CN104181386A - Single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter - Google Patents
Single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181386A CN104181386A CN201410444785.1A CN201410444785A CN104181386A CN 104181386 A CN104181386 A CN 104181386A CN 201410444785 A CN201410444785 A CN 201410444785A CN 104181386 A CN104181386 A CN 104181386A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter, and relates to the field of electric energy measuring in the electrical instrument industry. According to the intelligent ammeter, defects in the prior art are overcome, and the interference problem in the field-running and mounting process is solved. The single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter is composed of hardware and software, a polar and nonpolar chip general 485 communication circuit is additionally arranged in the hardware portion, a carrier communication module and micropower communication module general circuit are added, and a power source abnormal detection circuit and a load switch misoperation detection circuit are added. A power source circuit is used for the 0.4 part per thousand of ripple voltage in the process of carrier communication power supply; ammeter software comparison and infrared certification functions are added through software design, and the remote fee charging and load curve copying and reading function is optimized. The intelligent ammeter is safe, reliable, high in cost performance and good in economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrotechnical instrument and meter industry electric energy metrical field, particularly a kind of single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter.
Background technology
Electric energy meter is as the specially-used measuring instrument of electric energy user power utilization amount, experienced the development from induction type electric energy meter to electronic power meter, wherein electronic power meter has experienced again the developing stage such as ordinary electronic formula electric energy meter, multi-rate meter, prepayment meter, multifunctional electric energy meter in function.
Current existing electric energy meter utilizes main website to check meter at a distance, greatly improves the accuracy of checking meter, and effectively avoids the error of manual metering, and can remote inquiry ammeter real time data, help electric company and the power consumer very first time to obtain abnormal conditions, convenient repairing in time, reduces power off time.
But due to existing intelligent electric meter Software for Design, hardware design, there is certain defect in the aspects such as components selection, while design, field condition and rugged surroundings are considered to deficiency simultaneously, and many problems have occurred in operation and installation process at the scene:
1. due to the defect of hardware circuit itself, ammeter brings ripple to electrical network while use, makes, in electrical network, resonance occurs and causes excess current or superpotential and accidents caused, increases added losses, reduces efficiency and the plant factor of generating, transmission of electricity and consumer;
2. under strong magnetic environment, because transformer does not prevent the measure of strong magnetic, it is large that transformer rear end electric current becomes, and in the time reaching the threshold values of thermistor action, causes electric energy meter to crash, and cannot effectively measure, and opportunity is provided to user's stealing;
3. Ge Bie producer is for the consideration of the reasons such as cost demand, and censorship ammeter and supply of material ammeter are inconsistent;
4. some users are due to the restriction of site environment, and it is bad that effect data is copied and accepted in carrier communication.
Summary of the invention
Content of the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter is provided, it is made up of hardware and software two parts, and wherein hardware comprises metering circuit, power circuit, battery and testing circuit, 485 telecommunication circuits, governor circuit, memory circuit, control relay circuit, carrier communication circuit, infrared communication circuit, multifunctional pulse output circuit, display circuit, security encryption circuit.Software comprises that measurement module program, metering module program, data processing module program, system processing module program, load control module program, Communications Processor Module program, event freeze modular program.Hardware components also comprises relay and power supply abnormality detection circuit.Described power circuit is for carrier communication when power supply ripple voltage 0.4 ‰, 485 described telecommunication circuits have polarity and nonpolarity chip general, described carrier communication circuit is carrier communication module and micropower communication module universal circuit.
Described metering circuit adopts high-precision electric energy the special metering IC, completes sampled voltage and current signal are carried out to related operation and processing, realizes power measurement and output of pulse signal function; Described power circuit, for whole electric energy meter system provides power supply, by rectification, by 220 volts of High Level AC Voltages in the supply line at ammeter place, is converted to and can, for the direct low-voltage DC of system, uses Switching Power Supply to reduce the ripple of supplying with carrier module; Described battery and testing circuit for ensureing that whole electric meter system can normally be worked in accident or catastrophic failure situation, provide standby power supply for it in the time of design, be generally lithium battery, to guarantee the normal operation of whole system, when cell voltage is during lower than 3V, show that battery owes electric alarm; Described relay and power supply abnormality detection circuit are to detect the externally fed of electric energy meter in the time of electric energy meter normal working voltage scope, but electric energy meter internal processor operating voltage is abnormal, for the built-in electric energy meter of on-load switch, detect the misoperation of table internal loading switch; Described 485 telecommunication circuits refer to utilizes RS485 communication protocol electric energy transmitting table data and Long-distance Control electric energy meter; Described governor circuit is microcontroller (being MCU) by the running status of SPI and the peripheral each module of I2C bus mode control, realizes the various functions of electric energy meter; To be system adopt EEPROM in the time of design with described memory circuit, i.e. EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), stores and record mass data, under the power-down conditions that can ensure to cause at various accidents and burst accident simultaneously, and not the disappearing and longer-term storage of user power utilization data.The combined floodgate of described control relay circuit pilot relay and tripping operation realize the object to user power utilization control.Described carrier communication circuit utilizes existing power transmission and distribution power line network as transmission medium, realizes a kind of circuit of data transmission and message exchange, realizes the networking of the long-range electricity-selling system of electric energy meter and power department.The portable infrared copying instrument that described infrared communication circuit is meter reading personnel and the intelligent electric energy meter infrared communication that is positioned at user side, realize electric quantity data copy reading and Long-distance Control.Described multifunctional pulse output circuit is pulse per second (PPS) and period switching pulse output multiplex circuit; Described display circuit is show the electric weight of active user's day part and combine total electric weight.Long-range electricity-selling system issues the information such as multiple tariff period table, electric weight name day by virtual medium (being mainly that carrier wave is communicated by letter with RS485) to expense control electric energy meter.Described security encryption circuit is to realize the safety control functions such as safe storage, data enciphering/deciphering, bidirectional identity authentication, Access control, link encryption transmission, is the requisite ingredient of single-phase electric energy meter.
Described measurement module program is to be responsible for computation chip initialization: computation chip initialization, register data initialization; Measure: magnitude of voltage is measured, two channel currents are measured, and two channel powers and power direction are measured, and two channel power factors are measured, grid frequency measurement, and computation chip data check; Error correction: 1.0,100%Ib point tolerance is proofreaied and correct, 1.0,100%Ib point voltage, electric current, power displayed value is proofreaied and correct, 0.5L, 100%Ib phase error correction, 1.0,5%Ib point tolerance is proofreaied and correct, initialization of register interface.Described metering module program is responsible for impulse sampling; Electric weight adds up and stores processor: combination electric quantity metering, electric weight accumulation process, stores processor; Electric weight clearing: regular way settlement and power failure clearing, power on and mend clearing, settlement packets is containing monthly clearing, and billing cycle is settled accounts.Described data processing module refers to default data initialization and data zero clearing: electric energy meter parameter is composed default value, and event freezes to wait zero clearing; RAM data check initialization after powering on; The safety and reliability inspection of data.Described system processing module program is responsible for time task scheduling processing; Ammeter running status word is synchronous; Parameter modification is processed load record, and active reporting status word is synchronous, key updating processing; System time obtains interface, time validity checking interface; Various interrupt source service subprograms, general assignment scheduling and power-on and power-off processing.Described load control module program is responsible for relay relevant action and logout; The initialization of Control related data.Described Communications Processor Module program is responsible for communication read data; Subsequent frame is read in communication; Address reads; Data are write in communication; Freeze command; Ammeter zero clearing and event zero clearing; Long-distance Control; Safety certification.Described event is freezed modular program and is responsible for freezing; Logout; Load record.
The present invention has following advantage: 1. ripple voltage 0.4 ‰, and far below 1 ‰ requirements of national grid standard.2. the anti-shielded metal shell of the outside increase of transformer, reduces strong magnetic interference.3. increased electric energy meter software comparison function.4. designed the telecommunication circuit that has polarity and non-polar 485 chip to be all suitable for.5. design carrier communication module and micropower communication module universal circuit.6. optimize remote bill control and load curve copy reading function.7. hardware design modularization, Software for Design standardization, product up-gradation and maintenance are convenient in the increase of embedded program versatility.The present invention is safe and reliable, and cost performance is high, good in economic efficiency, is subject to leading body at a higher level and client's consistent favorable comment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter theory diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter described in this embodiment is made up of metering circuit, power circuit, battery and testing circuit, relay and power supply abnormality detection circuit, 485 telecommunication circuits, governor circuit, memory circuit, control relay circuit, carrier communication circuit, infrared communication circuit, multifunctional pulse output circuit, display circuit, security encryption circuit.Various hardware circuit functions are as follows:
Metering circuit: sampled voltage and current signal are carried out to related operation and processing, realize power measurement and output of pulse signal function.
Power circuit: for whole electric energy meter system provides power supply.
Battery and testing circuit: for electric energy meter provides standby power supply, be generally lithium battery, to guarantee the normal operation of whole system, when cell voltage is during lower than 3V, show that battery owes electric alarm.
Relay and power supply abnormality detection circuit: detect the externally fed of electric energy meter in the time of electric energy meter normal working voltage scope, but electric energy meter internal processor operating voltage is abnormal, for the built-in electric energy meter of on-load switch, detects the misoperation of table internal loading switch.
485 telecommunication circuits: utilize RS485 communication protocol electric energy transmitting table data and Long-distance Control electric energy meter.
Governor circuit: microcontroller (being MCU), by the running status of SPI and the peripheral each module of I2C bus mode control, is realized the various functions of electric energy meter.
Memory circuit: system time adopts EEPROM in design, i.e. EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), stores and record mass data, under the power-down conditions that can ensure to cause at various accidents and burst accident simultaneously, not the disappearing and longer-term storage of user power utilization data.
Control relay circuit: the combined floodgate of pilot relay and tripping operation realize the object to user power utilization control.
Carrier communication circuit: utilize existing power transmission and distribution power line network as transmission medium, realize a kind of circuit of data transmission and message exchange, realize the networking of the long-range electricity-selling system of electric energy meter and power department.
Infrared communication circuit: meter reading personnel's portable infrared copying instrument and the intelligent electric energy meter infrared communication that is positioned at user side, realize electric quantity data copy reading and Long-distance Control.
Multifunctional pulse output circuit: be pulse per second (PPS) and period switching pulse output multiplex circuit.
Display circuit: show the electric weight of active user's day part and combine total electric weight.Long-range electricity-selling system issues the information such as multiple tariff period table, electric weight name day by virtual medium (being mainly that carrier wave is communicated by letter with RS485) to expense control electric energy meter.
Security encryption circuit: realize the safety control functions such as safe storage, data enciphering/deciphering, bidirectional identity authentication, Access control, link encryption transmission.
Function of the present invention realizes by software program, and software program of the present invention comprises that measurement module program, metering module program, data processing module program, system processing module program, load control module program, Communications Processor Module program, event freeze modular program.
Various software functions are as follows:
Measurement module program: computation chip initialization: computation chip initialization, register data initialization; Measure: magnitude of voltage is measured, two channel currents are measured, and two channel powers and power direction are measured, and two channel power factors are measured, grid frequency measurement, and computation chip data check; Error correction: 1.0,100%Ib point tolerance is proofreaied and correct, 1.0,100%Ib point voltage, electric current, power displayed value is proofreaied and correct, 0.5L, 100%Ib phase error correction, 1.0,5%Ib point tolerance is proofreaied and correct, initialization of register interface.
Metering module program: impulse sampling; Electric weight adds up and stores processor: combination electric quantity metering, electric weight accumulation process, stores processor; Electric weight clearing: regular way settlement and power failure clearing, power on and mend clearing, settlement packets is containing monthly clearing, and billing cycle is settled accounts.
Data processing module program: default data initialization and data zero clearing: electric energy meter parameter is composed default value, event freezes to wait zero clearing; RAM data check initialization after powering on; The safety and reliability inspection of data.
System processing module program: time task scheduling processing; Ammeter running status word is synchronous; Parameter modification is processed load record, and active reporting status word is synchronous, key updating processing; System time obtains interface, time validity checking interface; Various interrupt source service subprograms, general assignment scheduling and power-on and power-off processing.
Load control module program: relay relevant action and logout; The initialization of Control related data.
Communications Processor Module program: communication read data; Subsequent frame is read in communication; Address reads; Data are write in communication; Freeze command; Ammeter zero clearing and event zero clearing; Long-distance Control; Safety certification.
Event is freezed modular program: be responsible for freezing; Logout; Load record.
Claims (6)
1. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter, it is made up of hardware components and software section, and wherein hardware components comprises metering circuit, power circuit, battery and testing circuit, 485 telecommunication circuits, governor circuit, memory circuit, control relay circuit, carrier communication circuit, infrared communication circuit, multifunctional pulse output circuit, display circuit, security encryption circuit; Software section comprises that described measurement module program, metering module program, data processing module program, system processing module program, load control module program, Communications Processor Module program, event freeze modular program; It is characterized in that hardware components also comprises relay and power supply abnormality detection circuit.
2. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that 485 described telecommunication circuits are to have polarity and nonpolarity chip universal circuit.
3. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described carrier communication circuit is carrier communication module and micropower communication module universal circuit.
4. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter according to claim 1, ripple voltage 0.4 ‰ while it is characterized in that described power circuit is powered for carrier communication.
5. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described software section comprises electric energy meter software comparison and infrared authentication function.
6. single-phase charge-controlled intelligent electric meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described load control module program optimization remote bill control and load curve copy reading function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410444785.1A CN104181386A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter |
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| CN201410444785.1A CN104181386A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Single-phase fee charged intelligent ammeter |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104504129A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-08 | 潍坊五洲浩特电气有限公司 | Information inquiring terminal of household intelligent electric meter |
| CN104867780A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-26 | 哈尔滨电工仪表研究所 | Three-phase intelligent miniature magnetic latching breaker |
| CN104977458A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-14 | 安徽南瑞中天电力电子有限公司 | Battery current detection method of electric energy meter FCT tool |
| CN106353544A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-01-25 | 黑龙江省电工仪器仪表工程技术研究中心有限公司 | COG (Chip on Glass) single-phase intelligent ammeter |
| CN112019342A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-12-01 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Data transmission method between electric energy meter and master station and electric energy meter |
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| CN112019342A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-12-01 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Data transmission method between electric energy meter and master station and electric energy meter |
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