CN104178359A - Reaction preparation method of animal-plant oil fat microemulsion - Google Patents
Reaction preparation method of animal-plant oil fat microemulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN104178359A CN104178359A CN201410361178.9A CN201410361178A CN104178359A CN 104178359 A CN104178359 A CN 104178359A CN 201410361178 A CN201410361178 A CN 201410361178A CN 104178359 A CN104178359 A CN 104178359A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reaction preparation method of an animal-plant oil fat microemulsion. The reaction preparation method comprises the following steps of respectively adding animal-plant oil fat, low alcohols, a surfactant and a catalyst into a reactor and reacting at a room temperature. Due to adoption of the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the reaction preparation method has the beneficial effect the addition of the surfactant in the animal-plant oil fat methanol microemulsion is greatly reduced. Since animal-plant oil fat is subjected to partial ester exchange in the reaction process, a certain amount of diglyceride, monoglyceride, glycerol, fatty acid methyl ester and the like are produced in the product, monoglyceride is a non-ionic surfactant and thus the microemulsion is formed, methanol is not needed to be separated from glycerin, since the partial ester exchange is carried out, the average molecular weight of oil fat is reduced and the combustion performance is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation of microemulsion, specifically a kind of reaction method for preparing of animal-plant oil microemulsion.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern society, the use of automobile, electronics and all kinds of mechanical means, makes the mankind enter industrial age.And along with the deepening continuously of process of industrialization, energy consumption also increases with day.Traditional main energy sources is oil, and oil is as a kind of Nonrenewable resources, and it is all disposable irreversible can exploiting and use, and global demand of petroleum constantly increases, and prospective oil is in rapid minimizing, and the research of oil substitutes has been the task of top priority.
For petroleum replacing, someone attempts directly to use vegetable and animals oils to send in automobile or other machinery equipment to burn, but fail, specifically, vegetables oil is grease product that extract from plant, as: tea oil, rape oil, peanut wet goods, animal grease is the grease product that extract in animal body, as lard, sheep oil, butter, fish oil, shrimp sauce etc., above-mentioned both are all renewable.But because vegetable and animals oils molecular weight is large, carbochain is longer, apparent viscosity is too high, there will be incomplete combustion, easily charing coking while directly burning, stop up the phenomenons such as oil burner nozzle.So automobile or other machinery equipment cannot directly be burnt it as the energy.
In sum, although vegetable and animals oils is a kind of renewable energy source, but it cannot directly use, need to carry out certain processing, and in vegeto-animal clean burning is processed, microemulsified can reach good clean burning effect, specifically, micro-emulsified fuel burning take " microexplosion " theoretical for basic.Micro-emulsified fuel carry out primary atomization to 100～oil droplet of 200 μ m through atomizing nozzle, boiling point due to water and oil phase when oil droplet is heated differs larger, during water vaporization, volume sharply expands and increases three orders of magnitude, moment splits into wrapping in outside oil phase the oil droplet that particle diameter is less, and this process is referred to as " microexplosion ".The secondary-atomizing causing due to " microexplosion " makes oil droplet be fragmented into more tiny vaporific oil droplet, and now oil droplet specific surface area is large, can with the abundant catalytic combustion of airborne oxygen, make microemulsion sufficient combustion, improved thermo-efficiency, eliminated black smoke etc.The combustion processes of methanol diesel oil microemulsion is found after deliberation, and during micro-emulsion diesel burning, smoke intensity declines to some extent, NOx, and CO and CH discharge content are about 25% of general fuel oil.
The preparation of the microemulsion of existing animal-plant oil, is generally (to be generally room temperature) at a certain temperature, takes a certain amount of vegetable and animals oils and lower alcohol, put into colorimetric cylinder, drip gradually tensio-active agent, the vibration while adding, until rear solution muddiness no longer.The process of preparing at this and, the consumption of tensio-active agent accounts between solution quality 11-36%, and in actual applications, because tensio-active agent price is higher, so the microemulsion cost of making is higher, loses the price advantage of microemulsion, is unfavorable for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method that can overcome the not enough animal-plant oil microemulsion that present animal-plant oil microemulsion preparation cost is higher.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of animal-plant oil microemulsion, animal-plant oil, lower alcohol, tensio-active agent and catalyzer are added respectively in reactor, and react at normal temperatures preparation.
As further illustrating of such scheme,
In the mixed solution that animal-plant oil, lower alcohol, tensio-active agent and catalyzer mix,
Lower alcohol is a kind of or its mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, Virahol;
Tensio-active agent is a kind of or its mixture in anionic, cationic, amphoteric ion type and non-ionic type;
Catalyzer is alkali or acid, and the mass ratio of catalyzer and low-carbon alcohol is 1: 10000-1: 3.3;
Temperature of reaction is 0-85 ℃;
Reaction times is greater than 10min.
As a kind of preferred, lower alcohol is methyl alcohol, and it mixes with animal-plant oil, and its shared mass percent is greater than animal-plant oil.
As a kind of preferred, tensio-active agent is anionic, and it accounts for the 0.001%-30% of mixed solution quality.
Preferably catalyzer is alkali as a kind of, and the mass ratio of itself and low-carbon alcohol is 1: 10000-1: between 20.
As a kind of preferred, the reaction times is 60min.
The present invention takes the beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical solution to be: in animal-plant oil-methyl alcohol microemulsion, additional amount of surfactant reduces greatly.Due to animal-plant oil generation part transesterify in reaction process, in product, produce a certain amount of triglyceride, monoglyceride, glycerine and fatty acid methyl ester etc.Wherein monoglyceride itself is exactly tensio-active agent (non-ionic type), therefore forms microemulsion.Without carrying out methyl alcohol, sweet oil separating, due to part transesterify, the molecular-weight average of grease reduces, and combustionproperty is greatly taken on a new look.
Its reaction principle is, lubricant component (triglyceride level) reacts with methyl alcohol part transesterification reaction occurs, and product is mainly unreacted triglyceride level, newly-generated triglyceride, monoglyceride, glycerine and fatty acid methyl ester etc.
Embodiment
For convenience of the present invention is done to further understanding, now for embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment:
Lard 50g and methyl alcohol 300g, add tensio-active agent 65013g and NaOH 0.5g, packs four-hole bottle into, a mouth access reflux exchanger, and a mouth inserts thermometer, is placed in water-bath, under 65 ℃ of conditions, back flow reaction 60min.Reacted product is a homogeneous transparent liquid.Under room temperature, place 24 hours, have no layering or solid and occur.Simulated combustion shows that burning is normal.
Claims (1)
1. the reaction method for preparing of an animal-plant oil microemulsion, it is characterized in that: animal-plant oil, lower alcohol, tensio-active agent and catalyzer are added respectively in reactor, react at normal temperatures preparation, in the mixed solution that animal-plant oil, lower alcohol, tensio-active agent and catalyzer mix; Lower alcohol is a kind of or its mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, Virahol; Tensio-active agent is a kind of or its mixture in anionic, cationic, amphoteric ion type and non-ionic type; Catalyzer is alkali or acid, and the mass ratio of catalyzer and low-carbon alcohol is 1: 10000-1: 3.3; Temperature of reaction is 0-85 ℃; Reaction times is greater than 10min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410361178.9A CN104178359A (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | Reaction preparation method of animal-plant oil fat microemulsion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410361178.9A CN104178359A (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | Reaction preparation method of animal-plant oil fat microemulsion |
Publications (1)
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| CN104178359A true CN104178359A (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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| CN201410361178.9A Pending CN104178359A (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | Reaction preparation method of animal-plant oil fat microemulsion |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1896194A (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-01-17 | 金学刚 | Micro-emulsion fatty acid diesel oil and its production |
| CN101250447A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-27 | 企业环保科技（香港）有限公司 | Environmental protection energy-saving micro-emulsified biological petrol and diesel blended fuel containing seawater, animal-vegetable oils and alcohols, and additive |
| CN101302452A (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-12 | 刘有望 | Diesel bio-additive |
| CN103045313A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-17 | 华东理工大学 | Low-temperature diesel oil microemulsion agent and microemulsion thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-07-22 CN CN201410361178.9A patent/CN104178359A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1896194A (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-01-17 | 金学刚 | Micro-emulsion fatty acid diesel oil and its production |
| CN101302452A (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-12 | 刘有望 | Diesel bio-additive |
| CN101250447A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-27 | 企业环保科技（香港）有限公司 | Environmental protection energy-saving micro-emulsified biological petrol and diesel blended fuel containing seawater, animal-vegetable oils and alcohols, and additive |
| CN103045313A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-17 | 华东理工大学 | Low-temperature diesel oil microemulsion agent and microemulsion thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏德宏 等: ""豆油微乳化燃料的制备及燃烧特性"", 《工业加热》 * |
| 杨振强 等: ""酸催化油脂酯交换反应研究进展"", 《粮食与油脂》 * |
| 郭俊旺 等: ""玉米油微乳液的制备及其燃烧性能研究"", 《印染助剂》 * |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |