CN104167034A - Human body counting device based on pyroelectric technology - Google Patents
Human body counting device based on pyroelectric technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104167034A CN104167034A CN201410270679.6A CN201410270679A CN104167034A CN 104167034 A CN104167034 A CN 104167034A CN 201410270679 A CN201410270679 A CN 201410270679A CN 104167034 A CN104167034 A CN 104167034A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a human body counting device based on pyroelectric technology. The device comprises a front-end acquisition module and a data processing transmitting module, wherein the front-end acquisition module comprises an information modulation cover, a Fresnel lens and a pyroelectric sensor; and the data processing transmitting module comprises a data processing circuit, a data displaying circuit, a wireless transmission circuit and a wire transmission circuit. The information modulation cover is used for modulating thermal infrared incidence of a human body; the Fresnel lens can enlarge a sensing distance and generate alternatively light and dim sensing areas; the pyroelectric sensor connects the sensed human body thermal infrared energy signal output end to an amplified filter circuit so as to treat human body thermal infrared information through the data processing circuit; and the data displaying circuit displays treated results and transmits the results to the wire transmission circuit through wireless signal channels. The human body counting device based on the pyroelectric technology can increase accuracy of human body counting, reduces calculation complexity, and can carry out real-time determination on a movement direction of the human body by using a single device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stream of people's statistic device, particularly relate to a kind of human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology.
Technical background
Pyroelectric effect is can produce superfluous hot charge on self surface when self temperature changes, and only the rate of change of self temperature is responded.Popular say that pyroelectric effect is exactly that some crystal of occurring in nature is subject to thermal distortion and intrinsic self electric polarization phenomenon of producing.In essence, all sensors are all transducing heads, and pyroelectric infrared sensor is the photo-thermal electric transducer of infrared radiation in this sense, by the first energy transform into heat energy of invisible infrared energy, then are converted to electric energy and measure.
The most common and most popular is Pyroelectronic Sensor, Pyroelectronic Sensor has the sensitivity unit of two differential concatenations, there is following characteristics: 1, owing to being two first differential concatenations of sensitivity, so when projectile energy sequential illumination is in responsive unit, the electric signal of sensor output is the ac voltage signal that a positive negative replaces, and its output doubles than pyroelectric unit sensor.2, because two responsive units are differential concatenations, for the energy of while incident, can cancel out each other, can eliminate the errors that fixedly infrared heat source causes such as variation of ambient temperature and the sun.3, this PZT sensitive element has piezoelectric effect, can also eliminate the detection error causing because of vibration.
The infrared energy of human body radiation is quite faint, and the detection range of pyroelectric sensor is nearer, is generally 1-2 rice, therefore for improving its detection sensitivity, need to before sensor, add a set of optical devices.Modal optical devices are Fresnel Lenses.Fresnel Lenses is mainly by two aspect effects, and the infrared ray that human body radiation goes out on the one hand gathers in the sensitivity unit of PIR, thereby strengthens the distance of surveying, and also the infrared ray cycle of incident can be covered on the other hand, makes pir sensor output continuous signal [1].
At present, passive type warning system adopts pyroelectric infrared sensor, it is based on pyroelectric effect, can detect human body specific wavelength infrared radiation with noncontact form, there is very strong disguise, can realize preferably warning function, and also there is good application in fields such as control automatically, approach switch, remote controls, have now the warning system of part based on pyroelectric infrared sensor, but they are responded to all movement humans of invading in reconnaissance range, cannot Intelligent Recognition, rate of false alarm higher [2-7].
The research that pir sensor is applied to human motion pattern-recognition still belongs to rare at home and abroad, people is to be determined by figure and features feature and gait feature as dynamic distributed infrared radiation source, the different walking movement attitude of human body can cause gained PIR signal, and not only temporal signatures is variant, and its frequency-region signal also can produce in special frequency channel the infrared ray that the detectable human body of difference .PIR sensor gives off, output electrical signals. when human body moves along certain path, infrared radiation affects the mode with unique the probe field of pir sensor, and then affect the output signal [8-10] of sensor.
If install a porose cover before Fresnel Lenses additional, number that can modulated continuous wave the waveform that optimum detection arrives, if enough little by the width design in hole will obtain single ripple again.
Have now the warning system of part based on pyroelectric infrared sensor, but they are responded to all movement humans of invading in reconnaissance range, cannot Intelligent Recognition, rate of false alarm is higher, because pyroelectric infrared sensor is that the temperature difference by target and background detects target, to human body static after moving, cannot respond to.
The advantage of comparing other detection based on pyroelectric sensor motion detection be its only detect from human body, send to the infrared radiation of long wave, its wavelength is that from 8 to 14 microns and peak value are at 9.55 microns, so human body situation of movement in real time, and can get rid of the interference [11] of other animals or mobile object.
List of references
[1] Yu Haiyang. based on dynamically lower pyroelectric infrared sensor array location algorithm research [M], 2012.
[2] a Wu outstanding person, Lin Huaqing. the application [J] of pyroelectric infrared sensor in burglary-resisting system. sensor technology, 2002,21 (7): 47-48.
[3] Lu Ming, Wang Ping, Guo Yan. multi-circuitry Meat-releasing Infrared Sense-alarming Device [J]. microprocessor, 2006 (6): 107-113.
[4] Liu Shu's river in Henan Province, Shi Guoliang. the warning system based on pyroelectric infrared sensor [J]. external electronic devices and components, 2005 (3): 18-20.
[5] Xu Kebao, Cao builds, and unit learns wide, etc. a kind of research of high sensitivity autonomous sampling pyroelectric infrared sensor [J]. Chinese journal of scientific instrument, 2006,27 (12): 1742-1745.
[6] Lu Shang Ping, Wang Haibo, Wei Jinzhong. the burglar alarm design [J] based on rpyroelectric infrared detection technique. enterprise technology exploitation, 2009,28 (3): 47-50.
[7] Wang Songde, Zhao Yan. infrared acquisition wireless remote control digital display guard against theft and alarm system [J]. spectroscopy and spectral analysis, 2009 (3): 858-861.
[8] Cheng Weidong, Dong Yonggui. utilize pyroelectric infrared sensor to survey human body motion feature [J]. Chinese journal of scientific instrument, 2008,29 (5): 1020-1023.
[9] LEE S，HA K N.A pyroelectric infrared sensor-based in-door location-aware system for the smart home[J].IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics，2006，52(4):1311-1317.
[10] J.S.Fang,Q.Hao,D.J.Brady,D.D.Guenther,K.Y.Hsu“Real-time human identification using a pyroelectric infrared detector array and hidden Markov models”,Optics Express,Vol.14,Issue15,2006,pp.6643-6658.
[11] P.Zappi,E.Farella,L.Benini,“ENHANCING THE SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF PRESENCE DETECTION IN A PIR BASED WIRELESS SURVEILLANCE NETWORK[C]”in proc,1th Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance.London,Sept.2007:295 300
Existing human body counting assembly includes video speed counter, cold infrared two-way emission type counter, and thermal infrared counter, its deficiency is:
1, video counter: the stream of people. counting algorithm is ripe, and processing speed is common, but expensive, distinguishes into and out of algorithm complexity, and real-time is poor.Mounting condition is limited
2, cold infrared two-way emission type counter: popularization is high, simple to operate, can judge into and go out, and real-time is good, but need a transmitter and a receiver, can not distinguish people and thing, installation environment requires high.
3, thermal infrared counter: can count stream of people's number, real-time is better, installation aspect, but can not judge the stream of people's direction.Need to load in addition other sensor judgement direction, operation more complicated, price is more expensive.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is provides a kind of human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology for prior art two, to human body flow is accurately gathered, and human body direction of the traffic is identified accurately.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Plant the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology, comprise front-end collection module and data processing transport module, described front-end collection module includes information modulation cover, Fresnel Lenses, pyroelectric sensor, filtering and amplifying circuit; Described data processing transport module includes data processing circuit, data display circuit, wireless transmission circuit, wire transmission circuit, power circuit.Described information modulation cover is arranged on Fresnel Lenses, described information modulation cover, can adjust the thermal infrared amount of incident of human body, described Fresnel Lenses is arranged on pyroelectric sensor, described Fresnel Lenses has increase distance of reaction and produces the induction region that light and shade replaces, described pyroelectric sensor is connected the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy signal output part of induction with described filtering and amplifying circuit, described filtering and amplifying circuit output terminal is connected with the input end of data processing circuit in described data processing transport module, to the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information of described front-end collection module collection is processed, described data processing circuit is connected with described data display circuit and shows the result after data processing respectively, be connected with described wireless transmission circuit, result after data processing is transferred to receiving end by wireless channel, described data storage circuitry is connected with data processing circuit, for storing the data that data processing circuit is handled, described power circuit is powered to all circuit, also can guarantee the in the situation that of power-off, to support a couple of days to power to all circuit.It is characterized in that: described front end data acquisition module, can quantitatively obtain Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information, compared with prior art, the present invention can improve the accuracy of human body counting, reduce the complexity of calculating, use single equipment just can carry out real-time judge to the direction of human motion simultaneously.
Above-mentioned signal modulation is covered with and one-man's body heat infrared energy input hole, and Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy intake can be controlled in this hole, and can adjust waveform and the wave number that is input to pyroelectric sensor induction, thereby reduces the complexity of data processing.
Above-mentioned data processing circuit includes a D/A converting circuit and a micro controller circuit, the input end of this D/A converting circuit is connected with the output terminal of the filtering and amplifying circuit of front-end collection module, the output terminal of D/A converting circuit is connected with the input end of micro controller circuit, front-end collection module just can be separated with D/A converting circuit like this, make to gather convenient, when front end acquisition module breaks down, can simply change and repair operation.
Above-mentioned signal modulation is covered with and one-man's body heat infrared energy input hole, and Fresnel Lenses is the shape of a hoof, Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy intake can be controlled in this hole, the induction zone that the induction range of pyroelectric sensor shown in described shape of a hoof Fresnel Lenses can increase, formation light and shade replace, coordinates them the infrared waveform of Studies of Human Body Heat and the wave number that can determine that pyroelectric sensor gathers.
Above-mentioned wire communication circuit includes serial port module and ethernet module, and the micro controller circuit in above-mentioned data processing circuit has embedded WEB function, by serial port module or ethernet module, PC can revise the method for counting of human body counting assembly under online or off-line state.Serial port module and ethernet module can transmit the computational data in micro controller circuit simultaneously.
Above-mentioned radio communication circuit can carry out networking with other human body counting assembly that has radio communication circuit.Form Star Network, network center carries out real-time statistics and monitoring by the data in Star Network.
Above-mentioned power circuit includes battery place in circuit and exterior power supply place in circuit, power circuit output end is connected with the power input of other circuit, when the electric energy of human body counting assembly necessity is provided, when there is no exterior power supply input, battery circuit also can offer the work capacity that this device is supported the long period.
The Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information that front-end collection module gathers, D/A converting circuit in data processing circuit, the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information of single sinusoidal wave is transferred to micro controller circuit, by the embedded calculus of differences mechanism of micro controller circuit, if calculus of differences result surpasses the threshold value first setting, can be judged as human body target moves at surveyed area, then judge the symbol of this calculus of differences result, if operation result is for just, judgement enters surveyed area, if operation result, for negative, is judged as out surveyed area.Within a period of time, can calculate the number of detection zone of coming in and going out, and be stored in micro controller circuit.Meanwhile, can in data display circuit, carry out showing in real time the number situation of the detection zone of coming in and going out.If needed, can, by the data of the detection zone of coming in and going out by wireless transmission circuit and wire transmission circuit, be transferred to other-end.
From detection technique, the present invention adopts special hardware configuration to obtain accuracy, high efficiency and the real-time of human body thermal infrared information.
The present invention compared with prior art has advantages of following main:
1. existing human body pyroelectricity induction technology only has on-off action, when there being people to trigger induction module through induction region, for example then triggers other-end, electric light, warning horn etc.And the present invention can judge the direction of human body target, according to the direction of human motion, trigger electric light, the terminals such as alarm.
2. existing human counter technology can only be added up people's fluxion, if the statistics stream of people's direction, needs to load in addition the sensor of other types, and the present invention is in statistics stream of people quantity, the direction that also can add up the stream of people.
3. existing human counter technology does not design man-machine interactive system, and the present invention has designed man-machine interaction, can arrange detection number is limited and the number into and out of surveyed area is limited according to client's requirement.
In a word, the state that the present invention can the real-time statistics stream of people, and cost performance is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is front-end collection module principle block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is data processing transport module theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is signal modulation cover front view of the present invention (following the tracks of aperture front elevation).
Fig. 4 is signal modulation cover vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is front-end collection modular circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is data processing transport module circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is flow chart of data processing figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Human body counting assembly of the present invention includes front-end collection module 1 and data processing transport module 2, and as shown in Figure 1, front-end collection module includes signal modulation cover 11, Fresnel Lenses 12, pyroelectric sensor 13, filtering and amplifying circuit 14.As shown in Figure 2, data processing transport module 2 includes data processing circuit 26, data storage circuitry 25, data display circuit 22, wireless transmission circuit 24, wire transmission circuit 23, power circuit 21.As shown in Figure 3, at signal modulation cover middle part, dig a wide 1.5mm, the hole of long 27mm, the effect in this hole is in order to limit the intake of Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy, by this hole, can obtain a complete sinusoidal wave.Signal modulation cover is converted into the circular arc that radius is 16mm simultaneously, by this circular arc, 8202-6 type Fresnel Lenses can be fixed, this Fresnel Lenses is divided into two parts, the eyeglass area of the first half is large, negligible amounts is mainly collected the thermal infrared information of upper half of human body, the eyeglass area of the latter half is less, the thermal infrared information of the more main collection human body lower part of the body of quantity, so the thermal infrared information that is less than the lower part of the body due to the thermal infrared information of the upper part of the body of human body is selected this type Fresnel Lenses.
Filtering and amplifying circuit 14 of the present invention is mainly comprised of TL082D cake core, this chip pin 5 is connected with the pin 2 of pyroelectric sensor 13, induced electricity pressure reduction to pyroelectric sensor carries out two-stage amplification, this chip carries out filtering to the information of amplifying simultaneously, the voltage that 14 pairs of filtering and amplifying circuits input to pyroelectric sensor 13 carries out noise reduction, filter out noise, will effectively improve computational accuracy and the complexity of data processing transport module simultaneously.
Data processing transport module 2 of the present invention comprises STM32 microprocessor, STM32 microprocessor adopts Cortx-M7ARM kernel, frequency of operation is up to 72MHz, data-handling capacity is strong, performance is outstanding, this processor has also embedded WEB system, and man-machine interactive platform is provided, and demand and actual environment arrange more to make human body detection device.The capacitance network adopting has carried out filtering and noise reduction to circuit.
In wireless transmission circuit, adopt SI4432 chip, pin SDO, the SDI of SI4432 chip and the PB14 in STM32 microprocessor, PB15 pin is connected and spreads out of as importing into of numerical data;
In wire transmission circuit, adopt MAX232 chip, PA9 in MAX232 chip T1IN pin and R1OUT pin and STM32 microprocessor, PA10 pin is connected as the serial transmission passage of pyroelectricity data, and these data will be transferred to other terminal, and data sampling is provided.
In the circuit of wire transmission simultaneously, adopt Ethernet DM9000A chip, it has low-power consumption and high-performance Ethernet DM9000A chip, its pin SD0-SD15 is connected with the corresponding pin of micro controller, and utilizes UIP to communicate by letter with STM32, can carry out exchanges data with the speed up to 10Mbps.
Display circuit adopts 12864-086 chip, the SDA pin of 12864-086 chip is connected and the result of calculation in micro controller can be shown on this display with the PC5 of micro controller, wherein CS pin is connected with the PA3 of micro controller, control LCD LCD panel and select, CD pin is connected and is controlling LCD data command with the PB1 of micro controller.
Described pyroelectric sensor is D205B pyroelectric sensor, and this sensor can obtain the thermal infrared information at human body radiation place.
Described modulation cover is aluminum material or plastic material, on the long 108mm of this signal modulation cover, on wide 30mm, open wide 1.5-2.0mm, the hole of long 27mm, as shown in Figure 1, the effect in this hole is in order to limit the thermal infrared energy of human body, and makes pyroelectric sensor only gather a directive sine wave.As shown in Figure 2, the front end of signal modulation cover is the excessive unit that a 16mm semicircle radian adds 8mm, and this structure is in order to meet the structural requirement of Fresnel Lenses.
Described Fresnel Lenses has adopted 8001-1 type Fresnel Lenses, this Fresnel is divided into two-layer, the unit number on upper strata is few, the unit number of lower floor is many, while putting, what unit number was few one faces up, and what unit number was many one faces down, it can make detection range increase, and makes the waveform of induction more regular.
Pyroelectric sensor, signal modulation cover, Fresnel Lenses is put in sequence, before sensor, puts Fresnel Lenses, and then at Fresnel Lenses forward swing discharge signal modulation cover, and the center that guarantees them is all on a fiducial axis line.To guarantee to collect the regular of signal.
Described front-end collection modular circuit, by pyroelectric sensor, ADS1115 digital to analog converter, STM32F103VET6 microcontroller, DS1307 clock chip, 433M module, and the power package module that 78M05 and AMS1117 form forms.The principle of work of described front-end collection modular circuit is:
First: the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information that pyroelectric sensor collects is analog information, by digital to analog converter, simulating signal is converted to digital signal, then be transferred to micro controller, micro controller is carried out pre-service by signal, judge whether defeated this signal is human body target, and the direction of this signal, carry out cumulative sum storage computing simultaneously, and by operation result, by wireless module, carry out data transmission.
Second: lithium battery (power package module) is respectively to pyroelectric sensor, digital to analog converter, micro controller, wireless module is powered, and power supply is respectively 3.4v, 5v, 3.3v, 5v.
The the 3rd: clock module provides temporal information accurately to micro controller.
Described data processing transport module circuit is by DM9000A ethernet module, serial ports MAX3232 module, and 12864 LCD MODULE, STM32F103VET6 microcontroller, the power package module that clock chip and 78M05 and AMS1117 form forms.The principle of work of data processing transport module circuit is:
The Studies of Human Body Heat infrared data gathering by front-end collection module, through micro controller pre-service, can pass through the result of processing, and Ethernet carries out data transmission and man-machine interaction, uses PC to arrange being embedded into the WEB of micro controller; The data that serial port module can be processed micro controller, are transferred to other-end, and carry out data exchange by this module and other-end; While micro controller also can transfer data to liquid crystal display by I2C interface and show, shows into and out of both direction number, time, part attribute and total number.
The flow chart of data processing of described front-end collection module is:
The first step: micro controller reads in real time, through digital to analog converter, the pyroelectricity digital voltage data reading frequency after changing is 100;
Second step: when detecting somatic data, get magnitude of voltage front and back 50 units and carry out calculus of differences, a threshold value is set simultaneously, difference result is compared with the threshold value arranging in real time.
The 3rd step: when real time differential end value surpasses threshold value, will be judged as people's process, will not be judged as no one's process if surpass this threshold value, and continue inquiry.
The 4th step: when calculating someone and exist, the moving direction of the processing judgement human body target by symbol in Difference Calculation process.
The 5th step: the number of statistics turnover surveyed area human body turnover, distinguish the number into surveyed area simultaneously, and go out the number of surveyed area.
The flow chart of data processing of described data processing transport module is:
The first step: the somatic data attribute gathering in data acquisition module is stored, and attribute comprises: enter surveyed area, go out surveyed area, into and out of the number of surveyed area;
Second step: number attribute transfer is shown to LCDs, and can pass through Ethernet as required, serial port module and wireless way for transmitting are to the receiving terminal of appointment simultaneously.
The 3rd step: if revise WEB in micro controller, can carry out man-machine interaction through Ethernet.
The 4th step: according to the condition of time restriction, the various data to number in certain scope are reseted.
The embedded web of described micro controller interface is for setup and use scope and service condition, when surveyed area needs setup times as restrictive condition, can by restriction number into and out of binding with the time, so just can meet the demand in certain place.Threshold value and accuracy rating under varying environment can be set simultaneously, like this can better be under varying environment, the actual sensed accuracy of pyroelectric sensor.IP address setting unit can meet large-scale network-estabilishing condition.
The content not being described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology, comprises front-end collection module and data processing transport module, and described front-end collection module includes information modulation cover, Fresnel Lenses, type pyroelectric sensor, filtering and amplifying circuit, described data processing transport module includes data processing circuit, data display circuit, data storage circuitry, wireless transmission circuit, wire transmission circuit, power circuit, it is characterized in that: described information modulation cover is arranged on Fresnel Lenses, described information modulation cover, adjust the thermal infrared amount of incident of human body, described Fresnel Lenses is arranged on pyroelectric sensor, described Fresnel Lenses has increase distance of reaction and produces the induction region that light and shade replaces, described pyroelectric sensor is connected the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy signal output part of induction with described filtering and amplifying circuit, described filtering and amplifying circuit output terminal is connected with the input end of data processing circuit in described data processing transport module, to the Studies of Human Body Heat infrared information of described front-end collection module collection is processed, described data processing circuit is connected with described data display circuit and shows the result after data processing respectively, be connected with described wireless transmission circuit, result after data processing is transferred to receiving end by wireless channel, be connected with described wire transmission circuit, result after data processing is transferred to other receiving end by wire message way, described data storage circuitry is connected with data processing circuit, for storing the data that data processing circuit is handled, described power circuit is powered to all circuit, also can guarantee the in the situation that of power-off, to support a couple of days to power to all circuit.
2. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal modulation cover is provided with a Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy input hole, Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy intake can be controlled in this hole, reduces the complexity of data processing.
3. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Fresnel Lenses is the shape of a hoof, for increasing shown in pyroelectric sensor induction range, form the induction zone that light and shade replaces and can optimize Studies of Human Body Heat infrared energy intake.
4. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data processing circuit includes a D/A converting circuit and a micro controller circuit, the input end of this D/A converting circuit is connected with the output terminal of the filtering and amplifying circuit of front-end collection module, and the output terminal of D/A converting circuit is connected with the input end of micro controller circuit.
5. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described micro controller circuit, embed WEB function, this function can be revised the method that human body calculates.
6. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described radio communication circuit can carry out networking with other human body counting assembly that has radio communication circuit.
7. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wire communication circuit includes serial port module and ethernet module.The data transmission that front-end collection module can be gathered by serial port module is to other-end, and ethernet module can carry out alternately, revising the data of web in micro controller with PC.
8. the human body counting assembly based on pyroelectricity technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power circuit includes battery place in circuit and exterior power supply place in circuit, power circuit output end is connected with the power input of other circuit, when the electric energy of human body counting assembly necessity is provided, when there is no exterior power supply input, power circuit also can offer the work capacity that this device is supported the long period.
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| CN105890770A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Human body state detection device based on pyroelectric technology |
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