CN104152893A - Method for forming wearproof perforated laser cladding coating of powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring - Google Patents
Method for forming wearproof perforated laser cladding coating of powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming a wearproof perforated laser cladding coating of a powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring. A wearproof perforated laser cladding coating is formed on the working end face of the powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring by improving an existing laser cladding technology and combining with specific process parameters. The wearproof perforated laser cladding coating has the advantages that the cladding scanning data are quick to process, the powder is free of loss, and free of impurities, and is accurately preset, the cladding layer can be effectively prevented from protruding to affect the powder presetting process, a wearproof surface can be formed without adding noble metal, and a self-lubricating function cladding coating with pores can be formed. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring is reduced, the production efficiency is also improved, and good mechanical properties of parts are also obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser melting and coating technique field, be specifically related to the formation method of the wear-resisting porose laser cladding coating of a kind of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring.
Background technology
Laser melting coating is the laser beam that utilizes high-energy-density, adopts powdered material, carries out cladding processing, to obtain the Laser Surface Modification Technology of good mechanical property coating on the top layer of workpiece.After laser beam flying, the surface alloy of cladding is because the rapid heat conduction of body material produces high speed of cooling and rapid solidification crystallization, not only produce firm, good metallurgical binding, but also obtain tiny uniform microstructure (being that coating microtexture is good), therefore can obtain and there is very excellent mechanical property and top coat wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property.Relatively traditional heat treatment technics, laser melting and coating technique has following major advantage: (1) laser energy density is high, and rate of heating is fast, and little to base material heat affecting, workpiece deformation is little, easily is automated flexible processing.(2) by regulating laser input energy, can be by the dilution control of base material extremely low scope (being generally 2%～8%, massfraction), thus kept cladding layer material excellent properties originally.(3) mortise between laser cladding layer and base material is metallurgical binding.(4) microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close evenly, has greatly improved the performances such as the hardness of workpiece surface, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant and antifatigue, and has extended the work-ing life of material, especially in the application of useless part maintenance, has the estimated value of being difficult to.(5) applied widely, any substrate surface all can nearly all metal or the stupalith of laser melting coating in theory.Therefore, adopt at present laser melting and coating technique to carry out intensive treatment to metallic element and become the sharp weapon that improve metal parts mechanical property and value.
The powder addition manner of laser melting and coating process can be divided into preset two kinds of synchronous transport and powder conventionally.Synchronous transport mode has the advantages such as easy realization is controlled automatically, cladding efficiency is high, cladding layer pore-free, but must use special-purpose laser melting coating shower nozzle, powder feeder and high power laser, thereby equipment cost is high.Meanwhile, with respect to preset laser cladding technique, its molded surface is comparatively coarse.
Presetting system powder addition manner has advantages such as not being subject to the restriction of material, the cladding that is easy to carry out composite parts powder, technique are simple, flexible operation.At present the normal powder pre-setting method adopting mainly comprises that hot spray process and chemistry cohere method: hot spray process in the process of fore-put powder except the spraying equipment of needs special use, the loss amount of its powder is large (being about 30%～40%) very, and the method also exists deficiencies such as having relatively high expectations of powder size; For chemical bonding method, owing to having used various cakingagents, in cladding process, very easily produce the defects such as pore, to cladding layer composition, also can produce disadvantageous effect in various degree adding of binding agent simultaneously; In addition, the preset method of conventional powder is difficult to accurately control the preset thickness of powder conventionally, causes cladding layer thickness deficiency or needs more follow-up machining work.For overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, declare patent of invention and declare utility model (number of declaring be respectively 201110440356.3 and 201120549785.X) and propose a kind of cladding apparatus that adopts optical-fiber laser, this device adopts paving powder to roll preset metal-powder, and to realize powder preset, but the Pu Fengunpu powder mechanism based on precinct laser sintering technology, when launching multilayer cladding, be easy to roll and cladding face collision phenomenon because cladding region has projection to spread powder, this has had a strong impact on the stability of powder initialization process, even cladding part is broken or paving powder is rolled and blocked, cause cladding failure.
The features such as float grease seal is a kind ofly to have antifouling property good specially for large load, the severe designed mechanical seal of Working environment, withstand voltage, wear-resisting, auto-compensation end wear, so be used widely at mechanical engineering field.Generally by two metal float grease seal rings and two rubber seal, totally four assemblies are supporting forms for its structure; its principle of work is exactly that a pair of rubber seal forms the space (but not be coupling tactile) of a sealing under the support of metal float grease seal ring with cavity; during rotation, two of float grease seal ring closely cooperate and relatively sliding through the surface of grinding; guarantee on the one hand to run well; the dust in effective packing external world, water, mud etc., protect inner lubricating grease not reveal on the other hand.
Because float grease seal ring consumption is large, requirement hardness is high, stopping property, wear resistance are good, with the float grease seal ring of general melt material manufacture, be difficult to reach technical requirements, many employing cast alloy irons precision casting abroad, but need to add the element such as Cr, Ni, Mo of a large amount of rare costlinesses, and scrap rate is higher, productivity is low, cost is high.Domestic Ye You producer adopts powder hotforging method to produce float grease seal ring, and powder hotforging method can meet service requirements to reach as required at the precious metal element of the different position configuration appropriate level of part, can save again the effect of production cost.But the float grease seal ring that adopts powder hotforging method to manufacture, still there is hole in its inside, cause the hardness of its operative end surface conventionally not reach service requirements, for improving the hardness of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface, conventionally adopt carburizing+quenching+low-temperature tempering heat treatment, this has not only increased manufacturing time, is limited to carburization process feature simultaneously, and the heat distortion amount of the part after carburizing is larger; For guaranteeing precision, part need leave more secondary processing surplus, and this has also increased manufacturing cost.Simultaneously, for improving hardening capacity, make the float grease seal ring operative end surface mechanical property after thermal treatment reach service requirements, in current powder hotforging part, also need in metallic sintered products, add comparatively valuable Cr, the metal or alloy compositions such as Mo, this has also increased the manufacturing cost of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring greatly.
Although the more general metallic sintered products of relative density is high, but Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring still has the intrinsic pore character of metallic sintered products, this is very important to improving the wear resistance of powder hotforging oil-seal ring: in two powder hotforging oil-seal ring pairing work processes, in two operative end surface that relative rotary motion occur because friction expanded by heating automatically discharges and is stored in fluid in oil-seal ring hole, be conducive to be in contact with one another between the operative end surface of motion for the relative rotation and form oil-bound film two, thereby greatly improve the wear resistance of float grease seal ring; When powder hotforging oil-seal ring rotating speed reduces, temperature is when reduce, the fluid in operative end surface also can because of capillary action by fluid autostore in these holes.
Laser melting and coating technique has also been applied in the surface modification of metallic sintered products at present, existing illustration shows, laser melting coating thermal treatment process can be improved the surface property of powdered metal parts greatly, saves the addition of precious materials in powder metallurgy, shortens finishing time.But the laser focusing hot spot that traditional laser melting and coating process uses is conventionally thicker, be difficult to be formed with the cladding coating of hole in narrow Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring ring-type operative end surface, thereby directly adopting this class technique to carry out the modification of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface, the product after modification will lose the original self-lubricating function of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring.
Obtaining cladding scan-data is the work that must launch before laser melting coating, first adopts traditionally the cladding regional graphics of CAD Software on Drawing cladding part, then in figure, draws laser beam scan path, thereby obtains laser melting coating scan-data; To different parts, also need to obtain one by one the cladding scan-data of each cladding part.To Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring, its end surface shape is the annulus of a rule, and the oil-seal ring of different model is only that the diameter parameters of annulus is different, therefore, as adopt traditional cladding scan-data stand-by mode, and often need to spend longer setup time, reduced shaping efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the formation method of the wear-resisting porose laser cladding coating of a kind of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring, to solve the deficiencies in the prior art part.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The formation method of the wear-resisting porose laser cladding coating of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring, comprises the steps:
Step 1, by camera, go out the operative end surface image of powder hotforging float grease seal ring, utilize software, to this image process and obtain controlled controlling laser beam walking have a hole laser melting coating scan-data;
Step 2, adopt flexible scraper plate paving powder craft by cladding powder evenly tiling on the operative end surface of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring;
Step 3, under nitrogen protection atmosphere, according to there being hole laser melting coating scan-data to implement laser melting coating to cladding powder in Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface, make to be formed with hole cladding layer;
If step 4 has hole cladding layer, thickness does not reach design requirements, and repeating step two and step 3, until the multilayer in Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface has hole cladding layer thickness to meet design requirements.
In step 1, utilize software to identify fast the internal-and external diameter of operative end surface image, in conjunction with the sweep parameter of setting, first from the database with software link, search, as find internal-and external diameter and set float grease seal ring that sweep parameter condition is identical have a hole laser melting coating scan-data, call in these data; As do not found, more automatically according to the sweep parameter of internal diameter and external diameter data and setting, generate and have hole laser melting coating scan-data, deposit the data of generation in database simultaneously.
In step 1, describedly by hole laser melting coating scan-data, by end profile sweep trace, hole profile scan line and the inner sweep trace of filling, formed.
In step 1, the described inner sweep trace of filling can be linear reciprocation type sweep trace, orthogonal scanning type sweep trace or profile run-in index sweep trace.
In step 1, the sweep parameter that described need are set comprises inner three of sweep trace type, sweep span (being the spacing between adjacent sweep trace), the porositys of filling;
In step 2, described powder pre-setting method is flexible scraper-type powder pre-setting method, flexible scraper plate adopts the high temperature resistant silicon offset plate with favorable elasticity to make, can guarantee to walk around the hard protrusion that operative end surface top exceeds the preset thickness plane of powder in powder initialization process, effectively prevent the hard protrusion particle impact preset on cladding powder in multilayer cladding process.The outer powder of the unnecessary powder that scraper plate scrapes off and follow-up cladding scanning area can collect and reuse after cladding work completes.
In step 2, described cladding powder adopts granularity to be not less than 400 object aerosolization nickel (Ni) base alloy powders; The tiling thickness of described cladding powder is 20-100 micron; Described nitrogen protection atmosphere is that purity is no less than 99.99% nitrogen.
In step 3, the laser beam that described laser melting coating adopts is focused into the trickle hot spot of 30-100 micron, and its sweep velocity is no less than 60 mm/second;
Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring provided by the present invention has the formation method of the wear-resisting laser cladding coating of hole, has that cladding scan-data is processed rapidly, powder free of losses inclusion-free is accurately preset and can effectively prevent that cladding layer projection is on the impact of powder initialization process, can form wearing face, can be formed with the advantages such as hole self-lubricating function cladding coating without adding noble metal.Both reduce the manufacturing cost of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring, also improved production efficiency, also obtained good part mechanical property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the composition diagram of porose cladding coating scan-data described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 implements the Principle of Process figure of laser scanning cladding described in the embodiment of the present invention to Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring.
Fig. 4 is the composition diagram of the porose cladding coating scan-data of another kind of the present invention.
Fig. 5 be of the present invention another be the composition diagram of free cladding coating scan-data.
In figure:
11-end profile sweep trace; 12-hole profile scan line; 13-inner the sweep trace of filling; 2-Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring; 21-cladding layer; 31-cladding chamber; 311-protection gas entrance; The outlet of 312-protection gas; 32-self-powered platform; 33-preset pieces; 34-T-shaped screw; 35-scraper-type powder box; 351-flexible scraper plate; 36-laser window mouth mirror; 37-photographic camera; 38-laser beam; 4-cladding powder.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, existing by being that the Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring that 74mm, internal diameter are 69mm carries out cladding processing to operative end surface external diameter, in operative end surface, forming 1mm has hole cladding coating that the present invention is described.
First, Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring 2 is arranged on the self-powered platform 32 of laser cladding apparatus, fixing can carrying out in conjunction with the screw hole on self-powered platform by preset pieces 33, T-shaped screw 34 is installed.
Then, implement the present invention, its process is:
Step 1:
By being arranged on the operative end surface of the Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil 2 on 37 pairs of self-powered platforms of photographic camera at 31 tops, cladding chamber, take pictures, obtain Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring 2 operative end surface images; Utilize software to identify this operative end surface image, identify fast the internal-and external diameter of ring-type cladding end face, set inner sweep trace type, sweep span, three sweep parameters of porosity of filling simultaneously, according to internal-and external diameter data and sweep parameter, first in the database with software link, search, as find internal-and external diameter and set float grease seal ring that sweep parameter condition is identical have a hole laser melting coating scan-data, call in these data; As do not found, automatically according to internal-and external diameter data and sweep parameter generation, there is hole laser melting coating scan-data.As shown in Figure 2, the end profile sweep trace 11 of the cladding scan-data of the present embodiment automatically directly adopts external diameter to equal two circular patterns that 74mm, internal diameter equal 69mm by software; For reducing the thermal distortion problem that may cause because of short-term scanning in cladding process, the inner sweep trace 13 of filling is set as having the profile run-in index scanning pattern compared with long-sweep line by software user, and sweep span (being the spacing between adjacent scanning lines) is set as 100 microns by software user according to focal beam spot size; Porosity is set as 3%, each pore shape is circular, constant diameter is 1mm, and software can generate the hole 12 that is the uniform arrangement of circumferential direction along operative end surface, totally 30 by specific algorithm according to 3% porosity, operative end surface internal-and external diameter data and single pore dimension automatically automatically; The final Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring generating has hole cladding scan-data (as Fig. 2) automatically to file, and for follow-up same size part cladding, uses.
Step 2:
The scraper-type powder box 35 that flexible scraper plate 351 is equipped with in the preset employing of cladding powder tiles cladding powder 4 to realize on the operative end surface of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring 2 equably, powder layer thickness is set to 50 microns, by the accurate distance of controlling 40 microns of lifting gantry 32 declines of motor, obtains.There is flexible scraper plate 351 that the high temperature resistant silicon offset plate of favorable elasticity makes and can guarantee that cladding powder can walk around the hard protrusion that exceeds the preset thickness plane of powder above operative end surface in initialization process, effectively prevent the hard protrusion particle impact preset on cladding powder in multilayer cladding process.The outer powder of the unnecessary powder that scraper plate scrapes off and follow-up cladding scanning area can collect and reuse after cladding work completes.In the present embodiment, it is 325 object aerosolization Ni60 powder that cladding powder adopts granularity.
Step 3:
Cladding process is to carry out in the cladding chamber 31 of gas shield; cladding chamber 31 is except protection gas import 311, protection gas outlet 312; the good resistance to air loss of all the other local maintenances; after powder is preset; by protection gas import 311 input high pure nitrogens (gas purity >=99.99%); and by protection gas outlet 312, indoor oxygen is discharged, treat that oxygen concentration declines 0.1% below (adopt oxygen measuring instrument mensuration or according to inflationtime and in conjunction with micro-judgment), i.e. deployable cladding work.
Computer has been called in hole laser melting coating scan-data; it is that the laser beam 38 of the trickle focal beam spot of 30-100 micron is through laser window mouth mirror 36 that control has diameter; sweep velocity with 60～80mm/s; under gas shield atmosphere; by there being the preset cladding powder bed of hole laser melting coating scan-data selective melting, in Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring 2 operative end surface, form cladding layer 21.
Step 4:
Repeatedly carry out 20 step 2 and step 3, what the multilayer that can form thickness and be 1mm had a metallurgical binding has a hole cladding layer.Hardness >=the 600HV of this cladding layer, makes Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring without adding noble metal and can reaching use mechanical property requirements without complicated subsequent heat treatment.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have also shown the inner other two kinds of common type of filling sweep trace 13 of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is orthogonal scanning path scanning pattern, and Fig. 5 is linear reciprocation type scanning pattern.
Claims (10)
1. the formation method of the wear-resisting porose laser cladding coating of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, by camera, go out the operative end surface image of powder hotforging float grease seal ring, utilize software, to this image process and obtain controlled controlling laser beam walking have a hole laser melting coating scan-data;
Step 2, adopt flexible scraper plate paving powder craft by cladding powder evenly tiling on the operative end surface of Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring;
Step 3, under nitrogen protection atmosphere, according to there being hole laser melting coating scan-data to implement laser melting coating to cladding powder in Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface, make to be formed with hole cladding layer;
If step 4 has hole cladding layer, thickness does not reach design requirements, and repeating step two and step 3, until the multilayer in Powder Hot-forging Flow Oil ring operative end surface has hole cladding layer thickness to meet design requirements.
2. formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, utilize software to identify fast the internal-and external diameter of operative end surface image, simultaneously according to the sweep parameter condition of setting, first from the database with software link, search, as find internal-and external diameter and set float grease seal ring that sweep parameter condition is identical have a hole laser melting coating scan-data, directly call in these data; As do not found, more automatically according to the sweep parameter condition of internal diameter and external diameter data and setting, generate and have hole laser melting coating scan-data, deposit the data of generation in database simultaneously.
3. formation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in step 1, describedly hole laser melting coating scan-data, end profile sweep trace, hole profile scan line and the inner sweep trace of filling, consists of.
4. formation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 1, the described inner sweep trace of filling can be linear reciprocation type sweep trace, orthogonal scanning type sweep trace or profile run-in index sweep trace.
5. formation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1, the sweep parameter that described need are set comprises inner sweep trace type, sweep span and the porosity of filling.
6. formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2, described flexible scraper plate adopts the high temperature resistant silicon offset plate with favorable elasticity to make, to guarantee walking around the hard protrusion that operative end surface top exceeds the preset thickness plane of powder in powder initialization process, effectively prevent the hard protrusion particle impact preset on cladding powder in multilayer cladding process; The outer powder of the unnecessary powder that scraper plate scrapes off and follow-up cladding scanning area can collect and reuse after cladding work completes.
7. formation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, described cladding powder adopts granularity for being not less than 400 object aerosolization Co-based alloy powders.
8. according to the formation method described in claim 1,6 or 7, it is characterized in that, the tiling thickness of described cladding powder is 20-100 micron.
9. formation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nitrogen protection atmosphere is that purity is no less than 99.99% nitrogen.
10. formation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4, the laser beam that described laser melting coating adopts is focused into the trickle hot spot of 30-100 micron, and its sweep velocity is no less than 60 mm/second.
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| CN201410263708.6A CN104152893A (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Method for forming wearproof perforated laser cladding coating of powder hot-forging floating oil seal ring |
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| CN113634764A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method for manufacturing stainless steel-based composite coating on surface of magnesium alloy through laser additive manufacturing |
| CN114592190A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Large-size sealing ring piece cladding remanufacturing device |
| CN116006691A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-25 | 安庆帝伯格茨活塞环有限公司 | Super-wear-resistant floating oil seal floating seal ring and processing technology thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |