CN104202076A - Frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater - Google Patents
Frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104202076A CN104202076A CN201410415988.8A CN201410415988A CN104202076A CN 104202076 A CN104202076 A CN 104202076A CN 201410415988 A CN201410415988 A CN 201410415988A CN 104202076 A CN104202076 A CN 104202076A
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- fsk
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater. The FSK repeater comprises a coupling circuit, a band-pass filtering circuit 2, a drive amplifying circuit, a single-chip system, a band-pass filter, an amplification waveshaping circuit, an RS485 interface, and an RS232 interface. The FSK repeater is simple in circuit, low in cost, easy to manufacture, free from time drift influence, capable of achieving a forwarding function among various communication manners, and widely applicable to various occasions such as intelligent appliances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital information transmission field, relate in particular to a kind of FSK repeater.
Background technology
FSK (Frequency-Shift Keying, frequency shift keying) utilizes carrier frequency variation to carry out a kind of digital modulation technique of transmitting digital information.Have and realize easily, the feature such as antinoise and antifading performance are good.In power carrier communication, be widely used.As civilian intelligent electric meter kilowatt meter reading-out system, telecontrol information transmitting-receiving in electrical network, the remote measuring and controlling transmission in mine system etc.
The most frequently used method of FSK is by binary number 1 and 0, is modulated to respectively f
1with f
2two double frequency FSK systems that frequency is different.The relative mains frequency of modulated frequency is high.In FSK system, " modulation " is relatively simple, " demodulation " more complicated.
The demodulation mode of fsk signal has analog demodulation mode type and digital demodulation mode.In analog demodulation mode type, there is reference difference FSK to separate mediation fully differential FSK demodulation.Reference difference FSK demodulation be by FSK carrier signal control bias current to capacitor charging, be 1 or 0 according to charging voltage on electric capacity and reference voltage by comparator decision data.Fully differential FSK demodulation is to utilize different bias currents to charge to different electric capacity, is 1 or 0 according to the size of charging voltage difference on electric capacity by comparator decision data.Analog demodulation circuit is easily drifted about, and is its major defect.Digital demodulation mode has that zero crossing detects, orthogonal multiply each other etc. conventionally, and zero crossing detects demodulation mode and is applicable to the very application of low rate, and communication speed is lower.The comparatively complicated multiplier of the orthogonal demodulation mode that multiplies each other with high-order digit filter, cost is higher, circuit is also more complicated.FSK demodulator circuit can also adopt the mode of phase-locked loop pll to realize in addition, comprises analog PLL and digital PLL.This class demodulator circuit has shortcomings equally, and power consumption is larger, circuit complexity, and cost is higher.
Along with popularizing of intelligent grid concept, " intelligence " electrical equipment is more and more.The primary feature of intelligent electric appliance is can communication.Because FSK communication modes is without setting up extra communication line, by become intelligent electric appliance can communication first choice of.And intelligent grid, intelligent electric appliance communication speed is each other often lower.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of FSK of simulation circuit to be not easy the FSK repeater drifting about, digital circuit cost is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of FSK repeater, comprises coupling circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, drive amplification circuit, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, band pass filter, amplification and rectification circuit, RS485 interface, RS232 interface.
The two ends, high-pressure side of described coupling circuit are connected with electrical network two ends, and the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit, band pass filter respectively, the other end ground connection at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit.
The output of described bandwidth-limited circuit is connected with the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit, and the input of described bandwidth-limited circuit is that drive amplification circuit is connected.
The output of described drive amplification circuit is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit, and the input of described drive amplification circuit is that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected.
The output of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with the input of drive amplification circuit; The input of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with amplification and rectification circuit; Described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with RS232 with RS485 interface.
The output of described amplification and rectification circuit is connected with the input of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the input of described amplification and rectification circuit is connected with band pass filter, the output of described band pass filter is connected with amplification and rectification circuit, and described band pass filter input is connected with the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit.
Described coupling circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, band pass filter, drive amplification circuit, amplification and rectification circuit are made up of resolution element.
Adopt after technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopting the cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed (or DSP) is core parts, significantly simplifies FSK modulation transtation mission circuit and fsk signal receiving circuit.The cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed adopts external high speed crystal oscillator as system clock, thereby obtains the time reference of FSK debugging and demodulation.
2, fsk signal modulation, relies on single-chip microcomputer internal processes to carry out Digital Modulation, has eliminated the deviation of simulative debugging circuit.
3, fsk signal demodulation, has single-chip microcomputer internal processes to carry out demodulation equally, has avoided the complexity of digital demodulating circuit, the impact of having floated while having overcome analog demodulation circuit.
4, fsk signal send and receive, same coupling circuit adopts time-devision system working method, further simplifies circuit.
5, fsk signal drive amplification circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit 1, bandwidth-limited circuit 2, amplification and rectification circuit all have discrete component to realize, and further reduce costs.
6, repeater, can be used as independently FSK modulation transmitter, can be used as independently FSK receiving demodulation device, can be used as the FSK repeater uniting two into one, can also be as receiving the controller of order with feedback states.The networking that is applicable to directly be formed by connecting, is applicable to the carrier networking in alternating current, powered by direct current loop, telephone wire loop.
7,, on the basis of this repeater, by the means of establishment single-chip microcomputer internal processes, the signal of realizing between FSK, RS485, RS232 three forwards.
8, this repeater, both can be used as a terminal use that receives separately order or send separately the independent observing and controlling function of status signal, also can be used as FSK network controller and used.
In sum, circuit of the present invention is simple, with low cost, easy to manufacture, without time float impact, and can realize the forwarding capability between multiple communication modes, can be widely used in the multiple occasions such as intelligent electric appliance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of a kind of FSK repeater of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the simplification schematic diagram of the single chip circuit in a kind of FSK repeater of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is drive amplification circuit in a kind of FSK repeater of the present invention and the simplification schematic diagram of bandwidth-limited circuit.
Fig. 4 is band pass filter in a kind of FSK repeater of the present invention and the simplification schematic diagram of amplification and rectification circuit.
Fig. 5 is that the annotated power circuit for repeater circuit power supply of doing in a kind of FSK repeater of the present invention is simplified schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, coupling circuit 2, bandwidth-limited circuit 3, drive amplification circuit 4, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 5, band pass filter 6, amplification and rectification circuit 7, RS485 interface 8, RS232 interface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, Figure of description is further explained the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of FSK repeater, comprises coupling circuit 1, bandwidth-limited circuit 2, drive amplification circuit 3, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, band pass filter 5, amplification and rectification circuit 6, RS485 interface 7, RS232 interface 8.Input L, the N of coupling circuit 1, connect fsk signal source.For ac power supply circuit, C0 is decompression capacitor, and for direct current power supply loop, C0 is every value capacitor.C0 and the elementary N1 of coupling high frequency transformer T1 form input signal resource loop, FSK input signal by N2 induction, D1 amplitude limit after, be connected in band pass filter 5 and carry out frequency-selecting, band pass filter 5 only can be by meeting the frequency signal of design bandwidth scope; Amplification and rectification circuit 6 amplifies shaping to frequency signal, improves on the one hand the signal to noise ratio of circuit, on the other hand, obtains the square wave level signal adapting with interface microcontroller level; Single chip circuit adopts " capture interrupt " mode, records the time width of each square wave level by queue form, for demodulation FSK source code provides basis.
The two ends, high-pressure side of described coupling circuit 1 are connected with electrical network two ends, the one end (COM) at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit 1 is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit 2, band pass filter 5 respectively, the other end ground connection at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit 1.
The output of described bandwidth-limited circuit 2 is connected with the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit 1, and the input of described bandwidth-limited circuit 2 is that drive amplification circuit 3 is connected.
The output of described drive amplification circuit 3 is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit 2, and the input of described drive amplification circuit 3 is that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is connected.
The output (OUT) of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is connected with the input of drive amplification circuit 3; The input (IN) of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is connected with amplification and rectification circuit 6; Described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is connected with RS232 with RS485 interface 7.Other each ends are done respectively to input and are detected, output is controlled etc.The cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed has both standard UART transmitting-receiving mode, can be directly and RS485 interface 7, RS232 interface 8 carry out data transmit-receive.The present invention can be used as independently FSK modulation transmitter, can be used as independently FSK receiving demodulation device, can be used as the FSK repeater uniting two into one, can also be as receiving the controller of order with feedback states.On the basis of repeater, by the means of establishment single-chip microcomputer internal processes, the signal of realizing between FSK, RS485, RS232 three forwards.
The output of described amplification and rectification circuit 6 is connected with the input of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, the input of described amplification and rectification circuit 6 is connected with band pass filter 5, the output of described band pass filter 5 is connected with amplification and rectification circuit 6, and described band pass filter 5 inputs are connected with the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit 1.
Described coupling circuit 1, bandwidth-limited circuit 2, band pass filter 5, drive amplification circuit 3, amplification and rectification circuit 6 are made up of resolution element.
Adopt discrete component to build drive amplification circuit 3, bandwidth-limited circuit 2 that fsk signal sends.Drive amplification circuit 3, by the modulation signal of single-chip microcomputer output, carries out level amplification, and the circuit transmission consisting of bandwidth-limited circuit 2 and coupling coil is in carrier circuit.Wherein, bandwidth-limited circuit 2 is changed square wave near sinusoidal ripple signal.
The band pass filter 5 that adopts discrete component to build, amplification and rectification circuit 6, the receiving circuit of composition fsk signal.From the secondary fsk signal of coupling coil, through band pass filter 5 frequency-selectings, the signal that meets bandwidth frequency is able to, by rear, be nursed one's health by amplification and rectification circuit 6, sends single-chip microcomputer decoding to.Both adapt to the continuous FSK conversion of phase place, also adapted to zero-crossing FSK conversion.
Adopt discrete component to build coupling circuit.The send and receive of fsk signal, adopts same coupling circuit, to reduce costs to greatest extent.
Adopt this repeater circuit, both can mutually directly connect to form network, also can be by network consistings that is of coupled connections such as charged power circuit, telephone line or DC power-supply circuit.
Single-chip microcomputer, treat be modulated to FSK byte, after step-by-step modulation, produce fsk signal by Interruption method, this signal amplifies by drive amplification circuit 3, drives the secondary N2 of high frequency transformer T1, and is coupled to N1, and then send to outside.Being connected on the bandwidth-limited circuit 2 sending in loop is the near sinusoidal ripple signal that meets bandwidth by square-wave signal " filtering ", to improve transmitting range and to reduce network noise.
Adopt the cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed, complete the modulation and demodulation of FSK.The cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed adopts external crystal oscillator, and the time reference that height of formation is stable, significantly simplifies integrated circuit, reduces costs, thereby floats problem while both having overcome analog demodulation circuit, has avoided again the complexity problem of digital demodulating circuit.
As shown in Figure 2, U1 is the cheap type single-chip microcomputer of high speed, as STM8S series monolithic etc.PB0 is defined as ZO input end, for receiving the crossover point signal of AC network, realizes the send and receive in zero passage moment with FSK further, further improves communication distance;
PB1 is defined as IN signal, receives the signal from amplification and rectification circuit 6;
PB2 is defined as OUT signal, and the inner the port that passes through that adopts timer modulation of single-chip microcomputer, is connected with drive amplification circuit 3;
PB3 is defined as S1, for setting zero passage transmitting-receiving or the transmitting-receiving of non-zero passage;
PB4 is defined as S2, for selecting forward mode.During as high level, between FSK and RS485, forward; When low level, FSK and RS232 forward;
PB5 is defined as S5, can do selecting side for subsequent use;
PA0 is defined as O1, and PA1 is defined as O2, can be common I/O and input or output;
PA2 is that TXD0, PA3 are RXD0, can and RS485 interface 7 between data communication;
PA4 is that TXD1, PA5 are RXD1, can and RS232 interface 8 between data communication;
Crystal oscillator Y1 is connected in OS1, the OS2 end of single-chip microcomputer, for single-chip microcomputer provides high stable clock source.Capacitor CA and CB are the compensation condenser of crystal oscillator Y1.
As shown in Figure 3.During from the modulation signal OUT low level of single-chip microcomputer, resistor R2 positive bias triode T1, T1 conducting, the collector voltage drawing on resistor R3 is low level, PMOS pipe T2 conducting, FSK sends voltage VFP through resistor R4 current limliting, to the secondary N2 charging of inductor L1, capacitor C1 and transformer T1.NMOS manages T3 non-grid voltage and ends.
When OUT is high level, resistor R2 reverse bias triode T1, T1 cut-off, the collector voltage drawing on resistor R3 is high level, PMOS pipe T2 cut-off.NMOS pipe T3 obtains grid voltage and conducting by resistor R1 positive bias, the electric charge on C1 through the drain-source utmost point of L1, R5, T3,, D1 and the electric discharge of N2 loop.
Wherein, L1 and C1 composition bandwidth-limited circuit 2, " select " centre frequency with series resonance form and be able to be approximately sinusoidal wave form by electric current in N2 winding.
As shown in Figure 4, carry out the fsk signal of automatic network through C0 low frequency isolation, load on the elementary N1 winding of high frequency transformer T1, secondary winding N2 induces fsk signal, after bandwidth-limited circuit 2 frequency-selectings, is delivered to amplification and rectification circuit 6.
Resistor R6 and capacitor C2 composition one-level, higher than the high-frequency filter circuit of bandwidth center frequency, are eliminated the high frequency noise of network line.Capacitor C3 and inductor L3 composition series resonant circuit, capacitor C4 and inductor L4 composition antiresonant circuit, two-stage resonant circuit, composition bandwidth-limited circuit 2, to guarantee narrower frequency signal bandwidth.
Resistor R7 and R8 provide triode T4 base bias voltage, and resistor R10 is T4 emitter feedback resistance, to improve the stability of T4 working point, the collector load resistor that resistor R9 is T4.Filtered fsk signal, after capacitor C5 coupling, T4 amplify, is coupled to energy gap comparator T5 (TL431) from the output of T4 collector electrode through capacitor C6.
The benchmark termination resistor R11 of T5 is drop-down, to prevent that T5 from freely overturning.While being greater than T5 reference voltage by T4 amplified signal, T5 conducting, while being less than T5 benchmark, T5 cut-off.Both eliminate the noise that comes automatic network or preamplifying circuit, extracted again fsk signal.
The pull-up resistor that resistance device R12 is T5.When T5 cut-off, triode T6 provides base bias current and conducting by resistor R12 and R13; When T5 conducting, T6 ends without base bias voltage.Resistor R14 is the collector load resistor of T6.That is, T5 and T6 constitute jointly shaping circuit, and fsk signal is done, after shaping, to send single-chip microcomputer to.
As shown in Figure 5, EMC circuit, with suppressing electric power network noise, through full-bridge rectification bridge B1 rectification, obtains all-wave voltage, is VFP (9V left and right) through power circuit voltage stabilizing, VCC (3.3V, 5V).All-wave voltage process resistor RZ1 current limliting, to the elementary electric current that provides of photoelectrical coupler O1, the high termination VCC of O1 output side, low side is connected to resistor RZ2 and eliminates the capacitor CZ1 of High-frequency Interference.In the time that line voltage is less than a certain value, the elementary of O1 produces without photoelectric current, the secondary cut-off of O1, and ZO signal is low level; Otherwise, in the time that line voltage is greater than a certain value, the elementary generation photoelectric current of O1, the secondary conducting of O1, ZO signal is high level.This signal is the zero passage moment signal of line voltage.This signal is connected to the ZO end of single-chip microcomputer, for zero crossing transmitting-receiving fsk signal, provides reference time scale.
Claims (7)
1. a FSK repeater, is characterized in that comprising coupling circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, drive amplification circuit, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, band pass filter, amplification and rectification circuit, RS485 interface, RS232 interface.
2. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 1, the two ends, high-pressure side that it is characterized in that described coupling circuit are connected with electrical network two ends, the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit, band pass filter respectively, the other end ground connection at the low-pressure side two ends of described coupling circuit.
3. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 2, is characterized in that the described output of bandwidth-limited circuit and the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit are connected, and the input of described bandwidth-limited circuit is that drive amplification circuit is connected.
4. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 1, is characterized in that the output of described drive amplification circuit is connected with bandwidth-limited circuit, and the input of described drive amplification circuit is that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected.
5. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 1, is characterized in that the output of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with the input of drive amplification circuit; The input of described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with amplification and rectification circuit; Described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is connected with RS232 with RS485 interface.
6. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the described output of amplification and rectification circuit and the input of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system are connected, the input of described amplification and rectification circuit is connected with band pass filter, the output of described band pass filter is connected with amplification and rectification circuit, and described band pass filter input is connected with the one end at the low-pressure side two ends of coupling circuit.
7. a kind of FSK repeater according to claim 1, is characterized in that described coupling circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, band pass filter, drive amplification circuit, amplification and rectification circuit are made up of resolution element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410415988.8A CN104202076A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater |
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| CN201410415988.8A CN104202076A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater |
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| CN201410415988.8A Pending CN104202076A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Frequency shift keying (FSK) repeater |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106405205A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-15 | 钜泉光电科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Zero-crossing detection circuit |
| RU178816U1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-04-19 | Акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте | Portable device for controlling radio station modes with RS232 input serial port |
| CN108141274A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2018-06-08 | 威尔逊电子有限责任公司 | Signal booster |
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| CN202550981U (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-11-21 | 南车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | Conditioning circuit suitable for railway FSK signal |
| CN103647252A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-19 | 江苏国星电器有限公司 | Electric leakage switch having FSK communication function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108141274A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2018-06-08 | 威尔逊电子有限责任公司 | Signal booster |
| RU178816U1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-04-19 | Акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте | Portable device for controlling radio station modes with RS232 input serial port |
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Application publication date: 20141210 |