CN104193101A - Biochemical treatment process of nitrocotton acidic wastewater - Google Patents
Biochemical treatment process of nitrocotton acidic wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104193101A CN104193101A CN201410457766.2A CN201410457766A CN104193101A CN 104193101 A CN104193101 A CN 104193101A CN 201410457766 A CN201410457766 A CN 201410457766A CN 104193101 A CN104193101 A CN 104193101A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular relates to a biochemical treatment process of nitrocotton acidic wastewater, and is used for solving the technical problems of low biochemical efficiency, high cost and low discharge standard of a treatment method at present. According to the technical scheme, the biochemical treatment process comprises the following steps: feeding the nitrocotton acidic wastewater into an adjusting tank, neutralizing in a neutralizing tank, settling in a settling tank, adding neutral wastewater, enabling the wastewater to flow to an adsorption tank, discharging the wastewater to a setting tank I together with active sludge water in the adsorption tank, enabling supernatant in the settling tank I to flow into an aerobic tank 1# for treatment, enabling the supernatant to flow into a settling tank II for settling together with active sludge water in the aerobic tank 1#, enabling supernatant in the settling tank II to flow into an aerobic tank 2# for treatment, settling in a settling tank III, and discharging. According to the biochemical treatment process, the overall biochemical treatment effect is remarkably improved and the operating cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of waste water treatment, be specifically related to the biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater.
Technical background
The technical process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater biochemical treatment is at present: the heavy pond → discharge of heavy pond → anaerobic pond → 1# Aerobic Pond → second pond → 2# Aerobic Pond → coagulation reaction tank → tri-of waste water → equalizing tank → neutralization reaction pond → settling tank → adsorption tank → mono-.The waste water of sulfur acid, nitric acid is after lime slurry neutralization, and the calcium sulfate concentration containing in water is high, can cause biochemical system mud calcification speed fast, and anaerobic sludge calcification was lost efficacy substantially.In order to alleviate calcification problem, increased adsorption treatment unit, with coagulative precipitation tank mud (organic pollutant that contains polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC), polyacrylamide (PAM) and be adsorbed) absorption calcium sulfate, calcification phenomenon alleviates, but Integral biochemical efficiency is low, need to rely on and add more PAC and PAM, processing cost is higher, lower (emission standard is the compliance rate of emission standard: COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) <50mg/L, SS (suspended substance) <100mg/L, ammonia nitrogen <12mg/L).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that current treatment process biochemical efficiency is low, cost is high, emission compliance rate is low.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is to provide a kind of biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater, comprises the following steps:
A, nitro-cotton acid wastewater are introduced into equalizing tank, and then to neutralization tank, being neutralized to pH value is 3.2～4.2, to settling tank, precipitate 6～8 hours;
Together with the middle wastewater of supernatant liquor and interpolation after b, precipitation, flow to adsorption tank, and stop 6～7 hours at adsorption tank, then be discharged to a heavy pond with together with active sludge water in adsorption tank;
Supernatant liquor in c, a heavy pond flows into 1
#aerobic Pond is processed 8～10 hours, then with 1
#the active sludge water of Aerobic Pond flows into second pond precipitation 3～3.5 hours together;
Supernatant liquor in d, second pond flows into 2
#aerobic Pond is processed latter 8～10 hours, then enters three heavy ponds precipitations 3～3.5 hours, supernatant liquor qualified discharge.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the average acidity of nitro-cotton acid wastewater is 3～7g/L described in step a.Wherein, the mass ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 2 ︰ 1.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the equalizing tank described in step a is the storage pool for balanced nitro-cotton acid wastewater water quality, the water yield.Described nitro-cotton acid wastewater is 6～8 hours in the residence time of equalizing tank.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the neutralization tank described in step a is to adopt lime to neutralize.Wherein, in, need use white lime 2～4.4kg with 1 ton of nitro-cotton acid wastewater.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, wastewater in the interpolation described in step b, the calcium ion concn that make to enter in adsorption tank is 0.4～0.6g/L.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the middle wastewater part described in step b is the middle wastewater discharging in nitro-cotton production process, and another part is near the COD middle wastewater not up to standard of other production lines discharges.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the pH value that flow to waste water in adsorption tank described in step b is 4.5～5.5.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, in the adsorption tank described in step b, active sludge is housed.Described active sludge is the excess sludge that biochemical processing procedure of sewage produces; The composition of described active sludge is mainly bacterium and organism.
As preferred version of the present invention, the active sludge described in step b circulates between a heavy pond and adsorption tank, and the COD clearance that makes adsorption tank is 45～60%.
As preferred version of the present invention, when COD clearance is lower than 30% time, the active sludge of adsorption tank need be discharged in batches, introduce 1
#the active sludge of Aerobic Pond, keeping sludge settling ratio is 10～20%.Described sludge settling ratio is to get active sludge intermixture 100mL, staticly settles after 30 minutes the ratio of precipitating sludge and the volume of got mixed solution.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#aerobic Pond adopts activated sludge process.In described activated sludge process, in biological wastewater treatment, microbial suspension is in water, and the microbial population of suspension is the flower-shaped state of mud.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.8～7.5, and dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.7～4mg/L.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#in Aerobic Pond, needing to add chicken manure, to make sludge settling ratio be 5～12%.Wherein, the phosphorous quality percentage composition of described chicken manure is 2～3%.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 2 described in steps d
#aerobic Pond adopts biological contact oxidation process.Described biological contact oxidation process is: in biological contact oxidation pond, load the filler of some amount, utilizing dwells is attached to microbial film on filler and the oxygen of ample supply, by biological oxidation, the oxidation operation in waste water is decomposed, and reaches purification object.Advantage is that purification efficiency is high, processes required time short, stronger to the change adaptability of water inlet organic loading, needn't carry out sludge reflux, there is no sludge bulking problem simultaneously, and operational management is convenient.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, described in steps d 2
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.9～7.5, and dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.7～2mg/L.
As preferred version of the present invention, the sludge reflux to 1 of second pond precipitation
#aerobic Pond, excess sludge is all introduced adsorption tank.
Biochemical processing process provided by the invention, has significantly improved Integral biochemical treatment effect, and in the situation that having cancelled coagulating treatment unit and anaerobic pond, discharge water outlet can reach 100% stably reaching standard, has significantly reduced running cost.Waste Water Treatment provided by the invention has stronger impact resistance, can adapt to the processing that COD is less than the nitro-cotton acid wastewater of 1500mg/L, and the generation of chemical sludge is zero, has eliminated a series of problem of environmental pollutions that bring thus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schema of the biochemical processing process of Fig. 1 nitro-cotton acid wastewater provided by the invention.
Embodiment
The biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater, comprises the following steps:
A, nitro-cotton acid wastewater are introduced into equalizing tank, and then to neutralization tank, being neutralized to pH value is 3.2～4.2, to settling tank, precipitate 6～8 hours;
Together with the middle wastewater of supernatant liquor and interpolation after b, precipitation, flow to adsorption tank, and stop 6～7 hours at adsorption tank, then be discharged to a heavy pond with together with active sludge water in adsorption tank;
Supernatant liquor in c, a heavy pond flows into 1
#aerobic Pond is processed 8～10 hours, then with 1
#the active sludge water of Aerobic Pond flows into second pond precipitation 3～3.5 hours together;
Supernatant liquor in d, second pond flows into 2
#aerobic Pond is processed latter 8～10 hours, then enters three heavy ponds precipitations 3～3.5 hours, supernatant liquor qualified discharge.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the average acidity of nitro-cotton acid wastewater is 3～7g/L described in step a.Wherein, the mass ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 2 ︰ 1.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the equalizing tank described in step a is the storage pool for balanced nitro-cotton acid wastewater water quality, the water yield.Described nitro-cotton acid wastewater is 6～8 hours in the residence time of equalizing tank.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the neutralization tank described in step a is to adopt lime to neutralize.Wherein, in, need use white lime 2～4.4kg with 1 ton of nitro-cotton acid wastewater.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, wastewater in the interpolation described in step b, the calcium ion concn that make to enter in adsorption tank is 0.4～0.6g/L.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the middle wastewater part described in step b is the middle wastewater discharging in nitro-cotton production process, and another part is near the COD middle wastewater not up to standard of other production lines discharges.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, the pH value that flow to waste water in adsorption tank described in step b is 4.5～5.5.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, in the adsorption tank described in step b, active sludge is housed.Described active sludge is the excess sludge that biochemical processing procedure of sewage produces; The composition of described active sludge is mainly bacterium and organism.
As preferred version of the present invention, the active sludge described in step b circulates between a heavy pond and adsorption tank, and the COD clearance that makes adsorption tank is 45～60%.
As preferred version of the present invention, when COD clearance is lower than 30% time, the active sludge of adsorption tank need be discharged in batches, introduce 1
#the active sludge of Aerobic Pond, keeping sludge settling ratio is 10～20%.Described sludge settling ratio is to get active sludge intermixture 100mL, staticly settles after 30 minutes the ratio of precipitating sludge and the volume of got mixed solution.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#aerobic Pond adopts activated sludge process.In described activated sludge process, in biological wastewater treatment, microbial suspension is in water, and the microbial population of suspension is the flower-shaped state of mud.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.8～7.5, and dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.7～4mg/L.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 1 described in step c
#in Aerobic Pond, needing to add chicken manure, to make sludge settling ratio be 5～12%.Wherein, the phosphorous quality percentage composition of described chicken manure is 2～3%.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, 2 described in steps d
#aerobic Pond adopts biological contact oxidation process.Described biological contact oxidation process is: in biological contact oxidation pond, load the filler of some amount, utilizing dwells is attached to microbial film on filler and the oxygen of ample supply, by biological oxidation, the oxidation operation in waste water is decomposed, and reaches purification object.Advantage is that purification efficiency is high, processes required time short, stronger to the change adaptability of water inlet organic loading, needn't carry out sludge reflux, there is no sludge bulking problem simultaneously, and operational management is convenient.
Wherein, in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, described in steps d 2
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.9～7.5, and dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.7～2mg/L.
As preferred version of the present invention, the sludge reflux to 1 of second pond precipitation
#aerobic Pond, excess sludge is all introduced adsorption tank.
Waste water can produce serious calcification scale problems after neutralization, the present invention creatively adopts and before entering adsorption tank, introduces the mode that neutral water dilutes, having reduced the concentration of calcium ion and sulfate ion, is the important and effective measures that reduce adsorption tank, the calcification of Aerobic Pond mud.Simultaneously, adsorption tank introduce active sludge rather than before chemical sludge, the one, can be calcium ion and sulfate radical and form crystal a large amount of crystalizing interfaces is provided, make the easier crystallization of calcium sulfate, by sludge absorption effect, discharge system, thereby reduce calcium ion and sulfate concentration, prevent the calcification of Aerobic Pond active sludge; The 2nd, active sludge is different from chemical sludge, active sludge has biological activity, pollutent is degraded under the effect of microorganism, COD clearance reaches 45～60%, can make follow-up aerobic treatment improved efficiency simultaneously, Integral biochemical processing efficiency promotes greatly, so coagulation unit flocculation agent can reduce completely.Enter after adsorption tank, the nitrate in nitro-cotton acid wastewater is under the effect of denitrifying bacteria, and pH value can raise, therefore, the pH value that enters adsorption tank waste water is reduced to 4.5～5.5 from 6～8, also by and the pH value of water outlet be reduced to 3.2～4.2 from 6～8, thereby reduced lime consumption.
In the prior art, aerobic system excess sludge is the direct discharge system of meeting generally, and the present invention creatively all returns to excess sludge adsorption tank, to supplement because of calcification, loses efficacy and discharges the mud of adsorption tank.In order to obtain enough supplementary mud, according to 1
#the sludge concentration situation of Aerobic Pond, sludge quantity adds chicken manure when few, accelerate microbial growth, and the excess sludge of generation adds to adsorption tank, and system activity mud reaches running balance.
In treatment process provided by the invention, enter the sludge settling ratio of waste water ph, adsorption tank and Aerobic Pond of adsorption tank, the circulation of the dissolved oxygen of Aerobic Pond, mud etc. are different from the processing condition of general biochemical treatment, that investigator pays the unthinkable long-term hardships work of the general population, experience is failure many times, doing again from the beginning even many times, constantly adjustment technology design under study for action, exploration experimental technique, just may work out effective result of standing checking, be to sum up by actual motion the practical processing condition that get.
The running condition of the biochemical processing process of embodiment 1 nitro-cotton acid wastewater provided by the invention in one month:
The nitro-cotton acid wastewater that enters treatment station is introduced into equalizing tank, and Analysis for CO D average is 454mg/L, and acidity average is 4.7g/L, and the average daily water yield is 3420m
3, after lime slurry neutralization is processed (pH3.2～4.2), enter settling tank, introduce neutral water simultaneously, measure settling tank COD average 421mg/L, (in lime, can contain a small amount of calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate participates in neutralization and produces CO in pH4.6～5.4
2, CO
2from water, release can make pH raise gradually; Introducing neutral water also makes pH raise).With pump, by water, send adsorption tank again, measure adsorption tank pH6.8～7.3 (adsorption tank pH under the effect of biochemical sludge raises), settling ratio is 14%～18%, and water outlet COD average is 184mg/L.Active sludge is discharged to together with water to a heavy pond, the active sludge of precipitation turns back to adsorption tank, (during a heavy pond every 1 day spoil disposal once, settling tank has according to the effect of mud gravity grading, heavy sludge settling is at the leading portion bucket of settling tank, during spoil disposal, only arrange the mud of leading portion bucket, each spoil disposal 24 minutes, about 20m
3, mud discharging, to sludge thickener, carries out press filtration processing after concentrating), supernatant liquor flows automatically to 1
#aerobic Pond (activated sludge process) carries out aerobic treatment.Measure 1
#aerobic Pond pH7.1～7.5, DO is 0.9～2.1mg/L, settling ratio 6%～10%, water outlet COD average 47mg/L, (during 1
#aerobic Pond adds chicken manure 50kg), active sludge enters second pond precipitation together with water, and the active sludge of precipitation turns back to 1
#aerobic Pond front end (during second pond excess sludge every 1 day to adsorption tank spoil disposal once, carry out each spoil disposal 1.5h, about 30m with adsorption tank spoil disposal simultaneously
3), supernatant liquor enters into 2
#aerobic Pond (contact oxidation method) is processed, and 2
#aerobic Pond DO is 0.7～1.9mg/L, and water outlet COD average is 35mg/L, then discharges after flowing to three settling tank precipitations, and draining pH value is 7.1～7.5, COD average 34mg/L, ammonia nitrogen average 2.6mg/L.
Embodiment 2 processing cost comparisons
Per diem process 4500 tons of calculating of waste water:
The biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater provided by the invention has reduced PAC, 0.65 yuan/ton of waste water for PAM medicament expense.Reduce medicament configuration simultaneously, added water electricity cost and facility maintenance maintenance expense, reduced labor cost.Also reduced due to the chemical sludge that adds PAC, the generation of PAM medicament, reduced by 0.1 yuan/ton of waste water of this part sludge treatment cost.The method that the disposal of chemical sludge has not had at present, expense also cannot be estimated.
The biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater provided by the invention is separated the middle wastewater of production line from total waste water, and sour water treatment capacity reduces, and has relatively increased the reaction times of lime and sour water, and the reaction of lime is more abundant, has reduced lime consumption; Because the biochemical of adsorption tank mud gets a promotion, be conducive to the bio-transformation of nitrogen in waste water, adsorption tank PH can obviously improve, therefore will in and water outlet PH by former technology controlling and process scope 6～8, adjust to 3.2～4.2, reduced lime consumption.Measuring and calculating reduces by 0.13 yuan/ton of waste water of white lime cost.
The expense that the biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater provided by the invention increases: increased the sludge reflux of Aerobic Pond to adsorption tank, measuring and calculating increases by 0.01 yuan/ton of waste water of pumping electric cost.
More than add up to and reduce altogether running cost: 0.87 yuan/ton of waste water.According to year processing 1,500,000 tons of calculating of waste water, 130.5 ten thousand yuan of year minimizing working costs.
Biochemical processing process provided by the invention, has significantly improved Integral biochemical treatment effect, and in the situation that having cancelled coagulating treatment unit and anaerobic pond, discharge water outlet can reach 100% stably reaching standard, has significantly reduced running cost.
Claims (9)
1. the biochemical processing process of nitro-cotton acid wastewater, comprises the following steps:
A, nitro-cotton acid wastewater are introduced into equalizing tank, and then to neutralization tank, being neutralized to pH value is 3.2～4.2, to settling tank, precipitate 6～8 hours;
Together with the middle wastewater of supernatant liquor and interpolation after b, precipitation, flow to adsorption tank, and stop 6～7 hours at adsorption tank, then be discharged to a heavy pond with together with active sludge water in adsorption tank;
Supernatant liquor in c, a heavy pond flows into 1
#aerobic Pond is processed 8～10 hours, then with 1
#the active sludge water of Aerobic Pond flows into second pond precipitation 3～3.5 hours together;
Supernatant liquor in d, second pond flows into 2
#aerobic Pond is processed latter 8～10 hours, then enters three heavy ponds precipitations 3～3.5 hours, supernatant liquor qualified discharge.
2. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step a, nitro-cotton acid wastewater is 6～8 hours in the residence time of equalizing tank.
3. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wastewater in the interpolation described in step b, the calcium ion concn that make to enter in adsorption tank is 0.4～0.6g/L.
4. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pH value that flow to waste water in adsorption tank described in step b is 4.5～5.5.
5. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the adsorption tank described in step b, active sludge is housed.
6. biochemical processing process according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the active sludge described in step b circulates between a heavy pond and adsorption tank, and the COD clearance that makes adsorption tank is 45～60%.
7. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 1 described in step c
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.8～7.5, and dissolved oxygen is 0.7～4mg/L.
8. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 1 described in step c
#in Aerobic Pond, needing to add chicken manure, to make sludge settling ratio be 5～12%.
9. biochemical processing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wherein, and in the biochemical processing process of above-mentioned nitro-cotton acid wastewater, described in steps d 2
#the pH value of Aerobic Pond is 6.9～7.5, and dissolved oxygen is 0.7～2mg/L.
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Application publication date: 20141210 |