Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle, not only can be to the thorough desiliconization of silicon-containing material, and the purity of the silicon-dioxide of desiliconization generation is high, the halogen-containing materials simultaneously generating reacts the halogenide of this metal of preparation again with new mineral, participate in circulation, improved halid utilization ratio.
The present invention is achieved in that the method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) metal oxide in siliceous mineral and halogen-containing substance reaction are made completely to the halogenide of this metal;
(2) the described metal halide obtaining and siliceous mineral are at high temperature reacted to the mineral after silicon halide gas and the desiliconization that obtains high temperature state;
(3) the high temperature state silicon halide collection and confinement of gases of generation hydrolysis are generated to silicon-dioxide and halogen-containing material completely;
(4) by the described halogen-containing material obtaining through processing treatment again with step (1) in siliceous mineral in reactive metal oxide generate the halogenide of this metal, participate in desiliconization circulating reaction.
Provided by the invention in the method for the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle, mineral and halogen-containing substance reaction are made to the halogenide of this metal, concrete reaction formula is: M
2o
3+ 6HX → 2MX
3+ 3H
2o, formula (1); The metal halide obtaining at high temperature reacts and generates silicon halide gas with siliceous mineral, and obtains the mineral after desiliconization, and the high temperature silicon halide gas hydrolysis of generation is generated to silicon-dioxide and halogen-containing material completely, and concrete reaction formula is: 2MX
3+ M
2o
3.mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ 3H
2o → 2M
2o
3+ (m+n) SiO
2+ 6HX, formula (2); The halogen-containing material obtaining is reacted again to the halogenide participation desiliconization circulating reaction that generates this metal with the mineral that obtain in step (1).In operation, the halogen-containing material that hydrolysis is obtained directly imports in hydrolysis reactor and reacts with the mineral after desiliconization in reactor the halogenide that again obtains this metal after chemical treatment, participates in desiliconization circulating reaction.
Method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle provided by the invention, because silicon-dioxide is by the silicon halide gas hydrolysis of collecting is generated, the silicon-dioxide purity obtaining is high, quality better, and this technique is thorough to siliceous mineral desiliconization, in whole technique, halogenide has been carried out recycle, substantially do not consume, and whole cyclic process is simple, there is no by product and loss, cost is low, has a extensive future.
Preferably, described mineral are: siliceous mineral or the mineral containing other impurity; Described halogen-containing material comprises: halogen simple substance, halogenide, contains halid material or can produce halid material.
Preferably, described siliceous mineral comprises: siliceous metal oxide or nonmetal oxide;
Wherein the mixture that has mixture, silicon-dioxide and other material that form comprises silicon-dioxide, contains silicon-dioxide of silicon, can transform containing the mineral of free state or chemical combination state silicon-dioxide and waste material or other material that forms silicon-dioxide.
Preferably, described siliceous mineral is siliceous metal oxide; Wherein, siliceous metal oxide comprises: one or more in the mineral that contain free state or chemical combination state silicon-dioxide, solid state chemistry product, mineral, waste material, natural resources;
Preferably, solid state chemistry product are silica gel, quartz sand etc.; Mineral are bauxitic clay, coal gangue, iron ore, zircon sand class; Waste material is construction waste, cement waste material etc.; Natural resources comprises silicon mine and non-mineral.
Most preferred, described siliceous mineral is the mineral of the silicon-dioxide that contains free state or chemical combination state.
And, adopt circulation means of the present invention, the metal chloride prepared under the first step specified temp, at once for second step desiliconization, at high temperature not only can thoroughly remove free silicon-dioxide, and wherein in silica composite, silicon-dioxide is also can desiliconization thorough.
So preferably, in step (1), the temperature of described mineral and described halogen-containing substance reaction is 200-600 DEG C, the reaction times is 2-16 hour; Preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 300-400 DEG C, and the reaction times is 9 hours.
Preferably, in step (2), described metal halide add-on is for making in siliceous mineral the stoichiometric 1-1.5 of silicon complete reaction doubly.
Preferably, in step (2), the temperature of reacting under described high temperature is 600-1500 DEG C; More preferably, under described high temperature, temperature of reaction is 800-1300 DEG C; Most preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 900-1000 DEG C.
In order to make hydrolysis reach best effect, preferably, in step (3), the temperature of described hydrolysis is 800-1300 DEG C.
Adopt the method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle provided by the invention, at high temperature silicon-dioxide is directly taken out of rear cooling-sedimentation by reactant gases from solid, can obtain the silicon-dioxide of purity up to 98%-99%, the silicone content in the mineral after desiliconization is lower than 1%.Therefore, it is thorough that the inventive method has desiliconization, and the silicon-dioxide purity making is high, the halogenide feature completely that can be recycled.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
To the method for the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) mineral and halogen-containing substance reaction are made completely to the halogenide of this metal.
Concrete reaction formula is: M
2o
3+ 6HX → 2MX
3+ 3H
2o, formula (1);
Mineral wherein can be siliceous mineral or all can containing the mineral of other impurity.Halogen-containing material comprises: halogen simple substance, halogenide, contains halid material or can produce halid material.
And, adopt circulation means of the present invention, the metal chloride prepared under the first step specified temp, at once for second step desiliconization, at high temperature not only can thoroughly remove free silicon-dioxide, and wherein in silica composite, silicon-dioxide is also can desiliconization thorough.
Preferably, the temperature of described mineral and described halogen-containing substance reaction is 200-600 DEG C, and the reaction times is 2-16 hour.More preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 300-400 DEG C, and the reaction times is 9 hours.
(2) the described metal halide obtaining and siliceous mineral are reacted completely and generate silicon halide gas in reactor, and obtain the mineral after desiliconization;
Wherein, described siliceous mineral comprises: siliceous metal oxide or nonmetal oxide;
Wherein the mixture that has mixture, silicon-dioxide and other material that form comprises silicon-dioxide, contains silicon-dioxide of silicon, can transform containing the mineral of free state or chemical combination state silicon-dioxide and waste material or other material that forms silicon-dioxide.
Preferably, described siliceous mineral is siliceous metal oxide; Wherein, siliceous metal oxide comprises: one or more in the mineral that contain free state or chemical combination state silicon-dioxide, solid state chemistry product, mineral, waste material, natural resources;
Preferably, solid state chemistry product are silica gel, quartz sand etc.; Mineral are bauxitic clay, coal gangue, iron ore, zircon sand class; Waste material is construction waste, cement waste material etc.; Natural resources comprises silicon mine and non-mineral.
Most preferred, described siliceous mineral is the mineral of the silicon-dioxide that contains free state or chemical combination state.
Wherein, described metal halide add-on is for making in siliceous mineral the stoichiometric 1-1.5 of silicon complete reaction doubly.
Preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 600-1500 DEG C; More preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 800-1300 DEG C; Most preferably, the temperature of described reaction is 900-1000 DEG C.
(3) the silicon halide gas hydrolysis of generation is generated to silicon-dioxide and halogen-containing material completely;
After step (2) and step (3) merge, concrete reaction formula is: 2MX
3+ M
2o
3.mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ 3H
2o → 2M
2o
3+ (m+n) SiO
2+ 6HX, formula (2);
In order to make hydrolysis reach best effect, preferably, the temperature of described hydrolysis is 800-1300 DEG C.
(4) the described halogen-containing material obtaining is reacted to the halogenide that generates this metal with the mineral in step (1) again, participate in desiliconization circulating reaction.
In operation, the halogen-containing material that hydrolysis is obtained directly imports in hydrolysis reactor and reacts with the mineral after desiliconization in reactor the halogenide that again obtains this metal after chemical treatment, participates in desiliconization circulating reaction.
Above-mentioned circulation step is order in no particular order, can carry out with random order, also can carry out simultaneously.
Above-mentioned reactions steps can separately be carried out in differential responses device, also can be incorporated in respectively in some or several devices and carry out.
Adopt the method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle provided by the invention, at high temperature silicon-dioxide is directly taken out of rear cooling-sedimentation by reactant gases from solid, can obtain the silicon-dioxide of purity up to 98%-99%.Therefore, it is thorough that the inventive method has desiliconization, and the silicon-dioxide purity making is high, the halogenide feature completely that can be recycled.
Introduce in detail the method to the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle provided by the invention below by several embodiment particularly.
Embodiment 1:
102.0 kilograms, aluminum oxide and hydrogen fluoride gas 600 DEG C of high temperature in the first reactor are reacted and within 15 hours, make 84.0 kilograms of aluminum fluoride solids, after 84.0 kilograms of the aluminum fluoride solids of preparation are directly mixed with 450.0 kilograms, siliceous 10% aluminum oxide, in the second reactor, be heated to 1000 DEG C of reactions, the silicon tetrafluoride gas that reaction generates is overflowed from solid, collects and obtains 507.0 kilograms of desiliconization aluminum oxide---Si%<0.5% simultaneously.The silicon tetrafluoride of overflowing is hydrolyzed into 60.0 kilograms of silicon-dioxide---purity >98%, hydrogen fluoride gas in the 3rd reactor at 800 DEG C of temperature.The hydrogen fluoride gas that hydrolysis is produced directly imports in the first reactor and reacts 15 hours at 600 DEG C with 102.0 kilograms, aluminum oxide, again obtains 84.0 kilograms of aluminum fluorides, and aluminum fluoride participates in preparation circulation.
The equation of above-mentioned reaction is as follows:
Al
2o
3+ 6HF (gas)---------2Al F
3+ 3H2O, (formula 1);
2AlF
3+ Al
2o
3mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ 3H
2o---------2Al
2o
3+ (m+n) SiO
2+ 6H F, formula (2).
Embodiment 2:
The siliceous mineral of salic 100 kilograms and hydrogen fluoride gas 500 DEG C of high temperature in the first reactor are reacted and within 12 hours, make 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluoride solids, after the aluminum fluoride solid of preparation is directly mixed with silicon-containing alumina, in the second reactor, be heated to 900 DEG C of reactions, the silicon tetrafluoride gas that reaction generates is overflowed from solid, collects and obtains 95 kilograms of desiliconization aluminum oxide---Si%<1% simultaneously.The silicon tetrafluoride of overflowing is hydrolyzed into silicon-dioxide in the 3rd reactor at 900 DEG C of temperature---purity >98%, hydrogen fluoride gas.The hydrogen fluoride gas that hydrolysis is produced directly imports in reactor and reacts 12 hours at 500 DEG C with 100 kilograms, aluminum oxide, again obtains 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluorides, and aluminum fluoride participates in preparation circulation.
The equation of above-mentioned reaction is as follows:
Al
2o
3xSiO
2+ 6HF (gas)--------2Al F
3+ xSiO
2+ 3H2O, (formula 1);
2Al F
3+ Al
2o
3mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ xSiO
2+ 3H
2o---------2Al
2o
3+ (m+n+x) SiO
2+ 6H F, formula (2).
Embodiment 3:
The flyash of salic 100 kilograms and hydrogen fluoride gas 400 DEG C of high temperature in the first reactor are reacted and within 9 hours, make 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluoride solids, after the aluminum fluoride solid of preparation is directly mixed with flyash, in the second reactor, be heated to 1000 DEG C of reactions, the silicon tetrafluoride gas that reaction generates is overflowed from solid, collects and obtains 95 kilograms of desiliconization aluminum oxide---Si%<0.3% simultaneously.The silicon tetrafluoride of overflowing is hydrolyzed into silicon-dioxide in the 3rd reactor at 1000 DEG C of temperature---purity >99%, hydrogen fluoride gas.The hydrogen fluoride gas that hydrolysis is produced directly imports in reactor and reacts 9 hours at 400 DEG C with 100 kilograms, aluminum oxide, again obtains 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluorides, and aluminum fluoride participates in preparation circulation.
The equation of above-mentioned reaction is as follows:
Flyash+6HF (gas)---------2Al F
3+ xSiO
2+ 3H2O, (formula 1);
2Al F
3+ Al
2o
3mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ xSiO
2+ 3H
2o---------2Al
2o
3+ (m+n+x) SiO
2+ 6H F, formula (2).
Embodiment 4:
The iron ore of salic 100 kilograms and hydrogen fluoride gas 400 DEG C of high temperature in the first reactor are reacted and within 9 hours, make 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluoride solids, after the aluminum fluoride solid of preparation is directly mixed with silicon-containing alumina, in the second reactor, be heated to 1000 DEG C of reactions, the silicon tetrafluoride gas that reaction generates is overflowed from solid, collects and obtains 95 kilograms of desiliconization aluminum oxide---Si%<0.9% simultaneously.The silicon tetrafluoride of effusion is continued at 800 DEG C of temperature, to be hydrolyzed into silicon-dioxide in second answers device---purity >98%, hydrogen fluoride gas.The hydrogen fluoride gas that hydrolysis produces directly reacts 9 hours at 400 DEG C with 100 kilograms, the desiliconization aluminum oxide producing in the second reactor, again obtains 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluorides, and aluminum fluoride participates in preparation circulation.
The equation of above-mentioned reaction is as follows:
Al
2o
3xSiO
2+ 6HF (gas)--------2Al F
3+ xSiO
2+ 3H2O, (formula 1);
2Al F
3+ Al
2o
3mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ xSiO
2+ 3H
2o---------2Al
2o
3+ (m+n+x) SiO
2+ 6H F, formula (2).
Embodiment 5:
The zircon sand of salic 100 kilograms and hydrogen fluoride gas 600 DEG C of high temperature in the first reactor are reacted and within 15 hours, make 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluoride solids, after the aluminum fluoride solid of preparation is directly mixed with silicon-containing alumina, in the first reactor, continue to be heated to 1000 DEG C of reactions, the silicon tetrafluoride gas that reaction generates is overflowed from solid, collects and obtains 95 kilograms of desiliconization aluminum oxide---Si%<0.6% simultaneously.The silicon tetrafluoride of effusion is continued at 800 DEG C of temperature, to be hydrolyzed into silicon-dioxide in first answers device---purity >98%, hydrogen fluoride gas.The hydrogen fluoride gas that hydrolysis produces directly reacts 15 hours at 600 DEG C with 100 kilograms, the desiliconization aluminum oxide producing in the first reactor, again obtains 100.5 kilograms of aluminum fluorides, and aluminum fluoride participates in preparation circulation.
The equation of above-mentioned reaction is as follows:
Al
2o
3xSiO
2+ 6HF (gas)-------2Al F
3+ xSiO
2+ 3H2O, (formula 1);
2Al F
3+ Al
2o
3mSiO
2+ nSiO
2+ xSiO
2+ 3H
2o---------2Al
2o
3+ (m+n+x) SiO
2+ 6H F, formula (2).
Can be found out by above-mentioned 5 embodiment, by provided by the invention, the method for the desiliconization of siliceous mineral gas phase the halogen-containing material of recycle is compared with physics desiliconization method and Bayer process, its effect is remarkable: raw material wherein can be recycled, save cost, technique is simple to operation, no coupling product, on environment without impact.The purity of the silicon oxide particularly obtaining and productive rate are all higher.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.