CN104156760A - Electronic tag and demodulator thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic tag and a demodulator thereof. The demodulator comprises a first signal branch circuit, a second signal branch circuit and a comparator, wherein the input end of the first signal branch circuit is taken as the an RF signal input end, and used for receiving RF signals; the input end of the second signal branch circuit is connected with the input end of the first signal branch circuit; the positive input end and the negative input end are respectively connected with the output ends of the second signal branch circuit and the first signal branch circuit; the output ends of the positive input end and the negative input end are used for outputting demodulated data; the first signal branch circuit is connected with a first wave detector, a first primary wave filter and a secondary wave filter in series in sequence; the first wave detector consists of a capacitor and a one-way conducting element I; the second signal branch circuit is connected with a second wave detector and a second primary wave filter; the second wave detector consists of a capacitor partial pressure network and a one-way conducting element II. Through the application of the electronic tag and the demodulator thereof, the sensitivity of the demodulation can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of circuits, in particular to an electronic tag and a demodulator thereof.
Background
A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system is a non-contact automatic identification system, which includes at least one reader and an electronic tag; the reader mainly sends ASK (amplitude shift keying) modulated signals to the electronic tag through modulating a space electromagnetic field; then, the electronic tag demodulates the received ASK signal through its internal demodulator, thereby obtaining data.
Currently, there is a demodulator in an electronic tag, as shown in fig. 1, including a detector 01, a first-stage filter 02, a second-stage filter 03, and a hysteresis comparator 04. Wherein, the input end of the detector 01 is used as the RF signal input end, and the output end thereof is connected with the input end of the first-stage filter 02; the output end of the first-stage filter is connected with the input end of the second-stage filter 03 and the positive input end of the hysteresis comparator 04 respectively; the output end of the secondary filter 03 is connected with the negative input end of the hysteresis comparator 04; the output of the hysteresis comparator 04 outputs the demodulated data.
Thus, after the RF signal is subjected to voltage-multiplying detection by the detector 01, the RF signal is subjected to the first-stage filter 02 to obtain a first baseband low-frequency envelope signal (a point signal a), and the first baseband low-frequency envelope signal is input from the positive input end of the hysteresis comparator 04; and the first baseband low-frequency envelope signal passes through the secondary filter 03 to obtain a second baseband low-frequency envelope signal (B-point signal), and the second baseband low-frequency envelope signal is input from the negative input end of the hysteresis comparator 04. In practical application, since the bandwidth of the secondary filter 03 is slightly smaller than that of the primary filter 02, when the RF signal is weakened from strong or weakened, the voltage change of the second baseband low-frequency envelope signal is slightly slower than that of the first baseband low-frequency envelope signal, and the voltages of the first and second baseband low-frequency envelope signals are compared by the hysteresis comparator 04 to demodulate the data.
In fact, however, since the voltages of the first and second baseband low-frequency envelope signals are equal when the RF signal is continuously high or continuously low; when the hysteresis window of the hysteresis comparator is fixed and the RF signal at the RF signal input terminal is weak, the voltage difference between the first baseband low-frequency envelope signal and the second baseband low-frequency envelope signal may not reach the hysteresis window, and the hysteresis comparator 04 may not demodulate data; moreover, when the RF signal is slowly converted, the difference between the voltage of the second baseband low-frequency envelope signal and the voltage of the first baseband low-frequency envelope signal is small and may be smaller than the hysteresis window of the hysteresis comparator 04, so that the data cannot be demodulated.
Therefore, when the RF signal is slowly or weakly converted, the existing demodulator may not demodulate the data and the sensitivity is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electronic tag with higher sensitivity and a demodulator thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic tag and a demodulator thereof, so as to implement demodulation under a condition that an RF signal is weak and improve demodulation sensitivity.
The embodiment of the invention provides a demodulator in an electronic tag, which comprises:
a first signal branch having an input terminal as an RF signal input terminal for receiving an RF signal;
the input end of the second signal branch is connected with the input end of the first signal branch;
the positive input end and the negative input end of the comparator are respectively connected with the output ends of the second signal branch and the first signal branch, and the output end of the comparator outputs demodulated data;
wherein, have concatenated in proper order in the first signal branch road: the first detector, the first primary filter and the secondary filter; the first detector consists of a capacitor and a one-way conduction element;
the second signal branch is connected in series with: a second detector, a second primary filter; the second detector is composed of a capacitance voltage division network and a one-way conduction element.
Preferably, the first detector specifically includes: a capacitor C1a and a field effect transistor M2 as a unidirectional conductive element; wherein,
one end of the capacitor C1a is used as the input end of the first detector; the other end of the capacitor C1a is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M2 and serves as the output end of the first detector;
the source electrode of the field effect transistor M2 is grounded, and the grid electrode of the field effect transistor M2 is connected with a set voltage; the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M2.
Preferably, the first primary filter comprises: a capacitor C3a and a resistor R3 a; wherein,
one end of the resistor R3a is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M2, and is used as the input end of the first primary filter and is connected with the output end of the first detector; the other end of the resistor R3a is connected with one end of the capacitor C3a and is used as the output end of the first primary filter; the other terminal of the capacitor C3a is connected to ground.
Preferably, the second-order filter specifically includes: a capacitor C4 and a resistor R4; wherein,
one end of the resistor R4 is used as the input end of the secondary filter and is connected with the output end of the first primary filter; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4, and is used as the output end of the secondary filter and connected with the negative input end of the comparator; the other terminal of the capacitor C4 is connected to ground.
Preferably, the second detector specifically includes: a capacitance voltage division network and a field effect transistor M1 as a one-way conduction element; wherein,
the capacitance voltage division network specifically comprises: a capacitor C1b and a capacitor C2; wherein,
one end of the capacitor C1b is used as the input end of the second detector and is connected with the input end of the first detector; the other end of the capacitor C1b is connected with a capacitor C2 and is used as an output end of the capacitor voltage division network; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded;
the output end of the capacitance voltage division network is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M1 and serves as the output end of the second detector;
the source electrode of the field effect transistor M1 is grounded, and the grid electrode of the field effect transistor M1 is connected with a set voltage; the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M1.
Preferably, the second primary filter comprises: a capacitor C3b and a resistor R3 b; wherein,
one end of the resistor R3b is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M1, and is used as the input end of the second primary filter and is connected with the output end of the second detector; the other end of the resistor R3b is connected with one end of the capacitor C3b and is used as the output end of the second primary filter; the other terminal of the capacitor C3b is connected to ground.
Preferably, the capacitance of the capacitor C3b in the second primary filter is equal to the capacitance of the capacitor C3a in the first primary filter; and the resistance R3b in the second primary filter is equal to the resistance value of the resistor R3a in the first primary filter.
Preferably, the capacitance of the capacitor C1a is equal to the capacitance of the capacitor C1 b.
Preferably, the gate of the fet M2 is connected to the gate of the fet M1.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic tag, including: the demodulator described above.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a demodulator in the electronic tag utilizes a first signal branch and a second signal branch to respectively detect and filter the same RF signal received by an RF signal input end to generate a first baseband signal and a second baseband signal with different bandwidths, the voltage difference between the two baseband signals is automatically adjusted according to the intensity of the RF signal, and the change of the first baseband signal lags behind the change of the second baseband signal, so that the data in the RF signal can be demodulated after the comparison of a comparator. In addition, in the technical scheme of the invention, different voltage division ratios are adopted, so that the voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal input by the two input ends of the comparator can be controlled, when the RF signal is weaker, the comparator can also identify the voltage difference between the two baseband signals, and the sensitivity of the demodulator is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a demodulator of a conventional electronic tag;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a demodulator of an electronic tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a demodulator of an electronic tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of a demodulator for demodulating a weak RF signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating demodulation of a demodulator when the RF signal is strong according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
As used in this application, the terms "module," "system," and the like are intended to include a computer-related entity, such as but not limited to hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a module may be, but is not limited to: a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. For example, an application running on a computing device and the computing device may both be a module. One or more modules may reside within a process and/or thread of execution.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the demodulator in the electronic tag can respectively detect and filter the received RF signals from the two signal branches, so that two paths of baseband signals with different bandwidths and different change speeds are formed, and the pressure difference is automatically adjusted according to the strength of the RF signals. Therefore, the comparator can compare the two paths of baseband signals when the RF signal is weak, and demodulate data, so that the problem that the voltage difference cannot be identified and demodulation cannot be carried out when the voltage amplitude of the RF signal is weak is solved, and the demodulation sensitivity of the demodulator is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
In an electronic tag provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, an internal structure of a demodulator included in the electronic tag specifically includes: a first signal branch 10, a second signal branch 20 and a comparator 30.
Wherein, the input terminal of the first signal branch 10 is used as the RF signal input terminal for receiving the RF signal; the input of the second signal branch 20 is connected to the input of the first signal branch 10, i.e. the input of the second signal branch 20 is arranged to receive the same RF signal as the input of the first signal branch 10.
A positive input of the comparator 30 is connected to the output of the second signal branch 20, a negative input thereof is connected to the output of the first signal branch 10, and an output thereof outputs demodulated data.
In practical application, the first signal branch 10 is connected in series in sequence: a first detector 101, a first primary filter 102, a secondary filter 103; the second signal branch 20 is connected in series: a second detector 201, a second primary filter 202; the first detector 101 in the first signal branch 10 is composed of a capacitor and a one-way conduction element; the second detector 201 is composed of a capacitive voltage division network and a unidirectional conducting element.
In this embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the first detector 101 in the first signal branch 10 may specifically include: a capacitor C1a and a field effect transistor M2 as a unidirectional conducting element. One end of the capacitor C1a is used as an input end of the first detector 101; the other end of the capacitor C1a is connected to the drain of the fet M2 as the output of the first detector 101. The source of the field effect transistor M2 is grounded, and the gate of the field effect transistor M2 is connected with a set voltage. In practical applications, the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M2, specifically, the bias voltage. In this way, after the RF signal is received at the input terminal of the first detector 101, the RF signal is detected by the capacitor C1a and the field effect transistor M2, and a high-frequency first detected signal is output from the output terminal of the first detector 101.
As shown in fig. 3, the first primary filter 102 in the first signal branch 10 may specifically include: a capacitor C3a and a resistor R3 a. One end of the resistor R3a is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor M2, and is used as the input end of the first primary filter 102 and connected with the output end of the first detector 101; the other end of the resistor R3a is connected to one end of the capacitor C3a as the output of the first primary filter 102; the other terminal of the capacitor C3a is connected to ground. Thus, after the first detection signal output from the first detector 101 is input to the input terminal of the first primary filter 102, the input first detection signal can be subjected to primary filtering processing through the capacitor C3a and the resistor R3 a.
As shown in fig. 3, the second-stage filter 103 in the first signal branch 10 may specifically include: a capacitor C4 and a resistor R4. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the first primary filter 102 as the input end of the secondary filter 103; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the capacitor C4, and is used as the output end of the secondary filter 103 and connected with the negative input end of the comparator 30; the other terminal of the capacitor C4 is connected to ground. Thus, the signal output by the first primary filter 102 and processed by the primary filtering is secondarily filtered by the capacitor C4 and the resistor R4 in the secondary filter 103, and a first baseband signal with a low frequency is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the second detector 201 in the second signal branch 20 may specifically include: a capacitance voltage division network and a field effect transistor M1 as a one-way conduction element; wherein, the electric capacity voltage divider network specifically includes: a capacitor C1b and a capacitor C2. Specifically, one end of the capacitor C1b is connected to the input end of the first detector 101 as the input end of the second detector 201; the other end of the capacitor C1b is connected with a capacitor C2 and is used as an output end of the capacitor voltage division network; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded; the output end of the capacitance voltage division network is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M1 and serves as the output end of the second detector 201; the source of the field effect transistor M1 is grounded, and the gate of the field effect transistor M1 is connected with a set voltage. In practical applications, the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M1, specifically, the bias voltage.
Preferably, the gate of the fet M1 is connected to the gate of the fet M2, and the same set voltage is applied. The capacitance C1a in the first detector 101 is equal to the capacitance of the capacitance C1b in the second detector 201.
In this way, after the same RF signal as that received by the first detector 101 is received by the input terminal of the second detector 201, the received RF signal is subjected to voltage division detection by the capacitor C1b, the capacitor C2 and the field effect transistor M1, and a high-frequency second detection signal is output from the output terminal of the second detector 201. In practical applications, the swing of the second detection signal is smaller than the swing of the first detection signal due to the voltage division of the capacitor C1b and the capacitor C2.
As shown in fig. 3, the second primary filter 202 in the second signal branch 20 may specifically include: a capacitor C3b and a resistor R3 b. One end of the resistor R3b is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor M1, and is used as the input end of the second primary filter 202 to be connected with the output end of the second detector 201; the other end of the resistor R3b is connected to one end of the capacitor C3b as the output end of the second primary filter 202; the other terminal of the capacitor C3b is connected to ground. Thus, after the input end of the second primary filter 202 is connected to the second detection signal output by the second detector 201, the input second detection signal can be filtered through the capacitor C3b and the resistor R3b, and a low-frequency second baseband signal is obtained.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the capacitance C3b in the second primary filter 202 is equal to the capacitance C3a in the first primary filter 102; and the resistor R3b in the second primary filter 202 is equal in resistance to the resistor R3a in the first primary filter 102. In this way, since the swing of the second detected signal received by second prefilter 202 is smaller than the swing of the first detected signal received by first prefilter 102, the voltage swing of the second baseband signal is also smaller than the voltage swing of the first baseband signal, and the voltage maximum of the second baseband signal is lower than the voltage maximum of the first baseband signal.
Further, the second baseband signal output from the second primary filter 202 is input from the positive input terminal of the comparator 30; the first baseband signal output by the first preliminary filter 202 is input from the negative input terminal of the comparator 30; thus, the comparator 30 can demodulate data according to a voltage difference between the input first baseband signal and the input second baseband signal.
In practical applications, when the radio frequency carrier is continuously present at the RF signal input terminal, the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal are continuously at a high level, the bandwidth of the second baseband signal is lower than that of the first baseband signal, and the voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal is proportional to the voltage division ratio of the capacitor C1b (the value of the capacitor C1b is equal to that of the capacitor C1a in the second detector 201) and the capacitor C2 in the first detector 101. That is, the voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal is automatically adjusted according to the strength of the RF signal at the RF signal input terminal.
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, when the RF signal at the RF signal input terminal is weak, the demodulator provided by the present invention can demodulate data according to the small voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal, which greatly improves the sensitivity. When the RF signal at the RF signal input terminal is strong, the demodulator provided by the present invention can demodulate data according to a large voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal, and has a large interference rejection capability because the change of the second baseband signal lags behind the change of the first baseband signal and the bandwidth of the second baseband signal is lower than that of the first baseband signal.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a demodulator in the electronic tag utilizes a first signal branch and a second signal branch to respectively detect and filter the same RF signal received by an RF signal input end to generate a first baseband signal and a second baseband signal with different bandwidths, the voltage difference between the two baseband signals is automatically adjusted according to the intensity of the RF signal, and the change of the first baseband signal lags behind the change of the second baseband signal, so that the data in the RF signal can be demodulated after the comparison of a comparator. In addition, in the technical scheme of the invention, different voltage division ratios are adopted, so that the voltage difference between the first baseband signal and the second baseband signal input by the two input ends of the comparator can be controlled, when the RF signal is weaker, the comparator can also identify the voltage difference between the two baseband signals, and the sensitivity of the demodulator is improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as: ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A demodulator in an electronic tag, comprising:
a first signal branch, the input end of which is used as a radio frequency RF signal input end for receiving RF signals;
the input end of the second signal branch is connected with the input end of the first signal branch;
the positive input end and the negative input end of the comparator are respectively connected with the output ends of the second signal branch and the first signal branch, and the output end of the comparator outputs demodulated data;
wherein, have concatenated in proper order in the first signal branch road: the first detector, the first primary filter and the secondary filter; the first detector consists of a capacitor and a one-way conduction element;
the second signal branch is connected in series with: a second detector, a second primary filter; the second detector is composed of a capacitance voltage division network and a one-way conduction element.
2. The demodulator of claim 1, wherein the first detector specifically comprises: a capacitor C1a and a field effect transistor M2 as a unidirectional conductive element; wherein,
one end of the capacitor C1a is used as the input end of the first detector; the other end of the capacitor C1a is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M2 and serves as the output end of the first detector;
the source electrode of the field effect transistor M2 is grounded, and the grid electrode of the field effect transistor M2 is connected with a set voltage; the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M2.
3. The demodulator of claim 2, wherein the first primary filter comprises in particular: a capacitor C3a and a resistor R3 a; wherein,
one end of the resistor R3a is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M2, and is used as the input end of the first primary filter and is connected with the output end of the first detector; the other end of the resistor R3a is connected with one end of the capacitor C3a and is used as the output end of the first primary filter; the other terminal of the capacitor C3a is connected to ground.
4. The demodulator of claim 3, wherein the two-stage filter specifically comprises: a capacitor C4 and a resistor R4; wherein,
one end of the resistor R4 is used as the input end of the secondary filter and is connected with the output end of the first primary filter; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4, and is used as the output end of the secondary filter and connected with the negative input end of the comparator; the other terminal of the capacitor C4 is connected to ground.
5. The demodulator of claim 1, wherein the second detector specifically comprises: a capacitance voltage division network and a field effect transistor M1 as a one-way conduction element; wherein,
the capacitance voltage division network specifically comprises: a capacitor C1b and a capacitor C2; wherein,
one end of the capacitor C1b is used as the input end of the second detector and is connected with the input end of the first detector; the other end of the capacitor C1b is connected with a capacitor C2 and is used as an output end of the capacitor voltage division network; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded;
the output end of the capacitance voltage division network is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M1 and serves as the output end of the second detector;
the source electrode of the field effect transistor M1 is grounded, and the grid electrode of the field effect transistor M1 is connected with a set voltage; the set voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the fet M1.
6. The demodulator of claim 5, wherein the second primary filter comprises in particular: a capacitor C3b and a resistor R3 b; wherein,
one end of the resistor R3b is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor M1, and is used as the input end of the second primary filter and is connected with the output end of the second detector; the other end of the resistor R3b is connected with one end of the capacitor C3b and is used as the output end of the second primary filter; the other terminal of the capacitor C3b is connected to ground.
7. The demodulator of claim 6, wherein the capacitance of the capacitor C3b in the second primary filter is equal to the capacitance of the capacitor C3a in the first primary filter; and the resistance R3b in the second primary filter is equal to the resistance value of the resistor R3a in the first primary filter.
8. The demodulator of claim 6, wherein the capacitance of the capacitor C1a is equal to the capacitance of the capacitor C1 b.
9. The demodulator of claim 6, characterized in that the gate of the field effect transistor M2 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor M1.
10. An electronic tag, comprising: a demodulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN111368568A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 紫光同芯微电子有限公司 | Novel non-contact high-speed demodulation circuit |
| CN113489165A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-10-08 | 广东高标电子科技有限公司 | Non-contact type rotating body electric energy transmission and communication device and electric moped |
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| CN107735990A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2018-02-23 | 意法半导体国际有限公司 | Demodulator circuit and the method for demodulation |
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| CN111368568A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 紫光同芯微电子有限公司 | Novel non-contact high-speed demodulation circuit |
| CN113489165A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-10-08 | 广东高标电子科技有限公司 | Non-contact type rotating body electric energy transmission and communication device and electric moped |
| CN113489165B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2024-02-13 | 广东高标智能科技股份有限公司 | Non-contact rotating body electric energy transmission and communication device and electric bicycle |
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