CN104181636B - The flexible infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of high-resolution and preparation method - Google Patents
The flexible infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of high-resolution and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181636B CN104181636B CN201410422692.9A CN201410422692A CN104181636B CN 104181636 B CN104181636 B CN 104181636B CN 201410422692 A CN201410422692 A CN 201410422692A CN 104181636 B CN104181636 B CN 104181636B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flexible infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of high-resolution and preparation method, optical fiber image transmission beam of the present invention is constituted by optical fiber multifilament is tightly packed, optical fiber multifilament is drawn by optical fiber filament tow and formed, optical fiber filament tow is constituted by optical fiber monofilament is tightly packed, optical fiber monofilament is from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core, chalcogenide glass inner cladding and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer, described chalcogenide glass fiber core refractive index n1, chalcogenide glass inner cladding refractive index n2With thermoplastic polymer cladding refractive index n3Between there is relation：n1>n2>n3.Preparation process is simple of the present invention is easy to control, and fibre bundle wire broken rate is low, and easily prepares heavy in section, high-resolution flexible infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle technical field, more particularly to a kind of infrared chalcogenide glass of flexible high-resolution
Optical fiber image transmission beam and preparation method.
Background technology
In recent years, infrared chalcogenide glass fiber has excellent infrared transmission performance, good heat endurance and change because of it
The advantages of learning stability, prepare simple, low cost and reelability, in Laser Transmission, thermal imagery transmission, chemistry and bio-sensing, red
The fields such as external spectrum research receive much concern.Chalcogenide glass refers to based on periodic table Group VIA element S, Se, Te, introduces a certain amount of
The amorphous material that other metals or nonmetalloid are formed.In chalcogenide glass fiber, sulfide, selenides and telluride object light
Fine typical transmittance spectra scope is respectively 1~6 μm, 2~8 μm and 4~12 μm.Passed with flexible high-resolution chalcogenide glass fiber
Video beam is connected as transmission waveguide with infrared imaging detector, is capable of achieving the transmission of high-quality infrared image, substantially reduces system weight
Amount and reduction system bulk, significantly reduce infrared system cost, improve systematic function.Can be used to detect strong electromagnetic place, danger
Environment, narrow space or in aperture object heat distribution, particularly have in national defence, medical treatment and the field such as industrial detection and weigh very much
The application background wanted.
At present, chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle is generally prepared using multifilament method and layered manner, multifilament method be prepare monofilament it is thin,
The effective ways of the hard coherent fiber bundle of high resolution, but cannot be used for preparing flexible coherent fiber bundle.Layered manner is to prepare heavy in section biography
One of effective ways of video beam, due to being limited to wire drawing and screening technique, it is difficult to prepare high resolution in the biography picture of 40lp/mm
Beam.It is noted that being not used to prepare for preparing the acid extracting of flexible high-resolution multicomponent glass optical fiber coherent fiber bundle
The flexible infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of high-resolution, glass transition temperature on the one hand due to acid soluble glass, thermal expansion
The critical physical parameters such as coefficient are mismatched with chalcogenide glass；On the other hand because the mechanical strength of chalcogenide glass fiber is low, in row
Wire broken rate is high during silk.At present, the preparation of the infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of flexible high-resolution still needs to overcome many skills
Art problem.
The content of the invention
It is difficult to prepare the problem of flexible coherent fiber bundle for multifilament method in the prior art, multifilament is based on the invention provides one kind
The infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of flexible high-resolution and preparation method of method.
Thinking of the invention is：
Glass transition temperature thermoplastic polymer identical with chalcogenide glass or close is introduced as chalcogenide glass fiber
Surrounding layer, for improving the mechanical strength and toughness of optical fiber monofilament, the wire broken rate during the row's of reduction silk；And by multifilament technique
Improve the resolution ratio of optical fiber image transmission beam.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of flexible high-resolution, is constituted by optical fiber multifilament is tightly packed, and optical fiber is multiple
Silk is drawn by optical fiber filament tow and formed, and optical fiber filament tow is constituted by optical fiber monofilament is tightly packed, and optical fiber monofilament is from inside to outside successively
It is chalcogenide glass fibre core, chalcogenide glass inner cladding and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer, described chalcogenide glass fiber core refractive index n1、
Chalcogenide glass inner cladding refractive index n2With thermoplastic polymer cladding refractive index n3Between there is relation：n1>n2>n3。
Above-mentioned fibre optic image transmission area of beam is square or regular hexagon.
Above-mentioned optical fiber multifilament section is square or regular hexagon.
Preferably, the glass transition temperature of thermoplastic polymer it is higher than the glass transition temperature of chalcogenide glass by 0~
50 DEG C, thus can at the same temperature realize the common fiber draw of chalcogenide glass and thermoplastic polymer.
Preferably, the component of chalcogenide glass fibre core includes 1 in 1 or 2 kind of element and sulphur, selenium, tellurium in germanium, arsenic, antimony
Or 2 kinds of elements.
Preferably, the component of chalcogenide glass inner cladding is including in 1 or 2 kind of element and sulphur, selenium, tellurium in germanium, arsenic, antimony
1 or 2 kind of element.
Preferably, thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer is polysulfone resin surrounding layer, polyethersulfone resin surrounding layer or polyethers acyl
Imines surrounding layer.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of flexible high-resolution, including step：
Step 1, three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are tightly packed into optical fiber filament tow, load thermoplastic polymer sleeve pipe
Optical fiber monofilament fasces is constituted, three layers of described coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core, sulphur system glass
Glass inner cladding and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer；
Step 2, optical fiber multifilament is drawn into by optical fiber monofilament fasces；
Step 3, optical fiber multifilament bundled is piled into by optical fiber multifilament；
Optical fiber multifilament bundled two ends are carried out hot gluing and sealed with wax by step 4, then, be put into organic solvent remove it is exposed
Thermoplastic polymer, that is, obtain flexible high-resolution optical fiber image transmission bundle.
Above-mentioned three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament is adopted and prepared with the following method：
Prepare chalcogenide glass plug, chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer respectively using extrusion
Sleeve pipe, and it is assembled into three layers of coaxial configuration preform；
Three layers of coaxial configuration preform are drawn into three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament.
Three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are tightly packed into the optical fiber monofilament that section is square or regular hexagon in step 1
Beam.
Optical fiber multifilament is tightly packed into the optical fiber multifilament bundled that section is square or regular hexagon in step 3.
Preferably, the organic solvent described in step 4 is tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane or dimethylacetylamide.
Optical fiber image transmission beam of the present invention has the characteristics that and beneficial effect：
(1) mechanical strength and toughness of optical fiber monofilament can be greatly improved using thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer, and is significantly dropped
Wire broken rate of the low optical fiber monofilament during silk is arranged.
(2) heavy in section, high-resolution infrared image guide can be realized using multifilament and row's silk technique for being combined of stacking
Prepare, coherent fiber bundle can as needed draw any required diameter.
(3) minimum filament diameter can be prepared using the present invention<8 μm, optical fiber area of beam>1cm2, fill factor>0.5th, differentiate
Rate>The infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of flexible high-resolution of 70lp/mm, 1~12 μm of spectral region.
Compared with existing infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle preparation method, the inventive method has the following advantages that：
Fibre bundle wire broken rate is low；Preparation process is simple is easy to control；Easily prepare heavy in section, high-resolution flexible infrared optical fiber
Coherent fiber bundle.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber individual filament cross section schematic diagram, in figure, 1- chalcogenide glass fibre cores, in 2- chalcogenide glasses
Covering, 3- thermoplastic polymer surrounding layers；
Fig. 2 is optical fiber multifilament cross-sectional view in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the transversal schematic diagram of optical fiber multifilament bundled in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be further described by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited only to the cited case.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of high-resolution regular hexagon As-S optical fiber image transmission beams
(1) three layer of preparation of coaxial configuration preform
As is prepared using extrusion molding respectively0.4S0.6Chalcogenide glass plug, As0.38S0.62Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and poly-
Ether sulfone resin surrounding layer sleeve pipe, detailed process is as follows：
The mixed material of chalcogenide glass plug and chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe is respectively placed in vitreosil pipe, quartz ampoule
Internal diameter and external diameter are respectively 40mm and 44mm, and the As of diameter about 40mm is synthesized by conventional melt-chilling method0.4S0.6Chalcogenide glass
Rod and As0.38S0.62Chalcogenide glass rod.By As0.4S0.6Chalcogenide glass rod and As0.38S0.62Chalcogenide glass rod is respectively put into extruder
Crowded rod and crowded pipe grinding tool in, using extrusion molding obtain chalcogenide glass plug and chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe, chalcogenide glass core
Rod diameter 16mm, chalcogenide glass inner cladding casing inner diameter and external diameter are respectively 16.1mm and 19mm.
Polyethersulfone resin is made the polyethersulfone resin rod of diameter 40mm, polyethersulfone resin rod is placed in into extruder squeezes pipe mill
In tool, polyethersulfone resin surrounding layer sleeve pipe is obtained by extrusion, polyethersulfone resin surrounding layer casing inner diameter and external diameter are respectively
19.1mm and 20mm.
By As0.4S0.6Chalcogenide glass plug, As0.38S0.62Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and polyethersulfone resin surrounding layer set
Pipe is assembled into three layers of coaxial configuration preform.
(2) three layers of preparation of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament
Three layers of coaxial configuration preform are drawn into the optical fiber list of 400 μm of diameter on high-accuracy fiber drawing tower
Silk, Fig. 1 is optical fiber individual filament cross section schematic diagram, is from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core 1, chalcogenide glass inner cladding 2 and polyethers
Sulphone resin surrounding layer 3.
(3) preparation of optical fiber multifilament：
Three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament cutting are processed into the optical fiber monofilament section of length 50cm, by optical fiber monofilament section closely
The optical fiber filament tow that section is regular hexagon is piled into, the optical fiber filament tow is formed by 817 optical fiber monofilament stackings, its section side
A length of 6.8mm.Optical fiber filament tow is fitted into the polyethersulfone resin sleeve pipe that section is regular hexagon and forms optical fiber monofilament fasces, gathered
Ether sulfone resin sleeve wall thickness 0.5mm, length of side 6.9mm in section.Monofilament fasces is drawn into light on high-accuracy fiber drawing tower
Fine multifilament, optical fiber multifilament section is the regular hexagon of 150 μm of the length of side, and optical fiber multifilament schematic cross-section is shown in Fig. 2.Polyethers in this step
Sulphone resin sleeve pipe is prepared using the extrusion described in step (1).
(4) preparation of optical fiber image transmission beam：
The cutting of optical fiber multifilament is processed into the optical fiber multifilament section of length 50cm, tightly packed is into section by optical fiber multifilament section
The optical fiber multifilament bundled of regular hexagon, the optical fiber multifilament area of beam length of side is 6.5mm.By optical fiber multifilament bundled two ends carry out hot gluing and
Seal with wax, the schematic cross-section of optical fiber multifilament bundled is shown in Fig. 3 after gluing is sealed with wax.The optical fiber multifilament bundled that two ends gluing is sealed with wax is put into dichloro
In methane solvent, the polyethersulfone resin of sudden and violent leakage is dissolved, that is, obtain flexible high-resolution regular hexagon As-S coherent fiber bundles.
The optical fiber filament diameter that the present embodiment finally obtains in infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle is 7.6 μm, fibre optic image transmission area of beam
Area is 1.1cm2, fill factor is 0.58, and optical fiber image transmission beam resolution ratio is 71lp/mm, 1~6 μm of spectral region.
Embodiment 2：The preparation of high-resolution square Te-As-Se optical fiber image transmission beams
(1) three layer of preparation of coaxial configuration preform：
Te is prepared using the extrusion molding described in embodiment 1 respectively0.2As0.3Se0.5Chalcogenide glass plug,
Te0.16As0.30Se0.54Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and polysulfone resin surrounding layer sleeve pipe, Te0.2As0.3Se0.5Chalcogenide glass plug
Diameter 16mm, Te0.16As0.30Se0.54The straight internal diameter of chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and external diameter are respectively 16.1mm and 19mm, polysulfones
Resin surrounding layer casing inner diameter and external diameter are respectively 19.1mm and 20mm.By Te0.2As0.3Se0.5Chalcogenide glass plug,
Te0.16As0.30Se0.54Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and polysulfone resin surrounding layer sleeve-assembled are into three layers of coaxial configuration predispersed fiber
Rod processed.
(2) three layers of preparation of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament：
Three layers of coaxial configuration preform are drawn into the optical fiber list of 400 μm of diameter on high-accuracy fiber drawing tower
Silk, optical fiber monofilament is from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core, chalcogenide glass inner cladding and polysulfone resin surrounding layer.
(3) preparation of optical fiber multifilament：
The cutting of optical fiber monofilament is processed into the optical fiber monofilament section of length 50cm, tightly packed is into section by optical fiber monofilament section
Foursquare optical fiber filament tow, the optical fiber filament tow is formed by 1024 optical fiber monofilament stackings, and its section length of side is 12.8mm.Will
Optical fiber filament tow is fitted into section to form optical fiber monofilament fasces, polysulfone resin casing wall thickness in foursquare polysulfone resin sleeve pipe
Length of side 12.9mm in 0.5mm, section.Monofilament fasces is drawn into optical fiber multifilament in high-accuracy fiber drawing tower, optical fiber multifilament cuts
Face is the square of 200 μm of the length of side.
(4) preparation of optical fiber image transmission beam：
The cutting of optical fiber multifilament is processed into the optical fiber multifilament section of length 50cm, tightly packed is into section by optical fiber multifilament section
Foursquare optical fiber multifilament bundled, the optical fiber multifilament area of beam length of side is 12.8mm.By optical fiber multifilament bundled two ends carry out hot gluing and
Seal with wax, the optical fiber multifilament bundled that two ends gluing is sealed with wax is put into dimethylacetamide solvent, dissolve the polysulfone resin of sudden and violent leakage, i.e.,
Obtain flexible high-resolution square Te-As-Se coherent fiber bundles.
Optical fiber filament diameter is 5.5 μm, fibre optic image transmission area of beam in the infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle that the present embodiment is finally obtained
Area is 1.6cm2, fill factor is 0.51, and optical fiber image transmission beam resolution ratio is 86lp/mm, 4~12 μm of spectral region.
Embodiment 3：The preparation of flexible high-resolution regular hexagon Ge-Sb-Se optical fiber image transmission beams
(1) three layer of preparation of coaxial configuration preform：
Ge is prepared using the extrusion molding described in embodiment 1 respectively0.13Sb0.17Se0.70Chalcogenide glass plug,
Ge0.15Sb0.15Se0.70Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and PEI surrounding layer sleeve pipe, Ge0.13Sb0.17Se0.70Chalcogenide glass
Diameter of mandrel 16mm, Ge0.15Sb0.15Se0.70The internal diameter and external diameter of chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe are respectively 16.1mm, 19mm, gather
The internal diameter and external diameter of etherimide surrounding layer sleeve pipe are respectively 19.1mm and 20mm.By Ge0.13Sb0.17Se0.70Chalcogenide glass core
Rod, Ge0.15Sb0.15Se0.70Chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and PEI surrounding layer sleeve-assembled are into three layers of coaxial configuration light
Fine prefabricated rods.
(2) three layers of preparation of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament：
Three layers of coaxial configuration preform are drawn into the optical fiber list of 400 μm of diameter on high-accuracy fiber drawing tower
Silk, optical fiber monofilament is from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core, chalcogenide glass inner cladding and polysulfone resin surrounding layer.
(3) preparation of optical fiber multifilament：
The cutting of optical fiber monofilament is processed into the optical fiber monofilament section of length 50cm, tightly packed is into section by optical fiber monofilament section
The optical fiber filament tow of regular hexagon, the optical fiber filament tow is formed by 1657 optical fiber monofilament stackings, and its section length of side is 9.6mm.
Optical fiber filament tow is fitted into the PEI sleeve pipe that section is regular hexagon and forms optical fiber monofilament fasces, PEI set
Length of side 9.7mm in thickness of pipe wall 0.5mm, section.Optical fiber monofilament fasces is drawn into optical fiber multifilament on high-accuracy fiber drawing tower,
Optical fiber multifilament section is the regular hexagon of 150 μm of the length of side.
(4) preparation of optical fiber image transmission beam：
The cutting of optical fiber multifilament is processed into the optical fiber multifilament section of length 50cm, tightly packed is into section by optical fiber multifilament section
The optical fiber multifilament bundled of regular hexagon, the optical fiber multifilament area of beam length of side is 9.6mm.By optical fiber multifilament bundled two ends carry out hot gluing and
Seal with wax, the optical fiber multifilament bundled that two ends gluing is sealed with wax is put into tetrahydrofuran solvent, make the polyetherimide amine solvent of sudden and violent leakage, that is, obtain
Obtain flexible high-resolution regular hexagon Ge-Sb-Se coherent fiber bundles.
Optical fiber filament diameter is 5.6 μm, fibre optic image transmission area of beam in the infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle that the present embodiment is finally obtained
Area is 2.4cm2, fill factor is 0.58, and optical fiber image transmission beam resolution ratio is 96lp/mm, 2~8 μm of spectral region.
It is the optical fiber image transmission beam of regular hexagon, its fill factor theoretical value for sectionFor section
It is foursquare optical fiber image transmission beam, its fill factor theoretical valueWherein, d is that the final infrared optical fiber for obtaining is passed
Optical fiber monofilament core diameter in video beam, D is optical fiber filament diameter in the final infrared optical fiber coherent fiber bundle for obtaining.In above-described embodiment
The fill factor of offer is to carry out detection acquisition to optical fiber image transmission beam.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of the flexible infrared chalcogenide glass fiber coherent fiber bundle of high-resolution, it is characterised in that including step：
Step 1, three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are tightly packed into optical fiber filament tow, load thermoplastic polymer sleeve pipe and constitute
Optical fiber monofilament fasces, three layers of described coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are from inside to outside followed successively by chalcogenide glass fibre core, chalcogenide glass
Covering and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer, wherein, chalcogenide glass fiber core refractive index n1, chalcogenide glass inner cladding refractive index n2And heat
Thermoplastic polymer cladding refractive index n3Between there is relation：n1>n2>n3；
Step 2, optical fiber multifilament is drawn into by optical fiber monofilament fasces；
Step 3, optical fiber multifilament is tightly packed into optical fiber multifilament bundled；
Optical fiber multifilament bundled two ends are carried out hot gluing and sealed with wax by step 4, then, are put into organic solvent and are removed exposed thermoplastic
Property polymer, that is, obtain flexible high-resolution optical fiber image transmission bundle.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Three layers of described coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament are adopted and prepared with the following method：
Prepare chalcogenide glass plug, chalcogenide glass inner cladding sleeve pipe and thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer set respectively using extrusion
Pipe, and it is assembled into three layers of coaxial configuration preform；
Three layers of coaxial configuration preform are drawn into three layers of coaxial configuration optical fiber monofilament.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Organic solvent described in step 4 is tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane or dimethylacetylamide.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described thermoplastic polymer surrounding layer is polysulfone resin surrounding layer, polyethersulfone resin surrounding layer or PEI outsourcing
Layer.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The component of described chalcogenide glass fibre core includes 1 or 2 kind of unit in 1 or 2 kind of element and sulphur, selenium, tellurium in germanium, arsenic, antimony
Element.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The component of described chalcogenide glass inner cladding include germanium, arsenic, antimony in 1 or 2 kind of element and sulphur, selenium, tellurium in 1 or 2 kind
Element.
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| CN104570199B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-12-01 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of selen-tellurjum monocrystalline composite fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN105891948B (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 北京方瑞博石数字技术有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber of high contrast is led as screen |
| GB201700936D0 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-03-08 | Univ Bath | Optical fibre apparatus and method |
| CN110015843B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-08-24 | 宁波大学 | Core-drawing extrusion preparation method of optical fiber preform |
| CN108751694B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏师范大学 | Preparation method of infrared chalcogenide glass optical fiber image transmission bundle with high filling coefficient |
| CN109887676B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-07-20 | 华南理工大学 | Photoelectric composite electrode optical fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110208903B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-07-28 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Impact-resistant optical fiber image transmission element and preparation method thereof |
| CN111190251B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-02-25 | 南京春辉科技实业有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-section high-resolution flexible optical fiber image transmission bundle |
| CN111562645B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 | Composite material optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN114879304B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-03-24 | 杭州光学精密机械研究所 | Distributed infrared optical fiber image transmission bundle and preparation method thereof |
| CN115113335B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2024-02-09 | 江苏师范大学 | Medium-wavelength and long-wavelength infrared integrated optical fiber beam combiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN117310871B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-06-28 | 江苏师范大学 | Application of chalcogenide glass fiber monofilament in preparation of long-wave infrared optical fiber image transmission beam |
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Inventor after: Zhang Bin Inventor after: Yang Zhiyong Inventor after: Zhai Chengcheng Inventor after: Qi Sisheng Inventor after: Guo Wei Inventor after: Ren He Inventor after: Zhang Mingjie Inventor after: Yang Anping Inventor before: Zhang Bin Inventor before: Yang Zhiyong Inventor before: Zhai Chengcheng Inventor before: Qi Sisheng Inventor before: Guo Wei Inventor before: Ren He Inventor before: Zhang Mingjie Inventor before: Yang Anping Inventor before: Tang Dingyuan |