CN104159326A - Wireless vehicle detection sensing node and method of detecting vehicle thereby - Google Patents
Wireless vehicle detection sensing node and method of detecting vehicle thereby Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless vehicle detection sensing node and a method of detecting a vehicle thereby. The wireless vehicle detection sensing node comprises a geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, a controller MSP430F1611 and a 433MHz wireless transmitting and receiving module CC1101, wherein the controller MSP430F1611 is connected to the 433MHz wireless transmitting and receiving module CC1101 through an SPI interface and the geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 is connected to the controller MSP430F1611 through an I2C interface. According to the wireless vehicle detection sensing node and the method of detecting the vehicle thereby, a change of the vehicle can be directly observed by a monitoring person and can be viewed through combination with local time, the whole transmission adopts wireless transmission, the transmission is not affected by terrain, the deployment is simple, the transmission speed is quick and the efficiency is high, data can be dynamically displayed by software of an upper machine in real time, after the vehicle moves, the monitoring person can be timely informed, a worker timely carries out processing, meanwhile, a large amount of data can be stored in a database through the software, and a chart is generated for the worker to analyze the information, such as vehicle flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle monitoring field, be specifically related to a kind of method that wireless vehicle detects sensing node and detects vehicle.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, the continuous quickening of urbanization process, incident is that automobile on highway is more and more.Also make dredging with parking management problem of automobile increasingly severe.Making the perfect of vehicle detecting system and improving becomes an important problem.
The current system of passing through geomagnetism method monitor vehicle, mostly adopt magnetoresistive transducer (AMR), 2 axles that these are early stage or the geomagnetic sensor of 3 axles, precision is scarcely high, generally output is all analog signal, and also needing to build corresponding filter amplification circuit could normally work, and the collection of signal also needs analog to digital conversion circuit, its inside does not have digital IC, poor operability.
The radio sensing network of these systems, almost all adopt Zigbee protocol, a kind of important set net mode of the wireless sense network really of Zigbee agreement, now also very ripe, but under the application scenarios of this vehicle detection, but there are many inapplicable places, Zigbee agreement is very high for the requirement of hardware, bring great pressure to hardware cost, what want most is some the topological structure of Zigbee, and it needs some long-term equipment of powering, (Router, Coordinator), this brings great trouble to the enforcement of engineering.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless vehicle to detect the method for sensing node and detection vehicle thereof, solve existing vehicle detection and exist sitework enforcement, network easily to dispose complicated difficulty, the problem that the scope of application and scene are very limited.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of wireless vehicle detects sensing node, comprise geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, controller MSP430F1611 and 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101, described controller MSP430F1611 is connected with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, and described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 is connected with controller MSP430F1611 by I2C interface.
Further technical scheme is, the described controller MSP430F1611 specifically SPI clock line SCLK_RF (the P5.3 pin of controller MSP430F1611 is connected the SCLK pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101) that is connected with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, SPI master arrives from data wire SI_RF (the P5.1 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SI pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), SPI is to main data line SO_RF (the P5.2 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SO pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), SPI chip selection signal line CSN_RF (the P5.0 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the CSN pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), wireless data packet finishes receiving interrupt line GDO0 (the P1.1 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the GDO0 pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), the ready interrupt line GDO2 of radio frequency chip (the P1.4 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the GDO2 pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), the connection of power supply VCC and ground GND.
Further technical scheme is, be connected with controller MSP430F1611 by the I2C interface connection of specifically I2C clock line MAG_SCL (the P1.2 pin of controller MSP430F1611 is connected the SCL pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), I2C data wire MSG_SDA (the P1.3 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SDA pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), power supply VCC and ground GND of described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282.
Wireless vehicle claimed in claim 1 detects a method for sensing node detection vehicle, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, controller MSP430F1611 periodically controls locality magnetic signal data of geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, and data comprise X, Y, the each 14 bit data positions of Z tri-axle Geomagnetic signals; Data acquisition is to send acquisition by I2C interface to geomagnetic sensor by controller, after geomagnetic sensor takes orders, starts and gathers, and after data ready, returns to collection result by I2C interface to controller;
Step 2, controller MSP430F1611 carries out data packing operation so that follow-up wireless data sends after receiving the geomagnetism detecting data that geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 spreads out of, the final purpose address that geomagnetism detecting data wireless transmits is the aggregation node being connected with supervisory control comuter, if detection node is distant from aggregation node, directly wireless telecommunications, just must forward by other nodes, it is down hop (hop) destination node, when distant, need repeatedly forward and could arrive aggregation node, when the geomagnetism detecting data of three axles are added the corresponding data section in packet by controller MSP430F1611, form application layer data, then add network layer (NWK) header and MAC layer (MAC) header, the routing table of simultaneously safeguarding according to Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol is selected down hop (hop) destination node sending, insert node self address at NWK header, in MAC layer header, insert down hop (hop) destination node, form a complete message, controller MSP430F1611 goes out this packet wireless transmission by SPI interface control 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 after completing group package operation,
Step 3, controller MSP430F1611 periodically starts 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 inspection and has or not the wireless data packet of issuing oneself, if this node is not aggregation node, also need to find the address of next-hop node the destination address in mac header in new data packets more according to routing table, original message is transmitted to next-hop node again;
Step 4, as the wireless sensing node of aggregation node, the complete message receiving is transferred to and in supervisory control comuter, deposited in database by serial ports, USB mouth or network interface, and judge whether that according to historical data the geomagnetic data causing while having vehicle through geomagnetism detecting node changes, and then judge existence or the motion state of vehicle, and data show on computers the most at last.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can make monitoring personnel observe very intuitively the variation of vehicle, can also check this variation in conjunction with local zone time, whole transmission adopts wireless transmission, transmission is not subject to the impact of landform, dispose simple, transmission speed is very fast, efficiency is high, upper computer software can show data in real time dynamically, when after vehicle mobile, can notify timely monitoring personnel, process in time for staff, software can be preserved a large amount of data in database simultaneously, can generate chart, analyze the information such as vehicle flow for staff.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of wireless vehicle of the present invention detects an embodiment middle controller MSP430F1611 of sensing node.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that a kind of wireless vehicle of the present invention detects 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 in embodiment of sensing node.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that a kind of wireless vehicle of the present invention detects geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 in embodiment of sensing node.
Fig. 4 is the network system figure that a kind of wireless vehicle of the present invention detects an embodiment of method of sensing node detection vehicle.
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet that a kind of wireless vehicle of the present invention detects an embodiment of method of sensing node detection vehicle.
Fig. 6 is MAC medium access flow process.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
For overcoming these drawbacks, external scientific research institution, manufacturer has proposed new solution, is first that to have released novel transducer be geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, and the precision of this transducer is higher, and integrated level is higher, integrated signal processing and modulus circuit and IC, output be digital signal, the area of chip is less, simplify the design of monitoring node, reduced the area of node.And for wireless sense network, the Berkeley branch school development platform Tioy OS based on embedded wireless net design that released one after another, Open WSN, is convenient to the agreement that developer's self-developing adapts to various scenes, develop at present the multiple low-power consumption that has, the radio sensing network of multi-hop.
Fig. 1-Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a kind of wireless vehicle detection of the present invention sensing node: a kind of wireless vehicle detects sensing node, comprise geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, controller MSP430F1611 and 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101, described controller MSP430F1611 is connected with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, and described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 is connected with controller MSP430F1611 by I2C interface.
According to the present invention, a kind of wireless vehicle detects a preferred embodiment of sensing node,
The described controller MSP430F1611 specifically SPI clock line SCLK_RF (the P5.3 pin of controller MSP430F1611 is connected the SCLK pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101) that is connected with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, SPI master arrives from data wire SI_RF (the P5.1 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SI pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), SPI is to main data line SO_RF (the P5.2 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SO pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), SPI chip selection signal line CSN_RF (the P5.0 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the CSN pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), wireless data packet finishes receiving interrupt line GDO0 (the P1.1 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the GDO0 pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), the ready interrupt line GDO2 of radio frequency chip (the P1.4 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the GDO2 pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), the connection of power supply VCC and ground GND.
According to the present invention, a kind of wireless vehicle detects another preferred embodiment of sensing node, described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 be connected with controller MSP430F1611 by I2C interface specifically I2C clock line MAG_SCL (the P1.2 pin of controller MSP430F1611 is connected the SCL pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), I2C data wire MSG_SDA (the P1.3 pin of controller MSP430F1611 connects the SDA pin of 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101), power supply VCC and the connection of GND.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the method for a kind of wireless vehicle detection sensing node detection vehicle claimed in claim 1 of the present invention: a kind of wireless vehicle claimed in claim 1 detects the method for sensing node detection vehicle, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, controller MSP430F1611 periodically controls locality magnetic signal data of geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, and data comprise X, Y, the each 14 bit data positions of Z tri-axle Geomagnetic signals; Data acquisition is to send acquisition by I2C interface to geomagnetic sensor by controller, after geomagnetic sensor takes orders, starts and gathers, and after data ready, returns to collection result by I2C interface to controller;
Step 2, controller MSP430F1611 carries out data packing operation so that follow-up wireless data sends after receiving the geomagnetism detecting data that geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 spreads out of, the final purpose address that geomagnetism detecting data wireless transmits is the aggregation node being connected with supervisory control comuter, if detection node is distant from aggregation node, directly wireless telecommunications, just must forward by other nodes, it is down hop (hop) destination node, when distant, need repeatedly forward and could arrive aggregation node, when the geomagnetism detecting data of three axles are added the corresponding data section in packet by controller MSP430F1611, form application layer data, then add network layer (NWK) header and MAC layer (MAC) header, the routing table of simultaneously safeguarding according to Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol is selected down hop (hop) destination node sending, insert node self address at NWK header, in MAC layer header, insert down hop (hop) destination node, form a complete message, controller MSP430F1611 goes out this packet wireless transmission by SPI interface control 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 after completing group package operation,
Step 3, controller MSP430F1611 periodically starts 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 inspection and has or not the wireless data packet of issuing oneself, if this node is not aggregation node, also need to find the address of next-hop node the destination address in mac header in new data packets more according to routing table, original message is transmitted to next-hop node again;
Step 4, as the wireless sensing node of aggregation node, the complete message receiving is transferred to and in supervisory control comuter, deposited in database by serial ports, USB mouth or network interface, and judge whether that according to historical data the geomagnetic data causing while having vehicle through geomagnetism detecting node changes, and then judge existence or the motion state of vehicle, and data show on computers the most at last
Mac-layer protocol
As shown in Figure 6, on MAC layer, node mainly carries out the transmission of data by two strategies, whether one is CCA (Clear Channel Assessment) channel estimating, before sending data, first channel is checked, in busy condition, another is random number avoidance mechanism, when channel is busy, produces a random number time, wait for and attempt transmission after this duration.
Routing Protocol
The tree generation algorithm of broadcast spanning tree:
1. node periodic broadcasting HELLO message in a jumping atmosphere, sending node information, detecting link state.
2. the HELLO message that node sends by receiving other node, generates one and jumps scope topological structure table.
3. add the node cycle of network to send and receive the HELLO message being sent by other node, generate and
Upgrade the Link Table table of oneself.
4. for newly adding node definition its node rank and set membership of broadcasting spanning tree, upgrade STTT (Spanning Tree Topology Table) table.
5. STTT gauge seal is contained in STC (Spanning Tree Control) message and sends to neighbor node.
6. each node upgrades own RT table according to STTT table.
7. so repeatedly, until all nodes add spanning tree.So far, broadcast spanning tree forms.
The maintenance algorithm of broadcast spanning tree
1. after node successfully adds broadcast spanning tree, by STC agreement, periodically to the father node of oneself and the STC message of child node transmission specific format, to state existing of oneself.
2. each node is received after the assert packet of father node and child node, upgrades associated timer.
If 3. certain hour is not received STC message, oneself disconnecting of neighbor node therewith is described.
If the 4. timer expiry of child node, will delete this child node and this Desc node below node by node updates agreement from network.
5., if the timer expiry of father node, illustrates that this node and child node thereof and Desc node depart from from network, these nodes will add agreement to rejoin spanning tree by node.
6. for again adding the node of broadcasting spanning tree, in the time that variation has occurred in its position in the tree, will the new positional information of this node be noticed to relevant node by node updates agreement.
Node discovery procedure: the node in network can constantly send HELLO message, informs the existence of the neighbor node oneself within the scope of a jumping.Receive the HELLO message being sent by other hop neighbor node simultaneously, grasp a hop link information, thereby generate a hop link information table.When the upper node of tree, to find have new node to add within the scope of a jumping fashionable, by JOIN_MESSAGE message, spanning-tree information issued to newly added node.Once newly added node is received JOIN_MESSAGE message, learn that oneself has been added into spanning tree, generate immediately STC message, and broadcast in spanning tree.The STC message that newly added node sends shows that this node has added spanning tree.
Tree topology maintenance process: generate after new tree structure when node in spanning tree calculates MPR value, this information is told to the node being added into by transmission JOIN_MESSAGE message, and periodically send STC message and safeguard tree topology.The node newly adding receives after the JOIN_MESSAGE message being sent by the upper node of tree, knows that oneself has added spanning tree, can generate the STC message of oneself, sends in the tree with the forms of broadcasting.
Tree topology renewal process: node updates agreement exchanges the information about spanning-tree topology structural change between node, exchanges spanning-tree topology structural table.The renewal of spanning tree structure can be triggered by following condition:
1. new node adds network.
2. node self deviated from network.
3. downstream site deviated from network.
4. node rejoins network.
In broadcast spanning tree Routing Protocol, node can constantly send to neighbor node the STC message upgrading, and also can constantly receive the STC message being transmitted by neighbor node simultaneously.Whenever node receive this message all with same period in a up-to-date STC message, i.e. the STC message of last arrival upgrades the STT table of oneself as standard, to ensure the up-to-date of route.
The frame structure that the present invention uses
Link information table (Link Table)
Neighbor?IP | Level | Link?Message?Size |
? | ? | ? |
Neighbor IP: this field description is the IP address of node network channel interface of the node of energy direct communication in a jumping atmosphere therewith.
Level: the rank of neighbor node in spanning tree.If this node, not in spanning tree, is " NULL ".
Link Message Size:Link control message size, identical element byte.
Spanning-tree topology structural table (Spanning Tree Topology Table)
IP?hash | Level | State | IP | Parent?IP |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
IP hash: the index using the IP of node as Hash key assignments.In system addressing, because all nodes are all positioned at same C class IP network, so hash algorithm is last eight hyte of getting IP address.
Level: the rank of node in spanning tree.
State: the state of this node.
Have 3 kinds of optional states:
Active: starting state, shows that this node has successfully added network.
Neighbor node is shown successfully to add neighbours.
Candidate: candidate state, shows that this node is adding network.
Invalid to neighbor node.
NA: state position is invalid, for other intermediateness.
IP: the IP address of the network channel interface of this node and all downstream sites thereof.
Parent IP: the IP address of the network channel interface of the father node that this node and each downstream site thereof are corresponding.
Routing directory (Routing Table)
Source?IP | Destination?IP | Link?State | Next?Hop |
? | ? | ? | ? |
Source IP: the IP address of the network channel interface of source node.
Destination IP: the IP address of the network channel interface of destination node.
Link State: the state of describing this route entry.Possible state has following several:
ACTIVE: this route can be used.
INACTIVE: this route once can be used, and now lost efficacy.
TEMP: this route is interim route, adds the process of network for node.
Next Hop: the next-hop node of this node
HELLO message format
Type: type of message is " 1 " herein, is expressed as HELLO message.
Version: protocol version is " 1 " herein.
Time To Live: be arranged to 1, represent that HELLO control message, only in spot broadcasting, can not be forwarded.
Level1: the rank of neighbor node in spanning tree.If this node, not in spanning tree, is " NULL ".
Sender IP: the interface IP address that sends the network channel of the node of this message.
STC message format
Type: type of message is " 3 " herein, is expressed as STC message.
Level: the rank that sends the node of this STC message.
Version: protocol version is " 3 " herein.
Code: reserved field.
STTT: spanning-tree topology structural table, records the tree topology of this node place broadcast tree.
Sender IP: the interface IP address that sends the network channel of the node of this message.
JOIN_MESSAGE
Type: type of message is " 2 " herein, is expressed as JOIN_MESSAGE message.
Level: the rank that sends the node of this JOIN_MESSAGE.
Version: protocol version is " 2 " herein.
Code: reserved field.
STTT: spanning-tree topology structural table, records the tree topology of this node place broadcast tree.
Sender IP: the interface IP address that sends the network channel of the node of this message.
Destination IP: the interface IP address of the network channel of destination node.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) install can select whether transducer will be embedded in when geomagnetic sensor underground, needn't as inductance coil, to be embedded in and undergroundly just can work, can be chosen in selected detection site suspension bracket or side installs, road pavement is destroyed little, in the time that going wrong, only need keep in repair by transducer geomagnetic sensor, needn't blocked road turn up the soil face and monitoring point of pick be not subject to destruction, be not subject to road surface moving influence.
(2) characteristic of base area Magnetic Sensor, only just change through out-of-date at ferromagnetic object, for the process of non-ferromagnetic object without any reaction, therefore can effectively reduce flase drop, more not be subject to the impact of external environment compared to video detection, infrared detection or ultrasound examination etc.
(3) threshold value of the variation of magnetic field intensity transducer being detected arranges, can carry out hoof choosing more accurately to magnetic disturbance source, can get rid of the interference that non power driven vehicle causes, and after being provided with sensitivity, thereby the ferromagnetic objects that can identify different sizes are judged the type of vehicle.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and execution modes, within these amendments and execution mode will drop on the disclosed principle scope and spirit of the application.More particularly, in the scope of, accompanying drawing open in the application and claim, can carry out multiple modification and improvement to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except distortion that building block and/or layout are carried out and improving, to those skilled in the art, other purposes will be also obvious.
Claims (4)
1. a wireless vehicle detects sensing node, it is characterized in that: comprise geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, controller MSP430F1611 and 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101, described controller MSP430F1611 is connected with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, and described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 is connected with controller MSP430F1611 by I2C interface.
2. a kind of wireless vehicle according to claim 1 detects sensing node, it is characterized in that: described controller MSP430F1611 is connected specifically SPI clock line SCLK_RF, SPI master to from data wire SI_RF, SPI from finishing receiving interrupt line GDO0 to main data line SO_RF, SPI chip selection signal line CSN_RF, wireless data packet with 433M radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 by SPI interface, the connection of the ready interrupt line GDO2 of radio frequency chip, power supply VCC and ground GND.
3. a kind of wireless vehicle according to claim 1 and 2 detects sensing node, it is characterized in that: the described geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 specifically connection of I2C clock line MAG_SCL, I2C data wire MSG_SDA, power supply VCC and ground GND that is connected with controller MSP430F1611 by I2C interface.
4. wireless vehicle claimed in claim 1 detects a method for sensing node detection vehicle, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1, controller MSP430F1611 periodically controls locality magnetic signal data of geomagnetic sensor MMC3282, and data comprise X, Y, the each 14 bit data positions of Z tri-axle Geomagnetic signals; Data acquisition is to send acquisition by I2C interface to geomagnetic sensor by controller, after geomagnetic sensor takes orders, starts and gathers, and after data ready, returns to collection result by I2C interface to controller;
Step 2, controller MSP430F1611 carries out data packing operation so that follow-up wireless data sends after receiving the geomagnetism detecting data that geomagnetic sensor MMC3282 spreads out of, the final purpose address that geomagnetism detecting data wireless transmits is the aggregation node being connected with supervisory control comuter, if detection node is distant from aggregation node, directly wireless telecommunications, just must forward by other nodes, it is down hop destination node, when distant, need repeatedly forward and could arrive aggregation node, when the geomagnetism detecting data of three axles are added the corresponding data section in packet by controller MSP430F1611, form application layer data, then add network layer header and MAC layer header, the routing table of simultaneously safeguarding according to Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol is selected the down hop destination node sending, insert node self address at NWK header, in MAC layer header, insert down hop destination node, form a complete message, controller MSP430F1611 goes out this packet wireless transmission by SPI interface control 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 after completing group package operation,
Step 3, controller MSP430F1611 periodically starts 433MHz radio receiving transmitting module CC1101 inspection and has or not the wireless data packet of issuing oneself, if this node is not aggregation node, also need to find the address of next-hop node the destination address in mac header in new data packets more according to routing table, original message is transmitted to next-hop node again;
Step 4, as the wireless sensing node of aggregation node, the complete message receiving is transferred to and in supervisory control comuter, deposited in database by serial ports, USB mouth or network interface, and judge whether that according to historical data the geomagnetic data causing while having vehicle through geomagnetism detecting node changes, and then judge existence or the motion state of vehicle, and data show on computers the most at last.
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CN106102120A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉奇星电子有限公司 | A kind of from master agreement and network-building method from group WLAN and data receiving-transmitting method |
CN106373407A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-01 | 广西大学 | Vehicle detector based on geomagnetic sensing |
CN108917678A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-11-30 | 余敏鸿 | Radio transmission transducing device and its detection method for detection object state change |
CN112235747A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-15 | 智慧式有限公司 | Wireless communication method and system for vehicle detector |
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