CN104177745A - Wave-absorbing type polymethacrylimide foam/chopped fiber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wave-absorbing type polymethacrylimide foam/chopped fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104177745A CN104177745A CN201410399994.9A CN201410399994A CN104177745A CN 104177745 A CN104177745 A CN 104177745A CN 201410399994 A CN201410399994 A CN 201410399994A CN 104177745 A CN104177745 A CN 104177745A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave-absorbing type polymethacrylimide foam/chopped fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is formed by uniformly dispersing a chopped fiber wave-absorbing agent in a methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymer substrate. The composite material is simple in preparation method and low in cost, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the composite material is obviously improved in comparison with that of a polymethacrylimide foam material in the prior art. In addition, the composite material has a certain wave-absorbing effect. Thus, an application range of the polymethacrylimide foam material is enlarged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material and preparation method thereof, belong to and inhale wave energy Material Field.
Background technology
Polymethyl acid imide porous plastics is a kind of novel foam materials, to be developed in 1962 by German Romo Co.,Ltd the earliest, and realizing gradually industrialization, the Application Areas of polymethacrylimide foam is gradually to many technical field development such as space flight, aviation, naval vessel, bullet train, wind-power electricity generation.Along with the development of matrix material, polymethacrylimide foam also starts to the development of doping type matrix material, and hotchpotch is mainly mechanical property, the heat resistance in order to improve Polymethacrylimide, or makes acquisition functional material.In prior art, have charcoal fiber is added on to urethane, epoxy resin, in the conventional foam such as resol, make the report of matrix material, what traditional foam materials foaming mainly adopted is liquid foam method, chopped strand absorbing material can disperse and anti-settling preferably, but be all to adopt solid foamed method for polymethacrylimide foam material, can not directly add inconsistent chopped strand, and chopped strand add can not realize after polymethacrylimide foam material dispersed, the stability of performance is not ensured, currently available technology can not overcome this technical barrier, prepare a kind of suction wave mode polymethyl acrylic acid imine foam material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of absorbing property excellent suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material that heat resistance is good, comprehensive mechanical performance is superior.
Another object of the present invention is a kind of method that is to provide simple to operate, the described suction wave mode of the low preparation of cost polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material.
The invention provides a kind of suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, this suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material is to be dispersed in methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers matrix and to be formed by chopped strand wave absorbing agent; Described methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers matrix by methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile in mass ratio 30～70:30～70 copolymerization obtain; The quality of described chopped strand wave absorbing agent is 0.1～2% of methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer total mass.
Suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material of the present invention also comprises following preferred version:
In preferred scheme, inhale wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material by methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer by in-situ copolymerization by after chopped strand wave absorbing agent parcel, through Overheating Treatment and foaming, process and make successively.
In preferred scheme, chopped strand wave absorbing agent is one or more in polyacrylonitrile-radical fibrid, carbon fiber, glass fibre, sapphire whisker, silicon carbide fibrid, boron nitride fibre, aramid fiber, polyethylene fibre.
In preferred scheme, chopped strand wave absorbing agent length is 1～20mm.
In preferred scheme, thermal treatment is with 100～120 ℃ of pyroprocessing 2～6h.
In preferred scheme foaming process be by heat treated material under the existence of whipping agent with 160～250 ℃ of pyroprocessing 0.5～2h.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1): by comprising the raw material mixed dissolution of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer, initiator and whipping agent, obtain solution A;
Step 2): in step 1 in solution A), adding molecular weight is 100～3,000,000 polymethylmethacrylate, at 30～50 ℃, stirs, and obtains viscous fluid B; Wherein, the add-on of polymethylmethacrylate is 1%～10% of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer total mass;
Step 3): in step 2, after adding chopped strand wave absorbing agent to disperse by sonic oscillation in viscous fluid B), initiated polymerization, obtains methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers parcel chopped strand wave absorbing agent mixture;
Step 4): by step 3 methacrylic acid) obtaining/methacrylonitrile copolymers parcel chopped strand wave absorbing agent mixture is processed through 100～120 ℃ of High Temperature Pres successively, after at 160～250 ℃, foaming is processed, obtains.
The preparation method of suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material of the present invention also comprises following preferred version:
In preferred scheme, the add-on of polymethylmethacrylate is 2%～6% of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer total mass.
In preferred scheme, the High Temperature Pre treatment time is 0.5～2h.
Treatment time of foaming in preferred scheme is 0.5～2h.
In preferred scheme, the temperature of polyreaction is 30～70 ℃, and the reaction times is 48～72h.
Step 1 in preferred scheme) raw material described in as required selectivity adds one or more additives in linking agent, nucleator, tensio-active agent.
In preferred scheme, whipping agent is C
1～C
9fatty alcohol, water, methane amide, DMF, formic acid, amine carbonate, MU in one or more.
In preferred scheme, whipping agent add-on is 2%～10% of methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer total mass.
In preferred scheme, initiator is even class or peroxide initiator.
Initiator is one or more in Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, the tertiary butyronitrile of azo two, azo dihydride, benzoyl peroxide, diacetyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, dioctanoyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, dicumyl peroxide more preferably.
The add-on of initiator is 0.05%～1% of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer total mass.
In preferred scheme, linking agent is one or more in acrylamide, Methacrylamide, diacrylate, allyl group acrylamide, zinc methacrylate, magnesinm methacrylate, methacrylic acid calcium, allyl methacrylate(AMA).Under linking agent effect, can further obtain more crosslinked methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers matrix of macromolecule.
In preferred scheme, nucleator is amine carbonate.
In preferred scheme, tensio-active agent is one or more in OP tensio-active agent, methyl-silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: polymethacrylimide foam material of the prior art has outstanding mechanical property, but art technology can't be used absorbing material field well, mainly that the foaming mode adopting due to polymethacrylimide foam material is solid foamed method, can not directly add compatible poor chopped strand, and chopped strand adds can not be realized after polymethacrylimide foam material dispersedly, and the stability of performance is not ensured.By the inventive method first successfully by shortwave fiber composite to polymethacrylimide foam material, not only improved outstanding mechanical property and the thermal stability of polymethacrylimide foam material, obtain outstanding absorbing property simultaneously, can be applicable to space flight and aviation, the fields such as military affairs; In addition, preparation method of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, can suitability for industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The suction ripple PMI foam pros and cons reflectance curve figure that [Fig. 1] makes for embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Following examples are intended to further illustrate content of the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
First according to following quality hundred, prepare raw material: 42 parts of methacrylic acids, 58 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.25 part of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 3 parts of methane amides, 2 parts of acrylamides, 1 part of carboxamide, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 4 parts of 1,500,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 50 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
1 part of the PAN-based carbon fiber that is 2mm by length joins in solution B, by low speed, shakes and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B PAN-based carbon fiber, obtains being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 50 ℃ of temperature, reacted 72h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 120 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 200 ℃ of foaming processing 2h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
By regulating the amount of whipping agent to control the foaming degree of material, the Typical Representative foam board of several different densities of preparing, has carried out the test of mechanical property and the test of electrical property to it respectively.Aspect mechanical property, to compare with the PMI foam that German Degussa WF/WF-HT series product do not add chopped strand, mechanical property has the raising of certain amplitude, for polymethacrylimide foam, should provide higher platform.Because the doping of difference amount fiber has certain reinforcing supporting role to abscess adjacent in foam, therefore to the mechanical property of the foam effect that improves.Electrical property aspect: because the chopped strand adding is processed through characteristic surface, make foam have certain wave-absorbing effect, test result is as follows.
Table 1 different densities is inhaled the mechanical property of wave mode PMI foamed composite
The mechanical property of the Degussa WF/WF-HT series product of table 2 different densities
Embodiment 2
First according to following mass percent, prepare raw material: 50 parts of methacrylic acids, 50 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.4 part of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 8 parts of methane amides, 2 parts of acrylamides, 1 part of carboxamide, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 6 parts of 1,500,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 40 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
0.5 part of the aramid fiber that is 4mm by length joins in solution B, by low speed, shakes and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B aramid fiber, obtains being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 60 ℃ of temperature, reacted 48h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 110 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 200 ℃ of foaming processing 2h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
The composite foam board foam density obtaining is 56kg/m
3, compressive strength is 0.8MPa, composite foam board is on average can reach-5db of the wave-absorbing effect test left and right of 2-18GHz.
Embodiment 3
First according to following mass percent, prepare raw material: 58 parts of methacrylic acids, 42 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.5 part of diacetyl peroxide, 6 parts of methane amides, 2.5 parts of acrylamides, 1.5 parts of carboxamides, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 8 parts of 1,500,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 50 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
0.3 part, the carbon fiber that is 10mm by length joins in solution B, by low speed, shakes and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B carbon fiber, obtains being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 50 ℃ of temperature, reacted 72h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 120 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 220 ℃ of foaming processing 1h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
The composite foam board foam density obtaining is 93kg/m
3, compressive strength is 3.1MPa, composite foam board on average can reach in the wave-absorbing effect test of 2-18GHz-and below 8db.
Embodiment 4
First according to following mass percent, prepare raw material: 35 parts of methacrylic acids, 65 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.8 part of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 6 parts of methane amides, 2.5 parts of acrylamides, 1.5 parts of carboxamides, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 4 parts of 2,000,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 50 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
2 parts of aramid fibers that is 2mm by length join in solution B, by low speed, shake and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B aramid fiber, obtain being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 50 ℃ of temperature, reacted 72h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 100 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 230 ℃ of foaming processing 0.5h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
The composite foam board foam density obtaining is 167kg/m
3, compressive strength is 4.5MPa, composite foam board is on average can reach-14db of the wave-absorbing effect test left and right of 2-18GHz.
Embodiment 5
First according to following mass percent, prepare raw material: 65 parts of methacrylic acids, 35 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.4 part of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 8 parts of methane amides, 2 parts of acrylamides, 1 part of carboxamide, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 2 parts of 3,000,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 50 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
1 part, the glass fibre that is 2mm by length joins in solution B, by low speed, shakes and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B PAN-based carbon fiber, obtains being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 60 ℃ of temperature, reacted 48h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 120 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 200 ℃ of foaming processing 2h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
The composite foam board foam density obtaining is 72kg/m
3, compressive strength is 2.6MPa, composite foam board is on average can reach-10db of the wave-absorbing effect test left and right of 2-18GHz.
Embodiment 6
First according to following mass percent, prepare raw material: 42 parts of methacrylic acids, 58 parts of methacrylonitriles, 0.3 part of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 5 parts of methane amides, 2.5 parts of acrylamides, 1.5 parts of carboxamides, 0.5 part of methyl-silicone oil.Mentioned reagent is mixed to abundant stirring and evenly mixing and obtain solution A.
Get molecular weight and be 4 parts of 1,000,000 polymethylmethacrylates and add in solution A, at 50 ℃ of temperature, by high-speed stirring, thickening material is dissolved, obtain the solution B of thickness.
0.1 part of the boron nitride fibre that is 16mm by length joins in solution B, by low speed, shakes and power ultrasonic is dispersed in solution B boron nitride fibre, obtains being dispersed with the solution C of chopped strand.
Solution C is injected to the sealing glass board mold of 100mm * 100mm * 10mm, at 60 ℃ of temperature, reacted 48h, obtain having polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material of certain degree of crosslinking.
Subsequently polymethyl acrylic acid imine copolymer/chopped strand matrix material with certain degree of crosslinking is put at 120 ℃ of temperature and processed 2h, then be warming up to 200 ℃ of foaming processing 0.5h and obtain inhaling wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, then cut into the composite foam board of different size.
The composite foam board foam density obtaining is 136kg/m
3, compressive strength is 3.7MPa, composite foam board is on average can reach-6db of the wave-absorbing effect test left and right of 2-18GHz.
Claims (10)
1. inhale wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material, it is characterized in that, by chopped strand wave absorbing agent, be dispersed in methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers matrix and form; Described methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers matrix by methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile in mass ratio 30～70:30～70 copolymerization obtain; The quality of described chopped strand wave absorbing agent is 0.1～2% of methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer total mass.
2. suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material makes through Overheating Treatment and foaming processing after chopped strand wave absorbing agent being wrapped up by in-situ copolymerization by methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer successively.
3. suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described chopped strand wave absorbing agent is one or more in polyacrylonitrile-radical fibrid, carbon fiber, glass fibre, sapphire whisker, silicon carbide fibrid, boron nitride fibre, aramid fiber, polyethylene fibre.
4. suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described chopped strand wave absorbing agent length is 1～20mm.
5. a preparation method for the suction wave mode polymethyl acid imide foam/chopped strand matrix material as described in claim 1～4 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1): by comprising the raw material mixed dissolution of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer, initiator and whipping agent, obtain solution A;
Step 2): in step 1 in solution A), adding molecular weight is 100～3,000,000 polymethylmethacrylate, at 30～50 ℃, stirs, and obtains viscous fluid B; Wherein, the add-on of polymethylmethacrylate is 1%～10% of methacrylonitrile and methacrylic acid mix monomer total mass;
Step 3): in step 2, after adding chopped strand wave absorbing agent to disperse by sonic oscillation in viscous fluid B), initiated polymerization, obtains methacrylic acid/methacrylonitrile copolymers parcel chopped strand wave absorbing agent mixture;
Step 4): by step 3 methacrylic acid) obtaining/methacrylonitrile copolymers parcel chopped strand wave absorbing agent mixture is processed through 100～120 ℃ of High Temperature Pres successively, after at 160～250 ℃, foaming is processed, obtains.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the described High Temperature Pre treatment time is 0.5～2h; The described foaming treatment time is 0.5～2h.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that step 1) described in raw material as required selectivity add one or more additives in linking agent, nucleator, tensio-active agent.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described whipping agent is C
1～C
9fatty alcohol, water, methane amide, DMF, formic acid, amine carbonate, MU in one or more.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described whipping agent add-on is 2%～10% of methacrylic acid and methacrylonitrile mix monomer total mass.
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described initiator is even class or peroxide initiator.
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| CN107586359A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 洛阳尖端技术研究院 | A kind of foam absorbing meta-material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108749160A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-06 | 西安交通大学 | Fibre reinforced PMI foams-pyramid sandwich plate composite construction and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2019069148A (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-05-09 | エボニック デグサ ゲーエムベーハーＥｖｏｎｉｋ Ｄｅｇｕｓｓａ ＧｍｂＨ | Absorbent polymeric foam for shoe insoles |
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| CN108749160A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-06 | 西安交通大学 | Fibre reinforced PMI foams-pyramid sandwich plate composite construction and preparation method thereof |
| CN110746638A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for preparing carbon nanofiber reinforced polymethacrylimide foam through suspension polymerization |
| CN113372678A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Oil-containing fiber-polymer self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115948014A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-04-11 | 湖南博翔新材料有限公司 | Nano polymer fiber reinforced polymethacrylimide foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN115948014B (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-02-02 | 湖南博翔新材料有限公司 | Nano polymer fiber reinforced polymethacrylimide foam and preparation method thereof |
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