CN104183846A - Lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104183846A CN104183846A CN201410413620.8A CN201410413620A CN104183846A CN 104183846 A CN104183846 A CN 104183846A CN 201410413620 A CN201410413620 A CN 201410413620A CN 104183846 A CN104183846 A CN 104183846A
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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Abstract
The invention discloses lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have the size of 5-50nm. A preparation method of the nanoparticles comprises the steps that a solvent, required for water/solvent thermal reaction, is prepared from ethylene glycol and water, manganese acetate tetrahydrate, lithium acetate dihydrate and phosphoric acid are taken as reacting materials, P123 is taken as a surfactant, potassium hydroxide is taken as a mineralizer, so as to promote nucleation and growth, heat treatment is carried out at high temperature and high pressure, then, segmented calcining is carried out at the temperature of 300-400 DEG C and 550-650 DEG C under the protection of a nitrogen or argon atmosphere, and then, the lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles are obtained. The lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the product is stable in quality, high in purity and good in particle dispersibility and is beneficial to the diffusion of lithium ions and the improvement of the electrochemical properties of a lithium-ion battery, and the preparation process is simple in process, easy to control and low in cost and is pollution-free, so that the large-scale production is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium manganese phosphate nano material and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of lithium manganese phosphate nano particle and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is as a kind of high performance green power supply of filling, in various portable type electronic products and communication tool, be used widely in recent years, and be progressively developed as the electrical source of power of electric automobile, thereby promote it to the future development of safety, environmental protection, low cost and high-energy-density.Wherein, particularly the development of positive electrode is very crucial for new electrode materials.The anode material for lithium-ion batteries of broad research concentrates on the transition metal oxide of lithium as the LiMO of layer structure at present
2the LiMn of (M=Co, Ni, Mn) and spinel structure
2o
4.But they respectively have shortcoming, LiCoO as positive electrode
2cost is high, natural resources shortage, and toxicity is large; Lithium nickelate (LiNiO
2) preparation difficulty, poor heat stability; LiMn
2o
4capacity is lower, and cyclical stability especially high-temperature behavior is poor.In order to solve the defect of above material, people have done large quantity research, above positive electrode are being carried out to various modifications with when improving its performance, and the exploitation of novel anode material is also the emphasis of paying close attention to always.Research is found, lithium manganese phosphate material operating voltage moderate (4.1V), the high 171mAh/g of theoretical capacity, good cycle, cost is very low, and his energy density is higher by 34% than LiFePO4, and its high-energy-density and high safety performance make it in power lithium-ion battery, have outstanding application prospect, weak point is that its poorly conductive and lithium ion diffusion velocity is slow, and the particle size of this and manganese-lithium phosphate anode material has great associated.The present invention utilizes simple method to prepare the manganese-lithium phosphate anode material of the favorable dispersibility that size is less, is conducive to improve battery performance.
summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide simple lithium manganese phosphate nano particle of a kind of favorable dispersibility and preparation technology and preparation method thereof.
Lithium manganese phosphate nano particle of the present invention, granular size is 5-50 nanometer.
The method of preparing above-mentioned lithium manganese phosphate nano particle, step is as follows:
1) by P123(poly(ethylene oxide)-PPOX-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer PEO-PPO-PEO) be dissolved in deionized water, stir at least 240 minutes, add again four hydration manganese acetate and ascorbic acid, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 0.4 mol/L-1.0 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.076 mol/L-0.152 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.13-0.26 g/mL;
2) take phosphoric acid, two hydration lithium acetates are dissolved in ethylene glycol, stir more than 30 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 0.4 mol/L-1.0 mol/L, the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 0.4 mol/L-3.0 mol/L;
3) by step 2) suspension B under the state stirring, be added drop-wise to step 1) solution A in, form emulsion C, in emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 1 ~ 3:1:1;
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to autoclave, the ethylene glycol solution that adds KOH, fully stir, spent glycol regulates its volume to 2/3 ~ 4/5 of reactor volume again, making KOH concentration is 0.05-0.15 mol/L, the concentration of P is 0.15 mol/L-0.375 mol/L, stirs more than 30 minutes;
5) reactor is airtight; be incubated 4-48 hour at 160-230 ℃ after, heat-treat, then, be down to room temperature; take out product; filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 40~100 ℃ of temperature, dry; again under nitrogen or argon shield; after 300 ~ 400 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 650 ℃ of calcining 4h of 550-, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano particle.
In said method, the purity of raw material phosphoric acid, four hydration manganese acetates, two hydration lithium acetates, ascorbic acid, potassium hydroxide, P123 and solvent ethylene glycol used, deionized water, acetone is all not less than chemical pure.
It is reaction mass that four hydration manganese acetates, two hydration lithium acetates, phosphoric acid are take in the present invention, P123 is surfactant, potassium hydroxide is mineralizer, ethylene glycol and deionized water are reaction dissolvent, by adding the concentration of P123 surfactant and design mineralizer potassium hydroxide, forming core and the growth course of lithium manganese phosphate in regulation and control heat treatment process, realize single water/solvent heat of lithium manganese phosphate nano particle that disperses synthetic.The present invention is for the organic substance of reaction mass introducing is fully separated with synthetic lithium manganese phosphate with mineralizer KOH to the cleaning of water/solvent heat synthetic product, obtains the lithium manganese phosphate phase of pure phase.Employing absolute ethyl alcohol dewaters and not higher than the oven dry of 100 ℃, is in order to obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano-powder.Under nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere protection, carry out calcination processing, be for P123 being removed, obtaining lithium manganese phosphate nano particle.
Constant product quality of the present invention, purity is high, and particle dispersion is good, is conducive to lithium ion diffusion, improves the large current density performance of lithium ion battery.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, is easy to control, and pollution-free, cost is low, is easy to large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
X-ray diffraction (XRD) collection of illustrative plates of Fig. 1 lithium manganese phosphate nano particle;
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) picture of Fig. 2 lithium manganese phosphate nano particle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
Example 1
1) 2.000 g P123 are dissolved in to the deionized water of 15 ml, stir 240 minutes, add again the four hydration manganese acetates of 1.470g and the ascorbic acid of 0.200g, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 0.4 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.076 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.13 g/mL;
2) take the phosphoric acid of 0.588g, the two hydration lithium acetates of 0.612g are dissolved in the ethylene glycol of 15 ml, stir 30 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 0.4 mol/L, and the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 0.4 mol/L;
3) by step 2) prepared suspension B is added drop-wise to step 1 under the state stirring) in prepared solution A, form emulsion C.In emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 1:1:1.
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to the autoclave that volume is 60ml, the ethylene glycol solution that adds 5 ml to contain 0.112 g KOH, fully stirs, spent glycol regulates its volume to 40ml again, making KOH concentration is 0.05 mol/L, and the concentration of P is 0.15 mol/L, stirs 30 minutes;
5) reactor that disposes reaction mass in step 4) is airtight, at 230 ℃, be incubated after 12 hours.Take out product, filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 100 ℃ of temperature, dry.Under nitrogen or argon shield, after 300 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 550 ℃ of calcining 4h, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano particle again.
The X-ray diffraction that obtains lithium manganese phosphate nanometer ellipsoid (XRD) collection of illustrative plates of synthesized is shown in Fig. 1, the lithium manganese phosphate that visible prepared material is pure phase; Its scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photo is shown in Fig. 2, visible synthetic lithium manganese phosphate nano particle, and size is 5-50 nanometer.
Example 2
1) 3.000 g P123 are dissolved in to the deionized water of 15 ml, stir 300 minutes, add again the four hydration manganese acetates of 2.45g and the ascorbic acid of 0.400g, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 0.67 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.152 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.20 g/mL;
2) take the phosphoric acid of 0.98g, the two hydration lithium acetates of 2.04g are dissolved in the ethylene glycol of 15 ml, stir 90 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 0.67 mol/L, and the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 1.33 mol/L;
3) by step 2) prepared suspension B is added drop-wise to step 1 under the state stirring) in prepared solution A, form emulsion C.In emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 2:1:1.
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to the autoclave that volume is 50ml, the ethylene glycol solution that adds 5 ml to contain 0.224 g KOH, fully stirs, spent glycol regulates its volume to 40ml again, making KOH concentration is 0.10 mol/L, and the concentration of P is 0.25 mol/L, stirs 90 minutes;
5) reactor that disposes reaction mass in step 4) is airtight, at 200 ℃, be incubated after 24 hours.Take out product, filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 80 ℃ of temperature, dry.Under nitrogen or argon shield, after 350 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 600 ℃ of calcining 4h, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano particle again, size is 5-50 nanometer.
Example 3
1) 3.500 g P123 are dissolved in to the deionized water of 15 ml, stir 360 minutes, add again the four hydration manganese acetates of 2.94g and the ascorbic acid of 0.240g, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 0.80 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.091 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.23 g/mL;
2) take the phosphoric acid of 1.176g, the two hydration lithium acetates of 1.224g are dissolved in the ethylene glycol of 15 ml, stir 150 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 0.80 mol/L, and the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 0.80 mol/L;
3) by step 2) prepared suspension B is added drop-wise to step 1 under the state stirring) in prepared solution A, form emulsion C.In emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 1:1:1.
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to the autoclave that volume is 55ml, the ethylene glycol solution that adds 8 ml to contain 0.336 g KOH, fully stirs, spent glycol regulates its volume to 40ml again, making KOH concentration is 0.15 mol/L, and the concentration of P is 0.3 mol/L, stirs 150 minutes;
5) reactor that disposes reaction mass in step 4) is airtight, at 180 ℃, be incubated after 30 hours.Take out product, filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 80 ℃ of temperature, dry.Under nitrogen or argon shield, after 300 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 650 ℃ of calcining 4h, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano particle again, size is 5-50 nanometer.
Example 4
1) 4.000 g P123 are dissolved in to the deionized water of 15 ml, stir 400 minutes, add again the four hydration manganese acetates of 3.675g and the ascorbic acid of 0.320g, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 1.00 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.12 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.26 g/mL;
2) take the phosphoric acid of 1.470 g, the two hydration lithium acetates of 4.590 g are dissolved in the ethylene glycol of 15 ml, stir 200 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 1.00 mol/L, and the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 3.00 mol/L;
3) by step 2) prepared suspension B is added drop-wise to step 1 under the state stirring) in prepared solution A, form emulsion C.In emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 3:1:1.
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to the autoclave that volume is 50ml, the ethylene glycol solution that adds 5 ml to contain 0.112 g KOH, fully stirs, spent glycol regulates its volume to 40ml again, making KOH concentration is 0.05 mol/L, and the concentration of P is 0.375 mol/L, stirs 200 minutes;
5) reactor that disposes reaction mass in step 4) is airtight, at 160 ℃, be incubated after 48 hours.Take out product, filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 40 ℃ of temperature, dry.Under nitrogen or argon shield, after 400 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 600 ℃ of calcining 4h, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nano particle again, size is 5-50 nanometer.
Claims (3)
1. a lithium manganese phosphate nano particle, is characterized in that described nano particle size is 5-50 nanometer.
2. prepare the method for lithium manganese phosphate nano particle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) P123 is dissolved in to deionized water, stir at least 240 minutes, add again four hydration manganese acetate and ascorbic acid, be stirred to abundant dissolving, obtaining manganese acetate concentration is that 0.4 mol/L-1.0 mol/L, ascorbic acid concentrations are 0.076 mol/L-0.152 mol/L, and P123 concentration is the solution A of 0.13-0.26 g/mL;
2) take phosphoric acid, two hydration lithium acetates are dissolved in ethylene glycol, stir more than 30 minutes, forming phosphoric acid concentration is 0.4 mol/L-1.0 mol/L, the concentration of lithium acetate is the suspension B of 0.4 mol/L-3.0 mol/L;
3) by step 2) suspension B under the state stirring, be added drop-wise to step 1) solution A in, form emulsion C, in emulsion C, the mol ratio of Li, Mn, P is 1 ~ 3:1:1;
4) the emulsion C of step 3) is transferred to autoclave, the ethylene glycol solution that adds KOH, fully stir, spent glycol regulates its volume to 2/3 ~ 4/5 of reactor volume again, making KOH concentration is 0.05-0.15 mol/L, the concentration of P is 0.15 mol/L-0.375 mol/L, stirs more than 30 minutes;
5) reactor is airtight; be incubated 4-48 hour at 160-230 ℃ after, heat-treat, then, be down to room temperature; take out product; filter, with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone, clean successively, at 40~100 ℃ of temperature, dry; again under nitrogen or argon shield; after 300 ~ 400 ℃ of calcining 3h, at 650 ℃ of calcining 4h of 550-, obtain lithium manganese phosphate nanometer rods.
3. the preparation method of lithium manganese phosphate nano particle according to claim 2, is characterized in that the purity of raw material phosphoric acid used, four hydration manganese acetates, two hydration lithium acetates, ascorbic acid, potassium hydroxide, P123 and solvent ethylene glycol, deionized water, acetone is all not less than chemical pure.
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CN112635758A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-04-09 | 珠海鹏辉能源有限公司 | Preferentially oriented nano lithium manganese phosphate or composite material thereof, preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery anode material and lithium ion battery |
Citations (3)
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JP2009544563A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2009-12-17 | ユミコア ソシエテ アノニム | Synthesis of electroactive crystalline nanometric LiMnPO4 powder |
CN102956887A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-06 | 佛山市德方纳米科技有限公司 | Preparation method of nano-grade lithium manganese phosphate anode material |
CN103996853A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-20 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing nano lithium manganese phosphate material with uniform size |
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JP2009544563A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2009-12-17 | ユミコア ソシエテ アノニム | Synthesis of electroactive crystalline nanometric LiMnPO4 powder |
CN102956887A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-06 | 佛山市德方纳米科技有限公司 | Preparation method of nano-grade lithium manganese phosphate anode material |
CN103996853A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-20 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing nano lithium manganese phosphate material with uniform size |
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CN112635758A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-04-09 | 珠海鹏辉能源有限公司 | Preferentially oriented nano lithium manganese phosphate or composite material thereof, preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery anode material and lithium ion battery |
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