CN104166202B - A kind of high-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104166202B CN104166202B CN201410442167.3A CN201410442167A CN104166202B CN 104166202 B CN104166202 B CN 104166202B CN 201410442167 A CN201410442167 A CN 201410442167A CN 104166202 B CN104166202 B CN 104166202B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-performance flexible type to drag and make optical cable; aramid fiber strengthening core is externally provided with protective polyurethane layer; multiple fiber unit is comprised between protective polyurethane layer and polyurethane sheath; each fiber unit is externally provided with polyurethane serving; being cased with dacron thread braid and polyurethane oversheath outside polyurethane sheath successively, fiber unit is made up of Loose tube, aramid fiber yarn packed layer and optical fiber the most successively.Its preparation method comprise the steps: prefabricated rods → wire drawing → secondary coating → optical fiber aramid fiber yarn stranded → Loose tube extrusion → stranding → inner sheath extrudes → weaves enhancement Layer → oversheath extrusion → product inspection → packaging warehouse-in.The present invention is by structure reasonable in design and formulates rational processing technology, not only ensure that the property of optical signal transmission is optimum, moreover it is possible to ensure that the bending property of cable, tensile property, resistance to twisting property, improve the service life of cable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to harbour machinery field, be specifically related to a kind of high-performance flexible type and drag and make optical cable and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
High-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable is that open air is laid, and usually can use in harsh environments, such as: chronic sun exposure
Drench with rain, the erosion of the natural conditions such as day at sudden and violent night is cold, frost and snow frost, ultraviolet, ozone, hydraulic performance decline than comparatively fast, service life ratio
Shorter.
High-performance flexible type drags during making fiber optic cable use, and in the case of ensureing that transmission optical signal is good, cable must
The rich fatigue of stretching resistance, torsion and song must be born, cause insulation and sheath material hydraulic performance decline very fast, optical signal transmission service life
Comparatively short.
High-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable higher to sheath material requirement, no matter the tensile strength of cable, lower temperature resistance
Energy, ageing-resistant performance, UV resistant etc. performance is the most poor.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of high-performance flexible type and drags and make optical cable
And preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme: a kind of high-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable, including aramid fiber strengthening core, protective polyurethane layer, polyurethane
Serving, fiber unit, polyurethane sheath, dacron thread braid, polyurethane oversheath, Loose tube, aramid fiber yarn packed layer and
Optical fiber, aramid fiber strengthening core is externally provided with protective polyurethane layer, comprises multiple optical fiber between protective polyurethane layer and polyurethane sheath
Unit, each fiber unit is externally provided with polyurethane serving, is cased with dacron thread braid and poly-ammonia outside polyurethane sheath successively
Ester oversheath, described fiber unit is made up of Loose tube, aramid fiber yarn packed layer and optical fiber the most successively.
As optimization: described Loose tube is high performance polyurethane.
As optimization: described fiber unit is the multimode silica having coat.
A kind of high-performance flexible type drags the preparation method making optical cable, comprises the steps: that prefabricated rods → wire drawing → secondary is coated with
Cover → optical fiber aramid fiber yarn is stranded → Loose tube extrusion → stranding → inner sheath extrudes → weaves enhancement Layer → oversheath extrusion → become
Warehouse-in is tested → is packed in product examine.
As optimization: described prefabricated rods passes through high speed wiredrawing bench, is drawn into by optical wand and needs the optical fiber of size.
As optimization: the optical fiber surface extrusion low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin of described shaping, as clad, extrudes this layer low cigarette
The screw compression that halogen-free polyolefin uses ratio is for 1.5:1, draw ratio 25:1.
As optimization: the Loose tube material of described extrusion is PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), before use,
Processing 1 ~ 2h in the drying hopper of 120 DEG C, preventing making extrusion envelope in process has bubble situation to produce, afterwards, and cooling
Tank uses three-stage cooling, and one section of water temperature is 60 DEG C, and two sections of water temperatures are 55 DEG C, and three sections is 30 DEG C.
As optimization: described braiding enhancement Layer, it should be noted that the control of angle of weave, ensureing that braiding is close by mechanical analysis
In the case of degree, adjusting pitch and change angle of weave, the general angle of weave that adjusts is 40 ~ 50 degree, can improve tension very well
Stretch ability；Using active tension controller, tension force controls at 160N, makes high tenacity polyester fiber silk be not easy broken string when braiding；Adopt
With 4 doubling radicals, the density making high tenacity polyester fiber silk is suitable, thus the adhesive between protecting in ensure that and protecting outward, play
Humidification.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is applicable to the application scenario having high mechanical stress, mainly applies shore container crane
Or dragging of track type container gantry crane makes in system.By selecting special urethane sheath material to drag as high-performance
Make cable jacket, appropriate design drag make cable configuration and formulate suitable processing technology, solve to drag and make optical cable in normal work
Every signal transmission issues under environment (environment temperature-40 DEG C--80 DEG C), solves to drag and makes the optical cable long-term mobile status lower longevity
The problem that life declines, by oversheath braiding enhancement Layer structure in design, improves cable stretch-proof in use, anti-
Torsion capacity, extends the service life of cable, and theoretical this cable design service life that calculates can reach 10 years.Become domestic neck
First level；There is good practical value and promotional value.
Existing drag that to make optical cable generally use the life-span comparatively short；The technology of the present invention is by structure reasonable in design and formulates rationally
Processing technology, not only ensure that the property of optical signal transmission is optimum, moreover it is possible to ensure that the bending property of cable, tensile property, resistance to
Twisting property, improves the service life of cable；These are improved and include being twisted together optical fiber by parallel with aramid fiber yarn, will
Aramid fiber yarn is transferred in part of the force, and protection optical fiber does not in use stress, and cabling device changes to actively unwrapping wire design,
All optical fiber loose tube structures are stranded in around packing with the lay ratio of no more than 8 times, it is ensured that overall cabling structure has well
Flexibility, select jacket structure be sheath+dacron thread+outer jacket, the form that protection multilayer structure combines, improve optical fiber
In use resist the ability of various external force risk, even if optical cable is often dragging, the occasion of bending, moreover it is possible to ensure that optical fiber has
Good fade performance.
By selecting high performance polyurethane sheath material, make cable possessed good UV resistant, oil resistant, low temperature resistant,
The performance such as wear-resisting, improves the serviceability of cable, improves the life-span of cable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the preparation method schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of high-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable, including aramid fiber strengthening core 1, protective polyurethane layer 2, poly-ammonia
Ester serving 3, fiber unit 4, polyurethane sheath 5, dacron thread braid 6, polyurethane oversheath 7, Loose tube 8, aramid fiber yarn
Packed layer 9 and optical fiber 10, aramid fiber strengthening core 1 be externally provided with protective polyurethane layer 2, protective polyurethane layer 2 and polyurethane sheath 5 it
Between comprise multiple fiber unit 4, each fiber unit 4 is externally provided with polyurethane serving 3, and polyurethane sheath 5 is outer to be cased with successively
Dacron thread braid 6 and polyurethane oversheath 7, described fiber unit 4 is the most successively by Loose tube 8, aramid fiber yarn packed layer 9
Form with optical fiber 10.Loose tube 8 is high performance polyurethane.Fiber unit 4 is the multimode silica having coat.
A kind of high-performance flexible type drags the preparation method making optical cable, comprises the steps: that prefabricated rods → wire drawing → secondary is coated with
Cover → optical fiber aramid fiber yarn is stranded → Loose tube extrusion → stranding → inner sheath extrudes → weaves enhancement Layer → oversheath extrusion → become
Warehouse-in is tested → is packed in product examine.
Described prefabricated rods passes through high speed wiredrawing bench, is drawn into by optical wand and needs the optical fiber of size, and optical fiber parameter value is arranged sees
Table 1.
Table 1 optical fiber parameter value
Its SMIS/cald concentricity error, non-circularity of cladding, non circularity of core are the principal elements affecting optical fiber attenuation, because of
This is in actual production process, the prefabricated rods to be paid close attention to placement location in wire-drawing equipment, it is impossible to occur, and selects to close
Suitable wire drawing die is then to ensure that fibre external diameters meets the key of optical signal refraction transmission.
The optical fiber surface of shaping extrudes one layer of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin as clad, protection optical fiber not by environmental damage,
Extrude screw compression that this layer of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin use ratio for 1.5:1, draw ratio 25:1, it is ensured that material is moulded at machine barrel
By less shearing force during change, prevent from causing material to burn because temperature is too high and then affecting tensile strength and extension at break
Rate.
The Loose tube material of extrusion is PBT (polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)), and PBT material has certain water imbibition
Can, before use, 1 ~ 2h to be processed in the drying hopper of 120 DEG C, preventing making extrusion envelope in process has bubble situation
Produce.PBT material is also crystalline materials, and general processing temperature controls between 200 ~ 245 DEG C, by controlling the temperature of tank
Degree, controls crystallization, reduces finished product rear sleeve and shrinks, reduces excess fiber length.We use three through multiple authentication, bosh
Section cooling, one section of water temperature is 60 DEG C, and two sections of water temperatures are 55 DEG C, and three sections is 30 DEG C, can well reduce the retraction of material, it is ensured that
Excess fiber length after sleeve pipe.
In order to ensure that optical cable has more preferable bending property, we by Loose tube and aramid fiber strengthening core with not less than 8 times
Lay ratio is regular to be twisted together, and cable core can be made to have more small-bend radius on the whole, is more suitable for the field dragged back and forth at harbour
Close and use.
Restrictive coating uses polyurethane material, has good wear-resisting, tensile property.The polyurethane equally easily moisture absorption, is using
To think highly of heating 85 DEG C at desiccant dehumidification, to dry 3h, extrusion performance can be ensured very well.After melting, viscosity is big, meeting for polyurethane
Presenting as flowing water shape, temperature is too high, material meeting premature decomposition, and extrusion outward appearance has minute bubbles, and temperature is too low, and plasticizing is incomplete,
Surface is the brightest, and possible intensity can not reach index request.The each district temperature of extruder controlled well is crucial, and we are through repeatedly
Demonstration, the optimal temperature in each district controls to be shown in Table 2
Table 2 extruder best temperature control table
| Warm area | Screw rod one district | Screw rod two district | Screw rod three district | Screw rod four district | Flange | Head | Die sleeve |
| Temperature (DEG C) | 160 | 170 | 180 | 180 | 190 | 185 | 180 |
Braiding enhancement Layer operation, it should be noted that the control of angle of weave, by mechanical analysis in the situation ensureing count
Under, adjusting pitch and change angle of weave, the general angle of weave that adjusts is 40 ~ 50 degree, can improve tensile resistance very well.Adopt
Using active tension controller, tension force controls at 160N, makes high tenacity polyester fiber silk be not easy broken string when braiding；Use 4 doublings
Radical, the density making high tenacity polyester fiber silk is suitable, thus the adhesive between protecting in ensure that and protecting outward, serve enhancing and make
With.
Fiber unit is preferably made up of the silica optical fiber of coat with by similar.In order to ensure the physical dimension of optical fiber:
Core/cald concentricity error, non-circularity of cladding, non circularity of core etc. are most like, should use same design, identical material with batch product
The optical fiber manufactured with same process；Optical fiber is product easy to break, and in order to ensure the service life of cable, optical fiber to be ensured exists
Security during use, cable entirety flexibility to be improved and bendability, the design of light cellular construction largely determines
Such performance；We select, and optical fiber is parallel with aramid fiber yarn to be twisted together, and on the one hand the tensile strength of aramid fiber yarn is very big, permissible
Ensureing when there being pulling force, have aramid fiber to bear external tension, on the other hand aramid fiber is included in around optical fiber, it is ensured that light list
It is injury-free that unit is clashed into by the external world.
Loose tube, fiber unit serving use insulating materials: high performance polyurethane, performance requirement is: temperature resistant grade must
So must can bear the change of day and night temperature, also be able to the winter of the summer in heat and severe cold simultaneously between-40 DEG C～90 DEG C
It uses；
Good electric property and excellent mechanical and physical performance；With general elastomeric material ratio, density is less, and weight is more
Gently, bending property is more preferable.
Stranded about cable core, the bending property of cable there is is important effect, typically requires stranding lay ratio little 8
Times, use regular stranded, to ensure cable integrally bending performance and internal stress even action.
Extrude polyurethane outside employing aramid fiber yarn in the middle of core to be filled with；Aramid fiber yarn tensile strength is big, after extruding polyurethane
Optical cable main stress core can be made as dragging, improve and drag the tensile strength making optical cable.
The material of sheath: selecting high performance polyurethane sheath material, performance requirement is: temperature resistant grade must at-40 DEG C～
Between 90 DEG C, so can bear the change of day and night temperature, also be able to use in the summer of heat and the winter of severe cold simultaneously；Have
Good UV resistant and ozone resistance, so can guarantee that under chronic sun exposure environment, sheath will not quick aging, improve electricity
The service life of cable；Possesses good wet-hot aging performance；Possess excellent anti-wear performance and good mechanical and physical performance.
Braiding enhancement Layer material be: high tenacity polyester fiber silk, for improve whole cable tensile strength, we interior protect with
Designing one layer of dacron thread braiding enhancement Layer between protecting outward, the tensile strength of dacron thread is bigger, calculates according to theory and product is actual
Service condition, selecting count is 30%, both can not increase external diameter, can ensure that again the tractive force of needs, can eliminate
Or reduce the cable stress when movement or twisting states, improve the service life of cable.
Core cabling process is formulated: the bending property overall in order to ensure cable, We conducted test, saves warp the most at last
Ratio is scheduled on no more than 8 times.In order to ensure optical fiber uniform force on the whole, all of optical fiber loose tube structure is filled out in being all centered around
Fill around bar, with joint through twisting together than no more than 8 times surely.
High-performance flexible type drags and makes cable jacket processing technology be established as improving inner sheath, braid and the one of oversheath
Property, protect in selecting tubular molding tool extrusion, be so possible not only to improve production efficiency, it is also possible to after making stranding, between core, have one
Fixed gap, when improving stress, each optical fiber loose tube replys origin-location ability, extra-high bending property, is woven by dacron thread
And oversheath combines form, improve overall tensile property.
Braiding strengthen operation be improve sheath tensile strength, interior protect and protect outward between design one layer braiding enhancement Layer, material
Material uses high tenacity polyester fiber silk, and this material does not has great elasticity when braiding, and has pressure when this material is woven on line
Flat trend, to bringing many troubles in our actual production process；Observed by our tracking, use suitable tension force control
System, makes high tenacity polyester fiber silk be not easy broken string when braiding；Use suitable doubling radical, make the density of high tenacity polyester fiber silk close
Suitable, thus the adhesive between protecting in ensure that and protecting outward, serve humidification.
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to do
Going out some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention is applicable to the application scenario having high mechanical stress, main application shore container crane or rail mounted collection
Dragging of gantry crane of vanning makes in system.Optical cable is made to protect by selecting special urethane sheath material to drag as high-performance
Set, appropriate design drags and makes cable configuration and formulate suitable processing technology, solves to drag and makes optical cable under normal operation circumstances
Every signal transmission issues (environment temperature-40 DEG C--80 DEG C), solves to drag and makes the optical cable long-term mobile status lower life-span decline
Problem, by oversheath braiding enhancement Layer structure in design, improves cable stretch-proof in use, anti-torsion energy
Power, extends the service life of cable, and theoretical this cable design service life that calculates can reach 10 years.Become domestically leading water
Flat；There is good practical value and promotional value.
Existing drag that to make optical cable generally use the life-span comparatively short；The technology of the present invention is by structure reasonable in design and formulates rationally
Processing technology, not only ensure that the property of optical signal transmission is optimum, moreover it is possible to ensure that the bending property of cable, tensile property, resistance to
Twisting property, improves the service life of cable；These are improved and include being twisted together optical fiber by parallel with aramid fiber yarn, will
Aramid fiber yarn is transferred in part of the force, and protection optical fiber does not in use stress, and cabling device changes to actively unwrapping wire design,
All optical fiber loose tube structures are stranded in around packing with the lay ratio of no more than 8 times, it is ensured that overall cabling structure has well
Flexibility, select jacket structure be sheath+dacron thread+outer jacket, the form that protection multilayer structure combines, improve optical fiber
In use resist the ability of various external force risk, even if optical cable is often dragging, the occasion of bending, moreover it is possible to ensure that optical fiber has
Good fade performance.
By selecting high performance polyurethane sheath material, make cable possessed good UV resistant, oil resistant, low temperature resistant,
The performance such as wear-resisting, improves the serviceability of cable, improves the life-span of cable.
Claims (1)
1. a high-performance flexible type drags and makes optical cable, it is characterised in that: include aramid fiber strengthening core (1), protective polyurethane layer (2),
Polyurethane serving (3), fiber unit (4), polyurethane sheath (5), dacron thread braid (6), polyurethane oversheath (7),
Loose tube (8), aramid fiber yarn packed layer (9) and optical fiber (10), described aramid fiber strengthening core (1) is externally provided with protective polyurethane layer (2), institute
State and between protective polyurethane layer (2) and polyurethane sheath (5), comprise multiple fiber unit (4), each fiber unit (4) peripheral hardware
Polyurethane serving (3), described polyurethane sheath (5) is had to be cased with dacron thread braid (6) and polyurethane oversheath the most successively
(7), described fiber unit (4) is made up of Loose tube (8), aramid fiber yarn packed layer (9) and optical fiber (10) the most successively；
Described Loose tube (8) is high performance polyurethane；
Described fiber unit (4) is the multimode silica having coat；
Described high-performance flexible type drags the preparation method making optical cable, comprise the steps: prefabricated rods → wire drawing → secondary coating →
Optical fiber aramid fiber yarn is stranded → and Loose tube extrusion → stranding → inner sheath extrudes → weaves enhancement Layer → oversheath and extrude → become product examine
Test → pack warehouse-in；
Described prefabricated rods passes through high speed wiredrawing bench, is drawn into by optical wand and needs the optical fiber of size；
The optical fiber surface extrusion low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin of described shaping, as clad, is extruded this layer of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin and is used
Screw compression than for 1.5:1, draw ratio 25:1；
The Loose tube material of described extrusion is PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), before use, and be the drying of 120 DEG C
Processing 1～2h in hopper, preventing making extrusion envelope in process has bubble situation to produce, and afterwards, bosh uses three sections
Cooling, one section of water temperature is 60 DEG C, and two sections of water temperatures are 55 DEG C, and three sections is 30 DEG C；
Described braiding enhancement Layer, it should be noted that the control of angle of weave, by mechanical analysis in the case of ensureing count, adjusts
Diameter pitch changes angle of weave, and the general angle of weave that adjusts is 40～50 degree, can improve tensile resistance very well；Use main
Dynamic tension controller, tension force controls at 160N, makes high tenacity polyester fiber silk be not easy broken string when braiding；Use 4 doubling radicals,
The density making high tenacity polyester fiber silk is suitable, thus the adhesive between protecting in ensure that and protecting outward, serve humidification.
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| CN108008509A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2018-05-08 | 沈群华 | Remote radio head optical cable, cable and optoelectronic composite cable are used in communication |
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| CN108614337A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江龙鹰光电科技有限公司 | A kind of high-flexibility two-layer equation optical cable |
| CN115793168A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-03-14 | 安徽雷彻科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing optical fiber conduit containing cladding optical fiber |
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