CN104184262B - The motor of built-in drive circuit - Google Patents
The motor of built-in drive circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104184262B CN104184262B CN201410213988.XA CN201410213988A CN104184262B CN 104184262 B CN104184262 B CN 104184262B CN 201410213988 A CN201410213988 A CN 201410213988A CN 104184262 B CN104184262 B CN 104184262B
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Abstract
The motor of the built-in drive circuit of the present invention possesses drive circuit in housing.Drive circuit has: receive the VSP signal input part of the speed control signal of motor;Send the FG signal output unit of pulse corresponding with the rotating speed of motor;Receive the communication input unit of the signal of the serial communication that the outside from drive circuit sends;And the communication output unit to the outside signal sending serial communication of drive circuit.VSP signal input part is selectively electrically connected to the first terminal with some communicated in input unit, and FG signal output unit is selectively electrically connected to the second terminal with some communicated in output unit.By this structure, can carry out rewriting the software of storage in microcomputer, confirming that the internal information etc. stored in microcomputer operates by being present in outside device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the motor used in a kind of air-conditioning equipment etc., particularly relate to a kind of at housing
Inside possesses the motor of drive circuit.
Background technology
In the past, between motor and the upper stage arrangement being present in outside motor, come via Interface Terminal
Send and receive signal.Upper stage arrangement refers to control the device of the operating of motor.Such as at Japan Patent
In motor described in application, JP 2010-183797 publication, Interface Terminal has input terminal
And lead-out terminal.Input terminal receives the VSP signal of the speed control signal as motor.Outfan
Son sends the FG signal as pulse corresponding with the rotating speed of motor.Motor has in the inside of housing
Motor drive circuit.Motor drive circuit uses be controlled motor special
IC (Integrated Circuit: integrated circuit) or microcomputer (Microcomputer).
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit.
As it is shown on figure 3, the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit has 5 terminals.
That is, motor-driven power input terminal 13 connects motor-driven power supply 21.From motor
Power supply 21 is driven to apply to be used in the power supply electricity of motor-driven to motor-driven power input terminal 13
Pressure VDC.Power supply 22 is controlled controlling connection on power input terminal 14.From controlling power supply 22 to controlling electricity
Source input terminal 14 applies to be used in the supply voltage VCC of control circuit.
The motor 43 of built-in drive circuit is in order to outside with the motor 43 being present in built-in drive circuit
Send and receive various signal between the upper stage arrangement in portion and there is Interface Terminal.The electricity of built-in drive circuit
Motivation 43 has VSP terminal 41 and FG terminal 42 and is used as Interface Terminal.VSP terminal 41 is to receive conduct
The input terminal of the VSP signal of the speed control signal of the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit.FG terminal 42
It is to send as the output with the FG signal of the corresponding pulse of rotating speed of the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit
Terminal.
Further, the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit has above-mentioned input terminal and lead-out terminal is shared
The GND terminal 15 as reference potential.
It is present in the upper stage arrangement of outside of the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit according to the FG letter received
Number detect the speed of the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit.Upper stage arrangement changes VSP signal so that built-in
The speed of the motor 43 of drive circuit becomes desired speed.Upper stage arrangement will change after VSP signal
It is sent to VSP terminal 41.The motor 43 of built-in drive circuit receives the VSP signal sent, and quilt
The corresponding speed of VSP signal controlled into and receive.
Motor-driven power supply 21 is the power supply being driven the motor including motor winding 5.Electricity
Motivation drives power supply 21, via inverter circuit 4, motor winding 5 is applied supply voltage VDC.Control electricity
Source 22 is the power supply being built in the control circuit in the motor 43 of built-in drive circuit.Control circuit refers to
Microcomputer 44, drive circuit 3 etc..
Microcomputer 44 for Motor Control has VSP signal input part 31, FG signal output unit
32 and PWM (Pulse Width Modulation: pulsewidth modulation) signal output unit 35.VSP signal is defeated
Enter portion 31 and receive VSP signal.FG signal output unit 32 sends FG signal.Pwm signal output unit 35
Send pwm signal.Microcomputer 44 calculates pwm signal according to the VSP signal received.Miniature
The pwm signal calculated is sent to drive circuit 3 by computer 44.
Inverter circuit 4 is by IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor: insulated gate bipolar
Transistor), the three phase bridge circuit that constitutes of the switch element such as MOSFET.Drive circuit 3 is to inverter circuit 4
The switch element being had is driven.Drive circuit 3 is the PWM letter that will send from microcomputer 44
Number amplify with the circuit of driving switch element.
By said structure, microcomputer 44 via drive circuit 3, inverter circuit 4 to motor around
Group 5 applying voltage corresponding with VSP signal.
Summary of the invention
The motor of the built-in drive circuit of the present invention possesses drive circuit in housing.
Drive circuit has VSP signal input part, FG signal output unit, the input unit that communicates and communicates defeated
Go out portion.
VSP signal input part receives the speed control signal of motor.FG signal output unit sends with electronic
The corresponding pulse of rotating speed of machine.Communication input unit receives the outside transmission from drive circuit by the first terminal
The signal of serial communication.Communication output unit is led to the outside transmission serial of drive circuit by the second terminal
The signal of letter.
The first terminal optionally with VSP signal input part and communicate in input unit some carry out electricity
Connect.Second terminal optionally with FG signal output unit and communicate in output unit some be electrically connected
Connect.
By this structure, can be true between motor and the upper stage arrangement of the built-in drive circuit of the present invention
Protect operating as in the past to control.
Further, the present invention built-in drive circuit motor be present in the electronic of built-in drive circuit
The communication of device and microcomputer can be updated between the updating device of the outside of machine.Updating device
Refer to the software carrying out rewriting storage in microcomputer or confirm the inside of storage in microcomputer
The device of the operation such as information.Therefore, the motor of the built-in drive circuit of the present invention is by being present in outside
Updating device, it is possible to carry out rewriting the software of storage in microcomputer, confirm microcomputer is deposited
The operations such as the internal information of storage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the motor of the built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure of the motor of the built-in drive circuit of other in embodiments of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention motor by the built-in drive circuit shown in embodiment described later, it is possible to utilize and make
VSP terminal and FG terminal for input and output terminal carry out being present in the motor of built-in drive circuit
The communication of updating device and the microcomputer being built in housing of outside.
It is to say, microcomputer is being used as control by the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit
In the case of IC, there is following point to be improved.That is, microcomputer is present in built-in drive circuit
Motor housing in.Microcomputer exists as can be from the input and output terminal of external connection
VSP terminal and FG terminal.But, it is impossible to by VSP terminal and FG terminal from outside with miniature calculating
Machine communicates.Therefore, it is micro-that the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit cannot use updating device to rewrite
In type computer storage software or in microcomputer storage internal information confirm.
The present invention provides the electricity of a kind of built-in drive circuit based on the structure shown in embodiment described later
Motivation.According to the motor of this built-in drive circuit, driving the supply voltage of motor higher than benchmark electricity
In the case of pressure, the first terminal becomes the input terminal receiving VSP signal, and the second terminal becomes transmission FG
The lead-out terminal of signal.Therefore, it is possible to by the end identical with the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit
Son arrangement, carries out operating as in the past according to the instruction from upper stage arrangement.
It addition, in the case of the supply voltage driving motor is less than reference voltage, the first terminal becomes
Receiving the input terminal of communication, the second terminal becomes the lead-out terminal sending communication.Therefore, it is possible to depositing
It is between updating device and the microcomputer of the outside of the motor of built-in drive circuit to communicate.
Below, the motor of the built-in drive circuit being explained with reference in embodiments of the present invention.
Additionally, embodiments below is the example present invention embodied, it it not the technology to the present invention
Scope is defined.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the motor of the built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 2
It it is the circuit structure diagram of the motor of other built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 1
The motor of shown built-in drive circuit is different from the motor 1a's of the built-in drive circuit shown in Fig. 2
Point is as follows.
That is, in the motor 1a of the built-in drive circuit shown in Fig. 2, drive circuit 50a is by as hard
First switching part 51 of part carry out the first terminal 11 and VSP signal input part 31 and communicate input unit 33 it
Between electrical connection.It addition, drive circuit 50a carries out second by the second switching part 52 as hardware
Terminal 12 and FG signal output unit 32 and the electrical connection between output unit 34 that communicates.
This is to the first end about drive circuit 50 in the motor 1 of the built-in drive circuit shown in Fig. 1
Son 11 is concrete with the situation that VSP signal input part 31 and the electrical connection between input unit 33 that communicates switch over
The example changed.Similarly, it is shown that about drive circuit 50 to the second terminal 12 and FG signal output unit 32
And the example that the situation that switches over of electrical connection between communication output unit 34 embodies.
In explanation described later, the motor 1 of built-in drive circuit and the motor 1a of built-in drive circuit
Play the same role effect.Motor 1a underneath with the built-in drive circuit shown in Fig. 2 says
Bright.
Additionally, about the structural element identical with the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit, additional identical
Labelling, and quote explanation.
The motor 1a of the built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention possesses driving electricity in housing
Road 50a.
Drive circuit 50a has VSP signal input part 31, FG signal output unit 32, communication input unit 33
And communication output unit 34.VSP signal input part 31 receives the motor that motor winding 5 constituted
Speed control signal.FG signal output unit 32 sends the rotating speed of the motor constituted with motor winding 5
Corresponding pulse.Communication input unit 33 receives what the outside from drive circuit 50a sent by the first terminal
The signal of serial communication.Communication output unit 34 is sent to the outside of drive circuit 50a by the second terminal 12
The signal of serial communication.
The first terminal 11 is for electrically connecting with VSP signal input part 31.Second terminal 12 is used for and FG signal
Output unit 32 electrically connects.
Drive circuit 50a also have first switching part the 51, second switching part 52, voltage detection department 36 and
Comparing section 38.
First switching part 51 is arranged in the first terminal 11 and VSP signal input part 31 and the input unit 33 that communicates
Between.Second switching part 52 is arranged in the second terminal 12 and FG signal output unit 32 and the output unit 34 that communicates
Between.Voltage detection department 36 detects the supply voltage of the motor applying constituted to motor winding 5.
Comparing section 38 will be examined with by voltage detection department 36 by reference voltage configuration part 37 reference voltage set in advance
The supply voltage measured compares.
Drive circuit 50a, according to result of the comparison, is higher than the feelings of reference voltage at the supply voltage detected
Under condition, carry out following control.
That is, the first terminal 11 is electrically connected by the first switching part 51 with VSP signal input part 31, by the first end
Son 11 breaks with input unit 33 TURP that communicates.Second switching part 52 is by the second terminal 12 and FG signal output unit 32
Electrical connection, breaks the second terminal 12 with output unit 34 TURP that communicates.
It addition, drive circuit 50a is according to result of the comparison, at the supply voltage detected less than benchmark electricity
In the case of pressure, carry out following control.
That is, the first terminal 11 is electrically connected by the first switching part 51 with the input unit 33 that communicates, by the first terminal 11
Break with VSP signal input part 31 TURP.Second switching part 52 is by the second terminal 12 and output unit 34 electricity that communicates
Connect, the second terminal 12 is broken with FG signal output unit 32 TURP.
Illustrate in more detail with accompanying drawing.
In fig. 2, the motor 1a of built-in drive circuit have motor-driven power input terminal 13,
Control power input terminal 14, the first terminal the 11, second terminal 12 and GND terminal 15.
Motor-driven power input terminal 13 connects motor-driven power supply 21.From motor-driven
Power supply 21 applies to be used in the supply voltage of motor-driven to motor-driven power input terminal 13
VDC.Power supply 22 is controlled controlling connection on power input terminal 14.From controlling power supply 22 to controlling power supply
Input terminal 14 applies to be used in the supply voltage VCC of control circuit.
The first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are outside with the motor 1 being present in built-in drive circuit
Send and receive the Interface Terminal of signal between the upper stage arrangement in portion.
GND terminal 15 for motor-driven power input terminal 13, control power input terminal 14, the
One terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 provide common GND.
The microcomputer 2 controlled has VSP signal input part 31, FG signal output unit 32, communication
Input unit 33, communication output unit 34, pwm signal output unit 35, voltage detection department 36, reference voltage
Configuration part 37 and comparing section 38.
VSP signal input part 31 receives the speed controlling letter of the motor constituted as motor winding 5
Number VSP signal.FG signal output unit 32 sends as the motor constituted with motor winding 5
The FG signal of the corresponding pulse of rotating speed.Communication input unit 33 receives signal based on serial communication.Communicate defeated
Go out portion 34 and send signal based on serial communication.Pwm signal output unit 35 sends pwm signal.Voltage
Test section 36 be detection motor-driven supply voltage analog-digital conversion (A/D,
Analog-to-Digital) input unit.Reference voltage configuration part 37 sets as being used for selecting the first terminal 11
Reference voltage is set with the terminal of the reference voltage of the function of the second terminal 12.Comparing section 38 will be examined by voltage
The voltage that survey portion 36 detects and terminal set reference voltage and compare.
The first terminal 11 is for the VSP signal input part 31 being had with microcomputer 2 and the input that communicates
Portion 33 electrically connects.Second terminal 12 is for the FG signal output unit 32 being had with microcomputer 2 and leads to
Letter output unit 34 electrically connects.
The supply voltage VDC being used in motor-driven utilizes resistor 6 and resistor 7 to detect.
That is, resistor 6 and resistor 7 is connected in series between motor-driven power supply 21 and GND terminal 15.Electricity
Resistance device 6 is connected to, with the junction point of resistor 7, the voltage detection department 36 that microcomputer 2 is had.Use
Resistor 6 and resistor 7 is passed through by dividing potential drop in the supply voltage VDC of motor-driven.By this structure,
Microcomputer 2 detection is used in the supply voltage VDC of motor-driven.
About the motor of the built-in drive circuit constituted as described above, its action and work are described below
With.
Microcomputer 2 is used in the supply voltage of motor-driven by voltage detection department 36 detection
VDC.Terminal as reference voltage set in advance is set base by comparing section 38 by microcomputer 2
Quasi-voltage compares with the detected supply voltage VDC being used in motor-driven.
It is to be used in the supply voltage VDC of motor-driven in the result compared by comparing section 38
In the case of setting reference voltage higher than terminal, become following circuit structure.That is, the first switching part 51
The first terminal 11 is electrically connected with VSP signal input part 31, by the first terminal 11 and input unit 33 electricity that communicates
Cut off.Second terminal 12 is electrically connected by the second switching part 52 with FG signal output unit 32, by the second terminal 12
Output unit 34 TURP breaks with communicating.
It addition, be to be used in the supply voltage of motor-driven in the result compared by comparing section 38
In the case of VDC sets reference voltage less than terminal, become following circuit structure.That is, the first switching
The first terminal 11 is electrically connected by portion 51 with the input unit 33 that communicates, by the first terminal 11 and VSP signal input part
31 TURPs break.Second terminal 12 is electrically connected by the second switching part 52 with the output unit 34 that communicates, by the second terminal
12 break with FG signal output unit 32 TURP.
Now, terminal sets the reference voltage specification model at the supply voltage VDC being used in motor-driven
Below minima it is set in enclosing.Such as, if being used in the rule of the supply voltage VDC of motor-driven
Lattice scope is DC200V~380V.In this case, terminal setting reference voltage is set to be less than
DC200V as minima.Terminal is set reference voltage set in view of error detection, margin
It is set to DC100V.
It is to say, in the case of suitably applying is used in the supply voltage VDC of motor-driven,
The supply voltage VDC being used in motor-driven sets base higher than the terminal set in microcomputer 2
Quasi-voltage.Therefore, VSP the signal input part 31 and FG signal output unit 32 that microcomputer 2 is had
It is chosen.Thus, the first terminal 11 becomes the input terminal of VSP signal.Second terminal 12 becomes FG letter
Number lead-out terminal.
Its result, the motor 1a of built-in drive circuit and the motor 1a being present in built-in drive circuit
The interface of outside upper stage arrangement becomes the identical knot with the motor of conventional built-in drive circuit
Structure.Therefore, the VSP signal sent from upper stage arrangement is received by microcomputer 2.Microcomputer 2
Pwm signal is calculated according to the VSP signal received.The pwm signal calculated is sent by microcomputer 2
To drive circuit 3.Utilize pwm signal to control electromotor velocity.Microcomputer 2 sends FG signal.
By so, carry out operating as in the past.
On the other hand, do not applying to be used in the electricity of motor-driven for more new procedures, confirmation data
In the case of the voltage VDC of source, supply voltage VDC sets less than the terminal set in microcomputer 2
Reference voltage.Therefore, the communication input unit 33 that microcomputer 2 is had is selected with the output unit 34 that communicates
Select.Thus, the first terminal 11 becomes the input terminal of serial communication.Second terminal 12 becomes serial communication
Lead-out terminal.It is to say, be present in the updating device of the outside of the motor 1a of built-in drive circuit
And serial communication can be carried out between microcomputer 2.
It is to say, in the case of microcomputer 2 and updating device communicate, built-in driving electricity
Upper stage arrangement is cut off by the motor 1a on road with motor-driven power input terminal 13.Built-in drive circuit
Motor 1a upper stage arrangement is connected with the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12.The electricity of built-in drive circuit
Motivation 1a will control power supply 22 and control to be connected between power input terminal 14 and GND terminal 15.If set
For this structure, then the motor 1 of built-in drive circuit becomes updating device and can carry out with microcomputer 2
The state of communication.Now, it is not necessary to carry out for making updating device and microcomputer 2 communicate
Special operation.
It addition, in FIG, by the first terminal 11 and microcomputer 2 or the second terminal 12 with miniature
Computer 2 is directly connected to.In the circuit, it is also possible at the first terminal 11 and microcomputer 2 or
There is between second terminal 12 and microcomputer 2 circuit of level conversion, logical transition etc..Level turns
Change, the circuit of logical transition etc. refers to be made up of resistance, the element of capacitor, transistor, buffer etc.
Circuit.
It addition, in fig. 2, the switching that the switching part as hardware is connected is utilized.This switching is also
Can carry out in the inside of microcomputer 2.
It addition, in fig. 2, in microcomputer, the supply voltage being used in motor-driven has been carried out
VDC and terminal set the comparison between reference voltage.Compare about this, it is also possible to will be equivalent to comparing section
The comparator of 38 is arranged on the outside of microcomputer 2.
Additionally, generally, drive the inverter circuit of motor in order to protect the circuit from because of motor again
The impact of overvoltage etc. produced by raw voltage and be mounted with to be used in the electricity of motor-driven for detection
The situation of the testing circuit of source voltage is many.Testing circuit refers to the resistor 6 shown in Fig. 2, resistor 7 etc..
It is to say, what inverter circuit had had been provided with using in the present embodiment as a rule
The testing circuit of the supply voltage of motor-driven it is used in for detection.I.e., in the present embodiment,
The circuit that inverter circuit institute standard is equipped with can be diverted.In other words, have the effect that and need not
Newly add for detecting to realize the motor of the built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention
It is used in the circuit of the supply voltage of motor-driven.
As discussed above, in the motor of the built-in drive circuit of present embodiment, detection
It is used in the supply voltage of motor-driven, and compares with reference voltage.In result of the comparison for making
In the case of the supply voltage of motor-driven is higher than reference voltage, the first terminal becomes VSP signal
Input terminal, the second terminal becomes the lead-out terminal of FG signal.Therefore, built-in in present embodiment
The motor of drive circuit can be carried out and conventional built-in driving according to the instruction from upper stage arrangement
The motor operation that the motor of circuit is same.
On the other hand, it is to be used in the supply voltage of motor-driven less than reference voltage in result of the comparison
In the case of, the first terminal becomes the input terminal of serial communication, and the second terminal becomes the defeated of serial communication
Go out terminal.Therefore, the motor of the built-in drive circuit in present embodiment can carry out being present in built-in
Communication between updating device and the microcomputer of the outside of the motor of drive circuit.
Itself as a result, it is possible to from the outside of the motor of built-in drive circuit motor to built-in drive circuit
Built-in microcomputer carry out rewriting the program of storage in microcomputer, confirm in microcomputer
The operations such as the internal information of storage.
As it has been described above, the motor of the built-in drive circuit in embodiments of the present invention can be carried out generally
The Motor Control carried out.Can also from the outside of the motor of built-in drive circuit be built in motor
Control microcomputer communicate.Therefore, it is possible to carry out rewriting the journey of storage in microcomputer
The operation of the internal information etc. of storage in sequence, confirmation microcomputer.The present invention can be applied to high function
Various motor.
Claims (3)
1. a motor for built-in drive circuit, possesses drive circuit in housing, wherein,
Above-mentioned drive circuit has:
VSP signal input part, it receives the speed control signal of above-mentioned motor;
FG signal output unit, it sends pulse corresponding with the rotating speed of above-mentioned motor;
Communication input unit, it receives the signal of the outside serial communication sent from above-mentioned drive circuit;With
And
Communication output unit, it is to the outside signal sending serial communication of above-mentioned drive circuit,
Wherein, above-mentioned VSP signal input part is electrically connected to the first terminal, and above-mentioned FG signal output unit is electrically connected
It is connected to the second terminal,
Or, above-mentioned communication input unit is electrically connected to the first terminal, and above-mentioned communication output unit is electrically connected to
Two-terminal.
The motor of built-in drive circuit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Above-mentioned drive circuit also has:
Voltage detection department, it detects the supply voltage applied to above-mentioned motor;And
Comparing section, reference voltage set in advance is compared by it with detected above-mentioned supply voltage
Relatively,
Wherein, according to above-mentioned result of the comparison, at detected above-mentioned supply voltage higher than said reference
In the case of voltage, above-mentioned the first terminal is electrically connected by above-mentioned drive circuit with above-mentioned VSP signal input part
Connect, above-mentioned second terminal is electrically connected with above-mentioned FG signal output unit, and,
According to above-mentioned result of the comparison, at detected above-mentioned supply voltage less than said reference voltage
In the case of, above-mentioned the first terminal is electrically connected by above-mentioned drive circuit with above-mentioned communication input unit, by above-mentioned
Two-terminal electrically connects with above-mentioned communication output unit.
The motor of built-in drive circuit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Above-mentioned drive circuit also has:
First switching part, it is defeated with above-mentioned VSP signal input part and above-mentioned communication that it is positioned at above-mentioned the first terminal
Enter between portion;
Second switching part, it is positioned at above-mentioned second terminal and above-mentioned FG signal output unit and above-mentioned communication output
Between portion;
Voltage detection department, it detects the supply voltage applied to above-mentioned motor;And
Comparing section, reference voltage set in advance is compared by it with detected above-mentioned supply voltage
Relatively,
Wherein, according to above-mentioned result of the comparison, at detected above-mentioned supply voltage higher than said reference
In the case of voltage, above-mentioned the first terminal is electrically connected by above-mentioned first switching part with above-mentioned VSP signal input part
Connecing, above-mentioned second terminal is electrically connected by above-mentioned second switching part with above-mentioned FG signal output unit, and,
According to above-mentioned result of the comparison, at detected above-mentioned supply voltage less than said reference voltage
In the case of, above-mentioned the first terminal is electrically connected by above-mentioned first switching part with above-mentioned communication input unit, and above-mentioned
Above-mentioned second terminal is electrically connected by two switching parts with above-mentioned communication output unit.
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JP2013105798A JP2014230313A (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Drive circuit built-in motor |
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JP7186569B2 (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-12-09 | ミネベアミツミ株式会社 | MOTOR DRIVE CONTROL DEVICE, FAN DEVICE, AND MOTOR DRIVE CONTROL METHOD |
CN113824372A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor built-in controller driving software upgrading compatible circuit and motor equipment |
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