CN104198503B - Online coal ash content measurement system and method based on natural gamma rays - Google Patents
Online coal ash content measurement system and method based on natural gamma rays Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198503B CN104198503B CN201410419690.4A CN201410419690A CN104198503B CN 104198503 B CN104198503 B CN 104198503B CN 201410419690 A CN201410419690 A CN 201410419690A CN 104198503 B CN104198503 B CN 104198503B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online coal ash content measurement technique and particularly relates to an online coal ash content measurement system and method based on natural gamma rays. The online coal ash content measurement system comprises a shielding body, a gamma ray detector, an electronic belt scale, an energy spectrum analysis and processing instrument and a host, wherein the shielding body packages the exterior of a coal conveying belt; the gamma ray detector is distributed right below the coal conveying belt; the coal conveying belt is distributed on a coal conveying belt stander; the electronic belt scale is distributed on the coal conveying belt stander; the gamma ray detector and the electronic belt scale are respectively connected with the energy spectrum analysis and processing instrument through a signal wire; the energy spectrum analysis and processing instrument is connected with the host by a data line. According to the online coal ash content measurement system based on the natural gamma rays, a calculation coefficient is determined by virtue of a static calibration process which is carried out when a belt is stopped, and only a high-limit coal sample and a low-limit coal sample are required; compared with an active ash content instrument with a dynamic sampling calibration process, the online coal ash content measurement system has the advantages that the operation is easy and safe, a few varieties of coal samples are required, the weight is light, and the manpower, material resources and financial resources of users are greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ash content of coal line Measurement Technique is and in particular to a kind of on-line measurement based on natural gamma ray
The system and method for ash content of coal.
Background technology
Quality after ash content of coal is abundant at a certain temperature, the complete calcination of coal, shared by high atomic number oxide residue
Fraction (i.e. percentage by weight, be designated as ad%).Ash content of coal is closely related with the caloric value of coal, be evaluate ature of coal leading indicator it
One, for improving the utilization ratio of coal it is necessary to strictly control the ash of product of coal.But, traditional calcination assay method complex procedures,
Be given result lag time length it is impossible to adapt to product of coal quality control needs it is impossible to carry out real-time control, to coal resource
It is very unfavorable to make full use of.So, Coal dressing with using in it is also very desirable to can survey online ash method and apparatus so that
The content of ash in coal can fast and accurately be detected.
At present in actual applications, the Coal dressing of China with commonly used using enterprise saturating based on dual energy gamma ray
Penetrate the online Ash analyser of method.Write according to Zhang Zhi's health etc., the public affairs of " gamma-radiation coal ash analyzer " book that Atomic Energy Press publishes
Open introduction, this online Ash analyser uses two kinds of radioactive sources, Yi Zhongshi241Am radioactive source, emitted energy is the low-energy gamma of 60kev
Ray；Another kind is137Cs radioactive source, emitted energy is that the middle of 662kev can gamma ray.By two kinds of gamma rays with surely
The same tested coal seam of straight beam transmission, they are by according to exponential law decay during narrow beam gamma transmissive material.For241Am is low
Behind energy gamma ray transmissive coal seam, the decay of its intensity is had with ash content of coal and coal seam mass thickness (quality of coal in unit area)
Close, for137Behind energy gamma ray transmissive coal seam in cs, the decay of its intensity is only relevant with coal seam mass thickness, therefore passes through to survey
The decay of two kinds of gamma rays of amount can calculate ash content of coal: ad=ak-b.In formula, k=(lni0-lni)/(lnj0- lnj),
i0, j0With i, j represents on belt conveyor no coal and when having coal respectively, the transmitted intensity in the americium source recording and caesium source.Due to dual intensity
Amount gamma ray transmissive method Ash analyser uses two radioactive sources, and for safety reasons, China's existing laws and regulations are to radiation
The use of property material has strict regulation, and user needs just can make through the examination ＆ approval of the departments such as environmental protection, public security, health and after putting on record
With also needing in use carry out special messenger's full-time administrative to radioactive source, preventing escape of radioactivity, pollution environmental hazard human body is good for
Health, so for very inconvenient using user, on the other hand241Am radioactive source depends critically upon import, high cost, delivery cycle
No ensure.And the principle that dual intensity measures grey method has its intrinsic deficiency: Dual Energy Method belongs to spot measurement, as shown in Figure 1
Online Ash analyser: radioactive source 1 launches taper gamma ray for point source, detector 2 is only capable of the coal to the 3-5cm width region that pan is arrived
The ash of stream 3 measures, and is easily affected by coal flow distribution inequality on belt 4 transverse section, measurement result has very big office
Sex-limited, ash is representative poor.Simultaneously because what dual intensity method was used241Am radioactive source is low energy sources it is desirable to coal on belt 4
The surface density of stream 3 is in 5-30g/cm2Between, else if the too thick gamma-ray irradiation of coal stream 3 thickness is impermeable and too thin, affect
To measurement sensitivity, and low-energy gamma ray is very sensitive to high atomic number elements such as calcium, ferrum, and dual energy Ash analyser is not suitable for
In ature of coal, the elementary composition fluctuation such as calcium, ferrum is very big and is embedded with the use of the occasions such as the belt of wire-core.In addition, dual intensity method is grey
Divide instrument to need before use to carry out dynamic calibration to determine slope coefficient a and intercept coefficient b, need in calibration process to start skin
Band, gets out representative coal sample 5-9 part in measurement range in advance, for the coal conveyer belt of big flow,
Calibration process is very big to the consuming of human and material resources and financial resources, and a lot of application scenarios do not have implementation condition, therefore, limit
The use of dual intensity method Ash analyser.
The patent of invention of patent application publication number cn102778466a, discloses a kind of ash content of coal based on single radioactive source
Detecting system, this system only uses137Cs radioactive source, is received using multiple tracks data analysiss energy disperse spectroscopy137The spectrum letter of cs radioactive source
Number, by analyzing the content of ashes of the change-detection coal at the x-ray absorption peak of the 32kev obtaining, by detecting its full energy peak
And the mass density of the change-detection coal of Compton platform, revised by mass density due to Coal Quality variable density band
The impact coming, is effectively improved the stability of coal detection.Although this invention decreases mental retardation radioactive source241The use of am,
Reduce cost, but be still to use137Cs radioactive source, the x-ray absorption peak using its 32kev substitutes241The 60kev gamma of am
Ray, the method still the principle based on radioactive source Transmission Attenuation will detect ash content of coal, does not abandon making of radioactive source completely
With.Meanwhile, the x-ray of 32kev is lower compared to the gamma energy of 60kev, and the requirement to coal stream thickness is harsher, less
Be suitable in the occasion of the belt of embedded wire-core use, and this invention still need multiple known coal samples come dynamic calibration with
Determine slope coefficient and intercept coefficient.
The paper that the little equality of journey is delivered in " Shanxi Mining Inst.'s journal " is " using the all-round spectrometry coal of natural gamma ray
The pre-test of ash " in propose natural gamma rays be widespread in nature, have a certain amount of radioactivity in rock, soil
Nucleic, sends the interaction institute shape of high-energy gamma ray and material using the natural radioactivity nucleic such as potassium, thorium, uranium in ash content of coal
The low-energy peak becoming, the counting according to low-energy peak measures the imagination of ash with shape, and qualitatively gives pit ash content
Dependency relation with its gamma ray spectroscopy.The method, with natural radioactivity nucleic in ash as tiny radioactive source, does not use artificial
Radioactive source, does not add any hazardous radiation, safe and reliable, easy to detect, rapid.But it is disadvantageous in that and only determine
The qualitative relationships of content of ashes and natural radioactivity without determining quantitative relationship, and ignore the load parameter of coal with
The contact of natural radioactivity intensity, the method is not particularly suited for the occasion of online ash content of coal measurement.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcoming of the prior art not enough and providing a kind of online based on natural gamma ray
Measurement ash content of coal system and method, using the natural radioactivity principle of ash content of coal, does not adopt radioactive source, can pass through static demarcating
Process determines the relation of the ash, instantaneous load and natural radioactivity of tested coal stream, and ash measurement result is not subject in coal stream to be measured
The high atomic number elements such as calcium, ferrum form the impact of fluctuation, coal stream thickness etc., realize the measurement of belt tunneling boring it is adaptable to embed
The occasion of the belt of wire-core etc..
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One kind is based on natural gamma ray on-line measurement coal ash subsystem, including the shielding being wrapped in outside coal conveyer belt
Body, gamma-ray detector, belted electronic balance, energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument, main frame, described gamma-ray detector is arranged in defeated
Immediately below coal belt, described coal conveyer belt is arranged in coal conveyer belt frame, in the coal conveyer belt frame of coal conveyer belt bottom
Upper arranging electronic belt conveyer scale, gamma-ray detector and belted electronic balance are connected with energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument by holding wire respectively,
Energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument is connected with main frame by data wire；
Gamma-ray detector exports nature ray energy spectrum signal and temperature signal, electronic belt to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument
Scale exports coal stream instantaneous load signal and belt speed and start-stop signal to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument, and energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument is to letter
Number collect, correction, compensate, to main frame output digit signals, main frame calculates the ash of tested coal stream according to the live signal obtaining.
Based on the above, 3～4 meters of described shield length, form long 3～4 radioactivity background blind zone.
Based on the above, described shield is assembled by steel structure frame and Demountable metallic sheet material, metallic plate
Material 52 thickness is not less than 6cm.
Based on the above, described gamma-ray detector is built-in with to receive the gammaphoton sending coal stream and turns
It is changed to low potassium scintillator detector and the temperature sensor of power spectrum electric impulse signal.
Based on the above, the described weighing area of belted electronic balance and the search coverage of gamma-ray detector and
Radioactivity background blind zone is the same area of coal conveyer belt.
Based on the above, described belted electronic balance is defeated to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument to be not less than 20 times/frequency per second
Go out the 4-20ma current signal based on coal stream instantaneous load or instantaneous delivery, represent belt to the output of energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument simultaneously
The passive switch amount signal of start-stop.
A kind of method of the on-line measurement ash content of coal based on natural gamma ray, its measuring process is as follows:
On coal conveyer belt, the mellow lime nature high-energy gamma ray such as the potassium, thorium and uranium of distributing of coal stream passes through coal conveyer belt, quilt
Gamma-ray detector receives, and radiated photons are converted to power spectrum electric impulse signal and transmit and divide to power spectrum by gamma-ray detector
Analyse processing instrument, belted electronic balance will represent the 4-20ma current signal transfer of coal stream instantaneous load to energy spectrum analysiss process simultaneously
Instrument, the temperature signal that energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument obtains in gamma-ray detector is believed to power spectrum electric pulse according to temperature correction curve
Number correction, compensate, statistical counting, calculate power spectrum peak area data, peak area data and real-time load data be converted to numeral
, to main frame, main frame is according to the following formula real-time ash of calculating for signal transmission:
Ad=a*x3+b*x2+c*x+d
In formula, x=power spectrum peak area/instantaneous load, a, b, c, d are undetermined coefficient, are returned according to static demarcating data separate
Process is returned to obtain.
Described calibration process is static demarcating process, comprises the following steps:
1) the highest ash of conveyed coal stream and the most low-ash two kinds of coal samples at ordinary times are produced on coal conveyer belt respectively, two kinds
The weight of coal sample is and is equivalent to coal conveyer belt busy hour, the coal weight of 1.5m long coal stream on belt；
2) ash coal sample being crushed to particle diameter is below 6mm, mix homogeneously, and chemically examines out specific ash value, simultaneously
Mixed coal sample is divided into 10 parts, every part of pack, use for follow-up paving coal step；Low ash coal sample is crushed to particle diameter is
Below 6mm, mix homogeneously, and chemically examine out specific ash value, and mixed coal sample is divided into 10 parts simultaneously, every part of pack,
Use for follow-up paving coal step；
3) stop after coal conveyer belt no-load running, coal conveyer belt in radioactivity background blind zone is thoroughly cleaned, subsequently
Successively spread ash coal sample, one bag of coal of paving every time, i.e. the 10% of made ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, paving upwards
The shape of coal section is identical with situation during defeated coal at ordinary times, each time after the completion of paving coal, at least records three groups of peak area data, often
The sampling time of group data is set to 360s；
4) empty the ash coal sample on coal conveyer belt, coal conveyer belt is thoroughly cleaned, successively spread low ash then to upper
Coal sample, each one bag of coal of paving, i.e. the 10% of made low ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, spread the shape of coal section and put down
When defeated coal when situation identical, each time paving coal after the completion of, at least record three groups of peak area data, the sampling time of every group of data
It is set to 360s；
5), in order to ensure the accuracy of nominal data, in each sampling time, the personnel that demarcate should apart from paving coal region extremely
Few 3m distance, is disturbed with the ray excluding people itself；After paving coal terminates, the peak area parameter of input record, load in main frame
Parameter and ash parameter, main frame determines coefficient a, b, c and d according to the parameter regression treatment being inputted.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: peak area and coal stream using the natural gamma rays feature power spectrum of coal itself are born
Lotus and the relational implementation on-line measurement ash of ash, do not use radioactive source, safe and environment-friendly, reliable.Gamma detector detects skin
Natural gamma rays that on band, coal itself sends it is achieved that tunneling boring measurement to coal stream on belt, compared to active Ash analyser,
Measured zone is wider, and measurement result is more representative.The natural radioactivity of ash content of coal is derived from high-energy gamma ray, and transmission capacity is strong
Do not affected by coal stream thickness, granularity, accumulation situation and calcium, iron content, be therefore applicable to raw coal, content of ashes height and steel
The occasion of silk core belt.Natural gamma rays on-line coal ash content detection system determines design factor by static demarcating process, demarcates
Process carries out in the case that belt is out of service it is only necessary to high limit, two kinds of coal samples of lower bound, the Dynamic sampling with active Ash analyser
Calibration process is compared, simple to operate, safety, and the species of required coal sample is few, lightweight, has been greatly saved the human and material resources of user
And financial resources.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the online Ash analyser of Dual Energy Method.
Fig. 2 is the composition structural representation based on natural gamma rays online ash content of coal measuring system for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is based on environment radiation shield and electronics skin in natural gamma rays online ash content of coal measuring system for the present invention
Belt scale and the schematic view of the mounting position of gamma-ray detector.
Fig. 4 is the FB(flow block) based on natural gamma rays online ash content of coal measuring method for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the school of the relation of the weight of ash content of coal, the natural gamma radioactivity of coal and coal being obtained by static demarcating
Directrix curve figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of be based on natural gamma ray on-line measurement coal ash subsystem, including being wrapped in coal conveyer belt 4
The shield 5 of outside, gamma-ray detector 6, belted electronic balance 7, energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8, main frame 9, shield environmental exact details
The shield 5 of radiation is wrapped in left and right, the top of coal conveyer belt, and described gamma-ray detector 6 is arranged in coal conveyer belt 4
Underface, described coal conveyer belt 4 is arranged in coal conveyer belt frame 10, in the coal conveyer belt frame 10 of coal conveyer belt 4 bottom
Upper arranging electronic belt conveyer scale 7, described belted electronic balance 7 is installed on the radioactivity background blind zone that shield 5 is formed, can root
According to belt feeder 10 condition, using using the Suspended balance frame of four LOAD CELLSs or the beam balance of two LOAD CELLSs
Frame structure.Gamma-ray detector 6 and belted electronic balance 7 are connected with energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 by holding wire 11 respectively, and power spectrum is divided
Analysis processing instrument 8 is connected with main frame 9 by data wire 12；
Gamma-ray detector 6 exports nature ray energy spectrum signal and temperature signal, electronics skin to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8
Belt scale 7 exports coal stream 3 instantaneous load signal and belt speed and start-stop signal to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8, and energy spectrum analysiss are processed
Instrument 8 collects to signal, correction, compensates, and to main frame 9 output digit signals, main frame 9 calculates tested coal according to the live signal obtaining
The ash of stream.
Described energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 is the embedded meter that a stm32 chip based on arm kernel is central processing unit
Calculation machine, operating frequency 72mhz, chip is furnished with eight passage 12bitadc, enumerator, usart communication interface, the peripheral hardware such as general io,
For to input signal through row Analog-digital Converter, statistical counting, computing, signal such as collects at the work, using full duplex serial number
Word interface and host communication.
Described main frame 9 is to grind magnificent ipc610l industrial computer, accepts digital signal by moxa serial port board, runs ash and calculates
Program, statistics ash form etc., based on windows xp making software program.
Based on the above, described shield 5 shields environment and locally radiates the long radioactivity background screen of formation 3-4 rice
Cover area.Described shield 5 is assembled by steel structure frame 51 and Demountable metallic sheet material 52, and sheet metal 52 thickness is not low
In 6cm, typically adopt the thickness of 6-15cm, be arranged on steel structure frame, facilitate installing/dismounting.The radiation that surrounding exists
Property radiation, referred to as Background radiation, and background ray is random event, environment ray can be filtered out (shielding) by the steel plate of 6cm
The steel plate of 90%, 15cm can filter 99%, the shield of therefore shielding radioactivity background cover on the top of coal conveyer belt and
Both sides, prevent the interference to detector for the useless ray, effectively increase gamma-ray detector 6 and detect itself gamma ray of coal stream
Detection efficient.
Based on the above, described gamma-ray detector 6 is built-in with to receive the gammaphoton sending coal stream
Be converted to low potassium scintillator detector and the temperature sensor of power spectrum electric impulse signal.Described gamma-ray detector 6 is installed on
In the local radiation shield area that radioactivity background shield 5 is formed, surrounding and bottom enclosure are shielded by lead material, and top is opened
There is the epoxy resin detecting window for gamma ray transmissive to be close to the downside of coal conveyer belt, can more efficiently detect coal itself and send out
The natural gamma rays going out.Gamma-ray detector 6 is built-in with high energy resolution and the low potassium scintillator of detection efficient detects
Device, by nai (t1) scintillation crystal, photomultiplier tube, pre-amplification circuit, pulse shaping circuit forms, the size of scintillation crystal
Scope φ 100*200～φ 100*300mm.Also it is equipped with temperature sensor pt100 probe, for visiting in gamma-ray detector
Temperature parameter within surveying, calibrates to energy spectrum signal for energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument, compensates and uses.In order to avoid electric impulse signal
Decay, gamma-ray detector is used coaxial cable to be connected with energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 as holding wire.
Based on the above, the search coverage of the described weighing area of belted electronic balance 7 and gamma-ray detector 6 with
And shield 5 shields Background radiation blind zone coincidence the same area in coal conveyer belt 4 of Background radiation formation.
Based on the above, described belted electronic balance 7 is to be not less than 20 times/frequency per second to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8
The 4-20ma current signal based on coal stream 3 instantaneous load or instantaneous delivery for the output, exports to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 simultaneously and represents
The passive switch amount signal of belt start-stop.The range ability of LOAD CELLS is according to depending on belt metered flow.Due to load ginseng
Number participates in ash and calculates, in order to eliminate the larger interference bringing of coal stream 3 load fluctuation on belt 4 it is ensured that on-line coal ash content detection
Real-time and accuracy, reduce measurement system error, and it is instantaneous that belted electronic balance 7 is based on coal stream with the rate-adaptive pacemaker being not less than 20hz
The 4-20ma current signal of load signal, the measuring accuracy of belted electronic balance 7 is not less than 0.5 grade.Meanwhile, belted electronic balance 7 to
Energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 output represents the passive switch amount signal of belt start-stop, prevents the remaining coal on stopping belt to measurement
Interference.
Fig. 3 is radioactivity background shield 5, and gamma-ray detector 6 and belted electronic balance 7 are installed on coal conveyer belt
The schematic diagram of position, radioactivity background shield 5 covers coal conveyer belt and forms the Background radiation blind zone that length is 3～4m.
Belted electronic balance 7 is 14 type full suspension type structures, two groups of crane span structures of weighing, and altogether using 4 LOAD CELLSs, weighing area length is
4.8m.Gamma-ray detector 6 length is 0.8m, is together installed in anti-Background radiation interference range with belted electronic balance 7.Cause
This, Background radiation blind zone is covered with load Weighing Area and gamma ray detection area overlapping, that is, the coal stream of detected gamma ray
Be same Mei Liu area with weighing the coal stream of load, eliminate because on belt flow unstable and before and after the coal stream that causes thickness differ
The measurement error brought, can save smooth baffle plate or the Neutron beam equipment on belt on hardware, need not carry out on software again
Time delay equalization operates, and substantially increases accuracy and the real-time of ash measurement.
A kind of method based on natural gamma rays on-line measurement ash content of coal, its measuring process is as follows:
On coal conveyer belt 4, the mellow lime nature high-energy gamma ray such as the potassium, thorium and uranium of distributing of coal stream 3 passes through coal conveyer belt 4,
Received by gamma-ray detector 6, radiated photons are converted to power spectrum electric impulse signal and transmit to energy by gamma-ray detector 6
Spectrometer 8, simultaneously belted electronic balance 7 will represent the 4-20ma current signal transfer of coal stream 3 instantaneous load to energy depressive spectroscopy
8, the temperature signal in energy depressive spectroscopy 8 acquisition gamma-ray detector 6 is according to temperature correction curve to power spectrum electric impulse signal
Correction, compensation, statistical counting, calculate power spectrum peak area data, and peak area data and real-time load data are converted to numeral letter
Number it is transferred to main frame 9, main frame 9 calculates real-time ash according to following formula:
Ad=a*x3+b*x2+c*x+d
X=power spectrum peak area/instantaneous load in formula, a, b, c, d are undetermined coefficient, are returned according to static demarcating data separate
Process obtains.
Described calibration process is static demarcating process, comprises the following steps:
1) the highest ash of conveyed coal stream and the most low-ash two kinds of coal samples at ordinary times are produced on coal conveyer belt respectively, two kinds
The weight of coal sample is and is equivalent to coal conveyer belt busy hour, the coal weight of 1.5m long coal stream on belt；
2) ash coal sample being crushed to particle diameter is below 6mm, mix homogeneously, and chemically examines out specific ash value, simultaneously
Mixed coal sample is divided into 10 parts, every part of pack, use for follow-up paving coal step；Low ash coal sample is crushed to particle diameter is
Below 6mm, mix homogeneously, and chemically examine out specific ash value, and mixed coal sample is divided into 10 parts simultaneously, every part of pack,
Use for follow-up paving coal step；
3) stop after coal conveyer belt no-load running, coal conveyer belt in radioactivity background blind zone is thoroughly cleaned, subsequently
Successively spread ash coal sample, one bag of coal of paving every time, i.e. the 10% of made ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, paving upwards
The shape of coal section is identical with situation during defeated coal at ordinary times, each time after the completion of paving coal, at least records three groups of peak area data, often
The sampling time of group data is set to 360s；
4) empty the ash coal sample on coal conveyer belt, coal conveyer belt is thoroughly cleaned, successively spread low ash then to upper
Coal sample, each one bag of coal of paving, i.e. the 10% of made low ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, spread the shape of coal section and put down
When defeated coal when situation identical, each time paving coal after the completion of, at least record three groups of peak area data, the sampling time of every group of data
It is set to 360s；
5), in order to ensure the accuracy of nominal data, in each sampling time, the personnel that demarcate should apart from paving coal region extremely
Few 3m distance, is disturbed with the ray excluding people itself；After paving coal terminates, the peak area parameter of input record, load in main frame
Parameter and ash parameter, main frame determines coefficient a, b, c and d according to the parameter regression treatment being inputted.
Specific as follows:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the present invention utilizes the measuring method of natural gamma rays online ash content of coal measuring system, ring
Border Background radiation shield 5 shielding is derived from the interference to gamma detector 6 for the environment cosmic ray, and gamma-ray detector 6 detects
The natural gamma rays that on belt 4, coal stream 3 sends, photon, through scintillation crystal, exports after photomultiplier tube and pulse shaper
Electric impulse signal, the amplitude size of electric impulse signal represents the energy of natural gamma rays particle, the counting rate of electric impulse signal
Represent the intensity of natural gamma rays.Electric impulse signal is transferred to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8, power spectrum through low-impedance coaxial cable
Electric impulse signal is carried out multiple tracks conversion by analyzing and processing instrument 8, is formed with the 1.46mev of potassium 40, the 1.76mev of uranium series, thorium family
2.62mev is characterized the spectrum curve at peak.Amplification coefficient due to photomultiplier tube in gamma-ray detector 6 can become with temperature
Change and drift effect to spectrum curve peak position, accordingly, it is capable to analysis of spectrum processing instrument 8 reads in gamma-ray detector 6 in real time
Temperature signal, spectrum stabilization regulation is carried out according to temperature change.Due to coal conveyer belt 4 surrounding temperature change slowly,
And excursion is narrower, therefore energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 can temperature drift curve based on proven photomultiplier tube to institute
The threshold value of the statistics upper and lower threshold of peak area, through row coarse adjustment, corrects peak position, compensates peak area, the power spectrum region meter between upper lower threshold value
Number statistics, obtains peak area value.The every 50ms of belted electronic balance 7 provides the once 4- based on belt instantaneous load to energy depressive spectroscopy
20ma current signal, wherein 4ma represent zero load, and 20ma represents peak load.Energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument 8 reads load signal,
Convert analog signals into digital signal.Impact out of service in order to exclude coal conveyer belt 4, that ash is calculated, electronic belt
Scale 7 output represents the passive switch amount signal of coal conveyer belt 4 start-stop: 0 represents that belt is out of service, and 1: represent that belt starts to transport
OK.The peak area that main frame 9 is given according to energy depressive spectroscopy 8, instantaneous load parameter both can calculate real-time ash value according to following formula:
Ad=a*x3+b*x2+c*x+d
X=power spectrum peak area/instantaneous load in formula, a, b, c, d are undetermined coefficient, are obtained by static demarcating.
Fig. 5 is grey through situ static height obtained by calibrating and low ash coal sample peak area and weighing load relation calibration table.
According to field condition, choose the high grey and low ash each 200kg of coal sample, spread coal length 1.5m, through broken, division, chemically examine to obtain high ash
Coal sample ash value 42.73%, low ash coal sample ash value 19.04%.According to static demarcating step, stop belt and run, Xiang Ping
Cover internal 1.5m long belt upper berth coal, every time paving coal 20kg, record 10 groups of peak area data after the completion of paving coal every time, be averaged
Peak area.
High ash static demarcating data is as follows:
| Ash | 42.73 |
| Paving coal weight kg | Average peak area |
| 0 | 176.76 |
| 20 | 212.1 |
| 40 | 230.3 |
| 60 | 243 |
| 80 | 260.2 |
| 100 | 271.8 |
| 120 | 283 |
| 140 | 292.1 |
| 160 | 302.5 |
| 180 | 308.9 |
| 200 | 313.5 |
Low ash static demarcating data is as follows:
| Ash | 19.04 |
| Paving coal weight kg | Average peak area |
| 0 | 174 |
| 20 | 187 |
| 40 | 199.7 |
| 60 | 212.3 |
| 80 | 220.3 |
| 100 | 230.4 |
| 120 | 238.4 |
| 140 | 244.7 |
| 160 | 248.1 |
| 180 | 250.6 |
| 200 | 251.6 |
The calibration table being generated using Fig. 4, obtains the relation of coal sample ash and peak area and load, using linear regression processing
Corresponding parameter can be obtained as follows: a=0, b=0, c=10, d=5.
Using calibrated parameter, through row on-line coal ash content detection, as follows compared with laboratory values after sampled 10 groups of samples:
| Sequence number | Measured value | Laboratory values | Deviation |
| 1 | 37.27 | 35.89 | 1.38 |
| 2 | 35.55 | 36.63 | -1.08 |
| 3 | 27.25 | 28.91 | -1.66 |
| 4 | 27.93 | 27.42 | 0.51 |
| 5 | 28.6 | 27.45 | 1.15 |
| 6 | 26.64 | 25.96 | 0.68 |
| 7 | 37.61 | 41.74 | -4.13 |
| 8 | 30.21 | 31.46 | -1.25 |
| 9 | 30.25 | 30.4 | -0.15 |
| 10 | 32.08 | 31.34 | 0.74 |
The previously described preferred implementation of the present invention is to illustrate and describe the purpose of the present invention.Should be by
Limit the invention within disclosed content it is also possible to by coming from the enlightenment in above-mentioned contents and to the present invention
Practice obtaining the adjustment to the present invention and change.Therefore, the specific embodiment given by the present invention be not limit and
It is the technical spirit explaining the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to specific embodiment.The protection model of the present invention
Enclose and should be determined by claim, the equivalent of the present invention be should also be as being considered as without departing from protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of the on-line measurement ash content of coal based on natural gamma rays it is characterised in that:
Based on the on-line measurement coal ash subsystem of natural gamma rays, including the shield being wrapped in coal conveyer belt (4) outside
(5), gamma-ray detector (6), belted electronic balance (7), energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument (8), main frame (9), described gamma ray
Detector (6) is arranged in immediately below coal conveyer belt (4), and described coal conveyer belt (4) is arranged in coal conveyer belt frame (10),
The upper arranging electronic belt conveyer scale (7) of the coal conveyer belt frame (10) of coal conveyer belt (4) bottom, gamma-ray detector (6) and electronics
Belt conveyer scale (7) is connected with energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument (8) by holding wire (11) respectively, and energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument (8) passes through data wire
(12) it is connected with main frame (9)；
Gamma-ray detector (6) exports nature ray energy spectrum signal and temperature signal, electronics skin to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument (8)
Belt scale (7) exports coal stream (3) instantaneous load signal and belt speed and start-stop signal to energy spectrum analysiss processing instrument (8), and power spectrum is divided
Analysis processing instrument (8) collects to signal, correction, compensates, and to main frame (9) output digit signals, main frame (9) is according to the real-time letter obtaining
Number calculate tested coal stream ash；Described shield (5) shields environment and locally radiates the long radioactivity background of formation 3-4 rice
Blind zone；Described shield (5) is assembled by steel structure frame (51) and Demountable metallic sheet material (52), sheet metal
(52) thickness is not less than 6cm；
Described gamma-ray detector (6) is built-in with to receive the gammaphoton sending coal stream and is converted to power spectrum electric pulse
The low potassium scintillator detector of signal and temperature sensor；
The search coverage of the described weighing area of belted electronic balance (7) and gamma-ray detector (6) and environmental exact details spoke
Penetrate blind zone to overlap；
Described belted electronic balance (7) is based on coal stream (3) wink to be not less than 20 times/frequency per second to energy depressive spectroscopy (8) output
When load or instantaneous delivery 4-20ma current signal, represent the passive of belt start-stop and open to energy depressive spectroscopy (8) output simultaneously
Signal is measured in pass；
Its measuring process is as follows:
The mellow lime potassium, thorium and the uranium nature high-energy gamma ray distributed of the upper coal stream (3) of coal conveyer belt (4) passes through coal conveyer belt (4),
Received by gamma-ray detector (6), radiated photons are converted to the transmission of power spectrum electric impulse signal by gamma-ray detector (6)
To energy depressive spectroscopy (8), simultaneously belted electronic balance (7) by represent the 4-20ma current signal transfer of coal stream (3) instantaneous load to
Energy depressive spectroscopy (8), energy depressive spectroscopy (8) obtains the temperature signal foundation temperature correction curve in gamma-ray detector (6)
To the correction of power spectrum electric impulse signal, compensation, statistical counting, calculate power spectrum peak area data, by peak area data and Real-time Load
Data communication is transferred to main frame (9), and main frame (9) is according to the following formula real-time ash of calculating:
Ad=a*x3+b*x2+c*x+d
In formula, x is match value, x=power spectrum peak area/instantaneous load, and a, b, c, d are undetermined coefficient, need in advance to known ash
The coal of value is demarcated, and is obtained using regression treatment according to measurement result；
Described calibration process is static demarcating process, comprises the following steps:
1) the highest ash of conveyed coal stream and the most low-ash two kinds of coal samples at ordinary times, two kinds of coal samples are produced on coal conveyer belt respectively
Weight be and be equivalent to coal conveyer belt busy hour, the coal weight of 1.5m long coal stream on belt；
2) ash coal sample being crushed to particle diameter is below 6mm, mix homogeneously, and chemically examines out specific ash value, will mix simultaneously
Coal sample after conjunction is divided into 10 parts, every part of pack, uses for follow-up paving coal step；It is 6mm that low ash coal sample is crushed to particle diameter
Hereinafter, mix homogeneously, and chemically examine out specific ash value, mixed coal sample is divided into 10 parts, every part of pack, after supplying simultaneously
Continuous paving coal step uses；
3) stop after coal conveyer belt no-load running, coal conveyer belt in radioactivity background blind zone is thoroughly cleaned, then to upper
Successively spread ash coal sample, every time one bag of coal of paving, i.e. the 10% of made ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, paving coal breaks
The shape in face is identical with situation during defeated coal at ordinary times, each time after the completion of paving coal, at least records three groups of peak area data, every group of number
According to sampling time be set to 360s；
4) empty the ash coal sample on coal conveyer belt, coal conveyer belt thoroughly cleaned, successively spread low ash coal sample then to upper,
One bag of coal of paving every time, i.e. the 10% of made low ash coal sample gross weight, paving coal 10 times altogether, the shape of paving coal section and defeated coal at ordinary times
When situation identical, each time paving coal after the completion of, at least record three groups of peak area data, the sampling time of every group of data is set to
360s；
5), in order to ensure the accuracy of nominal data, in each sampling time, the personnel that demarcate should be apart from paving coal region at least 3m
Distance, is disturbed with the ray excluding people itself；After paving coal terminates, input the peak area parameter of record, load every time in main frame
Parameter and ash parameter, main frame determines coefficient a, b, c and d according to measurement result using regression treatment.
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Inventor after: Ge Xuehai Inventor after: Bai Yunfei Inventor after: Chen Peng Inventor after: Zhang Ligong Inventor after: Hu Dajian Inventor before: Ge Xuehai Inventor before: Bai Yunfei Inventor before: Chen Peng Inventor before: Zhang Ligong |