CN104182612A - Multi-parameter blast vibration safety evaluation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-parameter blast vibration safety evaluation method. The method comprises the steps as follows: a blast vibration signal is decomposed into a series of simple harmonic loads with a wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction method, energy of the simple harmonic loads is calculated and subjected to normalization processing, then dynamic response of a structural system is calculated under the action of the simple harmonic loads, meanwhile, the normalized energy is proportionally blended into vibration response of the structure, then criterion of blast vibration safety of the structure can be given according to a vibration response admissible value of the structure, and the safety of the structure is evaluated. The criterion is a safe multi-parameter blast vibration criterion capable of reflecting parameters such as the structural property, blast load amplitude, multiple dominant frequencies, duration, energy proportion and the like, and is more detailed, more reasonable and more scientific than the conventional blast vibration safety permissible criterion.

Description

A kind of blasting vibration multiparameter safe evaluation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of blasting vibration multiparameter safe evaluation method.

Background technology

Current safety criterion of blasting vibration is all taking particle vibration peak velocity as basic parameter, carry out blasting vibration safety evaluation in conjunction with vibration signal dominant frequency, and do not consider the parameters such as frequency spectrum formation, vibrational energy distribution, duration and the vibration characteristics of blasting vibration signal, thereby the reliability that its vibration safety is passed judgment on can not ensure, also there is limitation and deficiency to a certain degree in engineering application aspect, cause some unnecessary property loss and civil disputations.Pass judgment on Blast Vibration To Building and personnel's impact by blasting vibration multiparameter safe evaluation method comprehensively, reduce that blast working disturbs residents and damage to structure, not only there is important theory value, and be with a wide range of applications.Carry out smoothly, economic healthy and sustainable development, build harmonious well-off society, maintain that the aspects such as social stability have Important Economic and social safety meaning and practical engineering application is worth ensureing to produce.

Summary of the invention

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect that adopts single parameter index in existing blasting vibration derailment criteria, proposes a kind ofly to consider that blasting vibration vibration amplitude, multiple vibration dominant frequency and duration and signal energy distribute, the method for isoparametric reliable, the accurate evaluation blasting vibration security of structural dynamic characteristic.

A kind of blasting vibration multiparameter of the present invention safe evaluation method, it comprises the steps:

Step 1, be to be superposeed by the simple harmonic wave of various amplitude and different frequency by WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconfiguration technique by the blasting vibration signal indication collecting, obtain the dynamic response expression formula of structural system under Simple Harmonic Load effect:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range is the dominant frequency of this frequency range of trying to achieve after Fourier transform is circular frequency this supported signal is expressed as to the sinusoidal wave form of simple harmonic quantity: wherein t is vibration duration, and the number of plies that i is WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, gets positive integer, and j is j node of the i layer after WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, and blasting vibration signal V can be expressed as:

$V=\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}\sin \left({\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}t\right)$

The dynamic response expression formula of structural system can be approximately:

η in formula _ij, represent respectively single reconstruction signal V _ijthe velocity factor of the structure dynamic response causing under effect and phasing degree, these values calculate in the time of wavelet decomposition ω ^* _ijfor single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range, main circular frequency, β _ijfor homeostatic reaction amplification coefficient;

The vibrational energy of step 2, calculating simple harmonic quantity load is also normalized:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijcorresponding vibrational energy is E _ij, have

$E_{\mathrm{ij}}=\∫{\left|V_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(t\right)\right|}^2\mathrm{dt}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|v_{\mathrm{jk}}\right|}^2$

In formula: v _jk(k=1,2 ..., n) be reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of discrete point; Energy proportion en after normalization _ijbe expressed as:

${\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{E}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{{\left(\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|E_{\mathrm{ij}}\right|}^2\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}};$

Step 3, by the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in structural vibration response:

By the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in the speed responsive amplitude of single-degree-of-freedom structure under blasting vibration signal V effect, obtain the structure dynamic response amplitude after normalized energy

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}$

Wherein λ is a constant coefficient, and base region is 1.2～1.6;

Step 4, according to structural vibration response allowable value calculate represent explosion ground vibration velocity allow amplitude [V _g], the criterion using this as structure blasting vibration safety, pass judgment on the security of structure according to standard or code:

If V _gfor the explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude that structural system place place attenuation of seismic waves original signal causes, have:

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right)\×V_g$

Order $D_{\mathrm{ij}}={\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right),$ Be a dimensionless factor,

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_g$

If what represent structural system speed responsive allows amplitude, [V _g] represent have the amplitude of allowing of explosion ground vibration velocity

$\left[V_g\right]=\frac{\left[V_s^{*}\right]}{\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}}$

In formula, can pass through obtain, wherein [σ] is the allowable stress of fabric structure medium, and ρ is Media density; c _pfor longitudinal wave velocity;

Step 5, obtain can be used as thus the standard value of blasting vibration safety evaluation: explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude V _g, this value has implied vibration frequency vibration duration t, vibrational energy E _ij, and embody the velocity factor η of structure dynamic response of architectural characteristic _ij.

Because attenuation of seismic waves is a complicated vibration signal that includes numerous frequency contents, in the time analyzing attenuation of seismic waves frequency on the affecting of structure dynamic response, except dominant frequency, also should consider that other occupies the impact of the dominant frequency of suitable energy proportion.For this reason, the present invention adopts WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconstructing method, be a series of Simple Harmonic Loads by blasting vibration signal decomposition, then calculate the energy of these Simple Harmonic Loads and be normalized, calculate again the dynamic response of structural system under Simple Harmonic Load effect, energy proportion after normalization is incorporated in structural vibration response simultaneously, then can provide the criterion of structure blasting vibration safety according to structural vibration response allowable value, and then pass judgment on the security of structure.This criterion is a reflect structure characteristic, explosive load amplitude, frequency (comprising multiple dominant frequencies), duration and the isoparametric multiparameter blasting vibration of energy proportion safety criterion, allows safely standard more careful, rationally and science than existing blasting vibration.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the concussion of blasting safety standard table of masonry structure building.

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.

Embodiment

The present invention proposes the blasting vibration multiparameter safe evaluation method of a kind of Blasting Vibration Velocity amplitude, vibration frequency and duration and vibrational energy, structural dynamic characteristic, specifically comprises the steps:

Step 1, be to be superposeed by the simple harmonic wave of various amplitude and different frequency by WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconfiguration technique by the blasting vibration signal indication collecting, obtain the dynamic response expression formula of structural system under Simple Harmonic Load effect:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range is the dominant frequency of this frequency range of trying to achieve after Fourier transform is circular frequency this supported signal is expressed as to the sinusoidal wave form of simple harmonic quantity: wherein t is vibration duration, and the number of plies that i is WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, gets positive integer, and j is j node of the i layer after WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, and blasting vibration signal V can be expressed as:

$V=\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}\sin \left({\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}t\right)$

The dynamic response expression formula of structural system can be approximately:

η in formula _ij, represent respectively single reconstruction signal V _ijthe velocity factor of the structure dynamic response causing under effect and phasing degree, these values calculate in the time of wavelet decomposition; ω ^* _ijfor single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range, main circular frequency, β _ijfor homeostatic reaction amplification coefficient;

The vibrational energy of step 2, calculating simple harmonic quantity load is also normalized:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijcorresponding vibrational energy is E _ij, have

$E_{\mathrm{ij}}=\∫{\left|V_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(t\right)\right|}^2\mathrm{dt}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|v_{\mathrm{jk}}\right|}^2$

In formula: v _jk(k=1,2 ..., n) be reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of discrete point; Energy proportion en after normalization _ijbe expressed as:

${\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{E}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{{\left(\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|E_{\mathrm{ij}}\right|}^2\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}};$

Step 3, by the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in structural vibration response:

By the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in the speed responsive amplitude of single-degree-of-freedom structure under blasting vibration signal V effect, obtain the structure dynamic response amplitude after normalized energy

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}$

Wherein λ is a constant coefficient, and base region is 1.2～1.6;

Step 4, according to structural vibration response allowable value calculate represent explosion ground vibration velocity allow amplitude [V _g], the criterion using this as structure blasting vibration safety, pass judgment on the security of structure according to standard (seeing Fig. 1) or code:

If V _gfor the explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude that structural system place place attenuation of seismic waves original signal causes, have:

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right)\×V_g$

Order $D_{\mathrm{ij}}={\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right),$ Be a dimensionless factor,

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_g$

If what represent structural system speed responsive allows amplitude, [V _g] represent have the amplitude of allowing of explosion ground vibration velocity

$\left[V_g\right]=\frac{\left[V_s^{*}\right]}{\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}}$

In formula, can pass through obtain, wherein [σ] is the allowable stress of fabric structure medium, and ρ is Media density; c _pfor longitudinal wave velocity;

Step 5, obtain can be used as thus the standard value of blasting vibration safety evaluation: explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude V _g; This value has implied vibration frequency vibration duration t, vibrational energy E _ij, and embody the velocity factor η of structure dynamic response of architectural characteristic _ij.

In practical application, can be for the characteristic of concrete building structure and blasting engineering vibration signal, adopt the present invention to determine the safety standard value of blasting vibration under blasting engineering design proposal condition, thereby realize blasting vibration security control.Fig. 1 has provided typical structure under different vibration signal time-histories characteristics, according to the safety criterion of blasting vibration of computing method of the present invention the typical structure that provides in conjunction with numerical simulation.

Different explosion designs, the signal characteristic difference that it obtains, i.e. velocity amplitude, vibration frequency, vibration duration, the vibrational energy difference of vibration, to structure influence difference, different structure (its kinematic behavior difference) standard difference, therefore, different explosion designs, safety of structure difference.Blasting vibration safe evaluation method provided by the invention; concentrated expression the kinematic behavior of explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude, vibration frequency, vibration duration, vibrational energy and structure; and then judge the safety case of structure according to different protected architectural characteristics and vibration characteristics; optimum blast design simultaneously; realize blasting vibration security control, effectively ensure Liao Bao district peripheral facilities and personnel's safety and normally carrying out of production.

The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not technical scope of the present invention is imposed any restrictions, therefore any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a blasting vibration multiparameter safe evaluation method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

Step 1, be to be superposeed by the simple harmonic wave of various amplitude and different frequency by WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconfiguration technique by the blasting vibration signal indication collecting, obtain the dynamic response expression formula of structural system under Simple Harmonic Load effect:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range is the dominant frequency of this frequency range of trying to achieve after Fourier transform is circular frequency this supported signal is expressed as to the sinusoidal wave form of simple harmonic quantity: wherein t is vibration duration, and the number of plies that i is WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, gets positive integer, and j is j node of the i layer after WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, and blasting vibration signal V can be expressed as:

$V=\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}\sin \left({\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}t\right)$

The dynamic response expression formula of structural system can be approximately:

η in formula _ij, represent respectively single reconstruction signal V _ijthe velocity factor of the structure dynamic response causing under effect and phasing degree, these values calculate while being wavelet decomposition ω ^* _ijfor single reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of place frequency range, main circular frequency, β _ijfor homeostatic reaction amplification coefficient;

The vibrational energy of step 2, calculating simple harmonic quantity load is also normalized:

If single reconstruction signal V _ijcorresponding vibrational energy is E _ij, have

$E_{\mathrm{ij}}=\∫{\left|V_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(t\right)\right|}^2\mathrm{dt}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|v_{\mathrm{jk}}\right|}^2$

In formula: v _jk(k=1,2 ..., n) be reconstruction signal V _ijthe amplitude of discrete point; Energy proportion en after normalization _ijbe expressed as:

${\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{E}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{ij}}}{{\left(\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|E_{\mathrm{ij}}\right|}^2\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}};$

Step 3, by the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in structural vibration response:

By the energy proportion en after normalization _ijincorporate in the speed responsive amplitude of single-degree-of-freedom structure under blasting vibration signal V effect, obtain the structure dynamic response amplitude after normalized energy

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}$

Wherein λ is a constant coefficient, and base region is 1.2～1.6;

Step 4, according to structural vibration response allowable value calculate represent explosion ground vibration velocity allow amplitude [V _g], the criterion using this as structure blasting vibration safety, pass judgment on the security of structure according to standard or code:

If V _gfor the explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude that structural system place place attenuation of seismic waves original signal causes, have:

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right)\×V_g$

Order $D_{\mathrm{ij}}={\mathrm{en}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{ij}}\left(\frac{V_{\mathrm{ij}}^{*}}{V_g}\right),$ Be a dimensionless factor,

$V_s^{*}=\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}{V}_g$

If what represent structural system speed responsive allows amplitude, [V _g] represent have the amplitude of allowing of explosion ground vibration velocity

$\left[V_g\right]=\frac{\left[V_s^{*}\right]}{\mathrm{\λ}\underset{j=0}{\overset{2^i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{ij}}}$

In formula, can pass through obtain, wherein [σ] is the allowable stress of fabric structure medium, and ρ is Media density; c _pfor longitudinal wave velocity;

Step 5, obtain can be used as thus the standard value of blasting vibration safety evaluation: explosion ground vibration velocity amplitude V _g, this value has implied vibration frequency vibration duration t, vibrational energy E _ij, and embody the velocity factor η of structure dynamic response of architectural characteristic _ij.