CN104197903A - Laser seaborne tide gauge and tide gauging method thereof - Google Patents
Laser seaborne tide gauge and tide gauging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104197903A CN104197903A CN201410484927.7A CN201410484927A CN104197903A CN 104197903 A CN104197903 A CN 104197903A CN 201410484927 A CN201410484927 A CN 201410484927A CN 104197903 A CN104197903 A CN 104197903A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/002—Measuring the movement of open water
- G01C13/004—Measuring the movement of open water vertical movement
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser seaborne tide gauge and a tide gauging method thereof. The gauge comprises a wireless communicator, a laser sensor, a keyboard, a displayer, a mainboard circuit and a main power supply board, wherein the mainboard circuit is formed by connecting a main controller, a clock controller, a data storage device, a storage device power supply, a serial circuit and a peripheral supporting circuit; the main controller is connected with the keyboard, the displayer, the clock controller, the data storage device and the serial circuit, and the data storage device is connected with the storage device power supply; the serial circuit is connected with a data output port, the wireless communicator and the laser sensor; the main power supply board is used for supplying power supplies for the circuits and equipment, and an external storage battery and a solar panel are used for supply voltage input or an alternating-current power grid is used for supplying a power supply through AC-DC for the main power supply board. The laser seaborne tide gauge obtains change of tide level data through change of laser, and the tide gauging method is simple, high in gauging precision and wide in range. The gauge is easy and convenient to mount, is basically maintenance-free and is stable and reliable in performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tide-meter and tidal observation method thereof, particularly the marine tide-meter of a kind of laser and tidal observation method thereof.
Background technology
Tide-meter is the instrument of observation oceanic tide fluctuation and change, and the tide-meter that is distributed in each tidal station in sea area by installation carries out the seawater tidal level data acquisition in corresponding sea area, for hydrologic monitoring management etc.
At present, tidal observation measuring technique has following several form:
Pressure type: gather seawater tidal level with pressure transducer and change the pressure variation bringing, pressure transducer need to be put under the some rice of water, obtain the variation of pressure data; Its connection is comparatively easy, but works long hours, and seawater silt back-silts, and the work fatigue of pressure metal easily causes water level acquisition precise decreasing; Safeguard more frequently, and need to regularly replace sensor.
Float-type: wherein water float and weight are connected on rotating disk by steel wire, the tidal level variation of seawater drives the variation of rotating disk to gather the delta data of seawater tidal level by float, and the method is longer service time, technology is comparatively ripe, but equipment is comparatively heavy, complexity is installed, and needs frequent maintenance.
Ultrasonic type: be to launch by ultrasonic sensor the variation that ultrasound wave detects seawater tidal level, water level acquisition equipment is comparatively simple, install more convenient, contactless with seawater; But ultrasonic sensor is subject to the impact of coastal environmental change, water level acquisition precision changes greatly, and stability is not good enough, and seawater tidal level detects less use at present.
Microwave type: adopt microwave remote sensor launched microwave signal, the variation by microwave signal in seawater obtains the delta data of seawater tidal level; Install more for convenience, is that a kind of tidal observation of development at the early-stage is in recent years measured form, and the further exploitation that needs is perfect.
Therefore, provide a kind of reasonable in design, simple in structure, performance safety is reliable, the marine tide-meter of the significant laser of effect and tidal observation method thereof, is one of current difficult problem anxious to be resolved of these those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in prior art, a kind of reasonable in design, performance safety is reliable, effect is remarkable, applicating maintenance is convenient and measuring accuracy is high marine tide-meter and tidal observation method thereof are provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the marine tide-meter of a kind of laser, is characterized in that this instrument comprises radio communication apparatus, laser sensor, keyboard, display, motherboard circuit and main power board;
Described motherboard circuit is connected to form by master controller, clock controller, data-carrier store, memory power, serial port circuit and peripheral support circuit;
Described master controller is connected with keyboard, display, clock controller, data-carrier store, serial port circuit respectively; Data-carrier store is connected with memory power; Serial port circuit is connected with data output, radio communication apparatus, laser sensor respectively; Described main power board provides power supply for foregoing circuit and equipment;
Described main power board provides voltage input by outside storage battery and solar panels, or by AC-DC, provides power supply by AC network.
The master controller IC1 mouth 0 that this main equipment board circuit part comprises is connected with eight IO interfaces of address latch IC2 input interface, clock controller IC4 and data-carrier store IC3 respectively; The mouth 2 of eight delivery outlets of IC2 and IC1 is connected respectively to low eight, high seven bit address interface and the chip select pins of IC3; The mouth 1 of IC1 is connected CN3 with the part pin of mouth 3 and detects output pin and be connected CN4 to display to keyboard and battery voltage, other pin of IC1 connects the input and output of IC5 and the control pin of IC3, IC4, and the input and output pin that IC5 is corresponding is connected to the serial ports Transistor-Transistor Logic level input and output pin of IC6; The serial ports 232 level input and output pin of IC6 connect laser sensor, CN2 to radio communication apparatus by connector socket CN1, and CN1_1 is data output interface;
The capacitor C 1 that described peripheral support circuit comprises, C2, crystal oscillator OSC1 are the clock circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 1, capacitor C 3 are electrify restoration circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 2, capacitor C 4 are electrify restoration circuits of clock controller IC4; Diode D1, D2, battery BT1 are the memory powers of data-carrier store IC3; CN4 is the connector socket that mainboard connects display, and CN3 is the connector socket that mainboard connects keyboard.
Main power board partly comprises that main power board power supply input wires socket PCN1 and power switch KK are connected to the bridge circuit PD1 of main power board, the input of the output termination switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 of bridge circuit PD1, and by main power board output connection socket PCN3, connect radio communication apparatus, simultaneously by a pin power supply laser sensor of main power board output connection socket PCN2; The positive 5V voltage of switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 stable output is for the work of whole instrument; Voltage comparator ic 21 is outside storage battery input voltage detection circuits, and its input pin is connected to the output terminal of bridge circuit PD1 by resistance R 21, and its output is connected to the master controller IC1 of mainboard by 2 pin of main power board output connection socket PCN2; The 5V voltage stabilizing of main power board is connected to the connector socket PN1 of mainboard by connector socket PCN2.
A tidal observation method for the marine tide-meter of laser, is characterized in that the concrete implementation step of this tidal observation method comprises:
(1) the instrument beginning that switches on power, first by master controller self-initialize, then corresponding clock controller, display, data-carrier store are carried out to initialization, and read the current time information of clock controller, write display and show that current time carries out data compression data writing storer simultaneously; Start watchdog circuit manage control master controller owing to being disturbed the program fleet that may cause deadlock problem; Start the interruptive port of clock controller and keyboard simultaneously, wait for corresponding look-at-me;
(2) clock controller each second to master controller application, once interrupt, master controller obtain clock controller in have no progeny and read the time data of clock controller, and judge whether it is to carry out tidal level detection time, within 5 minutes, carry out a tidal level and detect; If do not need tidal level to detect master controller, do not rewrite display temporal information, show in real time current time, return to circular wait; If need to carry out tidal level, start laser sensor detection time and carry out tidal level detection, often carry out a tidal level and detect and need to adopt continuous 15 startup laser sensors carry out 15 tidal level data acquisitions;
(3) 15 tidal level being detected to data carries out data calculating and processes in order to obtain the current data of tidal level accurately; The signal that current temporal information and tidal level data and main power board are detected storage battery output electric weight behaviour in service is together sent to Surveillance center by radio communication apparatus, current time information and tidal level data are carried out to compression storing data in data-carrier store simultaneously, rewrite display and show current time and tidal level, and return to circular wait;
(4) keyboard interrupt entrance is that operating personnel carry out current set of time, or while needing operating personnel with computing machine by the tidal level data in past 50 days of storing in data output downloading data storer, and carry out emptying of data-carrier store data need to be emptied time, during keyboard operation, the real-time display operation content of display, returns to circular wait after completing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts laser transmitter projects laser, the variation by laser detects the data that the variation of tidal level changes to obtain tidal level, is a kind of novel tidal level detection mode; Apparatus installation is easy, except laser sensor, is all arranged in a sealed cabinet, contactless with seawater, guarantees the impact that instrument is not changed by environment temperature, humidity etc., effectively guarantees the stable and reliable of instrument work.The impact that this instrument work is not changed by working environment substantially, measurement range is wide, 0.05 meter-70 meters, and can meet the requirement that various tidal level change, tidal level measuring accuracy is far away higher than the measuring accuracy of alternate manner, and full accuracy can reach 0.1 millimeter, and this instrument and method precision of tide observation thereof are high, and working stability is reliable, basic Maintenance free.
In a word, this apparatus structure is simple, reasonable in design, and performance safety is reliable, energy-conservation, efficiency is high; Implementation method is easy, tidal observation data accurate, good stability, effect highly significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is application system connection diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that circuit part of the present invention forms connection block diagram;
Fig. 3 is the invention process flow chart of steps;
Fig. 4 is mainboard main control part circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is mainboard output string notch portion circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is motherboard power supply partial circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the peripheral support section circuit theory diagrams of mainboard of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is main power board circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
In figure:
Integrated circuit: master controller IC1, address latch IC2, data-carrier store IC3, clock controller IC4; Multi-path digital switch I C5, serial port circuit IC6; Switching mode three terminal regulator IC20, voltage comparator ic 21;
Resistance: R1, R2; R21, R22, R23, R24, R25;
Group row resistance: RR1;
Electric capacity: C1, C2, C3, C4; C10, C11, C12, C13; C20, C21, C22, C23; C24, C25, C26, C27, C28, C29, C30, C31;
Diode: D1, D2;
Protection diode: D20;
Connector socket: CN1, CN1_1, CN2, CN3, CN4, PN1;
Storage power battery: BT1;
Crystal oscillator: OSC1;
Main power board input wires socket: PCN1;
Main power board output connection socket: PCN2, PCN3;
Bridge circuit: PD1;
Potentiometer: VR20;
Power switch: KK.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to embodiment provided by the invention, structure, details are as follows for feature:
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4-Fig. 8, the marine tide-meter of a kind of laser, this instrument comprises radio communication apparatus, laser sensor, keyboard, display, motherboard circuit and main power board; Part except laser sensor is all arranged in sealed cabinet; Sealed cabinet connects respectively outside storage battery input line, radio communication apparatus antenna, laser sensor 232 serial ports and power lead by three pressure terminals; Laser sensor is also watertight, and a waterproof connector is data output (COM).
In Fig. 2, the motherboard circuit I shown in dotted line frame is connected to form by master controller, clock controller, data-carrier store, memory power, serial port circuit and peripheral support circuit;
Described master controller is connected with keyboard, display, clock controller, data-carrier store, serial port circuit respectively; Data-carrier store is connected with memory power; Serial port circuit is connected with data output, radio communication apparatus, laser sensor respectively; Described main power board provides power supply for foregoing circuit and equipment;
Described main power board provides voltage input by outside storage battery and solar panels, or by AC-DC, provides power supply by AC network.
The master controller model that this main equipment board circuit part comprises is that input port, the clock controller IC4 model that AT89C52 IC1 mouth 0 is 74HC373 with address latch IC2 model is respectively that eight IO interfaces that DS12C887 is UT62256 with data-carrier store IC3 model are connected; The mouth 2 of eight delivery outlets of 74HC373 IC2 and AT89C52 IC1 is connected respectively to low eight, the high seven bit address interfaces of UT62256 IC3 and the chip select pin of IC3; The mouth 1 of AT89C52 IC1 is connected CN3 with the part pin (P1.1, P1.2, P1.3, P3.2, P3.4, P3.5) of mouth 3 and is connected CN4 to display to keyboard with (P1.6, P1.7), P3.5 is connected to the output pin of main power board IC21 by 2 pin of motherboard power supply socket PN1 in addition, other pin of AT89C52 IC1 (P3.0, P3.1, P1.4) connects input and output and the control pin that IC5 model is CH440G, (P1.5, P3.3, P3.6, P3.7) connects respectively the control pin of IC4, and (P3.6, P3.7) connects the control pin of IC3 simultaneously; The corresponding input and output pin of IC5 is connected to the serial ports Transistor-Transistor Logic level input and output pin that IC6 model is MAX232; It is data output interface (COM) to laser sensor, CN2 to radio communication apparatus, CN1_1 that the serial ports 232 level input and output pin of IC6 are connected to CN1;
The capacitor C 1 that described peripheral support circuit comprises, C2, crystal oscillator OSC1 are the clock circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 1, capacitor C 3 are electrify restoration circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 2, capacitor C 4 are electrify restoration circuits of clock controller IC4; Diode D1, D2, battery BT1 are the memory powers of data-carrier store IC3; CN4 is the connector socket that mainboard connects display, and CN3 is the connector socket that mainboard connects keyboard.
Described main power board partly comprises that PCN1 is the bridge circuit PD1 that main power board power supply input wires socket and power switch KK are connected to main power board, the input of the output termination switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 of bridge circuit PD1 and connect radio communication apparatus by PCN3, by a pin power supply laser sensor of PCN2, switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 model is that the positive 5V voltage of K7805-2 stable output is for the work of whole instrument simultaneously; Voltage comparator ic 21 models are that LM311 is outside storage battery input voltage detection circuit, and its input pin is connected to the output terminal of bridge circuit PD1 by resistance R 21, and its output is connected to the master controller of mainboard by 2 pin of PCN2; The 5V voltage stabilizing of main power board is connected to the connector socket PN1 of mainboard by main power board output connection socket PCN2.
The principle of work of each parts that relate in circuit, effect and employing model and parameter request:
As shown in Figure 4, mainboard main control part circuit is AT89C52(CPU by master controller IC1 employing model); It is 74HC373 that address latch IC2 adopts model, for completing the address latch of IC1 and IC3; It is UT62256 that data-carrier store IC3 adopts model, and storage is through the tidal level of data compression and time data; It is DS12C887 that clock controller IC4 adopts model, to master controller, provides time data, and this chip includes battery inside after power-off still can continue the deadline while continuing to walk, guarantee clock after again switching on continuously; On draw group row's resistance R R1(10K) be the pull-up resistor of IC1 mouth 0, CN3 is keyboard gang socket, connects keyboard and completes man-machine conversation.
As shown in Figure 5, serial port of mainboard partial circuit is that CH440G and serial port circuit IC6 model are that MAX232 forms by multi-path digital switch I C5 model; Serial port circuit IC6 is for the TTL serial port power of master controller IC1 is flatted turn and changed 232 serial ports level into, because master controller IC1 only has a serial ports, and master controller is to be that storage data output is connected by serial ports connector socket CN1 and laser sensor, connector socket CN2 with radio communication apparatus, CN1_1, complete above-mentioned connection will complete by multi-path digital switch I C5 and serial port circuit IC6; Capacitor C 10(1 μ f), be C11(1 μ f), C12(1 μ f), C13(1 μ f) the work Support Capacitor of serial port circuit IC6.
As shown in Figure 6, motherboard power supply partial circuit is by capacitor C 24-C30(0.1 μ f) and C31(470 μ f) and PN1 form, PN1 is the power supply wiring socket that connects main power board on mainboard, capacitor C 24-C29 is the decoupling capacitance of integrated circuit (IC) 1-IC6, and capacitor C 30, C31 are motherboard power supply filter capacitors.K-START shown in Fig. 6 is that outside storage battery input voltage detects pin, and 2 pin by the output pin of Fig. 8 main power board IC21 by PCN2 are connected to the K-START pin (P3.5) of Fig. 4 master controller to 2 pin of the PN1 of mainboard.
As shown in Figure 7, the peripheral support section circuit of mainboard is by capacitor C 1(47pf), C2(47pf), crystal oscillator OSC1(11.059MHZ) be the clock circuit of master controller IC1, resistance R 1(1K), be capacitor C 3(22 μ f) electrify restoration circuit of master controller IC1, resistance R 2(10K), be capacitor C 4(10 μ f) electrify restoration circuit of clock controller IC4, diode D1, D2(1N5819), battery BT1(3V) be the memory power of data-carrier store IC3, CN4 is the connector socket that mainboard connects display.RES1 shown in Fig. 7 is the resetting pin of master controller IC1, and it is the tie point of capacitor C 3, resistance R 1, is connected to the RES1 pin of Fig. 4 master controller IC1; RES2 is the resetting pin of clock controller IC4, and it is the tie point of capacitor C 4, resistance R 2, is connected to the RES2 pin of Fig. 4 clock controller IC4; Meanwhile, the X1-1 shown in Fig. 7, X1-2 are the clock input and output pin of master controller IC1, and the capacitor C 1 of its connection layout 7, C2, crystal oscillator OSC1 are connected to X1-1, the X1-2 pin of Fig. 4 master controller IC1.
As shown in Figure 8, main power board is K7805-2 by three-terminal switch voltage stabilizer IC20(model), the not voltage stabilizing 12V voltage transitions that completes the input of outside storage battery becomes stable VCC(+5V) voltage offers instrument, it is LM311 by IC21(model that storage battery input voltage detects) complete, for picking up, survey storage battery input voltage behaviour in service and provide outside storage battery input voltage whether normal information to master controller, when external input voltage provides power failure signal to master controller IC1 during lower than 10.8 volts, PCN1 is main power board input wires socket, it is outside storage battery input wires socket, KK is power switch, bridge circuit PD1(1A) be to connect instead for controlling power positive cathode, when power positive cathode connects the normal work that inverse time still can guarantee instrument, protection diode D20(model is SA24CA) play the effect of power supply surging prevention, capacitor C 20(10 μ f/25V), C21(0.1 μ f), C22(22 μ f), C23(0.1 μ f) be the filter capacitor of switch three terminal regulator IC20, resistance R 21(1M), R22(450K), R23(150K), R24(180K), potentiometer VR20(100K) be IC21 static state setting resistance, adjust potentiometer VR20 when outside storage battery input voltage is during lower than 10.8 volts, IC21 out-put supply fault-signal is to master controller, resistance R 25(10K) be the output pull-up resistor of IC21, because the operating voltage of radio communication apparatus lies prostrate at 5-35, the operating voltage of laser sensor lies prostrate at 9-20, do not need stabilized voltage supply IC20 to provide, radio communication apparatus is powered by connector socket PCN3, laser sensor is provided by a pin of connector socket PCN2.
Described radio communication apparatus, laser sensor and liquid crystal display all adopt commercially available.
Radio communication apparatus model is CM6550P; For example adopt Xiamen Cai Mao communication Science and Technology Ltd. product.
Laser sensor model is FTM-50; For example adopt Fei Tuo Xinda, Beijing laser technology company limited product.
Liquid crystal display is commercially available prod, and for example model can adopt 12864 ZW.
The feature of chief component parts:
Described keyboard mainly completes man-machine conversation, can complete the emptying of setting to present clock, data-carrier store, the data of data-carrier store storage are downloaded to computing machine (PC) etc. by data output (COM).
Described clock controller can adopt the newly designed clock chip DS12C887 of dallas, u.s.a chip companies, this chip has several data storage format, can well meet different Clock Design requirements, this chip is also provided data storage lithium battery for oneself simultaneously, can the in the situation that of power-off, preserve the clock setting and work on.
Described data-carrier store is mainly used to preserve tidal level acquisition data and the temporal information of handling well and compressing, and considers the requirement that tidal level detects, and needs to gather for 5 minutes tidal level data.Current storage chip has two types, Static and dynamic storage, static store do not need storage power, it is more convenient to use, but its erasable number of times is generally at 100,000 times (according to chip handbook), within such 5 minutes, gather once, within one day, want 288 times, 1 year will more than 100,000 time erasable, in other words will within 1 year, will change with static memory, it is worthless obviously adopting static memory.And dynamic storage is to adopt storage power to keep the data of preserving not to be lost the in the situation that of power-off, although circuit is slightly more complex, without the restriction of erasable number of times.Therefore in design, adopting is dynamic memory chip UT62256, and this chip is 32K storage space, if the tidal level data and the temporal information that gather are carried out to data compression, at least can store tidal level and the time data of 50 days.Here design data storage mode is current tidal level and the time data of at least 50 days forward of storage, and the storage data in storer are current and former 50 days tidal level and time data of storage forever.Once if data communication failure like this, as radio communication apparatus damages, real-time tidal level data cannot be received by tidal level inspection center, also meet completely if having time staff to the tidal level data of on-site maintenance and the corresponding number of days of download.
The effect of described main power board is that the power supply of storage battery or solar panels is carried out to the normal work that voltage stabilizing offers instrument, it is to adopt Switching Power Supply structure to the conversion of DC that this power panel completes DC, can greatly improve the conversion efficiency of power supply like this, be conducive to the use of the valuable electric energy of on-the-spot tidal station.Instrument can be operated in the Power supply of 9-18V; consider that high-frequency electromagnetic that large vessel dealing engine produces disturbs and the interference of thunder and lightning during thunderstorm, in circuit of the present invention, added D20 surging prevention diode and capacitor C 20-C23 as anti-low-and high-frequency EMI Filtering.Due to the operating voltage of radio communication apparatus in the operating voltage of 5-35V, laser sensor at 9-20V, therefore without voltage stabilizing directly by bridge circuit PD1 output power supply.Consider that each tidal station is unmanned, the behaviour in service of knowing storage battery electric energy is very important, the IC21 of main power board is for monitoring the service condition of storage battery electric energy for this reason, once the excessive use of storage battery, supply voltage is low when the 10.8V, can by IC21, detect and upload to the master controller of mainboard, by master controller, by radio communication apparatus, reach Surveillance center, be convenient to maintainer's instant maintenance.
Described master controller (CPU) is the heart of tide-meter, and the course of work of whole tide-meter is completed by its control.In design, can adopt the AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer of American ATMEL as master controller (CPU), the enhancement mode of Qi Wei INTEL Corp. 51 series monolithics, have that software development is convenient, emulation is easy, and software translating writes the features such as flexible, ram in slice is increased to 256 bytes of storage space, has facilitated the data processing of whole equipment.In sheet, set up WATCH DOG (house dog) CPU management circuit, software programming starts house dog, and the phenomenon that so just can fine control flies to crash because interference causes master controller software to run occurs.
During master controller work, gather the clock data of being exported by clock controller and judge whether to start tidal level and detect, if it is start laser sensor and carry out tidal level data acquisition, the data that collect are carried out being temporarily stored in the RAM of master controller after data processing arrangement, also to gather the voltage energy consumption that IC21 provides power supply simultaneously, judge whether normal.The temporal information of the tidal level data in RAM, clock controller and storage battery energy consumption are sent to radio communication apparatus, start radio communication apparatus data are together passed to Surveillance center.Also tidal level data and temporal information to be compressed simultaneously, store in data-carrier store, and tidal level data and temporal information in RAM are shown in liquid crystal display.
This tidal observation method emphasis implementation step comprises:
(1) tidal level data acquisition
The general data of tide-meter is real-time tidal level data acquisition, adopt laser sensor as tidal level data acquisition to have data acquisition accurate, the advantages such as Maintenance free (for pressure and float-type transmitter).But for wave and the impact of surging, tidewater detection accuracy is required more important, collection correctness to tidal level data when this is write to software is extremely important, it is necessary adopting digital filtering, the method of current digital filtering roughly has three kinds to be program judgement filtering, medium filtering and running mean value filtering, for above-mentioned wave impact, the integrated digital filtering method that in design, the judgement of employing program and improved running mean value filtering combine meets the accuracy of tidewater data acquisition, each data acquisition 15 times, remove minimum and maximum image data, and to other sampled data running mean value filtering.
(2) watchdog reset
During tide-meter work, be unattended, rely on the software of master controller to complete voluntarily completely, when suffering external disturbance, (as thunder and lightning) may cause software race fly and crash, in design except installing additional on hardware Anti-surging and filtering circuit, also added master controller management circuit WATCH DOG(house dog), common house dog is reset master controller (CPU) after the race of master controller software flies to crash, and tide-meter all will store the temporal information of sampling at every turn and tidal level data in data storage into, in order to guarantee the data storage area domain integrity in storer, master controller must be known the cause that oneself resets, in design, adopted the ram space of a byte as reset breakpoint zone bit for this reason, guaranteed when the each reset routine of master controller (CPU) is carried out to know it oneself is that starting up resets or watchdog reset, if watchdog reset, program will continue executive routine in breakpoint place before reset, guaranteed the complete of whole equipment work.
As shown in Figure 3, the concrete implementation step of this tidal observation method comprises:
(1) the instrument beginning that switches on power, first by master controller (IC1 AT89C52) self-initialize, the RAM corresponding positions of self inside is processed, while running to each key point due to program, to process corresponding position, once fly because interference causes primary controller procedure to run like this, also can reset master controller make master controller get back to corresponding program fleet place continue to carry out of watchdog circuit, master controller (IC1) inside carries watchdog circuit only needs software setting can open this circuit.Then to corresponding clock controller (IC4 DS12C887), display (12864ZW), data-carrier store (IC3 UT62256) carries out initialization, and read the current time information of clock controller IC4, write display and show that current time (comprising year, month, day, hour, min, second) carries out data compression data writing storer simultaneously.Because equipment is to be operated in unmanned, for guaranteeing equipment reliably working, in case running, primary controller procedure flies to cause deadlock, and start watchdog circuit and manage the program fleet of controlling master controller.Start the interruptive port of clock controller and keyboard simultaneously, wait for corresponding look-at-me.
(2) clock controller each second to master controller application, once interrupt, master controller obtain clock controller in have no progeny and read time data, and judge whether it is to carry out tidal level detection time (every 5 minutes needs carry out a tidal level and detect).If do not need tidal level to detect master controller, do not rewrite display temporal information, show in real time current time, return to circular wait; If desired carrying out tidal level starts laser sensor carry out tidal level detection detection time; Consider the accuracy that tidal level detects, adopt continuous 15 startup laser sensors to carry out 15 tidal level data acquisitions here.
(3) 15 tidal level being detected to data carries out data calculating and processes in order to obtain the current data of tidal level accurately.By current temporal information and tidal level data and main power board by PN1(2 pin) the storage battery electric weight behaviour in service signal of output is (when battery voltage is during lower than 10.8V, storage battery breaks down) together by radio communication apparatus, be sent to Surveillance center, and current time information and tidal level data are carried out to data compression (data-carrier store IC3 limited storage space) and store in data-carrier store (IC3); Rewrite display displaying time and tidal level simultaneously, and return to circular wait.
(4) keyboard interrupt entrance is that operating personnel carry out current set of time, or while needing operating personnel with computing machine by the tidal level data in the past 50 days of the inner storage of data output downloading data storer (IC3), and carry out emptying of data-carrier store need to empty data time; During keyboard operation, the real-time display operation content of display, returns to circular wait after completing.
The course of work of the present invention and principle are as follows:
The vertical sea of laser sensor of this instrument is installed on the location-plate of seashore tide gauge well support; After tide-meter switches on power, first master controller reads the temporal information in clock controller (DS12C887), and this clock chip internal battery is for maintaining the continuation operation of clock after power-off.If the tidal level acquisition time (gathering a tidal level for every 5 minutes), start laser sensor and gather tidal level, consider the impact of the wave of seawater, for improving the accuracy of image data, main controller controls laser sensor gathers tidal level data continuous 15 times, the data that collect are closed laser sensor after keeping in the RAM of master controller inside, to collect 15 groups of data processes, disposal route is to remove respectively in 15 groups of data maximum and minimum, and other 13 groups of data are obtained to current tidal level data as arithmetic mean, such object is in order to improve the accuracy of tidal level data.Then temporal information, tidal level data, battery voltage behaviour in service information are sent to radio communication apparatus together, by radio communication apparatus, data are sent to Surveillance center by network, again tidal level data and temporal information are compressed, store in data-carrier store, and the data of storing in data-carrier store are moved forward to one group, the object of doing is like this to guarantee that the data of depositing in storer are current and with the first five tidal level data of ten days forever.Finally rewrite display and show current time and tidal level.
Keyboard and display be for man-machine conversation and show related content, and display is used for showing current time (year, month, day, hour, min, second) and tidal level, while normally working display in low-light level for energy-conservation.Keyboard for clock is set and while needing staff to the first five tidal level data of ten days of field download, and carry out emptying of data-carrier store need to empty data time.
This sea tide-meter application example:
Referring to Fig. 1, whole system is by the tidal level data acquisition that is laid in longshore each tidal station and forms corresponding sea area, the tidal level data that each tidal station collects synchronization timing are sent to wireless base station by existing telecommunications wireless network, then by the monitoring center of the network delivery unit of arriving.The hydrologic management personnel tidal level situation to each tidal level station by computing machine hydrologic monitoring software real-time monitored easily just like this, and each tidal level data are gone out to store into lane database.
Above-mentioned detailed description of the marine tide-meter of this laser and tidal observation method thereof being carried out with reference to example is illustrative rather than determinate, therefore in the variation and the modification that do not depart under general plotting of the present invention, within should belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the marine tide-meter of laser, is characterized in that this instrument comprises radio communication apparatus, laser sensor, keyboard, display, motherboard circuit and main power board;
Described motherboard circuit is connected to form by master controller, clock controller, data-carrier store, memory power, serial port circuit and peripheral support circuit;
Described master controller is connected with keyboard, display, clock controller, data-carrier store, serial port circuit respectively; Data-carrier store is connected with memory power; Serial port circuit is connected with data output, radio communication apparatus, laser sensor respectively; Described main power board provides power supply for foregoing circuit and equipment;
Described main power board provides voltage input by outside storage battery and solar panels, or by AC-DC, provides power supply by AC network.
2. the marine tide-meter of laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that the master controller IC1 mouth 0 that this main equipment board circuit part comprises is connected with eight IO interfaces of address latch IC2 input interface, clock controller IC4 and data-carrier store IC3 respectively; The mouth 2 of eight delivery outlets of IC2 and IC1 is connected respectively to low eight, high seven bit address interface and the chip select pins of IC3; The mouth 1 of IC1 is connected CN3 with the part pin of mouth 3 and detects output pin and be connected CN4 to display to keyboard and battery voltage, other pin of IC1 connects the input and output of IC5 and the control pin of IC3, IC4, and the input and output pin that IC5 is corresponding is connected to the serial ports Transistor-Transistor Logic level input and output pin of IC6; The serial ports 232 level input and output pin of IC6 connect laser sensor, CN2 to radio communication apparatus by connector socket CN1, and CN1_1 is data output interface;
The capacitor C 1 that described peripheral support circuit comprises, C2, crystal oscillator OSC1 are the clock circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 1, capacitor C 3 are electrify restoration circuits of master controller IC1; Resistance R 2, capacitor C 4 are electrify restoration circuits of clock controller IC4; Diode D1, D2, battery BT1 are the memory powers of data-carrier store IC3; CN4 is the connector socket that mainboard connects display, and CN3 is the connector socket that mainboard connects keyboard.
3. the marine tide-meter of laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described main power board partly comprises that main power board power supply input wires socket PCN1 and power switch KK are connected to the bridge circuit PD1 of main power board, the input of the output termination switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 of bridge circuit PD1, and by main power board output connection socket PCN3, connect radio communication apparatus, simultaneously by a pin power supply laser sensor of main power board output connection socket PCN2; The positive 5V voltage of switching mode three terminal regulator IC20 stable output is for the work of whole instrument; Voltage comparator ic 21 is outside storage battery input voltage detection circuits, and its input pin is connected to the output terminal of bridge circuit PD1 by resistance R 21, and its output is connected to the master controller IC1 of mainboard by 2 pin of main power board output connection socket PCN2; The 5V voltage stabilizing of main power board is connected to the connector socket PN1 of mainboard by connector socket PCN2.
4. according to a tidal observation method for the marine tide-meter of the laser described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that the concrete implementation step of this tidal observation method comprises:
(1) the instrument beginning that switches on power, first by master controller self-initialize, then corresponding clock controller, display, data-carrier store are carried out to initialization, and read the current time information of clock controller, write display and show that current time carries out data compression data writing storer simultaneously; Start watchdog circuit manage control master controller owing to being disturbed the program fleet that may cause deadlock problem; Start the interruptive port of clock controller and keyboard simultaneously, wait for corresponding look-at-me;
(2) clock controller each second to master controller application, once interrupt, master controller obtain clock controller in have no progeny and read the time data of clock controller, and judge whether it is to carry out tidal level detection time, within 5 minutes, carry out a tidal level and detect; If do not need tidal level to detect master controller, do not rewrite display temporal information, show in real time current time, return to circular wait; If need to carry out tidal level, start laser sensor detection time and carry out tidal level detection, often carry out a tidal level and detect and need to adopt continuous 15 startup laser sensors carry out 15 tidal level data acquisitions;
(3) 15 tidal level being detected to data carries out data calculating and processes in order to obtain the current data of tidal level accurately; The signal that current temporal information and tidal level data and main power board are detected storage battery output electric weight behaviour in service is together sent to Surveillance center by radio communication apparatus, current time information and tidal level data are carried out to compression storing data in data-carrier store simultaneously, rewrite display and show current time and tidal level, and return to circular wait;
(4) keyboard interrupt entrance is that operating personnel carry out current set of time, or while needing operating personnel with computing machine by the tidal level data in past 50 days of storing in data output downloading data storer, and carry out emptying of data-carrier store data need to be emptied time, during keyboard operation, the real-time display operation content of display, returns to circular wait after completing.
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| CN104197903B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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Inventor after: Yang Xicheng Inventor after: Wang Lianhe Inventor after: Bai Tingying Inventor after: Liu Lei Inventor after: Xiao Hongfei Inventor after: Qu Meng Inventor after: Bian Zhigang Inventor before: Yang Xicheng Inventor before: Wang Lianhe Inventor before: Bai Tingying Inventor before: Liu Lei Inventor before: Xiao Hongfei Inventor before: Qu Meng Inventor before: Bian Zhigang |
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