CN104199018A - Safety alarm for electrified parts of substation - Google Patents
Safety alarm for electrified parts of substation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104199018A CN104199018A CN201410469957.0A CN201410469957A CN104199018A CN 104199018 A CN104199018 A CN 104199018A CN 201410469957 A CN201410469957 A CN 201410469957A CN 104199018 A CN104199018 A CN 104199018A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/12—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
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Abstract
变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器，属于变电站带电设备警示技术领域。本发明是为了解决变电站监护人员或施工人员由于不能直观的获得与带电设备的安全距离，易造成安全事故的问题。红外传感器IC1用于采集进入预设置安全阈值以内的人体红外信号，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端连接信号放大电路的电信号输入端，信号放大电路的放大信号输出端连接电压比较器的电压比较信号输入端，电压比较器的电压比较信号输出端连接报警延时电路的延时信号输入端，报警延时电路的延时信号输出端连接音频报警电路的报警信号输入端，音频报警电路通过声音信号报警。本发明用于带电部位的声音报警。
The utility model relates to a safety warning alarm for live parts used in substations, belonging to the technical field of warnings for live equipment in substations. The invention aims to solve the problem that safety accidents are easily caused because substation monitoring personnel or construction personnel cannot intuitively obtain a safe distance from live equipment. Infrared sensor IC1 is used to collect human body infrared signals within the preset safety threshold. The electrical signal output terminal of infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the signal amplifier circuit, and the amplified signal output terminal of the signal amplifier circuit is connected to the voltage comparator of the voltage comparator. The signal input terminal, the voltage comparison signal output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the delay signal input terminal of the alarm delay circuit, the delay signal output terminal of the alarm delay circuit is connected to the alarm signal input terminal of the audio alarm circuit, and the audio alarm circuit passes the sound Signal alarm. The invention is used for sound alarm of electrified parts.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器，属于变电站带电设备警示技术领域。The invention relates to a safety warning alarm for live parts used in substations, and belongs to the technical field of warnings for live equipment in substations.
背景技术Background technique
在变电站带电设备的开关及刀闸操作把手上、带电设备的爬梯上、带电设备围栏上、带电间隔的高压开关柜前后网门处，由于监护人员或施工人员不能直观的获得与带电设备的安全距离，极易误入带电设备的安全警戒区，以致发生人身触电事故，造成安全事故。On the switch and knife switch operating handle of the live equipment in the substation, on the ladder of the live equipment, on the fence of the live equipment, and at the front and rear net doors of the high-voltage switchgear at the live interval, because the guardians or construction personnel cannot intuitively obtain the safety of the live equipment. It is very easy to stray into the safety alert area of live equipment, resulting in personal electric shock accidents and safety accidents.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是为了解决变电站监护人员或施工人员由于不能直观的获得与带电设备的安全距离，易造成安全事故的问题，提供了一种变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that substation guardians or construction personnel cannot intuitively obtain the safe distance from live equipment and easily cause safety accidents, and provide a safety warning alarm for live parts in substations.
本发明所述变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器，所述报警器设置于带电设备上，它包括红外传感器IC1，它还包括信号放大电路、电压比较器、报警延时电路和音频报警电路，The substation of the present invention uses a safety warning alarm for live parts, and the alarm is arranged on the live equipment, and it includes an infrared sensor IC1, and it also includes a signal amplification circuit, a voltage comparator, an alarm delay circuit and an audio alarm circuit,
红外传感器IC1用于采集进入预设置安全阈值以内的人体红外信号，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端连接信号放大电路的电信号输入端，信号放大电路的放大信号输出端连接电压比较器的电压比较信号输入端，电压比较器的电压比较信号输出端连接报警延时电路的延时信号输入端，报警延时电路的延时信号输出端连接音频报警电路的报警信号输入端，音频报警电路通过声音信号报警。The infrared sensor IC1 is used to collect the infrared signal of the human body within the preset safety threshold. The electrical signal output terminal of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the signal amplifier circuit, and the amplified signal output terminal of the signal amplifier circuit is connected to the voltage comparator of the voltage comparator. The signal input terminal, the voltage comparison signal output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the delay signal input terminal of the alarm delay circuit, the delay signal output terminal of the alarm delay circuit is connected to the alarm signal input terminal of the audio alarm circuit, and the audio alarm circuit passes the sound Signal alarm.
它还包括电压变换电路和电源电路，It also includes a voltage conversion circuit and a power supply circuit,
电源电路用于将工频220V电源转换为直流12V电压输出，该直流12V电压经电压变换电路转换为直流6V电压后，为红外传感器IC1、信号放大电路、电压比较器、报警延时电路和音频报警电路提供工作电源。The power supply circuit is used to convert the power frequency 220V power supply into a DC 12V voltage output. After the DC 12V voltage is converted into a DC 6V voltage by the voltage conversion circuit, it is an infrared sensor IC1, a signal amplification circuit, a voltage comparator, an alarm delay circuit and an audio frequency. The alarm circuit provides working power.
信号放大电路由电解电容C1、电解电容C2、电解电容C3、电容C4、电解电容C5、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、NPN型三极管VT1和运算放大器IC2组成；电压比较器由电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、可变电阻R12、二极管VD1和运算放大器IC3组成；报警延时电路由电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、电阻R16、二极管VD2、电解电容C6和运算放大器IC4组成；音频报警电路由电阻R17、电阻R18、电阻R19、电阻R20、二极管VD3、二极管VD4、NPN型三极管VT2、NPN型三极管VT3、电解电容C8和讯响器BL组成；电压变换电路由电解电容C7和稳压芯片IC5组成；电源电路由变压器T、单相桥式整流电路U、电解电容C9、电解电容C10、电容C11、直流12V电源E、二极管VD5和开关S组成；The signal amplification circuit consists of electrolytic capacitor C1, electrolytic capacitor C2, electrolytic capacitor C3, capacitor C4, electrolytic capacitor C5, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, NPN type transistor Composed of VT1 and operational amplifier IC2; the voltage comparator is composed of resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, variable resistor R12, diode VD1 and operational amplifier IC3; the alarm delay circuit is composed of resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, Diode VD2, electrolytic capacitor C6 and operational amplifier IC4; audio alarm circuit consists of resistor R17, resistor R18, resistor R19, resistor R20, diode VD3, diode VD4, NPN transistor VT2, NPN transistor VT3, electrolytic capacitor C8 and sounder BL Composition; voltage conversion circuit is composed of electrolytic capacitor C7 and voltage regulator chip IC5; power supply circuit is composed of transformer T, single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, electrolytic capacitor C9, electrolytic capacitor C10, capacitor C11, DC 12V power supply E, diode VD5 and switch S composition;
红外传感器IC1的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，红外传感器IC1的电源负极连接电源地，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端与电源负极之间连接电阻R1，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端连接电解电容C1的正极，电解电容C1的负极连接NPN型三极管VT1的基极，NPN型三极管VT1的基极与集电极之间连接电阻R2，NPN型三极管VT1的集电极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R3，NPN型三极管VT1的发射极连接电源地；NPN型三极管VT1的集电极连接电解电容C2的正极，电解电容C2的负极与运算放大器IC2的同相输入端之间连接电阻R4，运算放大器IC2的反相输入端与电解电容C3的正极之间连接电阻R7，电解电容C3的负极连接电源地，运算放大器IC2的反相输入端与输出端之间连接电阻R8，电阻R8与电容C4并联，运算放大器IC2的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC2的电源负极连接电源地；电阻R5的一端连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，电阻R5的另一端连接电阻R6的一端，电阻R6的另一端连接电源地，The positive pole of the power supply of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the power ground, the electrical signal output terminal of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the resistor R1 is connected. The signal output terminal is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor VT1, the resistor R2 is connected between the base and the collector of the NPN transistor VT1, the collector of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the regulator The resistor R3 is connected between the DC 6V voltage output terminals of the chip IC5, the emitter of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the power ground; the collector of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C2, and the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is in phase with the operational amplifier IC2 Resistor R4 is connected between the input terminals, resistor R7 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 and the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3 is connected to the power ground, and between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 Connect the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C4, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the power ground; one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the DC voltage of the voltage regulator chip IC5 6V voltage output terminal, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the power ground,
运算放大器IC2的输出端连接电解电容C5的正极，电解电容C5的负极连接运算放大器IC3的反相输入端，电解电容C5的负极与电源地之间连接电阻R9，运算放大器IC3的同相输入端与二极管VD1的阳极之间连接电阻R11，二极管VD1的阳极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R10，二极管VD1的阴极连接电源地，运算放大器IC3的同相输入端与电源地之间连接可变电阻R12，运算放大器IC3的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC3的电源负极连接电源地；运算放大器IC3的输出端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R13，运算放大器IC3的输出端连接二极管VD2的阴极，二极管VD2的阳极连接电解电容C6的正极，电解电容C6的负极连接电源地，二极管VD2的阳极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R14，二极管VD2的阳极连接运算放大器IC4的反相输入端，运算放大器IC4的同相输入端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R15，运算放大器IC4的同相输入端与电源地之间连接电阻R16，运算放大器IC4的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC4的电源负极连接电源地；The output terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC3, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected to the power ground, and the resistor R9 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC3. Resistor R11 is connected between the anodes of diode VD1, resistor R10 is connected between the anode of diode VD1 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of voltage regulator chip IC5, the cathode of diode VD1 is connected to the power ground, and the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the power ground. The variable resistor R12 is connected between them, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the power ground; the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the DC 6V voltage of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5 Resistor R13 is connected between the output terminals, the output terminal of operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the cathode of diode VD2, the anode of diode VD2 is connected to the positive pole of electrolytic capacitor C6, the negative pole of electrolytic capacitor C6 is connected to the power ground, the anode of diode VD2 is connected to the voltage regulator chip IC5 The resistor R14 is connected between the DC 6V voltage output terminals, the anode of the diode VD2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC4, and the resistor R15 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5. The resistor R16 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC4 and the power ground, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, and the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the power ground;
运算放大器IC4的输出端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R17，运算放大器IC4的输出端与NPN型三极管VT2的基极之间连接电阻R18，NPN型三极管VT2的发射极连接电源地，NPN型三极管VT2的集电极连接讯响器BL的电源负极输入端，运算放大器IC4的输出端与二极管VD3的阳极之间连接电阻R19，二极管VD3的阴极连接NPN型三极管VT3的集电极，NPN型三极管VT3的发射极连接电源地，NPN型三极管VT3的基极与二极管VD4的阴极之间连接电阻R20，二极管VD4的阳极连接电源地，二极管VD4的阴极连接电解电容C8的负极，电解电容C8的正极连接讯响器BL的电源正极输入端，电解电容C8的正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流12V电压输入端，稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端连接电解电容C7的正极，电解电容C7负极连接电源地；Connect the resistor R17 between the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, connect the resistor R18 between the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the base of the NPN transistor VT2, and connect the emitter of the NPN transistor VT2 Connect the power supply ground, the collector of NPN transistor VT2 is connected to the negative input terminal of the power supply of the sounder BL, the output terminal of operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the anode of diode VD3 with resistor R19, and the cathode of diode VD3 is connected to the collector of NPN transistor VT3 , the emitter of the NPN transistor VT3 is connected to the power ground, the base of the NPN transistor VT3 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD4 with a resistor R20, the anode of the diode VD4 is connected to the power ground, the cathode of the diode VD4 is connected to the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C8, and the electrolytic The positive pole of the capacitor C8 is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply of the sounder BL, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to the DC 12V voltage input terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C7, and the electrolytic capacitor Connect the negative pole of C7 to the power ground;
稳压芯片IC5的直流12V电压输入端连接开关S的一端，开关S的另一端连接电解电容C9的正极，电解电容C9的负极连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接二极管VD5的阴极，二极管VD5的阳极连接直流12V电源E的正极，直流12V电源E的负极连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接电容C11的一端，电容C11的另一端连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接电解电容C10的正极，电解电容C10负极连接电源地，电解电容C10的正极连接单相桥式整流电路U的电源正极输出端，电解电容C10的负极连接单相桥式整流电路U的电源负极输出端，单相桥式整流电路U的两个交流输入端与变压器T的副边连接，变压器T的原边连接工频220V电源。The DC 12V voltage input terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5 is connected to one end of the switch S, the other end of the switch S is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD5, and the diode VD5 The anode of the DC 12V power supply E is connected to the positive pole, the negative pole of the DC 12V power supply E is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to one end of the capacitor C11, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to the power ground, and the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the electrolytic capacitor C10 The positive pole, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply of the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the negative pole output terminal of the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, single-phase The two AC input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit U are connected to the secondary side of the transformer T, and the primary side of the transformer T is connected to a power frequency 220V power supply.
本发明的优点：本发明可以根据需要对红外传感器的报警区间进行设定，当工作人员进入带电防护区域时，通过音频报警电路实施报警，由此有效的保障了工作人员施工的安全，避免触电事故的发生。The advantages of the present invention: the present invention can set the alarm interval of the infrared sensor according to the needs, and when the staff enters the electrified protection area, the alarm will be issued through the audio alarm circuit, thereby effectively ensuring the safety of the staff during construction and avoiding electric shock Accidents happen.
本发明体积小，携带方便，重量轻，各组件之间不需要布线，无线连接悬挂方便；操作方便，可设置遥控按键实现相应功能；功能齐备，配套合理，价格低廉。The invention is small in size, easy to carry, light in weight, does not need wiring between components, and is convenient for wireless connection and suspension; it is easy to operate, and remote control buttons can be set to realize corresponding functions; it has complete functions, reasonable matching, and low price.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实施方式一所述变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器的电路原理图；Fig. 1 is the schematic circuit diagram of the live part safety warning alarm for the substation described in Embodiment 1;
图2是电源电路的电路原理图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：下面结合图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述变电站用带电部位安全警示报警器，所述报警器设置于带电设备上，它包括红外传感器IC1，它还包括信号放大电路1、电压比较器2、报警延时电路3和音频报警电路4，Specific embodiment one: the present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1, the substation described in the present embodiment uses the safety warning alarm of live parts, and the described alarm is arranged on the live equipment, and it includes infrared sensor IC1, and it also includes signal amplifying circuit 1. Voltage comparator 2, alarm delay circuit 3 and audio alarm circuit 4,
红外传感器IC1用于采集进入预设置安全阈值以内的人体红外信号，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端连接信号放大电路1的电信号输入端，信号放大电路1的放大信号输出端连接电压比较器2的电压比较信号输入端，电压比较器2的电压比较信号输出端连接报警延时电路3的延时信号输入端，报警延时电路3的延时信号输出端连接音频报警电路4的报警信号输入端，音频报警电路4通过声音信号报警。Infrared sensor IC1 is used to collect human body infrared signals within the preset safety threshold, the electrical signal output terminal of infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of signal amplifying circuit 1, and the amplified signal output terminal of signal amplifying circuit 1 is connected to voltage comparator 2 The voltage comparison signal input end of the voltage comparator 2, the voltage comparison signal output end of the voltage comparator 2 is connected to the delay signal input end of the alarm delay circuit 3, and the delay signal output end of the alarm delay circuit 3 is connected to the alarm signal input of the audio alarm circuit 4 end, the audio alarm circuit 4 alarms through the sound signal.
具体实施方式二：下面结合图1和图2说明本实施方式，本实施方式对实施方式一作进一步说明，本实施方式还包括电压变换电路5和电源电路6，Specific embodiment two: The present embodiment will be described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 below, and this embodiment will further describe the embodiment one, and this embodiment also includes a voltage conversion circuit 5 and a power supply circuit 6,
电源电路6用于将工频220V电源转换为直流12V电压输出，该直流12V电压经电压变换电路5转换为直流6V电压后，为红外传感器IC1、信号放大电路1、电压比较器2、报警延时电路3和音频报警电路4提供工作电源。The power supply circuit 6 is used to convert the power frequency 220V power supply into a DC 12V voltage output. After the DC 12V voltage is converted into a DC 6V voltage by the voltage conversion circuit 5, it becomes an infrared sensor IC1, a signal amplifier circuit 1, a voltage comparator 2, and an alarm delay. Time circuit 3 and audio alarm circuit 4 provide working power.
具体实施方式三：下面结合图1和图2说明本实施方式，本实施方式对实施方式二作进一步说明，本实施方式的信号放大电路1由电解电容C1、电解电容C2、电解电容C3、电容C4、电解电容C5、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、NPN型三极管VT1和运算放大器IC2组成；电压比较器2由电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、可变电阻R12、二极管VD1和运算放大器IC3组成；报警延时电路3由电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、电阻R16、二极管VD2、电解电容C6和运算放大器IC4组成；音频报警电路4由电阻R17、电阻R18、电阻R19、电阻R20、二极管VD3、二极管VD4、NPN型三极管VT2、NPN型三极管VT3、电解电容C8和讯响器BL组成；电压变换电路5由电解电容C7和稳压芯片IC5组成；电源电路6由变压器T、单相桥式整流电路U、电解电容C9、电解电容C10、电容C11、直流12V电源E、二极管VD5和开关S组成；Specific embodiment three: the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and this embodiment will further describe embodiment two, the signal amplifying circuit 1 of this embodiment is composed of electrolytic capacitor C1, electrolytic capacitor C2, electrolytic capacitor C3, electric capacity C4, electrolytic capacitor C5, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, NPN transistor VT1 and operational amplifier IC2; voltage comparator 2 consists of resistor R9, resistor R10 , resistor R11, variable resistor R12, diode VD1 and operational amplifier IC3; alarm delay circuit 3 is composed of resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, diode VD2, electrolytic capacitor C6 and operational amplifier IC4; audio alarm circuit 4 is composed of resistor R17, resistor R18, resistor R19, resistor R20, diode VD3, diode VD4, NPN transistor VT2, NPN transistor VT3, electrolytic capacitor C8 and sounder BL; voltage conversion circuit 5 is composed of electrolytic capacitor C7 and voltage regulator chip Composed of IC5; power circuit 6 is composed of transformer T, single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, electrolytic capacitor C9, electrolytic capacitor C10, capacitor C11, DC 12V power supply E, diode VD5 and switch S;
红外传感器IC1的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，红外传感器IC1的电源负极连接电源地，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端与电源负极之间连接电阻R1，红外传感器IC1的电信号输出端连接电解电容C1的正极，电解电容C1的负极连接NPN型三极管VT1的基极，NPN型三极管VT1的基极与集电极之间连接电阻R2，NPN型三极管VT1的集电极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R3，NPN型三极管VT1的发射极连接电源地；NPN型三极管VT1的集电极连接电解电容C2的正极，电解电容C2的负极与运算放大器IC2的同相输入端之间连接电阻R4，运算放大器IC2的反相输入端与电解电容C3的正极之间连接电阻R7，电解电容C3的负极连接电源地，运算放大器IC2的反相输入端与输出端之间连接电阻R8，电阻R8与电容C4并联，运算放大器IC2的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC2的电源负极连接电源地；电阻R5的一端连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，电阻R5的另一端连接电阻R6的一端，电阻R6的另一端连接电源地，The positive pole of the power supply of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the power ground, the electrical signal output terminal of the infrared sensor IC1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the resistor R1 is connected. The signal output terminal is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C1, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor VT1, the resistor R2 is connected between the base and the collector of the NPN transistor VT1, the collector of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the regulator The resistor R3 is connected between the DC 6V voltage output terminals of the chip IC5, the emitter of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the power ground; the collector of the NPN transistor VT1 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C2, and the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is in phase with the operational amplifier IC2 Resistor R4 is connected between the input terminals, resistor R7 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 and the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3 is connected to the power ground, and between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 Connect the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C4, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the power ground; one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the DC voltage of the voltage regulator chip IC5 6V voltage output terminal, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the power ground,
运算放大器IC2的输出端连接电解电容C5的正极，电解电容C5的负极连接运算放大器IC3的反相输入端，电解电容C5的负极与电源地之间连接电阻R9，运算放大器IC3的同相输入端与二极管VD1的阳极之间连接电阻R11，二极管VD1的阳极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R10，二极管VD1的阴极连接电源地，运算放大器IC3的同相输入端与电源地之间连接可变电阻R12，运算放大器IC3的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC3的电源负极连接电源地；运算放大器IC3的输出端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R13，运算放大器IC3的输出端连接二极管VD2的阴极，二极管VD2的阳极连接电解电容C6的正极，电解电容C6的负极连接电源地，二极管VD2的阳极与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R14，二极管VD2的阳极连接运算放大器IC4的反相输入端，运算放大器IC4的同相输入端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R15，运算放大器IC4的同相输入端与电源地之间连接电阻R16，运算放大器IC4的电源正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端，运算放大器IC4的电源负极连接电源地；The output terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC3, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected to the power ground, and the resistor R9 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC3. Resistor R11 is connected between the anodes of diode VD1, resistor R10 is connected between the anode of diode VD1 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of voltage regulator chip IC5, the cathode of diode VD1 is connected to the power ground, and the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the power ground. The variable resistor R12 is connected between them, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the power ground; the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the DC 6V voltage of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5 Resistor R13 is connected between the output terminals, the output terminal of operational amplifier IC3 is connected to the cathode of diode VD2, the anode of diode VD2 is connected to the positive pole of electrolytic capacitor C6, the negative pole of electrolytic capacitor C6 is connected to the power ground, the anode of diode VD2 is connected to the voltage regulator chip IC5 The resistor R14 is connected between the DC 6V voltage output terminals, the anode of the diode VD2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC4, and the resistor R15 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5. The resistor R16 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC4 and the power ground, the positive pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, and the negative pole of the power supply of the operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the power ground;
运算放大器IC4的输出端与稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端之间连接电阻R17，运算放大器IC4的输出端与NPN型三极管VT2的基极之间连接电阻R18，NPN型三极管VT2的发射极连接电源地，NPN型三极管VT2的集电极连接讯响器BL的电源负极输入端，运算放大器IC4的输出端与二极管VD3的阳极之间连接电阻R19，二极管VD3的阴极连接NPN型三极管VT3的集电极，NPN型三极管VT3的发射极连接电源地，NPN型三极管VT3的基极与二极管VD4的阴极之间连接电阻R20，二极管VD4的阳极连接电源地，二极管VD4的阴极连接电解电容C8的负极，电解电容C8的正极连接讯响器BL的电源正极输入端，电解电容C8的正极连接稳压芯片IC5的直流12V电压输入端，稳压芯片IC5的直流6V电压输出端连接电解电容C7的正极，电解电容C7负极连接电源地；Connect the resistor R17 between the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5, connect the resistor R18 between the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC4 and the base of the NPN transistor VT2, and connect the emitter of the NPN transistor VT2 Connect the power supply ground, the collector of NPN transistor VT2 is connected to the negative input terminal of the power supply of the sounder BL, the output terminal of operational amplifier IC4 is connected to the anode of diode VD3 with resistor R19, and the cathode of diode VD3 is connected to the collector of NPN transistor VT3 , the emitter of the NPN transistor VT3 is connected to the power ground, the base of the NPN transistor VT3 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD4 with a resistor R20, the anode of the diode VD4 is connected to the power ground, the cathode of the diode VD4 is connected to the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C8, and the electrolytic The positive pole of the capacitor C8 is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply of the sounder BL, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C8 is connected to the DC 12V voltage input terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5, and the DC 6V voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5 is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C7, and the electrolytic capacitor Connect the negative pole of C7 to the power ground;
稳压芯片IC5的直流12V电压输入端连接开关S的一端，开关S的另一端连接电解电容C9的正极，电解电容C9的负极连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接二极管VD5的阴极，二极管VD5的阳极连接直流12V电源E的正极，直流12V电源E的负极连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接电容C11的一端，电容C11的另一端连接电源地，电解电容C9的正极连接电解电容C10的正极，电解电容C10负极连接电源地，电解电容C10的正极连接单相桥式整流电路U的电源正极输出端，电解电容C10的负极连接单相桥式整流电路U的电源负极输出端，单相桥式整流电路U的两个交流输入端与变压器T的副边连接，变压器T的原边连接工频220V电源。The DC 12V voltage input terminal of the voltage regulator chip IC5 is connected to one end of the switch S, the other end of the switch S is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD5, and the diode VD5 The anode of the DC 12V power supply E is connected to the positive pole, the negative pole of the DC 12V power supply E is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to one end of the capacitor C11, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to the power ground, and the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected to the electrolytic capacitor C10 The positive pole, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the power ground, the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply of the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C10 is connected to the negative pole output terminal of the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit U, single-phase The two AC input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit U are connected to the secondary side of the transformer T, and the primary side of the transformer T is connected to a power frequency 220V power supply.
本发明通过红外线探测实现报警，将红外传感器IC1的安全距离设置为大于1米或大于4米，此安全距离可以根据实际要求进行设定，当工作人员靠近红外传感器IC1的距离小于1米或小于4米时，讯响器BL发出警报声，可同时设置LED灯闪烁，并伴有语音提示，例如有电或高压危险等提示。该报警器适用于带电部位的开关及刀闸操作把手上，带电设备的爬梯上，带电设备围栏上，带电间隔的高压开关柜前、后网门处，用于防止工作人员误入带电区。当需要解除报警时，可通过配套设置的遥控器的相应按键进行解除。The present invention realizes the alarm through infrared detection, and sets the safe distance of infrared sensor IC1 to be greater than 1 meter or greater than 4 meters. This safe distance can be set according to actual requirements. When the distance is 4 meters, the sounder BL will emit an alarm sound, and the LED light can be set to flash at the same time, accompanied by voice prompts, such as power or high voltage danger. The alarm is suitable for the switch and knife switch operating handle of the live part, the ladder of the live equipment, the fence of the live equipment, the front and rear net doors of the high-voltage switch cabinet of the live interval, and is used to prevent the staff from entering the live area by mistake. When it is necessary to release the alarm, it can be released through the corresponding button of the remote controller provided with the set.
本报警器静态工作电流约10mA，接通电源约2分钟后进入守候状态，只要有人进入监视区便会报警。The static working current of this alarm is about 10mA, and it enters the waiting state after about 2 minutes after being connected to the power supply. As long as someone enters the monitoring area, it will alarm.
工作原理：红外传感器IC1探测到前方人体辐射出的红外线信号时，运算放大器IC2的电信号输出端输出微弱的电信号，经三极管VT1等组成第一级放大电路放大，再通过电解电容C2输入到运算放大器IC2中进行高增益、低噪声放大，此时运算放大器IC2输出端的信号已足够强。运算放大器IC3作电压比较器，它的同相输入端由电阻R10和二极管VD1提供基准电压，当运算放大器IC2的输出端输出的信号电压到达运算放大器IC3的反相输入端时，运算放大器IC3的同相输入端和反相输入端的电压进行比较，此时运算放大器IC3的输出端由原来的高电平变为低电平。电阻R14和电解电容C6组成延时电路，其时间约为1分钟。当运算放大器IC3的输出端变为低电平时，C6通过VD2放电，此时IC4的反相输入端变为低电平，反相输入端与同相输入端的基准电压进行比较，当反相输入端的电压低于基准电压时，IC4的输出端变为高电平，VT2导通，讯响器BL通电发出报警声。人体的红外线信号消失后，IC3的输出端又恢复高电平输出，此时VD2截止。由于C6两端的电压不能突变，故通过R14向C6缓慢充电，当C6两端的电压高于其基准电压时，IC4的输出端才变为低电平，时间约为1分钟，即持续1分钟报警。Working principle: When the infrared sensor IC1 detects the infrared signal radiated by the human body in front, the electrical signal output terminal of the operational amplifier IC2 outputs a weak electrical signal, which is amplified by the first-stage amplifier circuit composed of the triode VT1, etc., and then input to the High-gain, low-noise amplification is carried out in the operational amplifier IC2, and the signal at the output end of the operational amplifier IC2 is already strong enough. Operational amplifier IC3 is used as a voltage comparator, and its non-inverting input terminal is provided with a reference voltage by resistor R10 and diode VD1. When the signal voltage output from the output terminal of operational amplifier IC2 reaches the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC3, the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC3 The voltage at the input terminal and the inverting input terminal are compared, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC3 changes from the original high level to the low level at this time. Resistor R14 and electrolytic capacitor C6 form a delay circuit, and its time is about 1 minute. When the output terminal of the operational amplifier IC3 becomes low level, C6 discharges through VD2, at this time the inverting input terminal of IC4 becomes low level, the inverting input terminal is compared with the reference voltage of the non-inverting input terminal, when the inverting input terminal When the voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the output terminal of IC4 becomes high level, VT2 is turned on, and the sounder BL is energized to send out an alarm sound. After the infrared signal of the human body disappears, the output terminal of IC3 resumes high-level output, and VD2 is cut off at this time. Since the voltage at both ends of C6 cannot change abruptly, charge C6 slowly through R14. When the voltage at both ends of C6 is higher than its reference voltage, the output terminal of IC4 becomes low level for about 1 minute, that is, the alarm lasts for 1 minute. .
在使用中，可将报警器作为主机，设置配套的遥控器，通过遥控器上的按键控制主机。遥控器装上电池后，必须按遥控器上的按钮一次。当主机电源接通后，按下电源开关,主机发出1声哔声，LED持续闪烁，进入学码状态，此时按遥控器上的按键超过3秒以上,若主机学码成功，则发出4声哔声。In use, the alarm can be used as the host, and a matching remote control can be set to control the host through the buttons on the remote control. After the remote has batteries installed, you must press a button on the remote once. When the main unit is powered on, press the power switch, the main unit will emit a beep, and the LED will continue to flash, and enter the code learning state. At this time, press the button on the remote control for more than 3 seconds. If the main unit learns the code successfully, it will send out 4 Beep.
PIR热机：学码成功后立即进入PIR热机状态，此时LED亮起以指示热机过程在进行中，约30秒后热机完毕，LED熄灭。PIR warm-up: After successfully learning the code, it will immediately enter the PIR warm-up state. At this time, the LED lights up to indicate that the warm-up process is in progress. After about 30 seconds, the warm-up is completed and the LED goes out.
防盗设定：在报警解除状态下按遥控器上的按键，主机发出哔一声，LED闪一下，即进入警戒状态，LED每三秒闪烁一次，此时若有人或动物接近主机约5米，左右120度，上下60度，立即警报约20秒，0LED同步闪烁，报警持续3秒后，若仍有侦测到红外信号，则再报警约20秒，如此循环；约20秒后若没有侦测到信号则回到警戒状态。欲解除防盗设定再按此键即可，主机发出哔声二声，LED闪二下。Anti-theft setting: Press the button on the remote control when the alarm is released, the main unit will beep once, and the LED will flash once to enter the alert state. The LED will flash once every three seconds. 120 degrees, up and down 60 degrees, alarm immediately for about 20 seconds, 0LED flashes synchronously, after the alarm lasts for 3 seconds, if there is still an infrared signal detected, it will alarm for about 20 seconds, and this cycle; if there is no detection after about 20 seconds When the signal is received, it returns to the alert state. To cancel the anti-theft setting, press this button again, the host will beep twice, and the LED will flash twice.
解除警报：若要解除警报则按遥控器上的按键。Clearing the alarm: To cancel the alarm, press the button on the remote control.
弱电状态：主机本身在非警戒状态有弱电提醒，当电池电量不足时，约每20秒LED会闪一下，主机并会发出一声哔声，提醒更换电池。Weak power state: The main unit itself has a weak power reminder in the non-warning state. When the battery is low, the LED will flash once every 20 seconds, and the main unit will beep once to remind you to replace the battery.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式对实施方式三作进一步说明，红外传感器IC1的型号为Q74。Embodiment 4: In this embodiment, Embodiment 3 is further described, and the model of the infrared sensor IC1 is Q74.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式对实施方式三或四作进一步说明，NPN型三极管VT1的型号为9014。Embodiment 5: In this embodiment, Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4 is further described. The model of NPN transistor VT1 is 9014.
具体实施方式六：本实施方式对实施方式三、四或五作进一步说明，运算放大器IC2和运算放大器IC3的型号为LM358。Embodiment 6: In this embodiment, Embodiment 3, 4 or 5 is further described. The models of operational amplifier IC2 and operational amplifier IC3 are LM358.
具体实施方式七：本实施方式对实施方式三、四、五或六作进一步说明，运算放大器IC4的型号为LM393。Embodiment 7: In this embodiment, Embodiment 3, 4, 5 or 6 is further described. The model of operational amplifier IC4 is LM393.
具体实施方式八：本实施方式对实施方式三、四、五、六或七作进一步说明，NPN型三极管VT2的型号为MPSA13。Embodiment 8: In this embodiment, Embodiment 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 is further described. The model of NPN transistor VT2 is MPSA13.
具体实施方式九：本实施方式对实施方式三、四、五、六、七或八作进一步说明，NPN型三极管VT3的型号为8050。Ninth specific embodiment: This embodiment further describes the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth embodiments, and the model of the NPN transistor VT3 is 8050.
具体实施方式十：本实施方式对实施方式三、四、五、六、七、八或九作进一步说明，稳压芯片IC5的型号为78L06。Embodiment 10: In this embodiment, the embodiment 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 is further explained, and the model of the voltage stabilizing chip IC5 is 78L06.
Claims (10)
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Application publication date: 20141210 |