CN104180751A - Piezoelectric ceramic sensor element applied to high-strain occasion - Google Patents
Piezoelectric ceramic sensor element applied to high-strain occasion Download PDFInfo
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- CN104180751A CN104180751A CN201410135817.XA CN201410135817A CN104180751A CN 104180751 A CN104180751 A CN 104180751A CN 201410135817 A CN201410135817 A CN 201410135817A CN 104180751 A CN104180751 A CN 104180751A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical filed of structural health monitoring and especially relates to a piezoelectric ceramic sensor element applied to a high-strain occasion. The piezoelectric ceramic sensor element comprises a piezoelectric sensing unit and a centre filling unit which are mutually independent and are made of different materials, wherein the piezoelectric sensing unit is fixedly connected to the outer side of the centre filling unit. The piezoelectric ceramic sensor element further comprises a base body which is connected under the piezoelectric sensing unit and the centre filling unit, wherein the base body is made of insulating materials. The beneficial effects of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor element are that the centre filling unit with high tension strength/high compressive strength, the piezoelectric sensing unit with the pressure stress being precasted and the base body with relatively-small elasticity modulus can bear the largest strain distributed among the piezoelectric ceramic sensor elements and offset and partially damp the large strain transmitted from a detected structure, thereby improving high strain bearing capacity of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor element effectively and enabling the piezoelectric ceramic sensor element to be suitable for high-strain monitoring occasions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for structural health monitoring technology field, relate in particular to a kind of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion.
Background technology
At present, for the monitoring structural health conditions research of aeronautic structure, become and become more and more important.Structural health monitoring technology is developed by traditional Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement, sensing/driving element network that this technology utilization is integrated in structure can carry out real-time online detection to configuration state, can effectively improve aeronautic structure security, reduce maintenance cost and reenlist cycle.
Piezoelectric ceramic piece (piezoelectric patches) is a kind of common piezoelectric element, has size little, lightweight and low-cost advantage.And it can be used separately as sensor and excitation based on positive inverse piezoelectric effect, so be widely used in monitoring structural health conditions field.
Researcher monitors piezoelectric patches for Active Lamb Wave monitoring and passive shock both at home and abroad.Europe Airbus company has developed a set of structural fatigue crack monitoring system based on piezoelectric patches, and tests on A340-600, and successful has obtained Britain country measuring technology Grand Prix for 2003.For the ease of installing, U.S. Acellent company has proposed the piezoelectric patches packaged type of smart layer.
Yet in practical engineering application, due to the inherent characteristic of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric patches is more crisp, particularly its tensile strength is little, has seriously reduced its high strain ability to bear.At present, often by optimizing the one-tenth of piezoceramic material, assign to improve its mechanical property, but this kind of mode still cannot fundamentally effectively be improved the frangible characteristic of piezoelectric ceramics, limited the application of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element under high strain occasion.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion, by improving the structure of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element, make it be applicable to high strain monitoring occasion.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion, comprising: separate and piezoelectric sensing unit and the center-filled unit by different materials, made, described piezoelectric sensing unit is fixedly connected on the outside of center-filled unit.
Wherein, the upper surface of described piezoelectric sensing unit and center-filled unit is concordant respectively with lower surface.
Wherein, the thickness range of described piezoelectric sensing unit and center-filled unit is 0.1mm～20mm.
Wherein, also comprise the matrix being connected to below piezoelectric sensing unit and center-filled unit, described matrix is made by insulating material.
Wherein, described piezoelectric sensing unit is added with in advance compressive stress in sintering procedure, for increasing the tensile strength of piezoelectric sensing unit.
Wherein, described piezoelectric sensing unit solidifies the outside that is connected in center-filled unit.
Wherein, described piezoelectric sensing unit is loop configuration, and described center-filled unit is cylindrical structural.
Wherein, the external diameter of described piezoelectric sensing unit is 6mm, and internal diameter is 4.5mm.
Wherein, described piezoelectric sensing unit is made by piezoelectric ceramics.
Wherein, the tension/Compressive Strength >=200Mpa of described center-filled unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the piezoelectric sensing unit of the center-filled unit of described high tensile/Compressive Strength, prefabricated compressive stress and the less matrix of elastic modulus, can bear respectively and be distributed in the large strain that piezoelectric sensor the highest middle strain, counteracting and part decay are passed over by geodesic structure, thereby effectively improved the high strain ability to bear of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element, made it be applicable to high strain monitoring occasion.And, different from the optimal way of improving piezoelectric ceramics composition, the present invention only improves its high strain ability to bear by optimizing piezoelectric ceramics sensing element structure, its ring piezoelectric sensing unit adopts common piezoelectric ceramics, just can reach than the better resistance to compression of prior art and tensile strength, be convenient to selection, reduce costs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion that provides of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the test simulation model schematic diagram of the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion that provides of the specific embodiment of the invention 1.
In figure:
1, piezoelectric sensing unit; 2, center-filled unit; 3, matrix; 4, aluminium sheet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion, comprising: separate and piezoelectric sensing unit 1 and the center-filled unit 2 by different materials, made, described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 is fixedly connected on the outside of center-filled unit 2.Concrete, described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 solidifies the outside that is connected in center-filled unit 2.
The described piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion also comprises and is connected to piezoelectric sensing unit 1 and center-filled unit 2 matrix 3 below, described matrix 3 is made by insulating material, preferably having the polymkeric substance that elastic modulus is less forms, be used for the large strain that part decay is passed over by geodesic structure, thereby can effectively improve the large strain ability to bear of this piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion.
Concrete, the upper surface of described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 and center-filled unit 2 is concordant respectively with lower surface.The outer rim of described matrix 3 is concordant with the outside of piezoelectric sensor.
Further, described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 is applied with pre-compression stress when making, for increasing the tensile strength of piezoelectric sensing unit.Preferably, described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 is made by piezoelectric ceramics.International conventional piezoceramic material Wei You U.S. American Piezoceramics wherein, the APC850 type piezoelectric ceramics (material parameter is in Table 1) that Inc. company produces is fired and is formed, and has added in advance the compressive stress of 1MPa in sintering procedure.
Table 1APC850 type piezoelectric constants
Wherein, the tension/Compressive Strength >=200Mpa of described center-filled unit 2.Preferably, described center-filled unit 2 is made by Ly12 duralumin (elastic modulus is 73.1GPa, and tensile strength is 470MPa, and compressive strength is 420MPa, and Poisson ratio is 0.33, and density is 2780kg.m-3).
Described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 is generally loop configuration, and corresponding center-filled unit 2 is cylindrical structural with it.The thickness range of described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) and center-filled unit (2) is 0.1mm～20mm.During concrete application, the thickness of described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 and center-filled unit 2 is preferably 0.5mm.The external diameter of described piezoelectric sensing unit 1 is 6mm, and internal diameter is 4.5mm.The external diameter of described center-filled unit 2 is 4.5mm.The thickness of described matrix 3 is preferably 0.1mm, and its modulus of shearing is 2.6GPa.
Theoretical and experimental study shows, the compressive strength of piezoelectric ceramics is far above tensile strength, and the strain that its zone line distributes is higher, and marginal portion its encourage and sensing process in played Main Function.So the central area of above-mentioned piezoelectric ceramics sensing element replaces with the material that tensile strength is high, the damage that can avoid high strain to cause to piezoelectric ceramics.Meanwhile, periphery is designed to ring piezoelectric sensing unit, does not substantially affect excitation and the sensing capabilities of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element.By the pre-compression stress of piezoelectric ceramics, fire and be integrated with the matrix that elastic modulus is less, the large strain that can further offset and decay and passed over by geodesic structure, thus can effectively improve the large strain ability to bear of this piezoelectric ceramics sensing element.
In order to investigate respectively each improvement part of the described piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion for the effect of the large strain ability to bear of raising, designed respectively four kinds of piezoelectric patches, be designated as respectively PZT4, PZT3, PZT2 and PZ1.Wherein, PZT4 is the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion described in this specific embodiment.
The structure of PZT3 is identical with PZT4, and by annular piezoelectric sensing unit, center-filled unit and matrix composition, be that annular piezoelectric sensing unit does not have pre-compression stress in sintering procedure; PZT2 is by ring piezoelectric sensing unit and center-filled unit, and ring piezoelectric sensing unit do not have pre-compression stress in sintering procedure, there is no the matrix in PT3 and PT4 structure, and its gross thickness is 0.6mm; PZ1 is common circular piezoelectric sheet, and piezoelectric is all APC850 type piezoelectric ceramics, and radius is 6mm, and gross thickness is 0.6mm.
Utilize ABAQUS software to carry out Numerical Validation.Realistic model in checking as shown in Figure 2, is aluminium sheet 4(elastic modulus 70Gpa common in aeronautic structure by geodesic structure, Poisson ratio 0.3), aluminium sheet 4 is of a size of 100mm * 50mm * 2mm, and a side is clamped, and opposite side applies even tension 12MPa.
Respectively above-mentioned piezoelectric ceramics sensing element PZT2, PZT3, PZT4 and common piezoelectric patches PZT1 are coupled by glue-line and aluminium sheet 4.Glue-line modulus of shearing is 3GPa, and Poisson ratio is 0.3, and thickness is 100 μ m.Corresponding result is as shown in table 2.
The optimum results of the high strain ability to bear of table 2 piezoelectric sensor
From table 2, can see, under the identical loading environment of basal body structure, the maximum strain that is delivered to piezoelectric ceramics part in PZT1～PZT4 is respectively 1.13E-04GPa, 8.85E-05GPa, 7.20E-05GPa and 6.63E-05GPa, common PZT1 is respectively 100% with respect to the ratio of PZT1～PZT4 maximum strain, 127.7%, 156.9%, 170.4%, this ratio corresponds to the optimization efficiency of corresponding piezoelectric sensor strain ability to bear.
From table 2, can see, the raising efficiency of PZT4 is the highest, and its strain ability to bear rises to 170.4% of common PZT1, and this explanation piezoelectric ceramics sensing element can bear the larger strain being passed over by geodesic structure, is applicable to the occasion of higher strain.
In sum, the fit structure of the matrix that the piezoelectric sensing unit by the center-filled unit of high tensile/Compressive Strength, prefabricated compressive stress and elastic modulus are less, can bear respectively and be distributed in the large strain that piezoelectric sensor the highest middle strain, counteracting and part decay are passed over by geodesic structure, thereby effectively improved the high strain ability to bear of piezoelectric ceramics sensing element, made it be applicable to high strain monitoring occasion.
Know-why of the present invention has below been described in conjunction with specific embodiments.These are described is in order to explain principle of the present invention, and can not be interpreted as by any way limiting the scope of the invention.Explanation based on herein, those skilled in the art does not need to pay performing creative labour can associate other embodiment of the present invention, within these modes all will fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion, it is characterized in that, comprise: separate and piezoelectric sensing unit (1) and center-filled unit (2) of by different materials, being made, described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) is fixedly connected on the outside of center-filled unit (2).
2. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the upper surface of described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) and center-filled unit (2) is concordant respectively with lower surface.
3. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the thickness range of described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) and center-filled unit (2) is 0.1mm～20mm.
4. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises and is connected to piezoelectric sensing unit (1) and center-filled unit (2) matrix (3) below, and described matrix (3) is made by insulating material.
5. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) is added with in advance compressive stress in sintering procedure, for increasing the tensile strength of piezoelectric sensing unit (1).
6. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) solidifies the outside that is connected in center-filled unit (2).
7. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) is loop configuration, and described center-filled unit (2) is cylindrical structural.
8. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the external diameter of described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) is 6mm, and internal diameter is 4.5mm.
9. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric sensing unit (1) is made by piezoelectric ceramics.
10. the piezoelectric ceramics sensing element for high strain occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tension/Compressive Strength >=200Mpa of described center-filled unit (2).
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| CN1554017A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2004-12-08 | ���µ�����ҵ��ʽ���� | Distortion sensor |
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