CN104163934A - Preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge Download PDFInfo
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- CN104163934A CN104163934A CN201410363207.5A CN201410363207A CN104163934A CN 104163934 A CN104163934 A CN 104163934A CN 201410363207 A CN201410363207 A CN 201410363207A CN 104163934 A CN104163934 A CN 104163934A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge. The method comprises the steps: taking polymer foams, placing in a heating furnace, under the protection of inert gas, heating up to 150-1000 DEG C, calcining for 0.2-10 h, and thus obtaining the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge. The porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtained by the method adsorbs oil, does not adsorb water, can adsorb the oil or organic matters which are hundreds of times heavier than the sponge, and has good toughness; and after the oil or organic matters are adsorbed, the adsorbed oil or organic matters can be removed through extrusion, distillation, burning and other methods, and thus the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge can be used repeatedly. The preparation method is simple, needs no complicated chemical reactions or material preparation processes, and has the advantages of convenient operation, good repeatability and easily industrialized implementation. The porous oil-adsorption sponge has the characteristics of large specific surface area, low density, good flexibility, hydrophobic oleophylic performance and the like, can be used for oil-water separation, and has good application prospects in the fields of wastewater treatment, adsorption of leaking crude oil or organic matters and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to function sorbing material preparing technical field, the preparation method of especially a kind of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic fast development, the transport of oil and organic reagent is also increased fast, this causes the seepage event of oil plant and organic chemicals frequently to occur.These seepage events usually cause serious environmental pollution and eco-catastrophe, also bring huge financial loss simultaneously.The method of effective this type of accident of processing is to adopt various sorbing materials, by the oil plant of seepage and organic chemicals absorption migration or recovery.Conventional sorbing material be natural inorganic mineral as zeolite, perlite, sepiolite etc., still, this type of mineral source is few, and is difficult for reclaiming and reuses.Another kind of conventional sorbing material is to utilize vegetable fibre, cotton wool goods etc., but their adsorptive capacity is little.This in the urgent need to develop a kind of economy easily, high adsorption capacity, the easy sorbing material that reclaims.
In addition,, in adsorption process, greatly improving adsorption selectivity, to carry out oily water separation also very necessary.Both adsorption efficiency can be improved, the recycling of oil plant or chemical can be realized again.Can design the special surface and interface of preparation from bill of material-interface angle, make material there is hydrophobicity and lipophilicity can reach this object simultaneously.Hydrophobicity makes the material can be by water-wet, and material does not absorb water.Lipophilicity feature makes material can adsorb oil plant or low polar organic compound.Utilize hydrophobic oil-wet behavior, can carry out efficient oil plant and organic selectivity and absorb, also can realize oily water separation.
The method of the hydrophobic lipophilicity material of preparation is relatively complicated at present, such as the material at some lipophilic-hydrophobic properties of nickel foam/sponge area load by electroless plating, then obtain through a series of processing such as surperficial micro-nano-scale, coarse structure and the modifications of low surface energy material.Process is quite numerous and diverse, and need to use various expensive reagent, is therefore difficult to large-scale application in actual industrial and life.Therefore exploring the preparation that a kind of simple and easy approach easily realizes high-performance sorbing material has important practical significance.
Foam of polymers is cheap, has superior flame retardant resistance, sound absorbing, the over-all properties such as thermostability and ageing resistance and good secondary workability.This product is widely used in track traffic at present, construction industry, and industrial heat preservation, dynamo-electric household electrical appliances, the vehicles, its scrap stock are applied to daily cleaning instrument.
The present invention, taking foam of polymers as starting material, has obtained porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge by easy chemical conversion, and this material has larger surface-area, and its density ratio is lower.Gained cavernous body can be processed into different shape easily; Can absorb tens to oil or the organism of hundred times own wt, by methods such as extruding, burning, distillations, can be by the oil of absorption or VOCs emission out, thus realize reusing and the recovery of chemical of sponge.
Summary of the invention
For Shortcomings in prior art, the invention provides a kind of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned technical purpose by following technique means.
A preparation method for porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge, is characterized in that carrying out in accordance with the following steps: get foam of polymers and be placed in process furnace, be warming up to 150 ~ 1000 DEG C under protection of inert gas, calcining 0.2 ~ 10 h, obtains porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge.
Foam of polymers of the present invention is melamine foams or polyurethane foam.
Rare gas element of the present invention is Ar, N
2or its two mixed gas, and whole reaction is all carried out under protection of inert gas.
Temperature rise rate of the present invention is 0.5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtaining is block shape, loose porous, has higher specific surface area.
2. the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtaining has extremely low apparent density.
3. the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtaining has super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic, can the selective adsorption water surface and oily material under water, and do not absorb water, leak the fields such as crude oil or organism in sewage disposal, absorption and there is good application prospect.The porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtaining has good toughness, can tolerate repeatedly extruding repeatedly.
4. the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge obtaining can absorb tens oil or organism to hundred times own wt, by methods such as extruding, burning, distillations, can be by the oil of absorption or VOCs emission out, thus realize reusing and the recovery of chemical of sponge.
5. operating procedure of the present invention is simple, reproducible, without liquid reagent and complex apparatus, is easy to industrializing implementation.Particularly, raw materials economy is easy to get.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 by the present invention the fritter sample photo of use foam of polymers and gained porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge product.
Fig. 2 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of the embodiment 1 porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge of preparing.
Fig. 3 is the porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge absorption water surface prepared of embodiment 1 and the photo of organic layer under water.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
Get a melamine foams in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, passing into N
2condition under calcine, rise to 300 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 3 DEG C/min, keep 0.5 h, naturally cooling after collection product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
The sponge of the porous hydrophobic oleophylic of preparing according to embodiment 1, through sem test (Fig. 2), can be found out the skeleton structure of sample, shows its vesicular structure.
The porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge absorption water surface of preparing according to embodiment 1 and the under water photo of organic layer (Fig. 3 a and b):
In a figure bottle, be water oil mixed phase, upper strata is yellow oil reservoir, and lower floor is water white water, during porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge is dropped into bottle, can see that this sponge alternative adsorbed upper strata oil completely, remains water white water;
In b figure bottle, be water oil mixed phase, upper strata is water white water, and lower floor is yellow oil reservoir, clamps porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge to a bottle end with tweezers, can see that this sponge optionally adsorbed lower floor's oil completely, remains water white water.
Experimental result shows the alternative adsorbed oil of this close and distant water oleophylic sponge, can realize the object of oily water separation.
Embodiment 2:
Get a polyurethane foam in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, under the condition that passes into Ar gas, calcine, rise to 150 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 30 DEG C/min, keep 10 h, naturally after cooling, collect product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
Embodiment 3:
Get a melamine foams in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, passing into N
2condition under calcine, rise to 400 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/min, keep 5 h, naturally cooling after collection product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
Embodiment 4:
Get a melamine foams in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, passing into N
2condition under calcine, rise to 500 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, keep 0.5 h, naturally cooling after collection product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
Embodiment 5:
Get a polyurethane foam in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, passing into N
2condition under calcine, rise to 800 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 3 DEG C/min, keep 1 h, naturally cooling after collection product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
Embodiment 6:
Get a melamine foams in porcelain boat, be positioned in process furnace, passing into N
2condition under calcine, rise to 1000 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 0.5 DEG C/min, keep 0.2 h, naturally cooling after collection product, can obtain porous spongy sample.
Described embodiment is preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; in the situation that not deviating from flesh and blood of the present invention, any apparent improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge, is characterized in that: carry out in accordance with the following steps: get foam of polymers sample and be placed in process furnace, be warming up to 150 ~ 1000 DEG C under protection of inert gas, calcining 0.2 ~ 10 h, obtains porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge.
2. the preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described foam of polymers is melamine foams or polyurethane foam.
3. the preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rare gas element is Ar, N2 or its two mixed gas, and whole reaction is all carried out under protection of inert gas.
4. the preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the speed of described intensification is 0.5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410363207.5A CN104163934A (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-07-29 | Preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge |
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| CN201410363207.5A CN104163934A (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-07-29 | Preparation method of porous hydrophobic oleophylic sponge |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104987528A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉工程大学 | Modification method of oleophylic and hydrophobic nano-sponge |
| CN106589282A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method and applications of Mg/Al/C fiber-polyurethane foamed material |
| CN107159129A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏大学 | An one-step preparation method and purposes for a kind of PDMS constructing super-drainages melamine sponge carbon material |
| CN107501586A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method and its usage of super-hydrophobic composite film material |
| CN113735288A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery and separation integrated treatment system for aquatic dangerous chemicals |
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| US4237237A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1980-12-02 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Hydrophobic polyurethane foams, their manufacture and use |
| CN102874792A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 江西师范大学 | Preparation method of novel carbon sponge |
| CN103342827A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of hydrophobic/lipophilic polyurethane sponge |
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2014
- 2014-07-29 CN CN201410363207.5A patent/CN104163934A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4237237A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1980-12-02 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Hydrophobic polyurethane foams, their manufacture and use |
| CN102874792A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 江西师范大学 | Preparation method of novel carbon sponge |
| CN103342827A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of hydrophobic/lipophilic polyurethane sponge |
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| 赵鑫等: ""泡沫炭的制备及应用"", 《林产化学与工业》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104987528A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉工程大学 | Modification method of oleophylic and hydrophobic nano-sponge |
| CN106589282A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method and applications of Mg/Al/C fiber-polyurethane foamed material |
| CN106589282B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-03-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of Mg/Al/C fiber-polyurethane foam material |
| CN107159129A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏大学 | An one-step preparation method and purposes for a kind of PDMS constructing super-drainages melamine sponge carbon material |
| CN107501586A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method and its usage of super-hydrophobic composite film material |
| CN113735288A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recovery and separation integrated treatment system for aquatic dangerous chemicals |
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