CN104185118A - All-directional pickup device - Google Patents
All-directional pickup device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104185118A CN104185118A CN201410452428.XA CN201410452428A CN104185118A CN 104185118 A CN104185118 A CN 104185118A CN 201410452428 A CN201410452428 A CN 201410452428A CN 104185118 A CN104185118 A CN 104185118A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an all-directional pickup device which is used for carrying out pickup for an earphone listening mode. The all-directional pickup device comprises a supporting body and two microphones connected with the supporting body. The two microphones are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the supporting body. The supporting body is filled with media capable of flowing, wherein the media capable of flowing are liquid or solid. The all-directional pickup device can pick up integrated sound field information through the arrangement of the supporting body and the microphones, amplification of time difference, volume difference and tone difference of stereophonic location information can be achieved, in this way, reproduced sound field effects in an earphone listening process are more real, locating is more accurate, more integrated sound field information can be restored, and the earphone listening effect can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to sound pickup technology field, relates in particular to a kind of omnidirectional sound pick up equipment.
Background technology
At present, the mode that people listen to music has been transitioned into the earphone epoch through the bookshelf-type loud speaker epoch from large-sized loud speaker epoch gradually.The effect that adopts earphone and loud speaker to listen to music is different, yet the structure of current most sound pick up equipments does not arrange and carries out pickup for earphone listening mode.
For example, fairly simple sound pick up equipment is only a microphone, stereophonic effect relies on sound console professional video equipment to machine completely, the method that realizes Sound image localization is only also to adjust the volume poor realization of sound between the loud speaker of left and right, have again, present ORTF (microphone system of French Radio & Television Bureau design), artificial first-class sound pick up equipment, although can carry out on-site tridimensional sound pickup, but these sound pick up equipments all cannot reduce whole sound field information of reproducing while causing people to listen to earphone the sound picking up due to himself structure, and then people also just cannot hear the music of high tone quality omnirange sense.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of omnidirectional sound pick up equipment, and the mode that can listen to for earphone is carried out pickup, thereby can when listening to earphone, reduce more complete sound field information, improves earphone audibility.Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of omnidirectional sound pick up equipment, described omnidirectional sound pick up equipment is for carrying out pickup for earphone listening mode, described omnidirectional sound pick up equipment comprises a supporter and two microphones that are connected with described supporter, the both sides that are arranged on described supporter of described two microphone symmetries, in described supporter, be full of flowable media, described flowable media is liquid or solid.
Preferably, described supporter is spherical.
Preferably, described supporter is cylindrical, and described microphone is positioned on the surfaces of revolution of described supporter.
Preferably, the sheathing material of described supporter is rubber.
Preferably, the described flowable media being full of in described supporter is one of following:
Water, salt, sand.
Preferably, the spacing between described two microphones is 25～30cm.
Preferably, the quality of described supporter is 4～10kg.
Preferably, described microphone is that directive property is heart-shaped microphone.
Preferably, described two microphones are arranged on the both sides of described supporter in parallel to each other.
The embodiment of the present invention at least has following beneficial effect:
This omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment can pick up complete sound field information by arranging of above-mentioned supporter and microphone, and can realize the time difference in stereo locating information, poor and the poor amplification of tone color of volume, thereby can be truer so that listen to the sound field effect of middle reproduction at earphone, locate more accurate, can reduce more complete sound field information, improve earphone audibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, the accompanying drawing the following describes is only some embodiment that record in asking in this, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.The following drawings is not deliberately drawn by actual size equal proportion convergent-divergent, focuses on illustrating the application's purport.
Fig. 1 a is the front elevational schematic of a kind of omnidirectional of embodiment of the present invention sound pick up equipment;
Fig. 1 b is the schematic top plan view of the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment shown in Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 c is the schematic side view of the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment shown in Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 2 a is the perspective view of the another kind of omnidirectional of embodiment of the present invention sound pick up equipment;
Fig. 2 b is the front elevational schematic of the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment shown in Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 2 c is the schematic top plan view of the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment shown in Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of ORTF in prior art;
Fig. 4 is the position relationship schematic diagram between sound pick up equipment and sound source in time difference experiment;
Fig. 5 is that in the poor experiment of volume, measuring distance is that 1m test frequency is the test curve of 3000HZ;
Fig. 6 is that in the poor experiment of volume, measuring distance is that 2m test frequency is the test curve of 3000HZ;
Fig. 7 is that in the poor experiment of tone color, measuring distance is that 2m test frequency is the test curve of 200HZ;
Fig. 8 is that in the poor experiment of tone color, measuring distance is that 2m test frequency is the test curve of 1000HZ;
Fig. 9 is that in the poor experiment of tone color, measuring distance is that 2m test frequency is the test curve of 10000HZ.
Embodiment
Set forth in the following description a lot of details so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here, implement, so the present invention has not been subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Secondly, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagram, when the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in detail; for ease of explanation; the profile of indication device structure can be disobeyed general ratio and be done local amplification, and described schematic diagram is example, and it should not limit the scope of protection of the invention at this.The three-dimensional space that should comprise in addition, length, width and the degree of depth in actual fabrication.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
First, people relies on that two ears are poor by volume, tone color is poor, time difference three main key elements realize the location to sound source.Poor for volume, although the distance between two ears is very near, due to the iris action of human body head to sound, the sound level that sound arrives two ears is different with regard to possibility.If sound source is taken back, left ear sensation sound level is larger, and auris dextra sound level is smaller.Poor for tone color, because the diffracting power co-wavelength of ripple is relevant with the ratio between barrier yardstick, it is different that different frequency in same sound is walked around the ability of head, the sound attenuating that frequency is higher is more obvious, so when sound wave is taken back side or the side that takes over propagation from head part, the tone color that left ear is heard hears that with auris dextra tone color is just variant, only has the sound that dead ahead (or dead astern) come from the head, and diotic hearing does not just have tone color poor to sound.For the time difference, owing to having certain distance between two ears of left and right, therefore, except the sound from the place ahead (or dead astern), the time that the sound being transmitted by other directions arrives two ears just has successively, thereby causes the time difference.Most of sound pick up equipment of the prior art is to be modulated to the recording of stereo or on-site tridimensional sound the later stage all only to have paid close attention to volume poor, and do not consider poor and time difference of tone color, therefore can not well simulate people's result that ear is experienced in true environment, when listening to earphone, also just cannot reduce more complete sound field information.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention has designed omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment for earphone listening mode specially.This device comprises a supporter and two microphones that are connected with this supporter, and the connected mode between microphone and supporter has multiple, for example bonding by viscose glue, or fixes by rope, or fix by support etc.
Wherein, two microphones are arranged on the both sides of this supporter symmetrically, and concrete can be two microphones are symmetrical or about the central point of this supporter about the symmetry axis of this supporter.Two microphones can be parallel to each other or approximate be arrangeding in parallel, and also the angle of release of two microphones is 0 ° or approaches 0 °, and for example angle is within the scope of 0 °～5 °; Two microphones also can be 180 ° of angles and arrange etc.Two microphones can be microphones of the same type, can be also dissimilar microphones, and for example, two microphones are common microphone, can be specifically that directive property is heart-shaped microphone.
This supporter can have various shape, for example spherical, cylindrical, the regular geometric shape such as spheroid shape or be similar to the irregular geometry profile of number of people shape.The material of this supporter can be rubber or other elastomeric materials, can also be paper material etc., and the material of this supporter is difficult for producing resonance when pickup.Size and the weight of the size of supporter and weight and human body head are similar, and for example, size can be 25～30cm, and weight can be 4～10kg etc.
In this supporter, be full of flowable media, this medium need meet two conditions, is to be full of this supporter on the one hand, and the 2nd, flowable, can not be entity or solid.This flowable media can be multiple existing known can flowing liquid or solid, for example water, salt, fine sand or other fine granularity solids.This flowable media not only can avoid supporter when pickup, to produce resonance, and can between two microphones, to sound, play shielding and block effect, thereby can realize in stereo locating information the poor and poor amplification of tone color of volume, and then can be truer so that listen to the sound field effect of middle reproduction at earphone, locate more accurate, can reduce more complete sound field information, improve earphone audibility.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the invention scheme is described.
Referring to Fig. 1 a～1c, it is the structural representation of a kind of omnidirectional of embodiment of the present invention sound pick up equipment.
This omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment comprises supporter 11, microphone 12 and microphone 13.
As Fig. 1 a, shown in 1b, the both sides that are arranged on supporter 11 of microphone 12 and microphone 13 symmetries, microphone 12 and microphone 13 are bonded on supporter 11 by adhesive, and microphone 12 and microphone 13 are parallel to each other, and one end of the radio reception of two microphones is towards same direction.It is heart-shaped microphone that microphone 12 and microphone 13 are directive property.As shown in Fig. 1 c, complete sound field information, without any blocking, can be picked up like this in the periphery of microphone 12 and microphone 13.
Being shaped as of this supporter 11 is spherical, and microphone 12 and microphone 13 are positioned at the two ends of the diameter of this spherical supports 11.The material of the shell of this supporter 11 is rubber, be similar to basketball, in this supporter 11, be full of water, this setting not only can avoid supporter when pickup, to produce resonance, and water can play good shielding and block effect sound between two microphones, thereby can realize in stereo locating information the poor and poor amplification of tone color of volume.
The diameter of this supporter 11 is approximately 25～30cm, is also that the spacing between microphone 12 and microphone 13 is 25～30cm, is preferably 25cm.This size setting can better be realized the amplification of time difference in stereosonic locating information.
This omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment can pick up complete sound field information by arranging of above-mentioned supporter and microphone, and can realize the time difference in stereo locating information, poor and the poor amplification of tone color of volume, thereby can be truer so that listen to the sound field effect of middle reproduction at earphone, locate more accurate, can reduce more complete sound field information, improve earphone audibility.
Referring to Fig. 2 a～2c, it is the structural representation of the another kind of omnidirectional of embodiment of the present invention sound pick up equipment.
This omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment comprises supporter 21, microphone 22 and microphone 23.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 a～2b, being shaped as of this supporter 21 is cylindrical, and microphone 22 and microphone 23 are positioned on the surfaces of revolution of this cylindrical support body 21, and is positioned at the two ends of the diameter of these supporter 21 cross sections, as shown in Figure 2 c.The material of the shell of this supporter 21 is rubber, this supporter 21 is interior can fill salt or fine sand, this setting not only can avoid supporter when pickup, to produce resonance, and can between two microphones, to sound, play good shielding and block effect, thereby can realize in stereo locating information the poor and poor amplification of tone color of volume.
The diameter of this supporter 21 is approximately 25～30cm, is also that the spacing between microphone 22 and microphone 23 is 25～30cm, is preferably 27cm.This size setting can better be realized the amplification of time difference in stereosonic locating information.
As Fig. 2 a, shown in 2b, the both sides that are arranged on supporter 21 of microphone 22 and microphone 23 symmetries, microphone 22 and microphone 23 are bonded on supporter 21 by adhesive, and microphone 22 and microphone 23 are parallel to each other, and one end of the radio reception of two microphones is towards same direction.It is heart-shaped microphone that microphone 22 and microphone 23 are directive property.As shown in Figure 2 c, complete sound field information, without any blocking, can be picked up like this in the periphery of microphone 22 and microphone 23.
This omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment can pick up complete sound field information by arranging of above-mentioned supporter and microphone, and can realize the time difference in stereo locating information, poor and the poor amplification of tone color of volume, thereby can be truer so that listen to the sound field effect of middle reproduction at earphone, locate more accurate, can reduce more complete sound field information, improve earphone audibility.
Above-mentioned supporter can be placed or be fixed on a rigid supporting rod or bracing frame, microphone bar for example, and for supporting this supporter and microphone, this rigid supporting rod or bracing frame can be realized height can be in harmonious proportion the position adjustments such as angle is adjustable.The end of two microphones can be connected with control appliance in wireless or wired mode, so that the sound that microphone collects carries out subsequent treatment, this control appliance comprises conventional sound processing apparatus, will not enumerate herein.
Below respectively in the time difference, the poor and tone color of volume is poor above carries out contrast test to omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment of the embodiment of the present invention and ORTF.
First, ORTF is the microphone system by French Radio & Television Bureau (ORTF) design, and as shown in Figure 3, middle bracing frame 31 is rigidity entity bar to its structure, the angle that is used for supporting between microphone 32, two microphones 32 that are positioned at bracing frame 31 two ends is 40 °-45 °.
1) time difference experiment:
Method: metronomic sound is recorded as content measurement, and wherein L channel is without time delay sound, R channel time delay 0ms-40ms, 1ms is one grade, single microphone recording, the recording level of left and right acoustic channels is in full accord.
With loud speaker, monitor:
Recording studio monitoring loudspeaker requires: position is symmetrical, volume equates, characteristic is consistent.
When time delay occurs, sound is progressively to left speaker skew, and when time delay 12ms, the existence of right-hand loudspeaker is completely masked; When time delay 20ms, perceive 2 metronomic sound, along with the increase of amount of delay is progressively tending towards obvious.
With headphone monitor:
Earphone requires: specialty is monitored level earphone.
When time delay occurs, sound is earphone skew left progressively, and when time delay 5ms, the existence of the right earphone is completely masked; When time delay 10ms, perceive 2 metronomic sound, along with the increase of amount of delay is progressively tending towards obvious.
ORTF is arranged in a linear, and the centre distance of two microphones is 17cm, and the centre distance of two microphones of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (spherical) is 25cm, and the centre distance of two microphones of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (cylindrical) is 27cm.As shown in Figure 4, if each sound pick up equipment is and is 60 ° of angles apart from the position of sound source 41, apart from 1m, and using time difference of two microphones of ORTF as radix 1, omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (spherical) is: 1.47; Omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (cylindrical) is: 1.58.
With spherical omnidirectional sound pick up equipment, be calculated as example: sound is propagation velocity in air: 340m/s.With omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (spherical) center 1m left, to dead ahead, move 0.6m, this take 60 ° that dead ahead is initial point.Because the diameter of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment (spherical) is 25cm, this point is 1.05m with the distance of left ear; This point is 1.3m with the distance of auris dextra; The time difference that is converted to left and right ear is 0.73ms.And ORTF be take the time difference that same method calculates left and right ear and is less than as 0.5ms, visible, omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment has effectively amplified the time difference of left and right ear in the scope of people's ear acceptance.
Can reach a conclusion thus: the time difference in Sound image localization act on that loud speaker is monitored and headphone monitor between be distinguishing, the time difference is more obvious to headphone monitor.Due to the comprehensive function of sheltering of blocking of the centre distance of two microphones of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment and omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment supporter, digital effect is better than ORFT greatly.
2) the poor experiment of volume:
Method: send sine wave signal in recording studio by loud speaker, respectively the microphone of needs tests is tested in the position of 1m, 2m, wherein, 1m is loud speaker and the microphone testing standard while dispatching from the factory, the environment that 2m is used closer to reality; Test frequency 3000Hz, the most responsive to this frequency because being people's ear; With the level meter of sound console, be recorded in the level variation of the same distance of different angles.
The poor curve of volume recording as shown in Figure 5,6, wherein, abscissa is line between sound pick up equipment and sound source and the angle of horizontal direction, ordinate is that volume is poor, Fig. 5 is that measuring distance is 1m, test frequency is the test curve of 3000HZ, and Fig. 6 is that measuring distance is 2m, the test curve that test frequency is 3000HZ.Wherein, the left microphone test curve that L1 is ORTF, the right microphone test curve that R1 is ORTF; The left microphone test curve of L2Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (spherical), the right microphone test curve of R2Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (spherical); The left microphone test curve of L3Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (cylindrical), the right microphone test curve of R3Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (cylindrical).
By test curve, can be reached a conclusion: the responsive angle of ORTF is 60 °; The responsive angle of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment is 30 °.As long as the masking effect proof of people's ear is during poor existence of volume of two loud speakers in left and right, and acoustic image is to the loud speaker skew giving great volume, and when volume is poor while reaching 50%, the sound of the loud speaker that volume is little will be shielded completely.The volume of two microphones of the volume Cha Ji omnidirectional sound pick up equipment of the two microphones of ORTF is poor is meeting the condition of Sound image localization completely over 30 ° of parts.And the poor curve of volume of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment is milder than the poor curve of the volume of ORTF, people can feel more natural while listening to earphone the sound that omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment picks up.
3) the poor experiment of tone color:
Method: send sine wave signal in recording studio by loud speaker, respectively the microphone of needs test is tested to test frequency 200Hz, 1000Hz, 3000Hz, 10000Hz in the position of 2m; With the level meter of sound console, be recorded in the level variations same distance of different angles, two microphones in left and right.
The curve recording is as shown in Fig. 6,7,8,9, and wherein, abscissa is line between sound pick up equipment and sound source and the angle of horizontal direction, and ordinate is that volume is poor, and Fig. 6 is that measuring distance is 2m, the test curve that test frequency is 3000HZ; Fig. 7 is that measuring distance is 2m, the test curve that test frequency is 200HZ; Fig. 8 is that measuring distance is 2m, the test curve that test frequency is 1000HZ; Fig. 9 is that measuring distance is 2m, the test curve that test frequency is 10000HZ.Wherein, the left microphone test curve that L1 is ORTF, the right microphone test curve that R1 is ORTF; The left microphone test curve of L2Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (spherical), the right microphone test curve of R2Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (spherical); The left microphone test curve of L3Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (cylindrical), the right microphone test curve of R3Wei omnidirectional sound pick up equipment (cylindrical).
By contrasting the test curve of two kinds of pick up facilities under different test frequencies, can reach a conclusion: because the angle of release of the two microphones of ORTF is 40 °-45 °, so all there is lifting 30 ° of-90 ° of positions of all frequencies, with this, strengthen the effect of Sound image localization.Omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment only has small lifting at 30 ° of angles, and other angle all approaches the directive property of desirable cardioid microphone, and this directive property also approaches most the directive property of people's ear.Realization approaches the directive property of people's ear and leans on blocking and masking effect of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment supporter completely.So from earphone sense of hearing check, the positional accuracy of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment is slightly better than ORTF.
From above experimental result, omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment of the embodiment of the present invention can be realized the time difference in stereo locating information, poor and the poor amplification of tone color of volume, thereby can be truer so that listen to the sound field effect of middle reproduction at earphone, locate more accurate, can reduce more complete sound field information, improve earphone audibility.
In above embodiment, the shape of each parts and structure are only example, and non-limiting.And above each parts can also be replaced respectively with the element that other has identical function, to be combined to form more technical scheme, and these technical schemes of replacing rear formation all should be within the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible changes and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1.Yi Zhong omnidirectional sound pick up equipment, it is characterized in that, described omnidirectional sound pick up equipment is for carrying out pickup for earphone listening mode, described omnidirectional sound pick up equipment comprises a supporter and two microphones that are connected with described supporter, the both sides that are arranged on described supporter of described two microphone symmetries, in described supporter, be full of flowable media, described flowable media is liquid or solid.
2. omnidirectional according to claim 1 sound pick up equipment, is characterized in that, described supporter is spherical.
3. omnidirectional according to claim 1 sound pick up equipment, is characterized in that, described supporter is cylindrical, and described microphone is positioned on the surfaces of revolution of described supporter.
4. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the sheathing material of described supporter is rubber.
5. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the described flowable media being full of in described supporter is one of following:
Water, salt, sand.
6. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the spacing between described two microphones is 25～30cm.
7. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the quality of described supporter is 4～10kg.
8. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described microphone is that directive property is heart-shaped microphone.
9. according to the omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described two microphones are arranged on the both sides of described supporter in parallel to each other.
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| CN201410452428.XA CN104185118B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | A kind of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment |
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| CN201410452428.XA CN104185118B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | A kind of omnidirectional's sound pick up equipment |
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| CN104185118B CN104185118B (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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| CN114442039A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-06 | 中国移动通信集团山东有限公司 | Sound source positioning method and device and electronic equipment |
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