party.
Background technology
Cloud computing can realize the demand of anywhere, random time, arbitrary data access and guarantee legal compliance etc., for storage demand is unpredictable, need the user of expensive storage to bring more convenience and benefit.By buying as required cloud service, not only can reduce the storage and maintenance pressure of subscriber's local, when reducing investment outlay for user, also save social resources and the energy.But the fail safe of cloud computing, reliability and service level etc. also exist great number of issues urgently to be resolved hurrily.Because user has lost the physical control to data reliability and fail safe, the data integrity in cloud computing just becomes one of safety problem of user's worry.Due to the huge communication cost that large-scale data causes, user verifies its integrality after can not downloading data to this locality again.Therefore, how to ensure the safety of data in Cloud Server, how helping user to carry out data integrity checking just becomes a study hotspot.
Existing data integrity proof scheme has: provable data are held PDP scheme, provable data are recovered POR scheme etc.Whether PDP scheme can detect storage data complete, but cannot guarantee data restorability; POR scheme has guaranteed the restorability of storage data.There is the following defect in existing scheme: most of scheme, based on public key cryptography technology, need to be carried out a large amount of Montgomery Algorithm conventionally, so computing cost is very large, when particularly data volume is large, efficiency is not high; Do not consider Data Update problem, can only be for the filing storage of static data, dynamic operation that can not supported data; Do not consider data recovery technique, although can high put letter and detect the damage of data, but can not correctly recover initial data, so practicality is not strong.
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party of withdrawing deposit out, in the method, data owner, by deblocking data signature, obtains data integrity metadata and is saved in trusted third party; Trusted third party is by challenge response agreement and Cloud Server authentication data integrity, thus the accuracy of assurance cloud data integrity checking.
Summary of the invention
Technical assignment of the present invention is for above weak point, and a kind of practical, cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party is provided.
A cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party, the enforcement of the method completes by Cloud Server, data owner and trusted third party, wherein
Cloud Server: according to SLA agreement, the data of storage data owner trustship, the challenge response request of response trusted third party;
Data owner: the owner of data, select cloud service business, upload the data in cloud service business's Cloud Server and store, to trusted third party, propose cloud data integrity checking request, and receive integrality the result;
Trusted third party: be independent of data owner and cloud service business, and be the third party who both trusts, the integrality metadata of save data, utilizes challenge response agreement that the data integrity service for checking credentials is provided, and the result is returned to data owner;
Following three steps of cloud data integrity proof procedure: data preliminary treatment, data storage, data integrity checking, wherein:
One, data preliminary treatment:
1) data owner constructs the integrality metadata of this end, sends trusted third party to; Data are uploaded to Cloud Server by escape way simultaneously;
2) trusted third party receives after the integrality metadata of data owner's end, the integrality of usage data owner public key certificate checking integrality metadata; By rear, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data;
3) Cloud Server receives after data, and the integrality metadata of structure Cloud Server end also sends to trusted third party;
4) trusted third party is used after the integrality metadata of Cloud Server public key certificate checking Cloud Server transmission, verifies the integrality of this integrality metadata; After coupling, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data completely;
Two, data storage: Cloud Server receives after data, the data that storage data owner uploads and the integrality metadata of Cloud Server end;
Three, data integrity checking:
A) data owner sends cloud data integrity checking request, the integrality of requests verification data or the integrality of some data blocks to trusted third party; Trusted third party sends challenge information to Cloud Server after receiving integrality verification request, and to challenge information digital signature;
B) Cloud Server is verified this information, after by checking, according to storage concordance list, finds the corresponding server of these data, from this server, obtains this data block digital signature;
C) trusted third party, after receiving the metadata that Cloud Server returns, verifies according to data owner and Cloud Server public key certificate; Trusted third party submits data integrity the result to data owner, by data owner to the maintenance of modifying of damaged data.
The integrality metadata of described data comprises data all end integralities metadata and Cloud Server end integrality metadata, wherein
Data owner holds integrality metadata to comprise: the overall Hash Value of data that the hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by data owner; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value;
Cloud Server end integrality metadata: comprise the overall Hash Value of data that hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by Cloud Server; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value, physical storage locations, described physical storage locations comprises shelf number, server numbering, this physical storage locations is determined in the actual storage information of Cloud Server according to data.
The process of described data owner's structural integrity metadata is: data owner utilizes the hash algorithm of consulting with Cloud Server to calculate the overall Hash Value that will store Cloud Server data into, then according to Cloud Server partition strategy, deblocking is also calculated respectively to the Hash Value of each data block; Data owner is to the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value digital signature, the integrality metadata of construction data owner end.
The integrity data process of described Cloud Server structure Cloud Server end is: Cloud Server receives after data, utilizes the overall Hash Value of identical hash algorithm calculated data, and then deblocking also calculates respectively the Hash Value of each data block; Cloud Server, to overall Hash Value and each data block Hash Value digital signature, completes the integrality metadata of structure Cloud Server end.
In described step 4), trusted third party verifies after the integrality of this integrality metadata, and the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value that send with data owner compare, and after coupling, adds action completely.
Checking in described step c) refers to: whether the data Hash Value that returns of checking is with to be stored in local data Hash Value consistent, if unanimously, just prove that these data are safe, otherwise be unsafe.
A kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party of the present invention, has the following advantages:
A kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party of this invention, by the integrality metadata of trusted third party's save data and by challenge response agreement and Cloud Server authentication data integrity; Guarantee that user is not accessing on the basis of initial data, checking is stored in the integrality of data in Cloud Server, guarantees that the information that data owner is used for data integrity is not revealed simultaneously; In the incredible situation of cloud service business, also can guarantee the accuracy of cloud data integrity checking; Practical, applied widely, fail safe is good, is easy to promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of realizing of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The invention provides a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party, as shown in Figure 1, its implementation procedure comprises:
The enforcement of the method completes by Cloud Server, data owner and trusted third party, wherein
Cloud Server: according to SLA agreement, the data of storage data owner trustship, the challenge response request of response trusted third party;
Data owner: the owner of data, select cloud service business, upload the data in cloud service business's Cloud Server and store, to trusted third party, propose cloud data integrity checking request, and receive integrality the result;
Trusted third party: be independent of data owner and cloud service business, and be the third party who both trusts, the integrality metadata of save data, utilizes challenge response agreement that the data integrity service for checking credentials is provided, and the result is returned to data owner;
Following three steps of cloud data integrity proof procedure: data preliminary treatment, data storage, data integrity checking, wherein:
The integrality metadata of data comprises:
(1) data owner holds integrality metadata: comprise the overall Hash Value of data that hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by data owner; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value;
(2) Cloud Server end integrality metadata: comprise the overall Hash Value of data that hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by Cloud Server; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value, physical storage locations (shelf number, server numbering).Physical storage locations is determined in the actual storage information of Cloud Server according to data.
Cloud data integrity proof procedure comprises three phases: data preliminary treatment, data storage, data integrity checking.Wherein:
(1) data preliminary treatment.
(a) data owner utilizes the hash algorithm of consulting with Cloud Server to calculate the overall Hash Value that will store Cloud Server data into, then according to Cloud Server partition strategy, deblocking is also calculated respectively to the Hash Value of each data block; Data owner is to the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value digital signature, and the integrality metadata of construction data owner end, sends trusted third party to; Meanwhile, data are uploaded to Cloud Server by escape way;
(b) trusted third party receives after the integrality metadata of data owner's end, the integrality of usage data owner public key certificate checking integrality metadata.By rear, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data;
(c) Cloud Server receives after data, utilizes the overall Hash Value of identical hash algorithm calculated data, and then deblocking also calculates respectively the Hash Value of each data block; Cloud Server is to overall Hash Value and each data block Hash Value digital signature, and the integrality metadata of structure Cloud Server end also sends to trusted third party;
(d) trusted third party is used after the integrality metadata of Cloud Server public key certificate checking Cloud Server transmission, and the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value that send with data owner compare.After coupling, add the physical store information of corresponding each data block in data structure completely.
(2) data storage.
Cloud Server receives after data, according to storage policy, and the data that storage data owner uploads and the integrality metadata of Cloud Server end.
(3) data integrity checking.
(a) work of verification of data integrity transfers to trusted third party to process completely.Data owner sends cloud data integrity checking request, the integrality of requests verification data or the integrality of some data blocks to trusted third party.Trusted third party sends challenge information to Cloud Server after receiving integrality verification request, and to challenge information digital signature;
(b) Cloud Server is verified this information, after by checking, according to storage concordance list, finds the corresponding server of these data, from this server, obtains this data block, utilizes the hash algorithm of consulting to recalculate Hash Value the digital signature of this data block;
(c) trusted third party is after receiving the metadata that Cloud Server returns, and according to data owner and Cloud Server public key certificate, whether the data Hash Value that checking is returned is with to be stored in local data Hash Value consistent.If consistent, just prove that these data are safe, otherwise be unsafe.Trusted third party submits data integrity the result to data owner, by data owner to the maintenance of modifying of damaged data.
Specific embodiment:
One, data preliminary treatment.
Data owner wants storing data files F, the hash algorithm that first use and Cloud Server are consulted
hashthe overall Hash Value H of calculated data file F
o=
hash(F); Then according to the partition strategy of Cloud Server, data file F piecemeal is processed, file F is divided into n piece, use hash algorithm
hashcalculate the Hash Value h of each data block
1, h
2..., h
n; Overall Hash Value and each data block Hash Value are carried out to digital signature, obtain S
oand s
i(i=1,2 ..., n), S
ofor the signature result of data file F, s
iit is the signature result of i data block.Data owner constructs the integrality metadata of owner's end, sends trusted third party to; Meanwhile, data are uploaded to Cloud Server by escape way.
Trusted third party receives after the integrality metadata of data owner's end, the integrality of usage data owner public key certificate checking integrality metadata.By rear, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data.
Cloud Server receives after data file F, utilizes identical hash algorithm
hashthe overall Hash Value H of calculated data file F
s=
hash(F), according to partition strategy, data literary composition F piecemeal is also calculated respectively to the Hash Value h of each data block
1, h
2..., h
n, Cloud Server, to these Hash Value digital signature, obtains S
sand s
i(i=1,2 ..., n), S
sfor the signature result of data file F, s
iit is the signature result of i data block.The integrality metadata of Cloud Server structure server end also sends to trusted third party.
Trusted third party is used after the integrality metadata of Cloud Server public key certificate checking Cloud Server transmission, and the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value that send with data owner compare.After coupling, add the physical store information of corresponding each data block in data structure completely.
Two, data storage.
Cloud Server receives after data, according to storage policy, and the data that storage data owner uploads and the integrality metadata of Cloud Server end.
Three, data integrity checking.
A) data owner sends cloud data integrity checking request to trusted third party
verify(F, i), the possessory data file F of verification msg, the integrality of i data block.Trusted third party sends challenge information to Cloud Server after receiving integrality verification request, and to challenge information digital signature.Whole message comprises:
tTP, F, i,
sign(N),
time.Wherein
tTPfor trusted third party's identify label, N is challenge information, and uses Digital Signature Algorithm
signsign,
timeit is timestamp.
B) Cloud Server is verified this information, after by checking, according to storage concordance list, finds the corresponding server of these data, from this server, obtains this data block i, the hash algorithm of utilize consulting recalculate the Hash Value h of this data block=
hashand digital signature (i).
C) trusted third party, after receiving the metadata that Cloud Server returns, according to data owner and Cloud Server public key certificate, verifies the data Hash Value h returning and is stored in local data Hash Value h
iwhether consistent.If consistent, just prove that these data are safe, otherwise be unsafe.Trusted third party submits data integrity the result to data owner, by data owner to the maintenance of modifying of damaged data.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only concrete case of the present invention; scope of patent protection of the present invention includes but not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; suitable variation or replacement claims of any a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to the invention and that any person of an ordinary skill in the technical field does it, all should fall into scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party, is characterized in that: the enforcement of the method completes by Cloud Server, data owner and trusted third party, wherein
Cloud Server: according to SLA agreement, the data of storage data owner trustship, the challenge response request of response trusted third party;
Data owner: the owner of data, select cloud service business, upload the data in cloud service business's Cloud Server and store, to trusted third party, propose cloud data integrity checking request, and receive integrality the result;
Trusted third party: be independent of data owner and cloud service business, and be the third party who both trusts, the integrality metadata of save data, utilizes challenge response agreement that the data integrity service for checking credentials is provided, and the result is returned to data owner;
Following three steps of cloud data integrity proof procedure: data preliminary treatment, data storage, data integrity checking, wherein:
One, data preliminary treatment:
1) data owner constructs the integrality metadata of this end, sends trusted third party to; Data are uploaded to Cloud Server by escape way simultaneously;
2) trusted third party receives after the integrality metadata of data owner's end, the integrality of usage data owner public key certificate checking integrality metadata; By rear, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data;
3) Cloud Server receives after data, and the integrality metadata of structure Cloud Server end also sends to trusted third party;
4) trusted third party is used after the integrality metadata of Cloud Server public key certificate checking Cloud Server transmission, verifies the integrality of this integrality metadata; After coupling, set up the integrality metadata of corresponding data structure save data completely;
Two, data storage: Cloud Server receives after data, the data that storage data owner uploads and the integrality metadata of Cloud Server end;
Three, data integrity checking:
A) data owner sends cloud data integrity checking request, the integrality of requests verification data or the integrality of some data blocks to trusted third party; Trusted third party sends challenge information to Cloud Server after receiving integrality verification request, and to challenge information digital signature;
B) Cloud Server is verified this information, after by checking, according to storage concordance list, finds the corresponding server of these data, from this server, obtains this data block digital signature;
C) trusted third party, after receiving the metadata that Cloud Server returns, verifies according to data owner and Cloud Server public key certificate; Trusted third party submits data integrity the result to data owner, by data owner to the maintenance of modifying of damaged data.
2. a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the integrality metadata of described data comprises data all end integralities metadata and Cloud Server end integrality metadata, wherein
Data owner holds integrality metadata to comprise: the overall Hash Value of data that the hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by data owner; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value;
Cloud Server end integrality metadata: comprise the overall Hash Value of data that hash algorithm that Data Filename, length, creation-time, data owner and the usage data owner and Cloud Server are consulted is calculated by Cloud Server; Data block sequence number, data block Hash Value, physical storage locations, described physical storage locations comprises shelf number, server numbering, this physical storage locations is determined in the actual storage information of Cloud Server according to data.
3. a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the process of described data owner's structural integrity metadata is: data owner utilizes the hash algorithm of consulting with Cloud Server to calculate the overall Hash Value that will store Cloud Server data into, then according to Cloud Server partition strategy, deblocking is also calculated respectively to the Hash Value of each data block; Data owner is to the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value digital signature, the integrality metadata of construction data owner end.
4. a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the integrity data process of described Cloud Server structure Cloud Server end is: Cloud Server receives after data, utilize the overall Hash Value of identical hash algorithm calculated data, then deblocking also calculates respectively the Hash Value of each data block; Cloud Server, to overall Hash Value and each data block Hash Value digital signature, completes the integrality metadata of structure Cloud Server end.
5. a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step 4), trusted third party verifies after the integrality of this integrality metadata, the overall Hash Value of data and each data block Hash Value that send with data owner compare, after coupling, add action completely.
6. a kind of cloud data integrity verification method based on trusted third party according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the checking in described step c) refers to: whether the data Hash Value that returns of checking is with to be stored in local data Hash Value consistent, if consistent, just prove that these data are safe, otherwise be unsafe.
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